JPH0626622B2 - Fire spread inhibitor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a nonionic water-soluble cellulose ether such as granular hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose and hydroxyethylmethyl cellulose on the surface which is affected by flame contact and radiant heat from a combustion product at the time of fire. , Etc., and a highly water-absorbing resin such as sodium salt of acrylic acid polymer in the form of granules, starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer, etc. were mixed and used, and the gel produced by absorbing water was contacted with the combusted material. When attached to the surface affected by flames and radiant heat,
The temperature inside the gel rises, and nonionic water-soluble cellulose ethers such as hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and hydroxyethylmethylcellulose contained in the gel are thermally gelled, forming a stronger gel layer, and the surface of glass etc. It is a fire spread inhibitor characterized in that a gel layer can be easily formed on a smooth vertical surface.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, as a generally-used means for suppressing flame contact from a combustion product at the time of a fire and spread of heat by radiant heat, a surface affected by the flame contact from the combustion product and radiant heat, We are injecting water intermittently or continuously to cool and suppress the spread of fire.

In addition, as a method for delaying the vaporization of the injected water by radiant heat to prevent the spread of fire, it is composed of an alkali neutralized product of water and an acrylic acid polymer or a copolymer of water, acrylic acid and methacrylic acid. A method using a water gel has been proposed (see JP-A-48-079951).

In this water gel method, it can be easily attached to the outer wall or ceiling surface of a building, etc., but when the temperature of the water gel rises due to radiant heat, the viscosity decreases, and the surface of glass, etc. is a smooth vertical surface. Even if you try to form a gel layer on
Since it slips off, it has been difficult to form a gel layer sufficient in terms of suppressing the spread of fire.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The method for suppressing the spread of fire by pouring water is based on the cooling action of water, but since water has high fluidity, the amount of adhesion is small compared to the amount of pouring water and radiant heat is not generated. Since it vaporizes immediately after receiving it, it is necessary to inject water intermittently or continuously.

In addition, in order to delay the vaporization by radiant heat and maintain the effect of suppressing the spread of fire by cooling, there is a method of gelating water to form a gel layer, but in the case of a building fire, the surface of glass etc. is smooth. A gel layer can be easily formed on a vertical surface,
Furthermore, it is necessary to form a gel layer that does not easily fall off even when it receives radiant heat at a high temperature.

(Means for Solving Problems) In order to solve the above problems at the time of a fire, the present invention has a property of being excellent in adhesiveness and having a property of being thermally gelated by receiving heat, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl in the form of powder or granules. A nonionic water-soluble cellulose ether such as methyl cellulose and the like, which are added and mixed with a super absorbent polymer such as sodium salt of acrylic acid polymer in the form of granules, starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer, and the like. Is a fluid sol at room temperature that does not receive radiant heat when water is mainly absorbed by nonionic water-soluble cellulose ethers such as powdered hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and hydroxyethylmethylcellulose. No layers can be formed.

Therefore, even in a room temperature state where radiant heat is not received, the nonionic water-soluble cellulose ether or the like described above is retained in that case, and even before receiving radiant heat from a combustion product such as a fire, the gel layer As a means for forming the polymer, a highly water-absorbent resin such as sodium salt of acrylic acid polymer having high water absorption / water retention ability and starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer is added.

A gel produced using a drug configured for such a purpose can easily form a gel layer on a vertical surface having a smooth surface such as glass even at room temperature, and the gel layer receives radiant heat. And, the nonionic water-soluble cellulose ether contained in the gel is thermally gelled to form a stronger gel layer, which has the effect of delaying the falling of the gel layer due to the effect of radiant heat. Therefore, it is possible to maintain the effect of suppressing the spread of fire as compared with a gel containing a super absorbent polymer as a main component.

The conditions such as the nonionic water-soluble cellulose ether of the granular material in the present invention, when receiving heat after absorbing water, thermal gelation without thermal decomposition easily, not to impair the adhesiveness,
Further, it can be dissolved in water quickly and uniformly.

Further, the condition of the superabsorbent resin to be added to and mixed with the nonionic water-soluble cellulose ether or the like of this granular material is that it absorbs a large amount of water quickly, does not separate the absorbed water, and has good water retention. It is highly effective and has no toxicity to the human body in handling.

Satisfying these conditions, a non-ionic water-soluble cellulose ether or the like and a fire spread inhibitor consisting of a superabsorbent resin, a gel produced by mixing with water is highly viscous and excellent in adhesiveness, Since it heat-gelates by receiving heat, unlike a gel produced only with superabsorbent resin, it is possible to easily form a gel layer with a high heat-shielding effect on a vertical surface where the surface of glass etc. is smooth. Even if it receives flame contact or radiant heat, the heat-shielding effect will continue due to thermal gelation, so the spread of heat will be suppressed even if cooling is not performed by intermittent or continuous water injection on the heat-receiving surface as in the past. The effect is obtained.

(Example) In order to confirm the thermal gelation state of the gel layer produced by using this fire spread inhibitor, and the heat shield effect, the chemical name: hydroxypropylmethylcellulose was used as the above nonionic water-soluble cellulose ether. Product name: Hi-Metroze (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), as superabsorbent resin to be added and mixed with it, composition: acrylic acid polymer sodium salt, product name: Sumikagel N-100 (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) It was produced by mixing with water in the following proportions,
An example of the effect of suppressing the spread of the gel will be described.

(% By weight) High Metroze 0.5 Sumikagel N-100 0.5 Water 99.0 A gel having the above composition was produced and adhered to plywood and ordinary plate glass to a thickness of 0.5 cm on average for 1 minute. The water-poured sample was used as a test body, and the difference in the heat-shielding effect when heat was applied to both test bodies was examined.

The experimental method is as follows. The heating test furnace shown in FIG. 1 is used, a test piece is placed on the front surface, and the surface temperature of the heat receiving surface in plywood,
For ordinary flat glass, while measuring the backside temperature,
The situation change was observed.

As the heating test furnace, a furnace specified by the fireproof test method for building fire doors (JIS A1311-1975) was used, and the furnace surface temperature was set to approximately 800 ° C.

In the experiment of plywood, as shown in Fig. 2, when comparing the change in the surface temperature of plywood that has been injected with water for 1 minute and the plywood that has formed a gel layer with high viscosity and high adhesiveness, it has high viscosity and high adhesiveness. The temperature rise of the plywood on which the gel layer was formed was slower than that of the plywood that was filled with water for 1 minute.

For plywood that has been infused with water for 1 minute, 50 minutes after 8 minutes from heating
The temperature reached 0 ° C., and the entire surface of the test body became black. However, the surface temperature of the plywood on which the highly viscous and highly adherent gel layer was formed was 70 ° C. even after 10 minutes, and the state of the highly viscous and highly adherent gel layer at this point was nonionic. It was confirmed that the water-soluble cellulose ether and the like of (1) became a heat gel and became cloudy.

The state of the plywood surface under the gel layer after the experiment was the same as the state before the start of the experiment.

Further, in the experiment of the ordinary plate glass, as shown in FIG. 3, the backside temperature change between the ordinary plate glass which was poured with water for 1 minute and the ordinary plate glass on which a gel layer having high viscosity and high adhesiveness was formed was compared.

As a result of this experiment, the temperature of the ordinary plate glass on which the gel layer having high viscosity and high adhesiveness was formed was slower than that of the ordinary plate glass which was water-poured for 1 minute.

In addition, the ordinary flat glass that had been water-poured for 1 minute reached 200 ° C. 3 minutes after heating and cracked and partially dropped.

On the other hand, the ordinary plate glass on which the highly viscous and highly adherent gel layer was formed did not change from the state before the start of the experiment until 6 minutes after heating.

In the present experiment, the thermal gelation temperature of High-Metroze added to this highly viscous and highly adherent gel is 60-
The optimum temperature was about 70 ° C. However, despite the bad condition that the furnace surface temperature was about 800 ° C, the evaporation of the water retained by the superabsorbent resin caused 10 Even after the minute, the temperature in the gel layer was kept at 70 ° C. Even in this result, due to the synergistic effect of the water retention of the highly water-absorbent resin and the thermal gelation of the nonionic water-soluble cellulose ether, A long-term heat shield effect was obtained.

From the results of this series of experiments, a highly viscous and highly adherent gel produced using the main flame retardant was adhered to an object that is susceptible to flame spread under the influence of flame contact and radiant heat from combustion products. In this case, it was confirmed that there was a remarkable effect of suppressing the spread of fire as compared with the conventional method of suppressing the spread of fire.

(Effect of the invention) As described above, according to the present invention, the gel produced by using the flame retardant has a high viscosity and a high adhesive property, and easily forms a gel layer even on a vertical surface having a smooth surface such as glass. In addition, heat gelation occurs even when heat is received, the heat shield effect is maintained, and fire spread can be suppressed.

Therefore, in a fire fighting activity for suppressing the spread of fire during a fire, if the spread inhibiting agent of the present invention is used for a portion with a high risk of spread of fire, compared to the conventional method of suppressing the spread of fire by water injection, an effective spread of fire is achieved with a small amount of water. It has a feature that the suppression effect can be enhanced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an outline of an experimental method for confirming the effect of the fire spread inhibitor of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows the surface temperature change and the furnace surface temperature change of the plywood measured in front of the heating test furnace. FIG. 3 shows the back surface temperature change and the furnace surface temperature change measured by placing the ordinary plate glass in front of the heating test furnace. 1 ... Heating test furnace, 2 ... Test body (plywood 50 cm x 30 cm
× 3mm), ordinary plate glass 70cm × 30cm × 3mm), 3 ...
… Distance from the front of the heating test furnace to the test piece 60 cm, 4 ……
Temperature change of furnace surface, 5 ... Temperature change of plywood poured with water for 1 minute,
6 …… Change in temperature of plywood with highly viscous and highly adherent gel attached, 7 …… Change in surface temperature of furnace, 8 …… Change in temperature of ordinary plate glass poured with water for 1 minute, 9 …… High viscous and adherent Temperature change of ordinary flat glass with high gel attached.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── --Continued from the front page (56) References JP-A-56-157479 (JP, A) JP-A-56-49167 (JP, A)

Claims (1)

[Claims] Claims: 1. Nonionic water-soluble cellulose ethers such as hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and hydroxyethylmethylcellulose in the form of powder and granular acrylic acid polymer sodium salt, starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer and the like A water-absorbent resin is added and mixed, and the resulting gel absorbs water, and when it receives radiant heat from a fire, etc., it receives non-ionic water-soluble cellulose ethers such as hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and hydroxyethylmethylcellulose. Is a heat-gelable product, which can form a stronger gel layer.