JPH0133638B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a ground surface vertical hole excavation method and apparatus for digging a large vertical hole in the ground.

Conventionally, when excavating a vertical hole in the ground with a diameter of about 2 to 3 meters, a self-propelled excavator was installed at the bottom of the hole to excavate the earth and sand, and the excavated soil was transported to the surface and discharged. The scanning vehicle body, which serves as the support for the power shovel that makes up the excavation work equipment, occupies a relatively large space at the bottom of the hole, so when the traveling vehicle body is not moved, the excavation work range over which the bucket tip and air breaker at the tip of the boom can move is narrow. In order to excavate every corner of the bottom of the hole, the vehicle body must be moved forward and backward frequently, and since the size of the vehicle body is limited within the hole, it is not stable enough to resist the digging reaction force. Therefore, the bottom of the hole cannot be excavated with sufficient excavation force, and the presence of the traveling vehicle provides assistance when installing and moving up and down materials such as earth evacuation equipment, ventilation equipment, and ladders. The work space is also smaller,
Overall, there were drawbacks such as inefficient excavation work.

The present invention has been provided in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional examples.The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional example. The purpose of this invention is to provide a vertical hole drilling method and device.

Embodiments of the apparatus used in the method of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

In Fig. 1, A is a retaining cylindrical frame made of corrugated steel plate with corrugations protruding along the circumferential direction, and the partial cylindrical body can be disassembled by dividing it into halves or thirds in the vertical direction. It is made up of a plurality of short cylindrical frames 1 formed in a cylindrical shape and having inwardly directed flanges 2 curved at the upper and lower ends, which are stacked one on top of the other and the flanges 2 are joined together. B is cylinder frame A
This is a guide rail installed parallel to the axial direction of the cylinder frame A, that is, in the vertical direction, inside the diametrically opposed position of the cylinder frame A. This guide rail B is shown in Figure 2 a and b.
As shown in the figure, a plurality of U-shaped steels 3, 3 having the same length as the short cylindrical frame 1 are connected vertically by flanges 4. The flange 4 is a horizontal mounting plate 4
A is fixed with bolts and nuts 6 to the flanges 2, 2 of the short cylindrical frames 1, 1 stacked one above the other, and the back of the lower end of the upper mold steel 3 is attached to the upper half of the flange 4. The back of the upper end of the lower shaped steel 3 is fixed to the lower half of the flange 4 by bolts and nuts 7, and by bolts and nuts 8. 4b is a reinforcing rib of the flange. 9 and 10 are pin holes vertically drilled in pairs on the upper and lower sides of the upper mold steel 3;
A is a similar pin hole drilled in the side of the lower molded steel 3, into which the stopper pin 11 is inserted. The support beam C consists of a central body 12 and two arm portions 14 fitted on the left and right sides of the body 12 and fixed with bolts and nuts 13, and is symmetrical with respect to the center line. When viewed from above, the tip 14a of the arm portion 14 has a side plate protruding in a U-shape, and fits vertically slidably on the outside of the guide rail B. The support beam C is fixed to the guide rail B by pins 11 placed between the guide rails 9a and 9a and between 10a and 10a and inserted into these pin holes. 15
is a central shaft pivoted on the center line of the central body 12 of the support beam C so that it can only rotate freely but strongly cannot move vertically, and has a plurality of hydraulic passages and pneumatic passages (not shown) inside. Each passage is connected to the central body 1 by a communicating joint 16 provided on the upper part of the central shaft 15.
The central shaft 15 is connected to a pipe of an oil/pneumatic circuit 17 mounted on the central shaft 15, and is connected to a pipe (not shown) of each cylinder, etc., which will be described later.

D is a long vertical frame, and on both sides of the upper end of the frame and on both sides of a parallel body 15b fixed to the square shaft-shaped downward protrusion 15a of the central shaft 15,
Both ends of two parallel links 18 arranged above and below are pivotally connected, and these parallel links 18, the upper end of the vertical frame D, and the downward protrusion 15a of the central shaft 15 constitute a parallelogram quadruple link. . Reference numeral 19 denotes a hydraulic cylinder installed almost diagonally along the quadruple link, with the base of the cylinder attached to the base of the link 18 on the vertical frame D side, and the tip of the rod attached to the central shaft protrusion 15.
Connected to a.

E is a power shovel installed at the lower end of the vertical frame D, and the boom 20 of the shovel is shown in FIG.
As shown in b, it is pivoted to the upper part of a vertical shaft 22 pivoted between upper and lower brackets 21 and 21a fixed to the inner surface of the lower end of the frame D by a pin 22a so as to be able to freely change the angle of elevation. An arm 23 is pivotally attached at the middle of the upper half by a pin 20a parallel to the axis of the pin 22a, and a bucket 24 is pivotally attached to the tip of the arm 23 by a pin 23a parallel to the axis of the pin 20a. has been done. 25 is boom 2
0 is a hydraulic cylinder for changing the depression angle; 26 is a hydraulic cylinder for changing the swinging angle of the arm 23;
7 is a hydraulic cylinder for changing the rake angle of the bucket 24. 28 is one side of frame D and boom 2
This is a hydraulic cylinder for changing the swing angle of the boom installed between one side of the frame D, and its cylinder head is attached to the yoke frame 31 at the upper end of a vertical pin 30 pivoted to the bracket 29 on one side of the frame D. The rod 28a is pivotally connected with a pin 32 parallel to the axis.
The front end of the boom 20 is pivotally connected to a yoke frame 34 at one end of a horizontal pin 33, which is pivotally connected to the side of the boom 20, with a pin 35 perpendicular to the axis of the horizontal pin 33. F is a moving device that moves the vertical frame D along the circumference of the bottom of the hole, and in the illustrated example, it is a crawler. They are rotatably connected to the lower end outer side of the vertical frame D by a support shaft 38 projecting laterally, and the drive shaft 38a of the endless running belt is connected to a sprocket 39, a chain 40, and a shaft 38 that is pivotally connected to the shaft 38.
It is connected to a hydraulic motor 45 provided on a vertical frame D in a two-stage reduction type of wrap transmission using step sprockets 41, 42, a chain 43, and a sprocket 44.

G is a fixing device for the bottom of the hole at the lower end of the vertical frame D, and as shown in Fig. 5 a, b, c, the stake part 46
is vertically slidably inserted into a guide cylinder 47 fixed to both sides of the lower end of the vertical frame D, the upper end of the pile part 46 is connected to the lower end of a rod 48a of a hydraulic cylinder 48, and the head of the cylinder 48 is connected to the vertical frame D.
It is connected to support frames 49 provided on both sides of the
The cylinder 48 allows the pile portion 46 to descend below the lower surface of the moving device F and be driven into the bottom of the hole.

An example of a method for excavating a vertical hole in the ground using the above-mentioned device will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 6a, a pilot hole 50 with approximately the same diameter as the earth retaining cylinder A is dug in the ground using a shovel. Then, as shown in FIG. 6b, the lower half of the cylinder A is fitted into the prepared hole and fixed to the ground 51. In this state, the upper and lower ends of both ends 14a of the support beam C are connected to the stopper pins 1 inserted into the highest pin holes 9, 9 of the guide rail B.
It is held between 1. In this way, the operation of the device is started from the ground or from the bottom of the hole. First, the vertical frame D is appropriately lowered using the cylinder 19 to ground the moving device F on the hole bottom 50a, and the cylinder is locked to fix the vertical frame D to the central shaft 15 using the handle link 18. do. Next, the rod 48a of the hydraulic cylinder 48 is extended and the pile portion 46 is
is inserted into the soil at the bottom of the hole 50a to fix the lower end of the vertical frame D to the ground. In this way, during excavation, the horizontal reaction force acting on the bucket 24 is opposed by the moving device F (crawler) and the pile part 46, the vertical reaction force of the bucket 24 is opposed by the weight of the device, and No large forces act on the ground. In this way, the power shovel E is hydraulically operated to excavate a hole in front of the vertical frame D, and the earth and sand are discharged to the ground using a lifting device (not shown). After this excavation,
Raise the bucket 24 of the power shovel E from the bottom 50a of the hole, raise the cylinder 48, pull out the pile part 46 from the bottom 50a of the hole, free the cylinder 19, release the fixation of the parallel link 18, and remove the hydraulic motor 45.
The moving device F is moved by the vertical frame D.
is rotated a certain distance along the inside of the cylinder frame A around the central axis 15, and the moving device F is stopped. Then, like last time, the parallel link 18 is fixed, the pile part 46 is driven into the hole bottom 50a, and the hole bottom 50a in front of the vertical frame D is excavated with the power shovel E and discharged. If the entire surface of the hole bottom 50a is excavated in this way and the depth is about the distance l between the pin holes 9 and 10, which corresponds to the length of the short cylindrical frame 1, then the vertical frame D
The moving device F and the bracket 24 are used to lower the
is located directly below support beam C, and then
1 from the pin hole 9 and first insert it into the lower pin hole 10, lower the support beam C by the cylinder 19 until the lower ends of both ends 14a touch the same pin 11, and insert another pin into the upper pin hole 10. 11 in contact with the upper edges of both ends 14a,
As shown in FIG. 6c, the support beam C is fixed to the guide rail B, and the bottom of the hole is excavated in the same manner as described above. The support beam C can be lowered and fixed to the position of the final stage pin hole 10a of the guide rail B to excavate the bottom of the hole, as shown in FIG. 6d. In the excavation of the hole described above, when the length of the excavation reaches the length of the short cylindrical frame 1, the short cylindrical frame 1 is assembled into a cylindrical shape at the lower end of the cylindrical frame A and joined in a root joint state to perform earth retaining. Of course, the amount of excavation may be increased and a plurality of short cylindrical frames 1 may be joined at one time. In this case, the guide rails 3 that have been removed from above are sequentially attached to the newly spliced short cylindrical frame 1 as necessary, and the mounting position of the support beam C is secured to proceed with excavation. If the required hole in the ground is shallow or the ground is weak, connect the short cylindrical frame 1 on top of the cylindrical frame A, move the excavation member upward, and then use a powerful pushing device. Then, the entire cylinder frame A may be lowered into the hole in the ground in a submerged manner. After the excavation is completed in this way, the support beam C is moved to the vertical frame D, the moving device F, the power shovel E, and then the guide rail B, bracket 4, etc. When it is pulled out of the hole, a hole in the ground secured by the cylindrical frame A is completed as shown in Fig. 6e. In the above work, if there is rock or the like at the bottom of the hole, an air breaker tool is attached to the back of the bucket 24 to break it up.

In the device used in the above construction method, the arms 14 of the support beam C have lengths and shorts, and can be replaced depending on the inner diameter of the cylinder frame A. In addition, parallel link 1
8 can be exchanged in the shortest possible time. Further, the moving device F may be a crawler or a simple wheel, and may rotate the vertical frame D by applying a driving force to the central shaft 15.
Furthermore, the support beam C extends 1 in the diametrical direction of the cylinder frame A.
It is not limited to the shape of a book, but it may also be shaped like 3 or 4 arms extending radially from the center.

As a result of the above-described configuration of the present invention, the vertical frame D to which the power shovel B is attached is grounded and supported by the bottom of the hole at the lower part, and connected to the support beam C fixed to the retaining cylinder frame A at the upper part. Therefore, it is possible to obtain sufficient stability to counter the excavation reaction force and exert a strong excavation force.

Further, a vertical frame D is provided at an eccentric position with respect to the central axis 15, and while the vertical frame D is moved along the inner circumference of the cylinder frame A by the moving device F, the vertical frame D is moved beyond the center of the cylinder frame A by the power shovel E. Since the entire bottom of the hole is excavated by excavating near the periphery of the cylindrical frame A that faces the other side, there is no limit to the excavation work range of the power shovel E even in the case of a relatively small diameter hole, and the excavation can be carried out suitably. By changing the mounting position of the support beam C with respect to the guide rail B, it is possible to excavate the bottom of a hole to a predetermined depth. Since it is supported from the inside, there is no risk of causing a landslide.

Additionally, a support beam C with a vertical frame D attached to it
Since there is a large space between the cylinder frame A and the cylinder frame A, it is easy to carry out work such as carrying out earth and sand, loading and unloading materials, etc. Moreover, the power shovel E can be operated either directly at the bottom of the hole or remotely from the ground. However, since it can be carried out even when the process is carried out, the overall effect is that it is safe and has good workability.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing one embodiment of the apparatus used in the method of the present invention, Figs.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged front view of the moving device, FIG. 5 a is an enlarged front view of the moving device and the fixing device, FIG. 5 b is the same side view, FIG. 5c is a sectional view taken along the line X-X of FIG. 5a, and FIGS. 6a, b, c, d, and e are 1
It is a work explanatory diagram showing an example. A... Cylinder frame, B... Guide rail, C... Support beam, D... Vertical frame, E... Power shovel, F... Moving device, C... Fixing device.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Start digging and dig a pilot hole 50 in the ground surface, fit the cylinder frame A into the pilot hole, and attach and detach it between the vertical guide rails B and B inside the cylinder frame A. The lower end of a vertical frame D, which is connected to the supported support beam C and can pivot along the inside of the cylinder frame A, is supported on the bottom of the hole;
A power shovel E installed at the bottom of the vertical frame D excavates near the periphery of the cylinder frame A that faces beyond the center of the cylinder frame A, and the vertical frame D is moved along the inner circumference of the cylinder frame A. While moving, the entire bottom of the hole is excavated and the soil is discharged to the ground, and the support beam C is gradually lowered along the guide rail B, and the entire bottom of the hole is excavated and discharged in the same manner, and the hole is excavated to a predetermined depth. The short cylinder frame is joined to the cylinder frame A, and the joined cylinder frame A
A method for excavating a vertical hole in the ground surface, which comprises: securing the surface of the hole with earth, and then transporting excavation members such as a support beam C, a vertical frame D, and a power shovel E out of the hole. 2. A plurality of vertical guide rails B are removably fixed to the inner surface of a retaining cylindrical frame A, which is a removably joined plurality of short cylindrical frames to be fitted into the prepared hole 50,
The end of the support beam C is fitted into the guide rail B so that the vertical position can be changed and fixed, and the end can be freely removed.
A central shaft 15 is pivotally attached to the center of the support beam C so as to coincide with the axis of the cylinder frame A, and a vertical frame D supported at the bottom of the hole is connected to the center of the cylinder frame A through a connecting member. A moving device F is provided, which is connected to the vertical frame D so as to be vertically movable and fixed at a more displaced position, and stops the vertical frame D from moving along the inner circumference of the cylinder frame A around the central axis.
The cylinder frame A facing the lower end of the cylinder frame A across the center of the cylinder frame A
A ground surface vertical hole excavation device characterized by having a power shovel installed near the periphery of the ground surface.