JPH01316107A - Drill breakage detecting device - Google Patents

Drill breakage detecting device

Info

Publication number
JPH01316107A
JPH01316107A JP63144875A JP14487588A JPH01316107A JP H01316107 A JPH01316107 A JP H01316107A JP 63144875 A JP63144875 A JP 63144875A JP 14487588 A JP14487588 A JP 14487588A JP H01316107 A JPH01316107 A JP H01316107A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
drill
light
optical fiber
top edge
reflected
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP63144875A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yoshifumi Yamashita
山下 敬文
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Corp
Original Assignee
Toshiba Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toshiba Corp filed Critical Toshiba Corp
Priority to JP63144875A priority Critical patent/JPH01316107A/en
Publication of JPH01316107A publication Critical patent/JPH01316107A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/09Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
    • B23Q17/0952Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
    • B23Q17/0957Detection of tool breakage
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B49/00Measuring or gauging equipment on boring machines for positioning or guiding the drill; Devices for indicating failure of drills during boring; Centering devices for holes to be bored
    • B23B49/001Devices for detecting or indicating failure of drills

Abstract

PURPOSE:To surely detect the breakage of a drill having a small diameter by preventing the light reflected on the surface of a rear article from being transmitted into a light receiving fiber by installing a light absorbing body at the back of the drill and allowing the top edge of the drill to be reflected by the reflection type optical fiber. CONSTITUTION:When a slider 5 is positioned at a top dead center, the light reflected from the inlet/outlet edge 9 of a reflection type optical fiber 8 is transmitted towards the top edge part of a drill 1, and contacts the top edge part and is diffusion-reflected, and a portion of the light passes through a light receiving fiber 8b from the inlet/outlet edge 9, and detected by a light receiving element, and it is judged that no bending is generated at the top edge part. When the top edge part is broken, the light transmitted from the inlet/outlet edge 9 contacts the top edge of the drill 1, and passes free from the diffusion reflection, and inputted into a light absorbing body 11, and at least 90% is absorbed, and the light is not input into the reflection type optical fiber 8. Because the light receiving element does not detect light, the top edge of the drill 1 is judged to be broken.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 [発明の目的] (産業上の利用分野) 本発明はドリル等の折損を自動的に検出するドリル折損
検出装置に関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a drill breakage detection device that automatically detects breakage of a drill or the like.

(従来の技術) 通常プリント基板の孔明けはドリルを用いた自動孔明機
で行われる。この孔明工程をNCデータを基に自動で実
施する上で重要なことは、ドリルに損傷や切断などの折
損による異常が発生したことを直ちに検出して、次工程
に進行しないように管理し、孔明加工を停止するように
することである。このドリルの折損を検出する検出器と
しては、従来より(イ)折損による切削トルクの変化で
検出するもの、(ロ)たとえばドリルを取付ける主軸ヘ
ッドにAEセンサーを装着し、このAEセンサーの出力
する信号から検出するもの、(ハ)投光ヘッドから放出
される光ビームを光ファイバーを通してドリルに照射し
、受光ヘッドに入射する光量から光学的にドリルの折損
を検出するものがある。
(Prior Art) Holes in printed circuit boards are usually drilled using an automatic drilling machine using a drill. In order to perform this drilling process automatically based on NC data, it is important to immediately detect any abnormality caused by damage or breakage of the drill such as breakage, and manage the drill to prevent it from proceeding to the next process. The purpose is to stop the drilling process. Conventional detectors for detecting drill breakage include (a) one that detects changes in cutting torque due to breakage, and (b) an AE sensor that is attached to the spindle head on which the drill is attached, and that detects the output of this AE sensor. There are methods that detect the breakage of the drill based on signals, and (c) methods that irradiate the drill with a light beam emitted from the light projecting head through an optical fiber and optically detect the breakage of the drill from the amount of light that enters the light receiving head.

(発明が解決しようとする課題) しかしながら、電子機器の軽全小形化にともなって、こ
れに用いられる回路基板が高密度化し、当然これに装着
される回路素子も小形化しており、必然的にこれらを装
着するプリント基板の取付用孔も小さくなる。すなわち
、従来は直径0.8mm以上であったものが、近年では
0.2〜0.8mmの孔明けが実用化されている。
(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, as electronic devices become lighter and more compact, the circuit boards used in them have become denser, and of course the circuit elements mounted on them have also become smaller. The mounting holes of the printed circuit board to which these are mounted also become smaller. That is, in recent years, holes having a diameter of 0.2 to 0.8 mm have been put into practical use, although the diameter was conventionally 0.8 mm or more.

しかし、上記した検出器では直径0.8mmのドリルの
折損を検出するのか限界であって、それ以下のドリルの
折損を確実に検出することができない。
However, the above-mentioned detector has a limit in detecting a breakage of a drill with a diameter of 0.8 mm, and cannot reliably detect a breakage of a drill with a diameter smaller than that.

すなわち、切削トルクやAEセンサーから出力される信
号はドリルの直径が小さくなると、それにつれて切削ト
ルクやAEセンサーの信号自体が小さくなり、SN比が
低下して検出できなくなる。
That is, as the diameter of the drill becomes smaller, the cutting torque and the signal output from the AE sensor become smaller, and the signal-to-noise ratio decreases, making it impossible to detect.

また、光学的に検出するものには、透視形と反射形とが
あり、透視形においては光フアイバー先端から放射され
る光が約60°の角度で拡散するため、光フアイバー径
よりドリル径が小さくなると正常なドリルによる光路遮
断が不可能となる。近年では光フアイバー径も直径0 
、5 mm程度のものもあるか、このような細径ファイ
バーにおいては、光ファイバーに対し直角方向のずれの
許容値は数100μmであり、光ファイバー軸上からド
リル位置が少しでもずれると検出不能となる。反射形に
おいては、光フアイバー先端から放射される光をドリル
側面で拡散反射させ、反射の一部を受光ファイバーで検
出するのであるが、ドリル後方に物体がある場合、ドリ
ルが折損しても投光ファイバー先端から放射された光が
、その後方の物体の表面で反射し、これを受光ファイバ
ーが受けて、光電変換装置で検出してしまうため、ドリ
ルの折損を検出することが困難となる。特に小径のドリ
ルにおいては、光電変換装置の感度を上げる必要上この
傾向は著しい。
In addition, there are two types of optical detection: see-through type and reflective type. In the see-through type, the light emitted from the tip of the optical fiber is diffused at an angle of approximately 60°, so the drill diameter is smaller than the optical fiber diameter. If it becomes small, it becomes impossible to block the optical path with a normal drill. In recent years, the diameter of optical fibers has decreased to 0.
For such small diameter fibers, the permissible deviation in the direction perpendicular to the optical fiber is several hundred micrometers, and if the drill position deviates even slightly from the optical fiber axis, detection becomes impossible. . In the reflective type, the light emitted from the tip of the optical fiber is diffusely reflected on the side of the drill, and a portion of the reflection is detected by the receiving fiber. The light emitted from the tip of the optical fiber is reflected by the surface of an object behind it, received by the light-receiving fiber, and detected by the photoelectric conversion device, making it difficult to detect breakage of the drill. This tendency is particularly noticeable in small-diameter drills because it is necessary to increase the sensitivity of the photoelectric conversion device.

本発明は上記した問題点を解決するためになされたもの
で、小径ドリルにおいても後方の物体の表面による反射
光が受光ファイバーに入ることを防止し、ドリルの折損
を確実に検出するドリル折損検出装置を提供することに
ある。
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. Even in the case of a small-diameter drill, the drill breakage detection system prevents light reflected from the surface of an object behind from entering the receiving fiber and reliably detects the breakage of the drill. The goal is to provide equipment.

[発明の構成] (課題を解決するための手段) 本発明のドリル折損検出装置は、加工用ドリルによるプ
リント基板の孔明装置にあって、前記加工用ドリルの上
昇端において加工用ドリルの先端を照射し、その折損状
態を検出する反射形光ファイバーを配設するとともに加
工用ドリルの後方に光吸収体を設けたことに特徴を有す
る。
[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) A drill breakage detection device of the present invention is provided in a printed circuit board drilling device using a processing drill, and includes a drill breakage detection device that detects the tip of the processing drill at an ascending end of the processing drill. It is characterized in that it is equipped with a reflective optical fiber that irradiates light and detects its breakage state, and also that a light absorber is provided behind the processing drill.

(作用) 本発明のドリル折損検出装置では、加工用ドリルの後方
に光吸収体を設け、反射形光ファイバーで加工用ドリル
の先端を照射するようにしたので、光吸収体により光の
拡散反射がなくなり、確実にドリルの折損を検出するこ
とができる。
(Function) In the drill breakage detection device of the present invention, a light absorber is provided at the rear of the processing drill, and the tip of the processing drill is irradiated with a reflective optical fiber, so that the light absorber prevents diffuse reflection of light. This makes it possible to reliably detect drill breakage.

(実施例) 以下、本発明の一実施例を第1図乃至第3図により説明
する。第1図はプリント基板孔明機の加工部を示すもの
で、加工用ドリル1は主軸2のチャック3に装着され、
この主軸2はプレッシャフット4内に上下自在に設けら
れたスライダー5に支持されている。この加工用ドリル
1はフットヘッド部6の中空部7内に位置しており、ス
ライダー5の移動によりその中空部7を通じて上下する
ようになっている。また、フットヘッド部6の側壁には
、側壁を貫通して反射形光ファイバー8が設置され、そ
の反射形光ファイバー8の先端の入出射端9はスライダ
ー5が上死点に位置するとき、加工用ドリル1の先端部
分に対して直角に向いている。そしてこの反射形光ファ
イバー8は図示しない光源からの光を投光ファイバー8
aにより入出射端9に導いて、その入出射端9から出射
する投光器を構成している。また同時に、この反射形光
ファイバー8は投光器から出射した光が加工用ドリル1
の先端部に当たり、拡散反射を起した時の反射光の一部
を反射形光ファイバー8の受光部ファイバー8bで受け
、これを図示していない受光素子により電気信号に変換
し、予め決めたしきい値との比較により判断する。すな
わち、この受光素子が反射光を検出したときには、加工
用ドリル1が正常であり、この反射光を検出しないとき
には、加工用ドリル1が折損していることを判別する光
検出器を構成している。そして加工用ドリル1を間にし
て反射形光ファイバー8の入出射端9とは反対側、つま
り加工用ドリル1の後方に位置してフットヘッド部6の
内側壁面の壁体12には光吸収体11が取付けられてい
る。この光吸収体11は黒色ゴム、黒色フェルトなどの
光を反射しない材料からなり、反射形光ファイバー8の
入出射端9より出射された光を吸収する構成になってい
る。一般にプリント基板20の自動孔明機に取付いてい
るフットヘッド部6の内径は10+nu程度であり、第
3図に反射形光ファイバー8の検出距離とドリル径の関
係またはフットヘッド部6の内側の壁体12の位置関係
を示す。
(Example) An example of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. Figure 1 shows the processing section of a printed circuit board drilling machine, in which a processing drill 1 is attached to a chuck 3 of a main shaft 2,
This main shaft 2 is supported by a slider 5 provided in a pressure foot 4 so as to be able to move up and down. This processing drill 1 is located in a hollow part 7 of the foot head part 6, and is moved up and down through the hollow part 7 by the movement of the slider 5. Further, a reflective optical fiber 8 is installed on the side wall of the foot head section 6 by penetrating the side wall, and the input/output end 9 at the tip of the reflective optical fiber 8 is used for processing when the slider 5 is located at the top dead center. It faces perpendicularly to the tip of the drill 1. This reflective optical fiber 8 transmits light from a light source (not shown) to a light projecting fiber 8.
The light is guided to the input/output end 9 by the input/output end 9, and the light is emitted from the input/output end 9. At the same time, this reflective optical fiber 8 allows the light emitted from the projector to reach the processing drill 1.
A part of the reflected light that hits the tip and causes diffuse reflection is received by the light-receiving fiber 8b of the reflective optical fiber 8, which is converted into an electrical signal by a light-receiving element (not shown), and then sent to a predetermined threshold. Judgment is made by comparing with the value. That is, when this light-receiving element detects the reflected light, the processing drill 1 is normal, and when the reflected light is not detected, the processing drill 1 is determined to be broken. There is. The wall 12 of the inner wall surface of the foot head section 6 is located on the opposite side of the input/output end 9 of the reflective optical fiber 8 with the processing drill 1 in between, that is, at the rear of the processing drill 1. 11 is installed. The light absorber 11 is made of a material that does not reflect light, such as black rubber or black felt, and is configured to absorb the light emitted from the input/output end 9 of the reflective optical fiber 8. Generally, the inner diameter of the foot head section 6 attached to an automatic drilling machine for the printed circuit board 20 is about 10+nu, and FIG. The positional relationship of 12 is shown.

次に、上記実施例の動作について説明する。プリント基
板20の自動孔明機を使用するときには、プレッシャフ
ット4を移動し、そのフットヘッド部6をプリント基板
20に当てる。そしてスライダー5とともに加工用ドリ
ル1を降下し、上記プリント基板20に孔を明ける。一
方スライダー5が上死点に位置するとき、反射形光ファ
イバー8の入出射端9より出射された光は加工用ドリル
1の先端部に向けて出射しその先端部分に当たって拡散
反射する。この反射した光の一部は反射形光ファイバー
8の入出射端9からその反射形光ファイバー8に入射し
、受光ファイバー8bを通って図示しない受光素子に導
かれる。そしてこの受光素子により検出され、加工用ド
リル1の先端部分が折損されずにあることを判断する。
Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained. When using the automatic drilling machine for the printed circuit board 20, the pressure foot 4 is moved and its foot head 6 is brought into contact with the printed circuit board 20. Then, the processing drill 1 is lowered together with the slider 5 to drill a hole in the printed circuit board 20. On the other hand, when the slider 5 is located at the top dead center, the light emitted from the input/output end 9 of the reflective optical fiber 8 is emitted toward the tip of the processing drill 1, hits the tip, and is diffusely reflected. A portion of this reflected light enters the reflective optical fiber 8 from the input/output end 9 of the reflective optical fiber 8, and is guided to a light receiving element (not shown) through the light receiving fiber 8b. Then, it is detected by this light-receiving element, and it is determined that the tip portion of the processing drill 1 is not broken.

また、加工用トリル1の先端部分が折損されているとき
には反射形光ファイバー8の入出射端9から出射した光
はそのまま通過し、加工用ドリル1の先端部分に当たっ
て拡散反射することがない。そしてそのまま通過して、
光吸収体11に入射し、入射した光の90%以上を吸収
して光吸収体11にて入射した光を反射することがなく
、従って、反射形光ファイバー8に入射することがなく
、図示しない受光素子に導かれることがないので、この
受光素子は光を検出しないことにより、加工用ドリル1
の先端部分が折損したことを判別する。このように加工
用ドリル1の先端部分が折損したときには受光素子は全
く検出しないことにより確実に判別できる。
Further, when the tip of the processing drill 1 is broken, the light emitted from the input/output end 9 of the reflective optical fiber 8 passes through as it is, and does not hit the tip of the processing drill 1 and be diffusely reflected. And just pass through
It enters the light absorber 11 and absorbs 90% or more of the incident light, and the light absorber 11 does not reflect the incident light, so it does not enter the reflective optical fiber 8, and is not shown. Since the light is not guided by the light receiving element, the light receiving element does not detect the light.
It is determined that the tip of the holder is broken. In this way, when the tip of the processing drill 1 is broken, it can be reliably determined because the light receiving element does not detect it at all.

[発明の効果コ 本発明のドリル折損検出装置によれば、加工用ドリルが
折損した場合その後方の部材の反射光を吸収するように
したので、反射光が受光ファイバーに入射することなく
、したかって加工用ドリルの折損を確実に検出すること
ができる。特に細径のドリルによる多数の孔明は加工を
行うプリント基板においてその効果は大きい。
[Effects of the Invention] According to the drill breakage detection device of the present invention, when a processing drill breaks, the reflected light from the member behind it is absorbed, so that the reflected light does not enter the receiving fiber. This makes it possible to reliably detect breakage of a processing drill. In particular, drilling a large number of holes with a small diameter drill has a great effect on printed circuit boards to be processed.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明の一実施例を示すドリル折損装置の要部
断面図、第2図は第1図に適用する反射形光ファイバー
の斜視図、第3図は反射形光ファイバーの物体検出精度
と検出距離の関係を示す特性図である。 1・・・加工用ドリル、     2・・・主軸、6・
・・フットヘッド部、    7・・・中空部、8・・
・反射形光ファイバー、 9・・・入出射端、]1・・
・光吸収体、  、   12・・・壁体、20・・・
プリント基板。 代理人 弁理士 則 近 憲 佑 同       第  子  丸  健第3図
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of a drill breakage device showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a reflective optical fiber applied to Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 shows the object detection accuracy of the reflective optical fiber. FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between detection distances. 1...Drill for processing, 2...Main shaft, 6...
...Foot head part, 7...Hollow part, 8...
・Reflective optical fiber, 9... input/output end, ] 1...
・Light absorber, 12... wall, 20...
Printed board. Agent Patent Attorney Noriyuki Chika Ken Yudo No. 3 Ken Maru Figure 3

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 加工用ドリルによるプリント基板の孔明装置にあって、
前記加工用ドリルの上昇端において加工用ドリルの先端
を照射し、その折損状態を検出する反射形光ファイバー
を配設するとともに加工用ドリルの後方に光吸収体を設
けたことを特徴とするドリル折損検出装置。
In the drilling device for printed circuit boards using a processing drill,
A drill breakage characterized in that a reflective optical fiber is provided at the ascending end of the processing drill to illuminate the tip of the processing drill to detect its breakage state, and a light absorber is provided at the rear of the processing drill. Detection device.
JP63144875A 1988-06-14 1988-06-14 Drill breakage detecting device Pending JPH01316107A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63144875A JPH01316107A (en) 1988-06-14 1988-06-14 Drill breakage detecting device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63144875A JPH01316107A (en) 1988-06-14 1988-06-14 Drill breakage detecting device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH01316107A true JPH01316107A (en) 1989-12-21

Family

ID=15372416

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP63144875A Pending JPH01316107A (en) 1988-06-14 1988-06-14 Drill breakage detecting device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH01316107A (en)

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