JPH01310802A - Method and device for processing crank shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To process a crank shaft with different numbers of crank pins, different phases, etc. by one processing machine by furnishing an automatic chuck, which moves in the direction orthogonal to spindles synchronously, on a pair of rotary tables of the two spindle ends situated oppositely while lying on the same axis. CONSTITUTION:After completion of processing of journals 421-422, rotary tables 17, 18 return to the standard position and stop. In this standstill state, an automatic chuck 25 unchucks a crank shaft 40, and the table 17 turns for the phase angle of the crank pin portion to be processed next, and then the chuck 25 chucks again the shaft 40. Then another chuck 26 unchucks the shaft 40, and the other table 18 turns for the phase angle in the same manner as the one 17, and this chuck 26 chucks again the shaft 40. Because the chucks 25, 26 chucking supporting shaft parts 411, 412 at the ends of this shaft 40 make thereafter simultaneous movement on the face plates of tables 17, 18 for the eccentricity distance of pin parts 432, 434, they rotate coaxially with the spindles 13, 14, so that a machining tool 33 grinds them 432, 434.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for machining crankshafts of automobile engines and various other internal combustion engines.

In a conventional crankshaft, the crank pin portion thereof is eccentric with respect to both end support shaft portions and journal portions serving as a rotating shaft, and the phases thereof are different from each other. The number of crank pin parts tends to vary depending on the number of cylinders.

Conventionally, such machining of a rank shaft has been carried out for the journal portion and the crank pin portion in separate processes using separate processing machines. For this reason, several processing machines were required to process crankshafts with many crank pins.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention The conventional processing method described above is advantageous because it is possible to increase the production efficiency by making each processing machine a dedicated machine when mass producing crankshafts of various models. However, when producing a wide variety of products in small quantities, or as a means of processing crankshafts for prototype machines, there was a problem in that the equipment costs were high.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and it is possible to process various rank shafts with different numbers of crank pin parts, phases, and eccentric distances with one processing machine, and a method for processing rank shafts. The purpose of the invention is to provide a device for the same.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the processing method of the present invention employs the following technical means.

The first two are arranged oppositely on the same axis in the Z-axis
A first rotary table and a second rotary table are fixed to each end of the main spindle and the second main spindle, respectively, and a first automatic chuck and a second automatic chuck are attached to the first rotary table and the second rotary table, respectively. First, the first automatic chuck and the second automatic chuck are fixed at the center of the face plate of both rotary tables, respectively, on the main lN1111 line and the 1751Nl line. When placed in
The reference line that determines the phase of the crank pin portion of the crankshaft to be machined is positioned so that the movement axes of both chucks match, and the support shaft portions at both ends of the crankshaft are attached to the first automatic chuck and the second automatic chuck. chucking the crankshaft with a chuck, and then attaching the crankshaft to the first main shaft and/or second main shaft;
A journal part machining step in which each syringal part is machined by being synchronously rotated by the main shaft, and in a state where the rotation of the crankshaft is stopped at a reference position, first, the first automatic chuck is unchucked, and the first rotation After rotating the table to the phase angle of the crank pin part to be machined next, chuck the support shaft part again with the first automatic chuck, and then unchucking the second automatic chuck,
After rotating the second rotary table by the phase angle, the support shaft portion is chucked again by the second automatic chuck, and then both chucks are moved along the movement axis on the two rotary tables. The crank pin portion is moved at the same time by a distance corresponding to the eccentric distance of the crank pin portion with respect to the both end support shaft portions and the journal portion, and with the crank pin portion and both main shafts positioned coaxially, the crank shaft The crank pin part machining step of machining the crank pin part by rotating the crank pin part by the first main shaft and/or the second main shaft.

Further, the apparatus of the present invention for carrying out the above processing method has two headstocks installed on the bed opposite to each other in the Z-axis direction, and both of the headstocks are installed oppositely to each other on the same axis in the Z-axis direction. At the same time, an automatic chuck is attached to a pair of rotary tables fixed to the ends of the two main spindles so as to be movable in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the two main spindles. The present invention is characterized in that it includes an electric motor that can control synchronous rotation, and a moving device that moves both of the automatic chucks synchronously.

Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. 1st
Figures 1 and 2 show a processing machine that implements the method of the present invention, in which 10 is a bed, 11.12 is a first headstock and a second spindle installed opposite each other in the Z-axis direction on the bed 10. In a machine, the first headstock 11 is necessarily fixed to the bed 10 and the second headstock 11 is fixed to the bed 10.
The headstock 2 is capable of reciprocating on the bed 10 in the Z-axis direction.

Reference numeral 13 denotes a first spindle rotatably supported by the first spindle 11, and is rotated by an electric motor 15 attached to the spindle 11. A second main shaft 14 is rotatably supported on the second headstock 12, and is rotated by an electric motor 16 installed on the headstock 12. It has become.

The first main shaft 13 and the second main shaft 14 are disposed facing each other on the same axis Z in the Z-axis direction, and a first rotary table 17 and a second rotary table 18 are respectively fixed to the ends thereof.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the face plates of both rotary tables 17 and 18 have guide grooves 19 and 20 extending in a direction perpendicular to the spindle axis 7.
A slide device @21.22 is installed that opens and moves along the The slide devices 21 and 22 are configured to be moved simultaneously and the same distance or synchronously by servo motors 23 and 24 attached to the headstocks 11 and 12, respectively.

25 and 26 are a first automatic chuck and a second automatic chuck, and, for example, electric cholera 1 to chuck are suitable.

The first automatic chuck 25 is attached to the slide device 21. On the other hand, the second automatic chuck 26 is attached to the slide device 22 and is disposed opposite to the first automatic chuck 25.

Reference numeral 30 denotes a tool rest, which is installed on the bed 10 so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction. This tool rest 30 includes turret 1 to head 3.
1, and tools 32, 33, . . . for machining a crankshaft 40, which will be described later, are attached to the barrels 1 to 31.

40 is a crankshaft to be machined, and as clearly shown in FIG. 5, four journal parts 421 to 42. Six crank pin parts 431 to 438 having different phases and eccentric distances with respect to the center line (○-O) are provided between these journal parts 42 and 424.

Next, the sequence of steps for machining a crankshaft using the machining apparatus having the above configuration will be explained with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

First, as shown in FIG.
7 and the crank portions 431 to 43. of the crankshaft 40 to be machined in a state where the position is fixed at the center of the face plate of the second rotary table 18 and arranged coaxially with the main shaft axis Z. Both rotary tables 17 and 18 are positioned so that the reference line S that determines the phase of the movement axis of both chucks 25 and 26 matches, and both end support shaft parts 411 and 422 of the crankshaft 40 are connected to the first automatic chuck 25 The second automatic chuck 26 is then re-chucked. In this chucking state, the first spindle 13 and the second
When the main shaft 1/1 rotates synchronously, each journal part 421 to 424 of the crankshaft 40 becomes bidirectional! 1ll
113 and 14, the outer circumferential portion of each journal portion 421 to 424 is turned by the tool 32 provided on the tool post 30.

When the machining of the journal parts 421 to 424 is completed, both rotary tables 17 and 18 return to the reference position shown in FIG. 4(a) and stop.

In this stopped state, the first automatic chuck 25 first unchucks the crankshaft 40 (see FIG. 4(b)), and then the first rotary table 17 unchucks the crankpin part to be processed next (see FIG. 5). 432 and 43.) (in the example of Fig. 4, a phase shift of 120° with respect to the reference line S) (see Fig. 4 (C)), the first
The automatic chuck 25 or the crankshaft 40 is chucked (see FIG. 4(d)). During the rotation of the first rotary table 17, the crankshaft 40 is chucked by the second white moving chuck 2G and maintains the posture of the reference position.

Next, the second automatic chuck 26 or the crank i'1t140
(see Fig. 4 (d) for unchucking), and then the phase angle is rotated similarly to the second rotary table 1B or the first rotary table 17 (see Fig. 4 (e)).
, the second automatic chuck 26 again moves the crank 1li11/I
Check l○ (see Figure 4 ([)).

During the rotation operation of the second rotary table 18, the crankshaft 4
0 is necessarily kept at the reference position when chucked by the first automatic chuck 25.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4(q), both end support shaft portions 41. of the crankshaft 40 are attached. ．． 25 and 26 chucking /112 or both rotary tables 17 and 1
8 along the guide grooves 19 and 20 via the slide devices 21 and 22.
3. simultaneously move by an eccentric distance F. This movement causes the crank pin portions 432 and 143. karyo+It
b It comes to be located coaxially with 13 and 14. Therefore, the crank pin portions 432 and 43. rotates coaxially with the ambidextrous shafts 13 and 14 in conjunction with the synchronous rotation of the ambidextrous shafts 13 and 14, so the crank pin portions 432 and 43. The outer circumferential part of the machine is turned.

Thereafter, the same operation as above is repeated to each crank pin part 431-43. The processing is carried out.

FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the reference positions of both rotary tables 17 and 1B and both automatic chucks 25 and 26, which are opened when processing each of the crank pin parts 431 to 436.

As described in detail, according to the method of the present invention, various crankshafts having different numbers of crank pin portions, phases, and eccentric distances can be machined with one processing machine. Therefore, it is ideal for small-volume production of black products or machining of prototype crankshafts.

Furthermore, the apparatus of the present invention for carrying out the above processing method includes:
It has a relatively simple structure and is inexpensive to manufacture.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a front view of a crankshaft processing machine that implements the method of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a view taken along line 2-2 in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a view taken along line 3-3 in Fig. 1. The arrow view and FIG. 4 are explanatory diagrams of the same machining process, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the reference position of the rotary table and the machining portion of the crankshaft. 11...First headstock 12...Second headstock 13...First spindle 14...Second spindle 17...First rotary table 18...Second rotary table 21.22. ...Slide device 25...First automatic chuck 26...Second automatic chuck 30...Turret post 31...Turret head 32.33...Tool 40...Crankshaft 41, . 422...Both end support shaft parts 421-434...Journal parts 431-436...Crank pin part Patent applicant Mori Seiki Co., Ltd. Same as above
Toyota Motor Corporation = 15- Figure 1

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A first rotary table and a second rotary table are fixed to each end of a first main shaft and a second main shaft, which are arranged facing each other on the same axis in the Z-axis direction, and The first rotary table and the second rotary table each have a
An automatic chuck and a second automatic chuck are mounted so as to be movable in a direction orthogonal to the spindle axis, and first, the first automatic chuck and the second automatic chuck are respectively fixed at the center of the face plates of the rotary tables, and the While the chucks are placed coaxially with the spindle axis, the reference line that determines the phase of the crank pin portion of the crankshaft to be pressurized is positioned so that the axis of movement of both chucks coincides, and the support shafts at both ends of the crankshaft are aligned. the crankshaft is chucked by the first automatic chuck and the second automatic chuck, and then the crankshaft is chucked by the first main shaft and/or the second automatic chuck.
a journal part machining step in which each journal part is machined by being synchronously rotated by a main shaft; and in a state where the rotation of the crankshaft is stopped at a reference position, first, the first automatic chuck is unchucking, and the first rotation After rotating the table by the phase angle of the crank pin part to be machined next, chucking the support shaft part again with the first automatic chuck, and then unchucking the second automatic chuck,
After rotating the second rotary table by the phase angle, the support shaft portion is chucked again by the second automatic chuck, and then both chucks are moved along the movement axis on the two rotary tables. and move the crankshaft at the same time by a distance corresponding to an eccentric distance of the crankpin part with respect to the both end support shaft parts and the journal part, and with the crankpin part and both main shafts coaxially located, A method for machining a crankshaft, comprising a crankpin part machining step of machining the crankpin part by synchronously rotating a first main shaft and/or a second main shaft. (2) A first headstock and a second headstock, which are installed on the bed to face each other in the Z-axis direction, and at least one of which is movable in the Z-axis direction; and the first headstock and the second headstock. Rotatably supported on a stand,
and a first main shaft and a second main shaft arranged opposite to each other on the same axis in the Z-axis direction, and a first rotary table and a second main shaft fixed to the ends of the first main shaft and the second main shaft. a two-rotary table; a first automatic chuck and a second automatic chuck that are movably attached to the first rotary table and the second rotary table in a direction orthogonal to the spindle axis; and the first spindle and the second spindle. an electric motor that can independently and synchronously control the rotation of the first automatic chuck and the second automatic chuck; a moving device that synchronously moves the first automatic chuck and the second automatic chuck; a tool rest that is installed on the bed so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction; Crankshaft processing equipment equipped with