JPH0130797B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method of operating a fermentation tank for composting municipal waste, sewage sludge, stock waste, agricultural waste and other organic waste. .

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, composting of organic waste, etc. is usually done by storing the material (composted material) for a certain period of time, and during that period, stirring at appropriate intervals while supplying an appropriate amount of air from the floor surface, and turning the material back and forth. This is done by conducting a manipulation and promoting aerobic fermentation. Furthermore, although air supply from the floor may be omitted, stirring is an essential operation for reasons such as homogenization of the composted material, uniformity of aeration, and substantial expansion of the aeration surface area.

In order to make the composting operation continuous, a function to transfer the composted material in a fixed direction at the same time as the above-mentioned stirring is required, and for this purpose, a stirring device with a rotating paddle that can perform stirring and transfer at the same time is required. Akira
The invention disclosed in Publication No. 58-45182 and the like has been made.

The present invention uses a rotating paddle-type stirring device that has the function of transporting composted material in substantially the same direction by stirring, along a zigzag-like trajectory having components in both directions, approximately perpendicular and parallel to the direction of transport of the composted material. By moving the compost, the entire composted material is stirred and transferred.

That is, the principle of such a composting operation will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. Reference numeral 1 denotes a rotating paddle type stirring device which has both the function of locally transporting composted material over a short distance (referred to as the composted material moving distance) in the direction of arrow 2, and the function of stirring.
The agitation device 1 starts its movement from a starting point 4 near the compost outlet end 3 and is moved by arrows 5 and 5' indicating a lateral movement approximately perpendicular to the compost transfer direction of arrow 2, as well as in a parallel direction. If one moves along a zigzag trajectory as shown, consisting of arrows 6 and 6' indicating movement over a short distance in a longitudinal direction, and reaches an end point 8 near the input end 7 of the raw material, all the compost has been removed. The composted materials are transferred by the transfer operation accompanying the stirring of the stirring device 1 as described later, and the composted materials are transferred from J→discharge, I→
The compost is sequentially moved from J, H to I, .

In this way, by sequentially moving the rotary paddle-type stirring device 1 in the transverse direction to stir and transfer the composted material in the opposite direction to the transfer direction of the arrow 2, the entire amount of the composted material is kept in the fermenter 11. The compost is transported while stirring, and the compost is transferred from the outlet end 3 to the compost carrying device 14.
be discharged sequentially.

The stirring device 1 that has reached the end point 8 stops stirring,
From the door 10 provided in the partition wall 9, it moves to a passage 12 (where no compost exists) separated from the fermentation tank 11 by the partition wall 9, returns in the direction of the arrow 13, and reaches the starting point 4 again.

For example, by doing this once a day, the raw materials input to A will be changed to A→B→C→……→I→
Fermentation takes place during the 10-day journey with J, and then it is discharged.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, this rotary paddle type stirring device 1 is suspended from a body 21 that can run in the lateral direction of the fermenter 11 on a pedestal 20 that runs in the vertical direction of the fermenter 11. The rotary paddle 22 is configured to splash and move the composted material in the direction of arrow 2 backwards with respect to the longitudinal direction of movement within the fermenter 11 (arrow 15).

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In such a conventional method, a turning operation of stirring the entire fermenter 11 and moving the composted material is usually performed at a frequency of about once a day. Therefore, the composted material in a certain portion of the fermenter 11 will be turned over by stirring once a day.

This frequency of turning operations is a very effective method for raw materials with a high organic content or during periods of active fermentation in the early stages, but conversely, for raw materials with low organic matter or during the late ripening stage, fermentation and decomposition rates are very low. During the slow period, as shown by the dotted line in Figure 4, the temperature is lowered and the fermentation temperature may drop, resulting in insufficient fermentation. It had a point.

In addition, an automatic turning system disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 54-91477 has been invented as a system that can adjust the turning frequency, but in this system, multiple rows of yards are arranged by partition walls in a direction perpendicular to the direction of transfer of the compost. Each row yard is equipped with a turning device consisting of a raking device, a cross-feeding conveyor, and a forward and backward moving device that runs on the bulkhead, and each row yard is turned in a staggered manner. It was difficult to maintain and manage, and it was often difficult to obtain the desired turning frequency.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the conventional methods, and provides a method for operating a fermenter that can always easily obtain an appropriate desired switching frequency for fermentation, and that is easy to maintain. The purpose is to

[Means to solve the problem]

The present invention, as a means to solve the above problems,
Equipped with a rotating paddle that can straddle the fermenter in which the compost is deposited and move back and forth in directions substantially perpendicular and parallel to the direction of transfer of the compost, and that bounces and transfers the compost from the raw material inlet end to the compost outlet end. In a method for operating a fermenter in which composting is carried out by moving a stirring device to stir a composted material and transferring the composted material from the inlet end to the outlet end, the method comprises: Up to n unit areas parallel to the compost transfer direction (n is an integer of 2 or more), and the following (A), (B), (C),
(D) and (E), namely: (A) The composted material is stirred and transferred over all unit areas of the fermenter while reciprocating the stirring device across the entire width of the fermenter, and each unit is Empty only the small area at the inlet end of the area, (B) supply raw materials to the small area at the inlet end of the first unit area, and discharge compost from the small area at the outlet end by a stirring device, ( C) Supply raw materials to the small area at the inlet end of the next unit area, and discharge the compost from the small area at the outlet end using a stirring device, (D) Apply the above operation (C) to the next unit area sequentially. , (E) sequentially performing the operations of supplying raw materials to a small area at the inlet end of the n-th unit area and discharging compost from a small area at the outlet end by a stirring device at predetermined time intervals, It is an object of the present invention to provide a fermenter operating method characterized by repeating this process.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described using the drawings.

The fermenter 11 and stirring device 1 are similar to those shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.

As shown in FIG. 5, the entire area inside the fermenter 11 is parallel to the compost transfer direction (arrow 2), extending from the raw material inlet end 7 to the compost outlet end 3 (n in this figure).
= 3, but n may be an integer of 2 or more) unit areas 31, 32, and 33.

Each unit area 31, 32, 33 is further moved in the direction of transfer of the compost by A 1 for each distance of splashing by one stirring of the stirring device 1, that is, the distance of movement of the compost (the distance indicated by arrows 6 and 6' in FIG. ₁ ). , B ₁ , C ₁ , D ₁
A small area such as

The above unit areas 31, 32, 33 and small areas
A ₁ , B ₁ , etc. are not actually separated by partitions, but are areas separated for operational purposes.

(A) First, as shown in FIG. 7, the stirring device 1 is moved back and forth across the entire width of the fermenter 11 from the outlet end 3 to the inlet end 7,
The composted material is stirred and transferred over the entire area of the fermenter 11, leaving only the small areas A ₁ , A ₂ , A ₃ at the inlet end of every unit area empty.
Regarding these areas, the following operations (B) to (E) are performed at a predetermined time interval for each operation, e.g.
Do this one after the other.

(B) On the first day, in the first unit area 31, raw materials are supplied to the small area A ₁ located at the inlet end 7,
And the compost is discharged from the small area _D1 at the outlet end 3.

(C) On the second day, in the second unit area 32, supplying the raw material to the small area A ₂ located at the inlet end 7,
and a small area at the exit end 3 as shown in FIG.
Drain the compost from ₂ .

(D) If n>3, the same operation as in (C) is sequentially applied to the next unit area at predetermined time intervals (one day in this example). If n=2, (C) and
(D) is not necessary.

(E) On the nth day (third day in this example), in the nth (third in this example) unit area 33,
Raw materials are supplied to the small area A ₃ at the inlet end 7, and compost is discharged from the small area D ₃ at the outlet end 3.

After completing operations (A) to (E) as described above,
Return to operation (A) again (only A ₁ , A ₂ , and A ₃ are empty) and repeat the above process to operate the fermenter 11.

Since this embodiment operates according to such an operating method, the entire fermentation tank 11 is turned over once every three days, and the composted material in each small area within the fermentation tank 11 remains without being stirred for three days. However, during this time, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 4, the fermentation temperature reaches an appropriate temperature, a sufficient fermentation period is secured, and efficient fermentation operation can be performed. However, the residence time at this time is 0 days for A ₃ and 1 day for A ₂ and D ₁ .
For A ₁ and D ₂ , it is 2 days.

In addition, if this is done, both the amount of supply and the amount of discharge will be small, so the raw material supply device and the compost transport device 1
4 can be made small.

The above description has mainly been based on the case where the stirring frequency is 1 time/3 days, that is, n=3, but if n is selected as 2 or a plurality of 4 or more, stirring is performed once every n days, and the fermentation Sufficient fermentation time can be ensured to suit the process.

Further, in the above embodiment, the small area D ₁ of the outlet end 3,
In D ₂ or D ₃ , it is explained that the predetermined discharge amount can be obtained by passing the stirring device 1 only once in the direction perpendicular to the compost transfer direction, but if the predetermined discharge amount is large, Small areas D ₁ , D ₂ , and
In D ₃ , the stirring device 1 repeatedly moves in the compost transfer direction and in a direction perpendicular thereto to discharge the compost.

Figures 8-10 show another embodiment.

In the fermenter of the above-mentioned type, especially when the predetermined time interval is long, the length of the side perpendicular to arrow 2 is longer than the length b of the side in the compost transfer direction, as shown in FIG. The side a is longer, the short side b,
It is often rectangular with long side a.

For example, let x be the width and y be the length required for one day's supply of raw materials, the number of fermentation days is N days, and the stirring frequency is 1 every n days.
When expressed as times, a and b can be expressed as follows.

a=nx b=Ny/n In conventional equipment, x=10m, N=10 days, y=3m, n=1 day, so a=10m, b=30m, a<b. , On the other hand, if the stirring frequency is set to once every 4 days as mentioned above, then a>b of a=40m, b=7.5m from x=10m, N=10 days, y=3m, n=4 days. Therefore, the aspect ratio is reversed.

For such a fermenter 11, FIGS.
As in the conventional method shown in the figure, if running rails are laid on both sides of the fermenter 11 along the direction of transfer of the compost (arrow 2), and the running frame 20 is to run across the fermenter 11 at right angles to this direction, , resulting in a structure with a very long span and heavy weight.

Therefore, for the fermenter 11 where a>b, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the traveling frame 20 of the agitation device 1 is set perpendicular to the direction of transfer of the composted material shown by the arrow 2. , are arranged across the length of the short side of the fermenter 11 so as to reciprocate in the direction of the long side of the rectangle. The traveling frame 20 is provided with a rotary paddle 22 supported by a body 21 so as to reciprocate along the direction of transfer of the composted material.

In Figures 8 and 9, the fermenter 11 is removed every n=4 days.
An example is shown in which the entire area of the fermenter 11 is turned over, and the entire area of the fermenter 11 is divided into unit areas 31, 32, 33,
It is further divided into 34 subareas A ₁ , B ₁ ,
...It is divided into C ₄ and D ₄ .

The movement of the rotary paddle 22 is almost the same as in the previous example, except that n is changed from 3 to 4. However, the movement of the traveling frame 20 and the rotating paddle 22 relative to it is different, and the movement in the direction of arrow 2 is different from that of the traveling frame 20.
This is done by the movement of the rotary paddle 22 with respect to 0, and the movement in the direction perpendicular to this is done by running the traveling frame 20.

In addition, in FIG. 10, as the traveling frame 20,
Although an overhead crane-type runway running girder is shown, it may be a half-gate-type running body in which the left and right rails have different heights and have legs on one side, or a gate-type running body that has legs on both sides.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, when fermenting raw materials for composting such as organic waste, a rotary paddle-type stirring device that can be moved vertically and horizontally is effectively used, and one stirring device is used for fermentation at all times. This has extremely beneficial effects, such as being able to easily obtain an appropriate desired frequency of turning, and making maintenance and management extremely easy.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a plan view showing an example of the conventional method;
The figure is a perspective view, FIG. 3 is a side view of the paddle type stirring part, FIG. 4 is a comparison graph of the fermentation state in the conventional example and the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a graph of the fermentation state of the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is an explanatory plan view showing the operation of discharging compost from one small area in an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is an explanatory plan view showing the operation when turning over the entire area. FIG. 8 is a sectioned explanatory diagram of the internal region of the fermenter according to another embodiment, FIG. 9 is a plan explanatory diagram of the embodiment, and FIG. 10 is a sectional front view of FIG. 9. 1... Stirring device, 2... Arrow, 3... Outlet end,
4... Starting point, 5, 5', 6, 6'... Arrow, 7...
Entrance end, 8... end point, 9... bulkhead, 10... door,
11...Fermentation tank, 12...Aisle, 13...Arrow,
14... Compost carrying out device, 15... Arrow, 20...
Traveling frame, 21...body, 22...rotating paddle,
31, 32, 33, 34... unit area, A ₁ , B ₁ ,
C ₁ , D ₁ ... small area.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A device capable of reciprocating across the fermentation tank in which the composted material is deposited, in a direction substantially perpendicular to and parallel to the direction of transfer of the composted material, and splashing the composted material from the raw material inlet end toward the compost outlet end. moving a stirring device equipped with a rotating paddle to stir the composted material;
In the fermenter operating method, in which composting is carried out while transferring the compost from the inlet end to the outlet end, n pieces ( n is 2
The following (A), (B),
Operations (C), (D), and (E), namely: (A) stirring and transporting the composted material over all unit areas of the fermenter by moving the stirring device back and forth across the entire width of the fermenter; (B) Supply raw materials to the small area at the inlet end of the first unit area, and feed compost from the small area at the outlet end using a stirring device. (C) Supplying the raw material to a small area at the inlet end of the next unit area, and discharging the compost from the small area at the outlet end using a stirring device; (D) Repeating the above (C) operation to the next unit area. (E) Each operation of supplying raw materials to a small area at the inlet end of the nth unit area and discharging compost from a small area at the outlet end by a stirring device is performed at predetermined time intervals. A method of operating a fermenter characterized by sequentially performing the steps and repeating the steps.