JPH0133740B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an indoor heating and cooling device using energy-saving gravel.

In recent years, there has been much talk of an energy crisis, and there are calls for energy conservation in indoor heating and cooling systems. However, relying on electricity, gas, and oil for cooling and heating sources still consumes a lot of energy.

Therefore, the inventor of the present invention conducted repeated research on a completely new air conditioning system. First, we focused on the times of the day when heating and cooling were needed. For example, in summer, the time before sunrise is the lowest temperature of the day and does not require air conditioning, but between 1pm and 3pm, the highest temperature of the day is recorded and air conditioning is always required. As described above, the temperature changes considerably during the day, and the temperature inside the rooms where people live also rises and falls accordingly. However, even in nature, soil does not change that much. The surface of soil is first warmed by solar radiation during the day,
When the surface temperature becomes higher than the subsurface temperature, heat flows downward; on the other hand, after sunset, the surface temperature decreases due to heat dissipation from the ground surface into the air, so heat flows upward. In this way, the movement of heat in the soil repeatedly falls and rises during the day, but soil has a large heat capacity and does not change as drastically as the temperature. For example, according to M.B.Russel, the earth's surface during the day,
When measuring temperature changes 6 cm underground and 20 cm underground, the first
It will look like the figure. In the figure, a is the ground surface, b is underground 6
cm and c indicate temperature changes 20 cm underground. As you can see from this figure, there is almost no change in temperature throughout the day 20 cm underground, and after noon the temperature difference between the temperature and the ground surface becomes large. If this temperature difference were utilized for summer cooling, it would be possible to save energy. Also, according to M. B. Russell, seasonal changes in soil temperature are shown in Figure 2. In the figure, a shows the temperature change at the ground surface, b shows the temperature change 6 cm underground, and c shows the temperature change 20 cm underground. As you can see from this figure, the underground is warmer than the surface in winter, and if this warmth can be utilized, it will be possible to save energy in winter heating.

The present invention was completed based on the above knowledge, and is characterized in that it uses gravel instead of soil. The reasons for this are: 1) Soil absorbs water and easily becomes a breeding ground for microorganisms; 2) When soil dries, it tends to become fine particles, and when the soil becomes fine, air circulation becomes poor and there is a risk of spreading dust indoors. This is because it is difficult for insects, rats, etc. to build nests in gravel. Diameter 3 among gravel
It is necessary that the length is at least 5 cm, and preferably 5 cm or more because it allows good air circulation. If the diameter is smaller than 3 cm, pressure loss will be large and air cannot be circulated smoothly. Further, the gravel does not have to be natural, but may be crushed stone or hardened concrete.

This kind of gravel is spread under the floor and is called a gravel layer. The thickness of the gravel layer is preferably 30 cm or more.
It is also preferable that it is as deep as possible below the ground surface, and that at least the lower end of the gravel layer is at least 3 m deep below the ground surface. The deeper it goes, the less it is affected by temperature, making it cooler in the summer and warmer in the winter.

The embodiments shown in the drawings will be described in detail below. FIG. 3 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, in which a gravel layer 1 is formed by bending a hole under the floor of a room 5 of a house 4, and a water-blocking sheet 6 It is provided in the gravel chamber adjacent to the chamber 5 by laying the inside of the hole and filling it with gravel. Pipes 7 and 8 are erected at both ends of the gravel layer 1 to communicate with the indoor room 5, and a ventilation fan 9 is attached to the inlet of one pipe 7, which serves as an inlet 10 for the indoor room 5. The opening end to the chamber 5 serves as an air outlet 11 for the air in the chamber 5.

Now, in the gravel layer 1 configured in this way,
Turn the ventilation fan 9 to exhaust the air in the gravel layer 1 and return it to the room 5.
When air flows into the air, the temperature in the room 5 decreases during the daytime in summer, and increases at night during the winter, even at dawn.

The air in the room 5 enters the gravel layer 1 through the outlet 11, is warmed or cooled therein, and then enters the room 5 again.

In this way, the room 5 is heated and cooled.

FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a gravel chamber 12 is provided under the floor adjacent to the indoor chamber 5.
This is called gravel layer 1, which is filled with gravel. Gravel room 1
The surrounding wall 12a of the building 2 is a downward extension of the concrete foundation of the building 4, and serves also as the foundation, so to speak. The gravel layer 12 is provided inside the outermost foundation of the building 4, and the upper surface of the gravel chamber 12 does not extend beyond the floor surface of the building 4. In addition, the surrounding wall 12a and floor 1 of the gravel chamber 12
2b is a water-blocking wall. Note that the building 4 may be not only a residence but also a building, and in that case, the underground room may be converted into the gravel room 12. Indoor 5
The pipe 7, in which the inlet 10 is provided, is deeply buried in the gravel layer 1, bends near the bottom of the gravel chamber 12, and still extends parallel to the bottom. 7a is open.

In this example, the wall 12a around the gravel chamber 12 also serves as a foundation, which is preferable because the strength of the foundation is further increased. Furthermore, since the gravel chamber 12 is provided inside the outermost foundation of the building, the air temperature within the gravel layer 1 is not easily affected by sunlight, rain and wind. Furthermore, since the pipe 7 is deeply embedded in the gravel layer 1, air deep in the gravel layer 1 can also be introduced into the room 5.

It goes without saying that the indoor room 5 is not limited to a room where people live, but may also be a room for livestock, a room housing a computer, or a greenhouse.

As detailed above, the present invention focuses on the fact that soil temperature changes are small, and uses gravel instead of soil.
It circulates indoor air into the gravel layer.

Therefore, it is possible to perform cooling or heating just by ventilation, so it can be said to be a method suitable for the energy saving era.

In particular, in the present invention, since the gravel chamber is surrounded by a water-shielding wall, the intrusion of moisture from underground and the intrusion of insects and microorganisms are not allowed. Further, in the present invention, the gravel chamber and the indoor room are adjacent to each other. Therefore, the gravel layer absorbs vertical and horizontal shaking during an earthquake, increasing the earthquake resistance of the building. Furthermore, in the present invention, gravel having a diameter of 3 cm or more is used. Therefore, indoor air can be smoothly circulated to the gravel layer.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing an example of daily changes in soil temperature, FIG. 2 is a graph showing an example of seasonal changes in soil temperature, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the apparatus of the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. The figure is also a schematic diagram showing the device of the second embodiment. 1... Gravel layer, 2... Ground surface, 4... House, building, 5...
Room, 7, 8...pipe or ventilation pipe, 9...ventilation fan,
12...Gravel room.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A gravel chamber surrounded by an impermeable wall is installed in the ground adjacent to the indoor chamber, and the gravel chamber is filled with gravel with a diameter of 3 cm or more to form a gravel layer, and at least two ventilation tubes are installed between the indoor chamber and the gravel chamber. An indoor heating and cooling device characterized by being connected by pipes and configured to circulate indoor air to a gravel layer.