JPH0131559B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Summary] The present invention is a water barrier gel composition comprising about 0.1 to 5% (by weight) water absorbent and about 95 to 99.9% (by weight) water, based on the total weight of the composition. and also relates to a method of applying said water barrier gel composition to a surface for ignition prevention or to protect the surface from fire hazards. TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to compositions and methods for protecting flammable substances. More specifically, this compound stores approximately 99.9 (by weight) of non-flowing water.
%, the thick layer will not flow on vertical surfaces or ceiling surfaces, as well as on horizontal or inclined surfaces. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Ignition of flammable structures, such as bushfires, bushfires, and other trees downwind of the burning structure, typically occurs when embers and sparks are carried by the wind and fall onto the roof. This can be caused by bumping into a wall, falling onto the ground next to a structure, or sticking to a structure. The main method of preventing a structure from being on fire is to spray the roof of the structure with water to moisten the area at risk of ignition. However, often
Inadequate water supply or water pressure, extremely high temperatures, and very low humidity can dry out quickly. Also, many flammable surfaces are not relatively absorbent and therefore retain little water. [Object of the Invention] An object of the invention is to provide a water barrier for fire protection. It is also an object of this invention to comprise a high water content composition that can be applied to horizontal, sloped, or overhead surfaces in thicknesses up to about 1 inch without spilling or sliding. The objective is to provide an effective means of providing a water barrier, acting as a fire extinguishing source, and keeping the temperature of the coated surface below its ignition point. Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to prevent surface ignition characterized by using a layer of water barrier composition comprising about 0.1 to 5% (by weight) water absorbent and about 95 to 99.9% (by weight) water. The purpose is to provide a method to prevent this. The above-mentioned objectives and other objectives of this invention will become clear from the description below. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION It has been discovered that surfaces that may catch fire or be damaged by heat can be protected by applying a high water content composition.
This composition consists primarily of water and small amounts of selected materials from among high performance water absorbers. This type of water absorbent is a granule or powder that has the property of absorbing large amounts of water and expanding several times its initial volume, turning the water into a gel-like, relatively immobile substance. It is. Examples of useful high strength water absorbents include insoluble acrylic acid polymers and mixtures and copolymers thereof and starch-acrylic acid block copolymers. Also available from National Starch,
Permasob10 (Permasob10), Permasob10
29, acrylic acid polymers such as PermaSorb 30, PermaSorb AG, and trade names available from Henkel Corp.;
Mixtures of starch and acrylic acid polymers such as SGP104 and SGP502S, trade names available from Grain Processing;
Also useful are mixtures of starch and acrylic acid polymers, such as Polymer 35-A-100 and Polymer 35-B-100. Other hydrophilic polymers include polyvinylpyrrolidone, sold under the trade name NPK-30, borated dextrin, sold under the trade name Nadex953, and Methocel A4M.
There is methylcellulose sold as (Methocel A4M). Preferred superior absorbent polymers are high molecular weight acrylic acid polymers containing hydrophilic carboxylic acid groups. These polymers are insoluble and swell quickly in water. Moreover, it is sold under the trade name Permasorb. Permasorb 30 is most preferred because it mixes easily and is non-dusty. However, Permasorb AG is also extremely useful. In making water barrier composites, particularly preferred compositions of the invention include 40 to 60% (by weight) water-insoluble acrylic polymer and 40 to 60% (by weight) water-insoluble acrylic polymer.
% of carboxymethylcellulose with low salt content,
Anionic surfactants with low salt content up to 0.5% (by weight), especially under the trade name ``Aerosol OT'' (Aerosol OT)
Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, sold as OT) or trade name Triton X-
100 (Triton X-100), Durban 1 (Darvan1)
or Durban 6, and Daxad 11G (Daxad
11G). In particular, a composite containing almost the same parts by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose and Permasorb 30 containing 0.1 (parts by weight) of aerosol is preferred. The water barrier compositions of this invention can be easily produced by mixing a water absorbent with water in the desired proportions. In practice, the water barrier compositions of this invention are approximately 95 to
The result is a gel consisting of 99.9% (by weight) water and about 0.1 to 5% (by weight) absorbent. The water barrier composite gel used preferably comprises about 98 to 99.9% (by weight) of absorbent and about 0.1 to 2% (by weight) of absorbent. The water barrier compositions of this invention can often be produced at any time prior to their use. but,
Due to the large amount of water it contains, it is very heavy, so to eliminate the expense and inconvenience of transporting and handling the final water barrier composition, a suitable water absorbent may be mixed with the water at the point of use. preferable. Of course, the location of such production will depend on where water is readily available, when it is appropriate, and other factors. Water barrier gel composition of this invention, rotary mixer,
It can be made by physically mixing it in a suitable container such as a barrel. The difficulty of mixing appears to vary depending on the absorbent used. For example, some water absorbents have a tendency to solidify when wet, making mixing operations cumbersome. On the other hand, permasorb
Materials such as 30 or AG are less labor intensive to mix, require shorter mixing times, have less tendency to clump, and can be mixed for about 20 minutes at room temperature to form useful gel compositions. Water can come from any source as long as it does not contain large amounts of salt. For example, if the concentration of ionized salt is low, you can use water from a swimming pool, but seawater contains ionized salts and the resulting gel is unstable, so seawater is recommended. It is not possible. The water barrier gel compositions of this invention can be used in the event of brush fires, such as those that occur in the western United States, by applying shovels, rakes, or other It can be applied to the surface to be protected as a fire barrier by spraying using suitable equipment or by spraying with a hose using suitable pumps. This water barrier compound is applied to the appropriate thickness. The preferred thickness is about 1 to 2 inches. On a sloped surface like a roof,
If the slope is up to approximately 45° to the horizontal,
Usually applied up to a thickness of approximately 2.5 cm. The water barrier composition is also useful for inhibiting heat transfer to prevent the internal temperature of the structure from increasing over a period of time. This water barrier gel composition can also be applied to horizontal or sloping surfaces such as roofs. Sloped surfaces preferably have a slope of up to about 45° to the horizontal, but even surfaces with steep slopes, vertical or ceiling surfaces, where the water barrier compound is applied for a considerable length of time, are preferred. . As long as the resulting gel is sufficiently viscous and synthetic enough to adhere to the application site, it can be applied to vertical surfaces or surfaces with an inclination of more than 45° to the horizontal. , the water barrier compositions of this invention can be used. The relationship between viscosity and temperature for the water barrier compositions of this invention is shown in FIG. In this diagram, 1
(by weight) parts Permasorb 10 or Permasorb
Taking the example of a water barrier composite consisting of AG and 75 parts (by weight) of water, the relationship between viscosity and temperature is
It can be seen that there is a linear relationship in the temperature range from 23.9℃ to 43℃ (75〓 to 110〓). For example, the viscosity of the composite is 38°C compared to 22.2°C (72°).
At 100°C, the decrease is about 33%, but even at 38°C (100°), the viscosity is still high enough to prevent the gel compound from flowing. Next, an example will be given to explain this invention. [Example - XI] Water barrier compositions were prepared by mixing water absorbent and water in weight ratios of 1:75 and 1:150. The physical properties of the resulting gel were measured. The results of the test are shown in the table below.

〔example 〕

A water barrier composition was prepared by mixing 1 part (by weight) of Permasorb AG with 75 parts (by weight) of water. This gel-like compound is applied to cedar roofs.
2.54cm in the 60.96cm x 121.92 (2 x 4 feet) area
It was applied to a thickness of . The roof was soaked with petroleum benzine, then ignited and burned. The parts of the roof that were not coated were completely burnt, but the parts that had the water barrier compound applied did not suffer any damage. [Example] A gel composition similar to that prepared in Example was applied to a portion of a single-layer asphalt roof to a thickness of 2.54 cm. I gathered firewood to burn on the asphalt and single-layered roof. The burning wood in the area that came into contact with the gel compound was quickly extinguished, leaving little damage to its underside. [Example] I repeated the experiments in Example and X. However, the dilution of the water barrier compound was 1:200, and the gel layer was only 1/4 to 1/2 inch thick. In each case, there was almost no damage to the part of the roof where the gel layer was applied. [Example] 1 of superabsorbent polymers such as Permasorb AG
(by weight) and 75 (by weight) parts water was applied in a 2.54 cm thick layer onto a surface with an inclination of up to 30° to the horizontal. The compound remained completely adhered to the site for at least 12 hours. 0.3175 of a gel consisting of 1 part (by weight) of Permasorb AG and 50 parts (by weight) of water.
The 1/8 to 1/4 inch thick layer was left on the vertical wood surface for about 4 hours. Example XI Gel compositions were made using 1 part (by weight) of Permasorb AG and 75, 100, 150, 200 and 250 parts (by weight) of water, respectively. Each gel composition was applied in a 2.54 cm thick layer to a single piece of asphalt roof at a 30° angle to the horizontal. Gels containing 75 parts (by weight) of water are at least 12
It stayed in that area for a while, and there was no flow at all. The gel containing 200 parts (by weight) of water remained in place for over 8 hours with little flow. A gel further diluted, i.e. comprising 250 parts (by weight) of water, may be, for example, 0.00508 m/g.
It ran down the slope at a rapid rate of 1 foot/second, but the approximately 0.3 cm thick gel layer remained on the site for 6 hours. [Example] A gel composition consisting of 1 part (by weight) of Permasorb AG and 75 parts (by weight) of water is applied as a 2.54 cm thick layer onto a piece of asphalt board with a slope of 30° to the horizontal. did. The gel composition did not flow. Next, the gel layer was exposed to the flame of a propane flame lamp.
Despite heating for about 2 minutes, the gel composition did not flow. Example XI The gel composition described in the example was applied in a 2.54 cm thick layer to an asphalt flat roof. The gel composition was heated at a temperature of 49°C (120°C). Its evaporation rate was investigated in the same way as for ordinary water. The gel layer dried after about 48 hours. The remaining dry polymer was rewetted by adding 75 parts (by weight) of water. However, the mixture remained solid for a long time and required a long period of stirring, so that when water was added again, it was not as good as the first one. Example
1 part (by weight) of gel composite A diluted with 1 part water
A comparison was made with Gel Composite B, which was prepared by diluting 100 parts (by weight) of Permasorb 30 with 100 parts (by weight) of water. Both gel composites
2.54cm x 2.54cm vertical wood surface, 2.54cm each on ceiling wood surface, ceiling concrete surface, vertical metal surface
It was applied evenly to a thickness of . In all cases, the composition containing carboxymethyl cellulose and Aerosol OT was superior in adhesion to the composition containing only Permasorb 30. The stability of both gel compounds was investigated after the gel was made.
About the one after 24 hours and the one after one week,
I measured the viscosity at room temperature and compared it. The results are shown in the table below.

〔example 〕

A gel composition prepared by diluting 1 part (by weight) of Permasorb 30 and 1 part (by weight) of polyvinylpyrrolidone, methylcellulose, or borated dextrin with 100 parts (by weight) of water. and 1 part (by weight) of Permasorb. Both gel composites were placed on a 30.48 cm x 30.48 cm vertical wood surface and 2.54 cm on a metal surface and a ceiling wood surface.
It was applied evenly to a thickness of . In many cases, the adhesion of the two-component composition was equal to or better than that of gel composition B. Various changes may be made to the composition of this invention and its manufacturing method without departing from the spirit of this invention.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the relationship between viscosity and temperature for two types of water barrier compositions of this invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing viscosity versus dilution for several compositions of this invention. be. The symbols in the drawings are as follows. A...
Permasorb 10, B... Permasorb 30, C...
SGP502S, D...SGP104, F...Permasorb
AG, G...35-A-100, H...35-B-100.
The dilution of the water barrier compound shown in Figure 1 is 1:
75, and the dilutions shown in Figure 2 are 1:75 and 1:150.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. About 0.1 to 5 selected from the group consisting of water-insoluble acrylic acid polymers, mixtures thereof, copolymers thereof, and starch-acrylic acid block polymers.
(wt)% water absorbent and about 95 to 99.9 (wt)
% water, wherein the water absorbing agent and its amount are selected such that the viscosity of the composition is within the range of 10,000 to 500,000 centipoise. 2. Claim 1 comprising about 0.1 to 2% (by weight) of said water absorbent and about 98 to 99.9% (by weight) of said water, based on the total amount of said composite.
Compounds described in Section. 3. A composition according to claim 1, wherein the water absorbent is selected from the class consisting of water-insoluble acrylic acid polymers, mixtures thereof and copolymers thereof. 4. A composition according to claim 1, wherein the water absorbent is selected from the class consisting of water-insoluble acrylic acid polymers and starch-acrylic acid block polymers. 5 The water absorbent is combined with 40 to 60% (by weight) of a water-insoluble acrylic acid polymer and 40 to 60% (by weight) of a water-insoluble acrylic acid polymer.
of carboxymethylcellulose, 0.5% (by weight)
A composition according to claim 1, comprising a non-cationic surfactant. 6. The composition according to claim 5, wherein the water absorbent is approximately equal weight parts of a water-insoluble acrylic acid polymer and carboxymethylcellulose, and about 0.1% (by weight) of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate. . 7. A composition according to claim 1, wherein the viscosity of the composition is between 100,000 and 200,000 centipoise. 8 Approximately 0.1 to 5 selected from the group consisting of water-insoluble acrylic acid polymers, mixtures thereof, copolymers thereof, and starch/acrylic acid block polymers.
(wt)% water absorbent and about 95 to 99.9 (wt)
% of water, the water absorbing agent and its amount being selected such that the viscosity of the composition is within the range of 10,000 to 500,000 centipoise, as a continuous layer of the object. A method of protecting the surface of an object from fire and preventing fire, characterized by applying a coating to the surface. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the surface of the object is a horizontal plane or an inclined plane with an inclination of about 45° from the horizontal plane. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the inclined surface of the object is at an angle of about 45 degrees or more from a horizontal plane or a vertical plane or the plane of a ceiling. 11 The thickness of the continuous layer of water barrier gel composition is approximately
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the diameter is about 1 to 2 inches. 12. The method of claim 8, wherein the continuous layer has a thickness of about 2.54 cm.