JPH0130992B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a tile in which an uneven pattern is formed on the surface layer of the tile by transforming and expanding a thermally transformable substance.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, there are the following three methods for forming an uneven pattern on the surface of a tile. One method is to compression mold the raw material using a mold that has been processed with an uneven pattern in advance, and the second is to extrude it using an extrusion mold that has been processed with an uneven pattern. This is the way to do it. The third method is to press the surface of the molded body material (green material) with a roller having an uneven pattern to form an uneven pattern.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, in the conventional techniques described above, the pattern formed on the mold or roller is fixed in any case, and if the pattern is desired to be changed, a corresponding mold, roller, etc. must be manufactured and prepared separately. It needed to be replaced. For this reason, there are disadvantages of high production costs and troublesome storage and replacement of molds, rollers, etc. In addition, since it is a mechanical process of forming an uneven pattern, the raw material itself requires considerable strength, making it difficult to manufacture with relatively thin regular tiles. Furthermore, there was a drawback in that mechanical loads during molding were applied to the concavo-convex pattern portions having different wall thicknesses, and cracks were likely to occur.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention has been made to improve and eliminate the above-mentioned conventional problems, and aims to provide a tile that can form an uneven pattern without mechanical processing.

Therefore, the means adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems consists of a thermally transformable material layer formed by transformation and expansion of a thermally transformable material that has permeated into the base material on the surface side of the tile; The surface layer of the tile base is swollen by a layer of a magnetic substance, and an arbitrary uneven pattern is formed on the surface of the tile by the surface layer.

[Effect]

The thermally transformed substance that has penetrated into the base material on the surface side of the tile is thermally transformed and expanded during firing, causing the surface layer of the tile base to swell. As a result, an uneven pattern is formed on the tile surface without using mechanical processing means.

〔Example〕

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The tile of the present invention, along with its manufacturing method, will be explained below based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show a tile manufacturing process according to the present invention and a corresponding tile in the middle of the manufacturing process. As shown in the figure, the manufacturing process related to the tile of the present invention includes a forming process A of the tile raw material 1, a pattern forming process B using the thermotransformable substance 2, a coating process C of the glaze 3, a rapid firing process D, and a product manufacturing process. The shipping process is carried out in the order of E. In the next pattern forming step B, a pattern F is formed on the surface 1a of the tile raw material 1 formed in the forming step A using a heat-transformable substance 2 such as oil-based ink. The thermotransformable substance 2 may be either liquid or solid at room temperature, but
The best choice is one that maintains a liquid state or liquefies during warm heating and does not evaporate until the water evaporates at around 100°C. Examples of such inks include oil-based inks rich in CH-rich polymeric substances, such as glycerin, polyethylene glycol, carboxymethyl cellulose, grease, paraffin, oil, and the like as vehicles. In addition, good results were obtained in experiments using these thermally transformable substances 2.

When a liquid substance is used as the thermotransformable substance 2, this substance 2 is added to the tile base 1 during the transition to the glaze 3 application step C or during the application of the glaze 3.
It penetrates into the inside through its own micropores. and,
When firing is performed in the next rapid firing step D, the moisture remaining in the tile green base 1 first evaporates to the outside through the micropores of the green tile base 1 itself up to about 100°C.
Subsequently, the glaze 3 begins to melt and closes the micropores leading to the outside on the side of the raw material surface 1a. Then, when the firing temperature further increases, the green material 1 itself begins to melt from the entire circumferential surface side, and the micropores on the entire circumferential surface are closed. In this state, the dissolution has not yet progressed to the extent that the particles of the tile raw material 1 are bonded to each other. Subsequently, as the firing temperature increases from this state, the thermally transformable substance 2 such as oil-based ink is combusted and vaporized, or thermally decomposed and vaporized, and its volume expands. Here, the entire circumferential surface side of the tile raw material 1 has progressed to solubility and its micropores have been closed, and the thermotransformable substance 2 has been added to the tile raw material surface 1.
It is in a state where it is sealed inside by the vicinity of the surface layer on the a side (the surface on which the pattern is formed).
Therefore, the volumetric expansion of the thermally transformable substance 2 pushes up and swells the entire surface layer G containing green raw material particles on the side of the tile raw material surface 1a on which the pattern F is formed. That is, the pattern F is formed on the tile raw material surface 1a.
It is possible to form a concavo-convex pattern with only the convex portions 1b.

On the other hand, when a solid oil-based ink or the like is used as the thermally transformable substance 2, the state in which the glaze 3 is applied is as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. This solid oil-based ink becomes liquid at the firing temperature at which the glaze 3 and the entire circumferential surface of the tile base material begin to melt in the rapid firing process D, and penetrates into the inside of the tile base material itself through its micropores. is confined near the surface layer as in the previous case, and a similar result is obtained.

By the way, the tile base used in this example is suitably a red base containing a large amount of iron.
The main raw materials are red clay, clay, feldspar, melting agents (talc, limestone, frit, etc.), and the ratio of these ingredients can be changed as appropriate depending on the firing temperature and firing time. In terms of specific quantitative ratios, a raw material containing 45 parts by weight of a mixture of red clay and clay, 45 parts by weight of feldspar, and 10 parts by weight of talc can be exemplified.

In Figure 4, a leaf pattern H is drawn on the surface of a tile base 1 using a commercially available oil used as a lubricating oil for machinery as a thermotransformable substance 2, and the length is 25 m.
This shows Example Product J, which was subjected to rapid firing (approximately 20 minutes) by passing through a firing furnace with a maximum internal temperature of 1125° C. at a rate of 1.2/min. In the case of Example J, the pattern H was a convex part that was more swollen than the tile surface 1a, and within the pattern J, an irregular small uneven pattern was obtained. If this is the case, the pattern will be very variable and the appearance will be excellent. From another point of view, it is extremely easy to change the pattern and create a concavo-convex pattern. In addition, in ordinary firing other than rapid firing, the transformed and expanded material 2 was completely burned or diffused, and the desired uneven pattern could not be obtained.

In addition, in the present invention, the rapid firing temperature and firing time must be determined appropriately depending on the material of the thermally transformable substance 2 such as oil-based ink and the raw material of the tile base 1, and these are uniformly regulated. Therefore, only the example shown in FIG. 4 described above will be described here. However, the basic technical idea of the present invention remains the same as that described based on the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.

Further, in the present invention, it is also possible to omit the glaze application step. In this case, the thermotransformable substance 2 penetrates into the tile raw material 1 and begins to dissolve the entire circumferential surface of the tile raw material, and after clogging the micropores, the material 2
It is sufficient to transform the material to expand its volume and form a bulging pattern.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, in the present invention, when forming an uneven pattern on the surface of a tile, the surface layer of the tile is swollen by utilizing the property of a thermally transformable substance such as an oil-based ink to undergo transformation and expansion. Since the uneven pattern is formed, there is no need to use a mold and roller that previously formed an uneven pattern as in the past, and it is possible to draw a free pattern and swell only the surface layer of the green material in that area. Therefore, the process of forming the uneven pattern is simple, and the pattern can be changed easily and freely. Moreover, since small uneven patterns are formed in the bulging pattern itself, it is also excellent from an aesthetic point of view. Furthermore, since the convex pattern is formed as a bulge while the surface layer of the raw material is melted, it can be formed without applying any mechanical impact, and there is no risk of cracks occurring in the convex portion.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a manufacturing process diagram of a tile according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a perspective view or a cross-sectional view of the tile corresponding to Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a glaze using a fixed heat-transformable substance. FIG. 4, a cross-sectional view of the tile after coating, shows a specific example product. 1... Tile raw material, 1a... Green material surface, 2
...Thermotransformable substance.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Consists of a heat-transformable material layer formed by the transformation and expansion of a heat-transformable material that has penetrated into the base material on the surface side of the tile, and a surface layer of the tile base that is swollen due to the heat-transformable material layer; A tile with an uneven pattern is characterized in that an arbitrary uneven pattern is formed on the surface of the tile.