JPH01310526A - Electric double-layer capacitor - Google Patents
Electric double-layer capacitorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01310526A JPH01310526A JP63142152A JP14215288A JPH01310526A JP H01310526 A JPH01310526 A JP H01310526A JP 63142152 A JP63142152 A JP 63142152A JP 14215288 A JP14215288 A JP 14215288A JP H01310526 A JPH01310526 A JP H01310526A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- butyrolactone
- electric double
- gamma
- methyl
- layer capacitor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- GAEKPEKOJKCEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-valerolactone Chemical compound CC1CCC(=O)O1 GAEKPEKOJKCEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- QGLBZNZGBLRJGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydro-3-methyl-2(3H)-furanone Chemical compound CC1CCOC1=O QGLBZNZGBLRJGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical class C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- ALZLTHLQMAFAPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Methylbutyrolactone Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)C1 ALZLTHLQMAFAPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229930188620 butyrolactone Natural products 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Landscapes
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は各種電機器にメモリーバックアップ用等として
用いられる電気二重層コンデンサに関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to an electric double layer capacitor used for memory backup in various electrical appliances.
従来の技術
従来におけるこの種の電気二重層コンデンサは活性炭粒
子をプレス成型したり、適届なバインダーとして練合し
たものを集電体金属上に塗布したり、活性炭繊維上にア
ルミニウムの溶射層を形成して分極性電極とし、この分
極性電極をそれぞれステンレススチールからなる金属ケ
ースに収納し、２つの分極性電極を間に電解液とセパレ
ータを介して対向させ、両金属ケースの開口周縁部をガ
スケットを介して封口して構成していた。Conventional technology Conventionally, this type of electric double layer capacitor is manufactured by press-molding activated carbon particles, kneading a suitable binder and coating it on a metal current collector, or spraying a layer of aluminum on activated carbon fibers. These polarizable electrodes are each housed in a metal case made of stainless steel, and the two polarizable electrodes are placed facing each other with an electrolyte and a separator interposed between them, and the opening periphery of both metal cases is It was constructed by sealing it with a gasket.
ここで電解液は、水溶液系と非水系の２つの系に分類さ
れる。前者は硫酸あるいは水竣化カリウムの水浴液系電
解液である。後者はプロピレンカーボネートやγ−ブチ
ロラクトン等の有機溶媒にテトラエチルアンモニウムの
ホウフッ化塩や過塩素酸塩を溶質とした非水系電解液で
ある。この非水系電解液は、水溶液系のものと比較して
単セル当り２倍以上の耐電圧が得られるために、小形。Here, electrolytes are classified into two types: aqueous and non-aqueous. The former is a water bath type electrolyte of sulfuric acid or hydrated potassium. The latter is a non-aqueous electrolytic solution containing tetraethylammonium fluoroborate or perchlorate as a solute in an organic solvent such as propylene carbonate or γ-butyrolactone. This non-aqueous electrolyte has more than twice the withstand voltage per single cell compared to an aqueous solution, so it is compact.
軽量化が可能である。It is possible to reduce the weight.
代表的な非水系の電解液組成としては、テトラエチルア
ンモニウムテトラフルオロボレートとプロピレンカーボ
ネートが挙げられ、この電解液を使用した場合７０’Ｃ
の高温下で約２０００時間の連続通電電圧印加が可能で
ある。Typical non-aqueous electrolyte compositions include tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate and propylene carbonate, and when this electrolyte is used, 70'C
Continuous voltage application for about 2,000 hours is possible at a high temperature of .
しかし上記と同一構成で８５°Ｃ中で使用した場合、内
部直流抵抗の増加あるいは静電容量の減少が短時間で発
生する。現行の組成で８５°Ｃ中で使用するためには単
セル当りの印加電圧を下げる必要があり、単セルを積層
して使用しなければならならなかった。However, if the same configuration as above is used at 85° C., an increase in internal DC resistance or a decrease in capacitance will occur in a short period of time. In order to use the current composition at 85°C, it was necessary to lower the applied voltage per single cell, and the single cells had to be stacked.
発明が解決しようとする課題
従来の電気二重層コンデンサ用の非水系電解液の、溶媒
として用いられていたγ−ブチロラクトンやプロピレン
カーボネートは、８５°Ｃの高温下で分解電圧が低下す
るために連続電圧印加によって、ガス発生あるいは分極
性電極表面上への反応生成物の付着が発生していた。こ
れが原因となって、著しい内部直流抵抗の増加あるいは
容１の減少を招くという欠点を有していた。Problems to be Solved by the Invention γ-Butyrolactone and propylene carbonate, which have been used as solvents in conventional non-aqueous electrolytes for electric double layer capacitors, cannot be used continuously because their decomposition voltage decreases at high temperatures of 85°C. The application of voltage caused gas generation or adhesion of reaction products onto the polarizable electrode surface. This has the disadvantage of causing a significant increase in internal DC resistance or a decrease in capacitance 1.
本発明は従来技術における上記問題点を解決しようとす
るもので、電解液組成の溶媒の分解電圧を向上させるこ
とにより、高温度下で長時間使用できる電気二重層コン
デンサの提供を目的とする。The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and aims to provide an electric double layer capacitor that can be used for a long time at high temperatures by improving the decomposition voltage of the solvent in the electrolyte composition.
課題を解決するための手段
この問題点を解決するために本発明は、電解液の溶媒に
γ−ブチロラクトンの誘導体を用いるものであり、その
誘導体はα−メチル−γ−ブチロラクトンもしくは、β
−メチル−γ−ブチロラクトンもしくはγ−メチルーγ
−ブチロラクトンである。そして電気二重層コンデンサ
を構成する電極は、分極性電極で対をなしているか、も
しくは、分極性電極と非分極性電極で対をなしているも
のである。Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve this problem, the present invention uses a γ-butyrolactone derivative as a solvent for the electrolyte, and the derivative is α-methyl-γ-butyrolactone or β-methyl-γ-butyrolactone.
-Methyl-γ-butyrolactone or γ-methyl-γ
-Butyrolactone. The electrodes constituting the electric double layer capacitor are polarizable electrodes in pairs, or polarizable electrodes and non-polarizable electrodes in pairs.
作用
従来の電気二重層コンデンサ用の非水系電解液の溶媒と
して用いられていた、γ−ブチロラクトンやプロピレン
カーボネートのもつカルホ′ニル基の酸素と炭素原子は
、酸化環元反応にあずかυ易い。そこで本発明では、ブ
チロラクトンのα位。Function The oxygen and carbon atoms of the carbonyl groups of γ-butyrolactone and propylene carbonate, which have been used as solvents for conventional non-aqueous electrolytes for electric double layer capacitors, are susceptible to oxidative ring reactions. Therefore, in the present invention, the α-position of butyrolactone is used.
β位もしくはγ位に電子供与性のメチル基を導入するこ
とにより、カルボン基の炭素上の電子密度を高くして、
還元されに〈〈シており、このことで分解電圧の同上が
図れる。By introducing an electron donating methyl group into the β or γ position, the electron density on the carbon of the carboxyl group is increased,
Since it is not reduced, the decomposition voltage can be increased.
実施例
（実施例１）
以下、本発明の一英施例による電気二重層コンデンサの
構成を第１図に示す。第１図において分極性電極１とし
て、活性炭繊維の片側表面にアルミニウムの金属層をプ
ラズマ溶射法により導電性電極２を形成して構成し、こ
の分極性電極１を間にポリプロピレン製のセパレータ３
を介して電子的煙路を防止し、電解液を注入した後、コ
イン型のステンレスケース４に上記構成物を入れ、ガス
ケット６で両極を絶縁するとともに封口した。Embodiment (Example 1) The structure of an electric double layer capacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1 below. In FIG. 1, a polarizable electrode 1 is constructed by forming a conductive electrode 2 on one surface of an activated carbon fiber with a metal layer of aluminum by plasma spraying, and this polarizable electrode 1 is sandwiched between a polypropylene separator 3
After preventing an electronic smoke path through a gasket and injecting an electrolytic solution, the above structure was placed in a coin-shaped stainless steel case 4, and both electrodes were insulated and sealed with a gasket 6.
このような構成をしたコンデンサの電解液として表１に
示すものを検討した。表中＆１．２，３が本発明のコン
デンサ、應４，５が従来のものである。The electrolytes shown in Table 1 were investigated as electrolytes for capacitors having such a configuration. In the table, &1, 2 and 3 are capacitors of the present invention, and 4 and 5 are conventional capacitors.
またＡ１〜５において、初期内部直流抵抗値と、８６°
Ｃにて定格電圧（単セルに２．８ Ｖ ）を印加し２０
００時間を経過したコンデンサの内部直流抵抗値及び初
期静電容量値を基準とする静電容量変化率を同じく表１
に示した。In addition, in A1 to A5, the initial internal DC resistance value and 86°
Apply the rated voltage (2.8 V to a single cell) at 20
The capacitance change rate based on the internal DC resistance value and initial capacitance value of the capacitor after 00 hours is also shown in Table 1.
It was shown to.
表１からＡ４＋ ５の従来の電解液を使用したものよ
りもＡ１，２．３のγ−ブチロラクトンの誘導体を溶媒
とする電解液を用いた本発明のコンデンサの特性が良好
であることがわかる。これはγ−ブチロラクトンに電子
供与性のメチル基を導入することにより電気化学的に安
定化したことによる。It can be seen from Table 1 that the characteristics of the capacitor of the present invention using the electrolytic solution using the γ-butyrolactone derivative of A1, 2.3 as a solvent are better than those using the conventional electrolytic solution of A4+5. This is because γ-butyrolactone is electrochemically stabilized by introducing an electron donating methyl group.
（以下余白）
（実施例２）
第２図に示すように分極性電極１として、活性炭繊維の
片側表面にアルミニウムの金属層をプラズマ溶射法によ
り導電性電極２を形成し陽極電極体を得る。この電極体
に陰極電極体としての非分極性電極体６（例えばリチウ
ム）を対向させ、両者の間にポリプロピレン製のセパレ
ータ３を介して電子的短絡を防止し、電解液を注入した
後、コイン型のステンレスケース４に上記構成分を入れ
ガスケット５で両極を絶縁するとともに封口した。(The following is a blank space) (Example 2) As shown in FIG. 2, a conductive electrode 2 is formed as a polarizable electrode 1 on one surface of an activated carbon fiber by a plasma spraying method to form an aluminum metal layer to obtain an anode electrode body. A non-polarizable electrode body 6 (for example, lithium) as a cathode electrode body is placed opposite to this electrode body, a polypropylene separator 3 is interposed between the two to prevent electronic short circuit, and after the electrolyte is injected, a coin is placed. The above-mentioned components were placed in a molded stainless steel case 4, and both electrodes were insulated and sealed with a gasket 5.
この様な構成音したコンデンサの電解液として表２に示
すものを検討した。表２に本発明によるコンデンサの諸
特性を示す。The electrolytes shown in Table 2 were investigated as electrolytes for capacitors with such a sound structure. Table 2 shows various characteristics of the capacitor according to the present invention.
（以下余白）
発明の効果
以上の様に本発明によれば、電解液の溶媒として、α−
メチル−γ−ブチロラクトンもしくは、β−メチル−γ
−ブチロラクトンもしくは、γ−メチルーγ−ブチロラ
クトンを用いると、８５℃の高温中でも長期に渡って安
定な電気二重層コンデンサを得ることができる。(Hereinafter, blank space) Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, α-
Methyl-γ-butyrolactone or β-methyl-γ
When -butyrolactone or γ-methyl-γ-butyrolactone is used, an electric double layer capacitor that is stable for a long period of time even at a high temperature of 85°C can be obtained.
第１図および第２図はそれぞれ本発明の一実施例による
電気二重層コンデンサの断面図である。
１・・・・・・分極性電極、２・・・・・・導電性電極
、３・・・・・・セパレータ、４・・・・・・ステンレ
スケース、５・・・・・・ガスケット、６・・・・・・
非合極性電極。
代理人の氏名 弁理士 中 尾 敏 男 ほか１名／−
一一亦慰役を本
ど−導危宅慰
Ｊ−でハ０レーダー
４〜 ステンシズケース
５−一一方゛ズケー７へ
第１図
第２図1 and 2 are sectional views of an electric double layer capacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention, respectively. 1... Polarizable electrode, 2... Conductive electrode, 3... Separator, 4... Stainless steel case, 5... Gasket, 6...
Non-polarized electrode. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person/-
11. The consolation role is actually led to the home consolation J-.
Claims (6)
重層を利用し、かつ電解液の溶媒としてγ−ブチロラク
トン▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼の誘導体を用い
たことを特徴とする電気二重層コンデンサ。(1) It is characterized by the use of the electric double layer formed at the interface between the polarizable electrode and the electrolyte, and the use of a derivative of γ-butyrolactone (there are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.) as the solvent for the electrolyte. Electric double layer capacitor.
−ブチロラクトン▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼で
ある請求項１記載の電気二重層コンデンサ。(2) The derivative of γ-butyrolactone is α-methyl-γ
The electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1, which is -butyrolactone.
−ブチロラクトン▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼で
ある請求項 １記載の電気二重層コンデンサ。(3) The derivative of γ-butyrolactone is β-methyl-γ
The electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1, which is -butyrolactone.
−ブチロラクトン▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼で
ある請求項 １記載の電気二重層コンデンサ。(4) The derivative of γ-butyrolactone is γ-methyl-γ
The electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1, which is -butyrolactone.
気二重層コンデンサ。(5) The electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the polarizable electrode is made of activated carbon.
項１記載の電気二重層コンデンサ。(6) The electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1, wherein at least one electrode is a non-polarizable electrode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63142152A JPH01310526A (en) | 1988-06-09 | 1988-06-09 | Electric double-layer capacitor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63142152A JPH01310526A (en) | 1988-06-09 | 1988-06-09 | Electric double-layer capacitor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01310526A true JPH01310526A (en) | 1989-12-14 |
Family
ID=15308571
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63142152A Pending JPH01310526A (en) | 1988-06-09 | 1988-06-09 | Electric double-layer capacitor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01310526A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06132165A (en) * | 1992-10-15 | 1994-05-13 | Toho Chem Ind Co Ltd | Electrolyte for driving electrolytic capacitor |
| JP2018164009A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2018-10-18 | ニチコン株式会社 | Electrolytic solution for driving electrolytic capacitor and electrolytic capacitor using the same |
-
1988
- 1988-06-09 JP JP63142152A patent/JPH01310526A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06132165A (en) * | 1992-10-15 | 1994-05-13 | Toho Chem Ind Co Ltd | Electrolyte for driving electrolytic capacitor |
| JP2018164009A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2018-10-18 | ニチコン株式会社 | Electrolytic solution for driving electrolytic capacitor and electrolytic capacitor using the same |
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