JPH01309497A - Speaker enclosure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To freely set the constant of air spring damping a speaker vibration system, to eliminate production of distorted sound and to generate ideal sound by providing a bellows sound pressure buffer means to an enclosure having a buffle plate with a speaker unit fitted thereto. CONSTITUTION:Surrounding bodies 2b', 2b'', 2b''', 2b'<4>, 2b'<5> are formed at the back side of a buffle plate 2a with the speaker unit 1 mounted thereto by using a hard material such as a hard synthetic resin to form the enclosure 2 by the buffle plate 2a and the surrounding bodies, an open ridge 5b of the bellows 5 whose upper face is closed and whose lower face is opened being a bellows sound pressure buffer means is fitted to the upper face 2b' of the enclosure 2 and a communication hole 6 communicating to the inside of the bellows 5 is formed to the upper face 2b' of the enclosure 2 in the bellows 5. The speaker load is made variable from a characteristic nearly similar to an infinite buffle till the characteristic of the closing system depending on the length of the bellows 5, strength of spring and loss of sound pressure.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION Industrial Field of Application The present invention relates to a speaker enclosure having means for damping sound pressure.

Conventional Technology The essential problem with speaker enclosures that ideally have infinite power is how to deal with the sound pressure toward the rear of the infinite power board. Various methods have been proposed that have been devised regarding the sound pressure processing.

Typical methods include the closed system shown in Figure 27, the bass reflex system shown in Figure y, and the drone cone system shown in Figure 29. 30 Figure 1 Shown here (1)
- There is a Claude Horn method.・Threflex system, drone cone system, and pack load horn system are designed to make effective use of the sound pressure emitted from the back of the speaker (1a), and are equipped with an opening ( 3
) or drone cone (4), it is efficient in the bass range and produces a so-called clear sound, but the air needed to damp the speaker vibration system becomes weaker and the vibration system is less open. Because it has a resonance frequency determined by the diameter and/or duct length and/or drone cone, it tends to produce a dull or discolored sound. Naka's typical sealed system is an acoustic suspension system that uses a large amount of sound-absorbing material to prevent the sound that comes from behind the speaker (1a) from escaping. Speaker fi with a low minimum resonant frequency (f.) due to the air spring
There are air suspension systems that support the + vibration system. Although these closed types rarely produce unrestricted bass, they do generate resistance that impedes the recording of the paper cone (1b), resulting in blocked sounds, resonance of the air springs and excessive bounce, and noise caused by the enclosure. = There was a tendency for the sound to become distorted due to the standing waves in (2).

Problems to be Solved by the Invention The present invention solves the problems of standing waves within the enclosure.
It is possible to freely set the air constant that dampens the speaker vibration system, and therefore, it is possible to freely set the constant of the air force that dampens the speaker vibration system. It is possible to produce ideal sound without producing a discolored sound, or with no clogged sound in a closed system, no excessive sound bounce due to air springs, and no distorted sound. Its purpose is to provide speaker enclosure equipment.

[Structure of the Invention] Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention has a structure of a speaker enclosure in which a bellows-like sound pressure damping means is provided in an enclosure having a baffle plate to which a speaker unit is attached. It is something.

That is, the present invention provides a bellows-like sound pressure damping means formed from an elastic material such as synthetic resin, which has appropriate internal loss, constants, and responsiveness, to any part of the speaker enclosure. By providing the sound pressure from the rear of the speaker with the bellows-like sound pressure damping means, the 40-square sound pressure damping means has a constant constant corresponding to the pitch of air from an infinite distance. According to
If the degree of sound pressure buffering is the same as infinite Batsuful, then
If a somewhat bouncy sound like that of a sealed enclosure is required, the sound quality can be adjusted by using Juku Rose's elastic elasticity or a large bellows-like sound pressure damping means, and the sound pressure from the speaker can be adjusted. Standing waves can be attenuated by creating a structure in which the vibration is concentrated on a bellows-like buffer provided partially in the enclosure, or by creating a structure in which the bellows-like buffer occupies most of the enclosure. There is something like this↑.

Embodiment 1 Embodiment 1 This is an embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, in which a hard synthetic resin or other hard material is used behind the baffle & (2a) to which the speaker unit (1) is attached. The enclosure (2b) (2b) (2b ) (2b ) (2
By forming b), an enclosure (2) is formed by the two tuffle & (2a) and the surrounding body, and a bellows-like sound pressure damping means is provided on the upper surface (2b',) of the enclosure (2). Attach the open edge (5b) of the bellows (5) whose upper surface is closed at a certain point and release the downward force 2, and close the enclosure (5b) in the bellows (5).
2) has a communication hole (6) formed in the upper surface (2b) thereof to communicate with the inside of the bellows (5). (5a) is the upper closing part of the bellows, (1a) is the speaker body, (
1'b) Cone paper forming the Hasbeaker unit (1), (IC) is the same center cap, (16) is the connection, (1θ) (If) is +, -Kari V. The bellows (5) is made of, for example, synthetic resin, which has an appropriate internal loss for the sound pressure coming out behind the speaker body (la), and has a spring constant and response suitable for the sound pressure of the speaker. It is made of an elastic material.

In the above embodiment, the sound pressure at the rear of the speaker body (1a) enters the bellows (5) through the communication hole (6) and expands and contracts the bellows (5), resulting in a pressure of 30H2 to 200H.
The sound pressure of the low range sound of 2 is buffered and absorbed by the piston movement due to the expansion and contraction of the 40-Z (5), and the sound pressure of the mid range sound of 200H2 to 3KH2 is due to diffuse reflection and minute vibrations due to the folds of the bellows (5). buffered and absorbed. Therefore, the length of 40's (5),
Depending on the strength of the spring and the degree of sound pressure loss, the load on the speaker can be varied from characteristics similar to those of an almost infinite baffle to those of a sealed system. In order to achieve the appropriate loss of sound pressure, a small hole (not shown) should be provided in the closing part (5a) of the bellows (5), or a hole (not shown) should be provided in the closed part (5a) of the bellows (5).
It is conceivable to change the material to a material with slightly l...temperature. Examples of materials for the bellows (5) include paper, soft synthetic resin sheet, hard synthetic resin sheet, metal sheet,
Other single materials suitable for R-Rose or composite materials thereof are used.

In addition, in Fig. 3, the bellows (5) is attached to the enclosure (2) by attaching the open edge (5b) of the bellows (5) to the periphery of the communication hole (6) provided in the upper surface (2b) of the enclosure (2). The bellows (5) can be removably attached to the enclosure (2) as described in their explanation of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 7. You can also attach it. (5C) is an open part.

2nd embodiment...This is the νξ embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, and a hard synthetic resin or other rigid Depending on the material, the enclosure (2b) (2b ) (2b ) (2b
) (2b), the gutsuful plate (
2a) and the surrounding body form an enclosure (2), and bellows (5) (51) similar to the first embodiment are attached to both left and right sides of the enclosure (2), respectively. .In Figures 8 and 9, the same reference numerals as in Figures 1 to 3 indicate the same parts.In order to obtain an appropriate internal loss of the sound pressure coming out behind the speaker body (1a), The means of bellows +5
1 (5) is also configured in the same way as in the first embodiment,
The sound pressure buffering and absorbing effects for low-range sounds and mid-range sounds are also the same as in the first embodiment. In addition, bellows +51 (5) and enclosure (
For installation with 2), use the y example shown in Figure 3 or 0) 21q described below.
: Same as the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 7. Third embodiment: This is the embodiment shown in FIGS. 10 to 13, and shows a portable speaker enclosure. In the above embodiment, an enclosure (2b) with an open rear surface is formed behind the nototsufuru board (2a) to which the ski car unit (1) is attached, and the above-mentioned An enclosure (2) that can be opened and closed is constituted by a lid (8) whose edge is hinged to the rear open part of the enclosure (the force is attached to one edge of the enclosure). 2a), the opening 1 (5b) of the bellows (5) similar to the first embodiment is fixed or detachable by adhesive or other means so as to cover the speaker unit (1) protruding toward the back side. Attach. When using the speaker (1a), open the lid (8) as shown in Figure 12, and when carrying it, close and secure the lid as shown in Figure 13. (9) is a hinge; Section 0) is a closed state holding member. In Myeonyo Figure 10 to Figure 1:3,
The same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 to 3 indicate the same parts as in FIGS. 1 to 3. The construction of the bellows (5) using a material with a constant constant and responsiveness suitable for This is similar to the example.

The bellows (5) and the enclosure (2) may be fixed with adhesive or may be detached using screws or the like.

Fourth embodiment: This is an embodiment shown in FIGS. 14 to 16. In this embodiment, inside the enclosure (2) shown in FIG. A communication hole (6) communicating with the opening (5C) of the bellows (5) is provided in the partition plate (+1), and a rear chamber (B) is provided on the rear surface (2b) of the enclosure (2). ), forming a through hole communicating with the communicating hole (6) in the rear chamber (B).
Attach the opening 1 (5b) of the bellows (5) to the periphery of the bellows (5).

M: In Figures 1.4 to 16, the same symbols as in Figures 1 to 3 indicate the same parts as in Figures 1 to 3. Similar to the first embodiment, the bellows (5) can be constructed using a means for obtaining an appropriate internal loss, a spring constant suitable for the sound pressure of the speaker, and a responsive material. The sound pressure buffering and absorption effect for mid-range sounds is also the same as in the first practical example. Nao Bellow:! The attachment of (5) and enclosure (2) is made removable as shown in the examples of additions shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, which are fixed with adhesive. No. 4
In the actual example, the rear chamber (B) with bellows (5) installed
The through hole (I2
Since the bellows (5) is formed, the expansion and contraction of the bellows (5) due to sound pressure becomes more sensitive.

Fifth embodiment...An embodiment shown in FIG. 17,
Speaker body (2) Nonotsu full board (2
, a), the enclosure (2) is formed into a shape by the nototsufuru board (2a) and the enclosure, and the speaker unit (1) is inside the enclosure (2). A horizontal partition plate (131) is provided above, and the inside of the enclosure (2) is divided into two upper and lower chambers (OXD) by the partition plate (+31), and an open part α is provided in the circumferential direction of one of the royal rooms (A).・Form 0. Partition plate (131
A relatively large diameter communication hole (6) is formed in the upper chamber (A) to communicate the upper chamber (A) with the royal chamber (B), and a bellows (5) is formed around the communication hole (6) in the upper chamber (A). ) attach the open edge (5b). Seen in Seedling Figure 17.

The same reference numerals as in Figs. 1 to 3 indicate the same parts as in Figs. Similar to the first embodiment, the bellows (5) is constructed using a material with a constant constant and responsiveness suitable for the sound pressure, and has a sound pressure buffering and absorbing effect for low-range sounds and mid-range sounds. This is also the same as in the first embodiment. Furthermore, bellows (5) and enclosure (2)
For installation, please use the communication hole of the partition plate α as shown in Fig.
In addition to the means of gluing the open edge (5a) of the bellows (5) around the bellows (5), there are also cases where the bellows (5) is made removable as shown in the mounting examples shown in Figures 4 to 7 described below. In the fifth embodiment, an open part 0 is formed in the circumferential direction of one of the upper chambers (A) in which the bellows (5) is provided, so that the expansion and contraction of the bellows (5) due to sound pressure is sensitive. Become.

Sixth embodiment...The embodiment shown in Fig. 18 has a baffle plate (2
The enclosure (2b) (2b ) (2b ) (2b ) (2b
), the baffle plate (2a) and the enclosure form an enclosure (2), and a reflection plate α9 is provided obliquely at the rear upper part of the enclosure (2).

A relatively large-diameter communication hole (6) is formed in the bottom surface (2b) of the enclosure (2) to communicate with the inside of the bellows 4), which will be described later, and a flanged bellows mounting ring (119) is fitted into the communication hole (6). Then, fit the open edge (5b) of the bellows a to the mounting ring αQ by circumscribing or inscribing it, and tighten the screw 0.
7) Removably fixed bellows, :2? (5
A small hole a8 is provided in the closed portion (5a) of the speaker unit (1) to reduce the load on the speaker unit (1), or the bellows itself is made of a breathable material. Bellows (
The closing portion (5a) of 5) projects toward the periphery, and the diameter or cross-sectional shape of the bellows (5) is changed little by little. ■
has a light source chamber inside the enclosure, and may use fluorescent paint. The bottom of the enclosure (2) (
A transparent window (2) with an output level scale is provided on either or both of the legs (21Qυ) provided in the leg portion (21Qυ), and the edge (5a) of the protrusion of the closing portion (5a) is passed through the transparent window C2. You can directly assess back pressure by looking at it.

Seventh embodiment...This is an embodiment shown in FIG. 19, in which the baffle & (2a
) is formed with a bottom plate (2b) that bends backwards, and the bottom plate (2a) is formed on the back side of the speaker body (2a).
The open edge (5b) of the bellows (5) is formed into a truncated conical shape so that the diameter gradually decreases surrounding the outside of (+)
Fix it with adhesive or screws, etc., and attach the buckle plate (
The enclosure (2a) and bellows +5)
) to form.

Eighth embodiment...This is an embodiment shown in FIG. 20, in which the baffle plate (2
An enclosure (21)) (2b) (21) ) (21) ) (2) is made of hard synthetic resin or other hard material behind a).
b) By forming a baffle & (2a) and the enclosure, an enclosure (2) is formed, and a bellows whose diameter gradually decreases as it reaches the closing part (5a) is provided on the rear surface of the enclosure. (5) Obstruction part (5a
) is recessed so that it is located inside the enclosure (2), and the opening direction w (sb) of the bellows (5) is reduced.

Embodiment 9J: This is an embodiment shown in FIG. 21, and this embodiment is continuous with the closing part (5a) of the bellows (5) in the 8th embodiment shown in FIG. 20. The bellows (5
) shows an embodiment in which a small bellows (50) is formed that protrudes outward from the inside.

10th embodiment...There is an embodiment shown in FIG. 22, and the bellows 15) of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. A through hole (I3 is a small hole, α1) formed in a conical shape and communicating with the rear chamber (B) provided on the rear surface (2//) of the enclosure (2) is a partition plate.

11th Example...An example shown in FIG. 23,
Baffle plate (2a) with speaker unit (1) attached
), a baffle plate (5
) and horn-shaped enclosure 123) make up the enclosure (
2), the lower part of the enclosure (2) is surrounded by a box (C) having a small hole (C) in the bottom surface (25a), and the box Q is continuous with the lower part of the enclosure (2) within the box Q. to form a bellows (5) having a closed base (5a) facing downward, and the closed part (5a) of the bellows (5) is attached to the small inner bottom surface (25a') of the box (c) by means of a spring (a)). This shows an example in which the ball was stopped around the hole (c).

12th embodiment...There is an embodiment t shown in FIG. 24,
Baffle plate (2a) with speaker unit (1) attached
) behind the enclosure (2T:+)(21))(2t) )
(2111) (2b) is continued to form an enclosure (2) from the full board (2a) and four autopsy bodies, and the upper surface of the enclosure (2) (the recessed part C77 for four people below 2b) is provided. , a communication hole (6) communicating with the inside of the enclosure (2) is provided in the recess Mr. J (27a),
A truncated conical bellows (5) whose diameter gradually becomes smaller toward the top is installed on the recess (27a) and around the communication hole (6), and the bellows (5) A plate-shaped or mobile (4)
is fixed, and as the bellows (5) expands and contracts, the plate-shaped or Mopil head vibrates up and down, creating a certain eye-catching effect.

13th embodiment...The embodiment shown in FIG.
There is a sound-absorbing material f held in the bellows f51 which is defeated by tS, (7) is a spring receiving frame, and Gυ is S.

The sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 18, the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 19, the eighth embodiment shown in FIG. 20, the ninth embodiment shown in FIG. 21, the tenth embodiment shown in FIG. 22, and the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. In the 11th embodiment, the 12th embodiment shown in FIG. 24, and the 13th embodiment shown in FIG. A means for obtaining excessive internal loss of the sound pressure coming out behind the speaker (1a), a spring constant that passes the sound pressure of the speaker, and a responsive composite material are used to create the bellows (5
) is also similar to the first embodiment, and the low-frequency sound,
The sound pressure buffering effect for mid-range sounds is also the same as in the first embodiment.

Except for the eleventh embodiment shown in FIG. 23, the open part (5C) of the bellows (5) and the enclosure (
2), or the open part (5C) of the bellows (5) and the dividing plate -
) or 03) is fixed by adhesive, or
For example, there are removable attachment means shown in FIGS. 4 to 7. That is, in FIG. 4, the open edge (5b) of the bellows (5) is bent outward into a substantially U-shape, and the U-shaped portion (5d) is formed into a communication hole provided in the enclosure (2) or the dividing plate U or a3. (6
) is removably fitted to the edge of the In FIG. 5, the open edge (5b) of the bellows (5) shown in FIG. 4 is extended inward to form an inwardly extending portion (5b). 6th
The figure shows a communication hole (6) where the open edge (5b) of the bellows (5) is connected to the enclosure (2) or the dividing plate aυ or 0.
Place the ring-shaped stopper (screw 03 through 34) on the periphery of the
is screwed and crimped onto the enclosure (2) or the partition plate side or 131. Figure 7 shows the enclosure (2) at the periphery of the communication hole (6) in the state shown in Figure 4.
) My father is a ring-shaped abutment (9) from the back side of the dividing plate αυ or (131), and the screw (to) is screwed into the enclosure (2) or the dividing plate (IJ) or (13) and fixed by crimping.41゜Function...The function of the present invention can be explained using the equivalent circuit shown in Fig. 26 as follows.The sound pressure from the rear of the speaker unit (1) is as follows:
(2) Air spring in volume (CMo1) [M,)
However, when this is added in series, the lowest resonant frequency B. ] will go up. The increased minimum resonance frequency (f.) is the volume (C) in the bellows (5).
It will be further damped by an air spring (M2) in Mo2). The sound pressure of the low-range sound is buffered and absorbed by the expansion and contraction movement of the bellows (5), that is, the piston movement, and the sound pressure of the mid-range sound is absorbed by the diffused reflection by the folds of the bellows (5). I L.

The sound pressure and impact strength of the bellows (5) should be the same as that of an infinite baffle, and if a somewhat bouncy sound like that of an eave-closed enclosure is desired, the elasticity of the bellows (5) should be slightly lower. The sound quality is improved by using a large bellows-like sound pressure damping means, and the sound pressure from the speakers is further reduced by the enclosure (
2) The sound quality is adjusted by providing a bellows-like sound pressure damping means partially provided in the enclosure (2), and furthermore, the sound pressure of the speaker unit (1) is adjusted by the bellows-like sound pressure damping means partially provided in the enclosure (2). The standing waves are caused to wave by creating a structure in which they are concentrated, or by creating a structure in which a bellows-like buffer occupies most of the enclosure. FIG. 31 is a graph showing the impedance characteristics and sound pressure frequency characteristics of the present invention, and the sound pressure characteristics are 500H2
A graph showing that the sound pressure in the bass range below 13 is increased around 2.5 decibels, and Figure 32 shows the acoustic characteristics of a known sealed speaker enclosure that does not increase the sound pressure in the bass range below 5-00H2. It is a graph of the state.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The present invention prevents standing waves from forming within the enclosure.
The constant of the air spring that dampens the speaker vibration system can be set freely, so it is possible to produce smooth and colored sounds like the bass reflex method, drone cone method, and pack road horn method. It is possible to provide a speaker enclosure that can produce an ideal sound without generating any noise, and without generating blocked sound in a closed system, excessive sound splashing due to resonance of air channels, or distorted sound. effective.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

In the drawings, FIGS. 1 to 26 show embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a plan view of the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a front view, FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view taken along line x-x' in FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the second embodiment of the present invention.
A vertical cross-sectional view of Y', FIG. 10 is a plan view of the third embodiment, and FIG.
1 is a front view, FIG. 12 is a vertical sectional view of FIG. 10 z-z' in the third embodiment with the lid open, and FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 10 Z-z with the third embodiment in the lid closed state. FIG. 14 is a plan view of the fourth embodiment, FIG. 15 is an orthogonal view of the fourth embodiment, FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of M along line P-P' in FIG.
Fig. 7 is a vertical 1 m view of the fifth embodiment, Fig. 18 is a longitudinal sectional view of the sixth embodiment, Fig. 19 is a longitudinal f-plane view of the seventh embodiment, and
0 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the eighth embodiment, FIG. 21 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the ninth embodiment, and FIG. 22 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the tenth embodiment.
24 is a longitudinal sectional view of the 11th embodiment, FIG. 25 is a longitudinal sectional view of the 13th embodiment,
Fig. 26 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the present invention, Fig. 27 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a known sealed type speaker enclosure, Fig. A is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a known bass reflex type speaker enclosure, and Fig. 29 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a known sealed type speaker enclosure. 30 is a longitudinal sectional view of a speaker enclosure of the drone cone type; FIG. 30 is a longitudinal sectional view of a known pack load horn type; FIG. 31 is a graph showing the impedance characteristic curve of the present invention;
The figure is a graph showing an impedance curve of a known sealed speaker enclosure. tt+...Speaker unit, (2)...Enclosure, (2a)...Nogutsu full board, (5)...
・Bellows. ■ [F] Seiya &

Claims (1)

[Claims] A speaker enclosure in which a bellows-like sound pressure damping means is provided on an enclosure having a butt-full plate to which a speaker unit is attached.