JPH0134188B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an evacuation vehicle, and more particularly to a vehicle for evacuation of patients admitted to a hospital on a high floor.

[Conventional technology]

Many large hospitals these days have inpatient rooms on the upper floors of high-rise buildings, and these hospitals are equipped with elevators and stairs, so patients who are unable to walk are transported in wheelchairs, stretchers, and mobile beds. Since you can move from the upper floor to the lower floor using the elevator, there is usually no anxiety or inconvenience. However, once an emergency situation such as a fire occurs,
Due to safety concerns, elevators are no longer available, and patients who are unable to walk on their own have no choice but to be evacuated using the stairs, relying on the help of nurses managing inpatient rooms and other assistants.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, when there are many hospitalized patients, it is extremely difficult for a small number of nurses to evacuate them in a short time, and once a fire breaks out,
The reality is that there are many imitators.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an evacuation vehicle that allows a relatively weak nurse to evacuate hospitalized patients who are unable to walk easily.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a transport vehicle equipped with a crawler mechanism capable of running on stairs, which is equipped with a seat, a steering support handle, and a braking device that brakes at a nearly constant speed on the axle of the crawler. Equipped with a constant speed braking mechanism that can keep the circumferential speed of the crawler almost constant, horizontal stays are pivotally supported at the front, rear, left and right positions of the crawler mechanism, and the running wheels are pivotally supported at both ends of these stays. Then, when descending stairs, you can touch each step, but you can touch the ground on a flat surface.
The present invention is characterized in that it is provided with a running wheel mechanism that can separate the crawler from the ground surface, and is configured so that the crawler can touch the stairs and run down naturally due to gravity, and can run on the wheels on a flat surface.

[Effect]

With the above configuration, when the transport vehicle descends the stairs, the constant speed braking mechanism prevents the transport vehicle from accelerating more than a substantially constant speed and safely travels. In addition, on landings and flat areas, the wheels touch the ground, making it easy to change directions and push the vehicle by hand.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained based on an embodiment shown in the drawings.

In the evacuation transport vehicle shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a crawler mechanism, 2 a seat disposed on the crawler mechanism 1, and 3 a pair of left and right steering supports that also serve as the backrest frame of the seat 2. It's a handle.

The crawler mechanism 1 includes a pipe frame 4 having a substantially rectangular shape in plan view, and a pair of left and right crawler grounding guide frames 5 disposed inside and below the pipe frame 4. Its front end portions are connected to the left and right sides via a connecting pipe 6, and are also connected to the pipe frame 4. In addition, the crawler grounding guide frame 5 has an inclined guide part 5b bent at a rear part of the horizontal guide part 5a, which extends diagonally backward at a predetermined angle of inclination, and the pipe frame 4 is bent near the bent part. The pipe frame 4 and the crawler grounding guide frame 5, which are connected from side to side by the rear cross member 4a and are integrally connected in this way, are used as supporting bodies to engage with a pair of left and right front idlers 7 and a rubber crawler 9, which will be described later. A rear toothed pulley 8 is rotatably supported. That is, the front idler wheel 7 is rotatably supported by the front cross member 4b of the pipe frame 4, and the rear toothed pulley 8 is connected to the crawler grounding guide frame 5 via an axle shaft 8a that connects it left and right. It is rotatably supported at the rear end portion, and therefore, the support portion 5c of the crawler grounding guide frame 5 that supports the axle 8a faces a position deeper inward in the width direction of the vehicle body than the inclined guide portion 5b. I'm here. And, such a front idler wheel 7
A pair of left and right rubber crawlers 9 are wound between the rear toothed pulley 8 and the grounding side thereof, and the grounding side thereof is connected to a guide formed on the lower surface of the horizontal guide portion 5a and the inclined guide portion 5b of the crawler grounding guide frame 5. It fits into the groove and prevents it from shifting from side to side. In addition,
The axle 8a is connected to the support portion 5c of the crawler grounding guide frame 5 through an elongated hole, and its position can be adjusted along this elongated hole, and an appropriate tension is applied to the rubber crawler 9 via the rear toothed pulley 8. Such a configuration is substantially similar to a conventional crawler mechanism.

The rubber crawler 9 is designed such that the length of the portion guided by the horizontal guide portion 5a of the crawler grounding guide frame 5 is greater than or equal to the length of the tangent line connecting the three corners of the stairs. It is designed to straddle the sections and allow for smooth crawling.

Here, a centrifugal brake 12 is mounted on a support plate 10 extending over the left and right crawler grounding guide frames 5, and a sprocket 13 is fixed to a rotating shaft 12a of this centrifugal brake 12. Correspondingly, a sprocket 14 is also fixed to the axle 8a, and a chain 15 is wound between the sprockets 13 and 14, thereby establishing a constant speed braking mechanism 11 that keeps the circumferential speed of the rubber crawler 9 constant. It is configured. Above centrifugal brake 1
2, as shown in FIG. 3, a rotating plate 16 coupled to the rotating shaft 12a is housed in a case, and a pair of arc-shaped brakes interconnected by a spring 17 is mounted on the rotating plate 16. Shoes 18, 18 are disposed on both sides of the rotating shaft 12a, and one end of each of these is pivotally supported by the rotating plate 16. When the rotating shaft 12a reaches a predetermined rotational speed, The force causes the brake shoe 18 to rotate outward against the force of the spring 17, and makes frictional contact with the brake drum 19 inside the case to obtain braking force.

The crawler mechanism 1 having such a configuration is provided with running wheel mechanisms 20 at front, rear, left and right positions in order to smoothly run on flat surfaces such as corridors and landings. As shown in FIG. 6, this running wheel mechanism 20 has running wheels 22 and 23 attached to both ends of a horizontal stay 21 via axles 22a and 23a, respectively, and mounted at the center of the stay 21. The seesaw movement is allowed by fitting the supporting shaft 24 into a bearing 51 provided on the crawler grounding guide frame 5. The stay 21 is connected to the support shaft 24.
One end of the torsion spring 25 is locked to the support shaft 24, and the other end is locked to a bearing 51.
A slight amount of torque is applied to the engine, and this has a tendency to always move forward.

The ground contact surfaces of the running wheels 22 and 23 are located at a position d below the ground contact surface 9a of the rubber crawler 9,
When traveling on a flat surface, the contact surface 9 of the rubber crawler 9
It is designed so that a can move away from the ground plane by ``d'' (d≒10mm).

The seat 2 is supported on a pipe frame 4 of the crawler mechanism 1. For this purpose, reinforcing members 41 and 42 are fixed to the pipe frame 4 so as to extend from side to side, and a pair of left and right reinforcing members 41 and 42 are fixed to the pipe frame 4 on the left and right sides. Mounting brackets 43 and 44 are arranged in front and behind each other and are mounted in an upright position. On the other hand, seat 2 is
A pair of left and right support pipe frames 47 which are bent into a horizontal U shape and whose rear ends are connected by a bracket 45 and connected by a reinforcing member 46 are used as a base body.
The seat body 31 has a canvas sheet 30 stretched between the left and right support pipe frames 47, 47.
and a pair of left and right legs 32 whose lower ends are bent forward approximately parallel to the seat 30, and a footrest 32a made of canvas is stretched between the lower ends of the legs 32. The upper end of 32 is pivotally connected to a slide bracket 33 that can move back and forth along the support pipe frame 47. And, such a seat 2 has the above-mentioned legs 32.
The bent portion of the seat body 31 is pivotally attached to the aforementioned front mounting bracket 43 so as to be rotatable in the front and rear direction.
A bracket 45 is pivotally connected to the rear mounting bracket 44 via the pivot 34. The lower end portions of the aforementioned pair of left and right steering support handles 3 are pivotally attached to this pivot 34 via a bracket 35. This steering support handle 3 also serves as a backrest frame of the seat 2, and a headrest 36 and a backrest 37 made of canvas are arranged vertically and stretched. In order to perform the function of this backrest frame, an appropriate engagement means 38 is provided between the bracket 35 and the bracket 45 on the side of the seat body 31 to maintain the upright position of the steering support handle 3 with respect to the seat 2. When the steering support handle 3 is held in the upright position by the engaging means 38, the upper end thereof is bent so as to be largely exposed to the rear of the transport vehicle.
It is now possible to steer and push the transport vehicle from the rear.

In this embodiment, the engaging means 38 includes:
The means shown in FIG. 4 is adopted. That is, the bracket 45 has the above-mentioned bracket 35 attached to the pivot 3.
4, and a locking hook 40 is pivotally connected to the bracket 35 by a pivot 41. This locking hook 40 is limited in its rotational movement by a stopper 42, and a locking pin 45a implanted in the bracket 45 is inserted into the hook portion 40.
b can be locked. Locking hook 4
0, the tension spring 43 is given a rotational habit in the direction of catching the locking pin 45a, and the end of the locking hook 40 is extended to release the locking state with the locking pin 45a, and the release lever 40a It's getting old.
Note that the bracket 35 is provided with a notch 35a that avoids the locking pin 45a installed in the bracket 45, so that the movement of the bracket 35 is not hindered by the locking pin 45a when folding. There is.

Further, this engaging means 38 is also present between the aforementioned slide bracket 33 and the support pipe frame 47, so that the movement of the slide bracket 33 can be restrained when the seat is assembled.

Since the evacuation carrier of the present invention is constructed as described above, the steering support handle 3, seat body 31, and legs 32, which are pivotally mounted on the pipe frame 4, are in a compact state as shown in FIG. It can be stored in. Specifically, in the state shown in FIG. 1, the support pipe frame 47 forming the seat 2
By disengaging the slide bracket 33 connecting the support pipe frame 47 and the leg 32 and allowing the seat body 31 to slide freely, the seat body 31 can be folded forward together with the steering support handle 3. is lowered until it touches the top surface of the crawler mechanism 1. The engagement means 38 is released by rotating the release lever 40a of the locking hook 40 against the tension spring 43.

When assembling from such a storage state to a use state, contrary to the above, first remove the steering support handle 3.
By this operation, the steering support handle is held up until the locking hook 40 on the bracket 35 on the side of the steering support handle 3 catches the locking pin 45a implanted in the bracket 45. 3
is rotated to stand up, and the locking hook portion 40b crosses the locking pin 45a against the elasticity of the tension spring 43, so that the locking hook portion 40b captures the locking pin 45a and the steering support handle 3 is placed in the upright state. It holds. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, when the seat body 31 is tilted at a predetermined angle with respect to the crawler mechanism 1, the seat body 31 becomes horizontal with the crawler mechanism 1 along the slope of the stairs, and the seat body 31 is placed on the seat 2. It is ready for people to board. In this case, the slidability between the slide bracket 33 and the support pipe frame 47 is also restricted, and the two are rigidly connected to each other.

Next, a case will be described in which an inpatient who cannot walk is boarded and transported using an evacuation carrier in an emergency. First, in flat places such as hallways,
As shown in the figure, only the left and right running wheels 22, 23 are in contact with the ground, and the rubber crawler 9 is in a state of floating above the ground, and in this state, the handle 3 is pushed to move. In this case, since only the running wheels 22 and 23 are in contact with the flat surface, movement is extremely smooth.

Next, the case of descending the stairs shown in FIG. 7 will be explained. Rubber crawler 9 forming crawler mechanism 1
Since it has a ground contact length corresponding to the length of the tangent line connecting the three corners of the stairs, it can crawl smoothly while straddling the corners of the stairs. In this case, the crawler mechanism 1 is not equipped with a driving source, but is instead equipped with a constant speed braking mechanism 11 mainly consisting of a centrifugal brake 12, so that the transport vehicle naturally descends under the action of gravity and its speed is maintained at a safe speed. When the speed reaches a predetermined speed or higher, the rubber crawler 9, rear toothed pulley 8, axle 8a, sprocket 14, and chain 1
5. The centrifugal brake 12 is actuated by the rotational force transmitted to the rotating shaft 12a through the path of the sprocket 13, and further increase in speed is suppressed. Therefore,
For example, a nurse who operates the transport vehicle only needs to follow the transport vehicle while steering it with the steering support handle 3, and can descend the stairs extremely safely and with little effort.

When going down stairs, the running wheel 23 of the running wheels 22 and 23 is located below the bottom surface of the rubber crawler 9, so unless some contrivance is taken, each time each wheel hits a corner of the stairs, This gives a shock to the passenger, but for reasons that will be explained below, the running wheels 22 and 23 touch the stairs, but only the rubber crawler 9 is in contact with the stairs.

That is, in the running wheel mechanism 20, running wheels 22 and 23 are attached to both ends of a stay 21, and the stay 21 can see-saw with a support shaft 24, and furthermore, the elasticity of a torsion spring 25 causes the stay 21 to move forward. Since the running wheels 23 come to the end of the flat surface of the stairs and come into contact with the corner K of the stairs, the rubber crawler 9 is attached to the corner.
The running wheel 23 touches the corner of the stairs and is pushed up, and as a result, the running wheel 22 falls against the elasticity of the torsion spring 25 toward the kicking part.
The stay 21 is tilted in a forward downward direction, and the running wheels 23 located at the rear end of the stay 21 are in a backward upward condition while avoiding the corner of the stairs.

In addition, for turning operations on the landing, use the support handle 3.
Push down a little to lift the front running wheel mechanism 20 above the ground surface, and perform the operation using only the rear running wheel mechanism 20. In order to facilitate turning on a landing, it is also preferable to replace the running wheels 23 constituting the rear running wheel mechanism 20 with casters 23A (10th
In this case, the torsion spring 23C for posture control is applied to the rotational support shaft 23B of the caster 23A, so that the caster 23A is always on the rear side in the direction of movement when there is no load. It is preferable to always face the top of the stairs.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the constant speed braking mechanism 1
1 was mainly composed of a centrifugal brake 12, but
Instead of this centrifugal brake, a hydraulic brake may be used in which the hydraulic pump has a closed circulation path for hydraulic oil, and the rotating shaft is braked by the action of a throttle provided in the path. A dynamic brake may be used in which a rotating shaft is attached to a rotor that can rotate, and braking is applied to the rotating shaft by utilizing the action of eddy currents generated as the rotor rotates.

Furthermore, the rotation shaft 12a of the centrifugal brake 12
The interlocking structure between the rear toothed pulley 8 and the axle 8a includes a chain 15 and sprockets 13 and 1.
4 may be replaced by a toothed belt and a toothed pulley that engages with the toothed belt.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As is clear from the above description, the evacuation transport vehicle of the present invention has a crawler mechanism that is controlled to a safe speed by a constant speed braking mechanism, and is equipped with a seat and a steering support handle. Furthermore, together with the crawler mechanism, a traveling wheel mechanism is provided for use on a flat surface, and the traveling wheels forming this traveling wheel mechanism touch the corners of each stairway when descending the stairs, but so as not to give a shock to passengers. Because of this structure, the running wheels of the running wheel mechanism can be used smoothly in hallways and landings, and the crawler mechanism with a constant speed braking mechanism allows the stairs to descend naturally without power at a safe speed. This makes evacuation work easier. In particular, when descending stairs, the running wheels touch the corners of the stairs, but the passenger is not given a shock.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of an evacuation carrier according to an embodiment of the present invention in the usage position on a staircase, FIG. 2 is a partially sectional front view of the same, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the centrifugal brake, The figure is an enlarged side view showing the engagement means, FIG. 5 is a schematic side view showing the storage state of the transport vehicle, and FIG.
Fig. 7 and Fig. 7 are schematic side views showing the state of use in a corridor and stairs, respectively, Fig. 8 is a side view showing the running wheel mechanism, Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view along the line of Fig. 8, and Fig. 10. 11 is a side view of a traveling wheel mechanism according to another embodiment, and FIG. 11 is a side view of an evacuation carrier equipped with the same traveling wheel mechanism in a state of descending stairs. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Crawler mechanism, 2... Seat, 3... Steering support handle, 4... Pipe frame, 5... Crawler grounding guide frame, 8... Rear toothed pulley,
8a...Axle, 9...Rubber crawler, 11...Constant speed braking mechanism, 12...Centrifugal brake, 13, 14
...Sprocket, 15...Chain, 20...
Traveling wheel mechanism, 21... Stay, 22, 23...
Running wheel, 24... support shaft, 25... torsion spring.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A transport vehicle equipped with a crawler mechanism capable of traveling on stairs is provided with a seat, a steering support handle, and a braking device that brakes at a substantially constant speed is connected to the axle of the crawler to prevent the crawler from moving around the crawler. Equipped with a constant speed braking mechanism that can maintain a nearly constant speed, horizontal stays are pivotally supported at the front, rear, left and right positions of the above crawler mechanism, and running wheels are pivotally supported at both ends of these stays for stair descent. Although it touches each step at times, it can make contact with the ground on a flat surface, and is equipped with a running wheel mechanism that allows the crawler to move away from the ground surface.It is configured so that it can touch the crawler on stairs and travel naturally downward due to gravity, and can run on wheels on a flat surface. An evacuation transport vehicle characterized by: