JPH01306035A - Forging press - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve shape and dimensional accuracy by moving a movable frame composed of a column, a bottom frame and a top frame freely vertically to a fixed bed and providing forging tools face to face between the lower surface of the top frame and the upper surface of the bed. CONSTITUTION:A lifting cylinder 25 is provided between the bed 1 and the bottom frame 6, an eccentric shaft mechanism and a rolling reduction cylinder 12 are arranged between the middle part of the bed 1 and the bottom frame 6 and a sliding body in a rolling reduction cylinder is abutted with a spherical seat 22 provided on the bottom frame 6. When the lifting cylinder is contracted, an upward force is given to the bottom frame 6 and the rolling reduction cylinder 12, too, receives an upward force. When the rolling reduction cylinder is moved vertically by an eccentric mechanism as the working pressure in the rolling reduction cylinder is blocked, this vertical motion is transmitted to an upper anvil through the bottom frame, the column, the top frame and the material is pressed between an upper and a lower anvil. Consequently, it is possible to obtain a product free from opening part open like a C shaped frame and excellent in shape and dimensional accuracy.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a forging press device.

[Prior Art] An example of a conventional forging press device is as shown in FIG.
Install cylinder b downward on the top of C-shaped frame a,
A lever d is arranged approximately horizontally on the piston C of the cylinder b.
The intermediate part of the lever d is pivotally connected by a pin e, and one end of the lever d is
The upper end of the link g is pivotally connected via a pin f, and a slide member that can slide vertically with respect to the C-shaped frame a is connected to the lower end of the link g via a pin i. An upper anvil j is attached to the lower end of the slide member for forging material in cooperation with the upper anvil attached to the C-shaped frame a. Furthermore, the tip of the connecting rod 1 is connected to the other end of the lever d by a pin m, and the base end of the connecting rod 1 is connected to the crank part of a crankshaft n supported by a C-shaped frame a for vertical movement. mating possible,
Further, a gear O is fixed to the crankshaft n, and a pinion p driven by a drive device is meshed with the gear O.

Therefore, when the gear 0 is rotated by the rotation of the pinion p, the crankshaft n rotates and the connecting rod 1
is moved up and down, lever d is swung up and down around pin e, and the swinging of lever d moves upper anvil j up and down via link g and slide member. , k performs @ construction of the material.

[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, in the case of the above-mentioned conventional I2 press machine, C
Since it has a die frame structure, the C-shaped frame a opens due to the reaction force during pressing, and therefore the upper and lower anvils j and k are slanted, and the forged product is also slanted, resulting in good quality with good dimensional accuracy and shape. In addition, as the load increases, the C-shaped frame a also becomes larger and more expensive.Furthermore, as the C-shaped frame a becomes larger, it requires a large space and is difficult to work with, and auxiliary equipment is required. Also difficult to install,
There were other problems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a press machine that is small, lightweight, and capable of producing products of good quality.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides columns that are movably passed through both ends of a bed fixed to a foundation in the vertical direction, and that the upper end of each column is fixed to a foundation. A top frame is fixed to the top frame, and a bottom frame is fixed to the lower end of the bed, and a lifting cylinder is interposed between the bed and the bottom frame to raise and lower the bottom frame with respect to the bed, and a lifting cylinder is installed between the bed and the bottom frame. An eccentric shaft mechanism and a lowering cylinder are arranged between the bottom frame and the lowering cylinder, and the sliding body in the lowering cylinder is brought into contact with a spherical seat provided on the bottom frame. The forging tools are fixed facing each other.

[Function] When pressure is applied to contract the lifting cylinder, an upward force is applied to the bottom frame, so the lowering cylinder receives an upward force. When the reduction cylinder is raised and lowered by the eccentric shaft mechanism while the operating pressure inside the reduction cylinder is blocked, the elevation movement is caused by the bottom frame,
It is transmitted to the upper anvil via the column and top frame, and the material is pressed between the upper and lower anvils.

[Example] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 to 3 show an embodiment of the present invention, in which through holes 2 are vertically bored in both left and right ends of a bed 1 fixed to a foundation, and each member through hole 2 has a Columns 4 are inserted through guide bushes 3 so as to be vertically movable, and a top frame 5 is fixed at the upper end and a bottom frame 6 is fixed at the lower end between the two columns 4. ,
A movable frame is formed by a top frame 5 and a bottom frame 6, and an upper anvil (forging tool) 7 is provided on the lower surface of the top frame 5, and an upper anvil (forging tool) 8 is provided on the upper surface of the bed 1, respectively. Install it.

The bed 1 has a recess cut out downward from the center thereof, and a drive device (not shown) is installed above the recess.
The eccentric shaft 9, which is rotationally driven by the eccentric shaft 9, is supported so that its axis extends in the front-rear direction, and the Gottmann 11 is fitted into the eccentric portion 9a of the eccentric shaft 9 via the bushing 10, and Bet 1 below Pitman 11 above
A rolling down cylinder 12 arranged along a guide portion 1a formed at the lower part of the machine is positioned facing downward, and the rolling down cylinder 12 is supported so as to be able to rise and fall via liners 14 and 15 provided on the front, back, left and right sides. A lifting cylinder 16 is interposed between the lower end of the lifting guide part 1a at the lower end of the bed 1 and the lower end of the lowering cylinder 12, and a spherical shape is formed at the head side end of the lowering cylinder 12. (
The lower end spherical part (or cylindrical part) of the pitman 11 is fitted into the recessed part 12a (or cylindrical) in a pressed state through the bush 17.

Further, a ram 19 is housed in the reduction cylinder 12 so as to be openable via a guide bush 18, and the ram 19 is provided with both holes 19a of a required depth opening downward at the shaft center.
A push rod 20 whose upper and lower ends are concave spherical surfaces is inserted into the knot hole 19a, and the upper end of the push rod 20 is inserted into the knot hole 1.
A spherical seat 21 is attached to the end surface of 9a, and a spherical seat 22 is attached to the lower end of the push rod 20 on the bottom frame 6.
A presser ring 23 is attached to the lower end of the ram 19 to prevent the push rod 20 from separating from the ram 19, and a presser ring 23 is placed on the upper surface of the bottom frame 6 to prevent the push rod 20 from separating from the bottom frame 6. A presser ring 24 is attached to each of the lifting cylinders 25, and the tips (lower ends) of the piston rods 25a of each lifting cylinder 25, whose head ends are attached to both left and right sides of the bed 1, are attached to both ends of the bottom frame 6. 25, the bottom frame 6 is forced upwardly and the push rods 20.25 are shortened. The ram 19 and the reduction cylinder 12 are pushed upward.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3, the reduction cylinder 12 has
Accumulator 27 stored by hydraulic drive source 26
The pipe line 28 is connected to the pressure cylinder 1 so that the pressure oil inside can be supplied.
A solenoid valve 29 is provided in the middle of the pipe line 28, and a pipe 13 is connected to the pipe line 28, which is provided with a solenoid valve 30 having a larger diameter than the solenoid valve 29.

Further, at the connection part between the reduction cylinder 12 and the pipe line 28, the reduction cylinder 12 and the bed 1 are connected by the operation of the pitman 11.
In order to absorb relative displacement in the vertical direction, a telescope connector 31 is provided, which consists of an outer tube 31a fixed to the reduction cylinder 12 side and an inner tube 31b supported to the bed 1 side. 32 is a tank.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1, a solenoid valve 34 is installed in the rod side pressure chamber of the lifting cylinder 25.
In addition to connecting the pipe line 33 equipped with
5 is connected to an accumulator 37, so that the pressure oil stored in the accumulator 37 by the hydraulic drive source 36 is applied to the lifting cylinder 25 and the pulling cylinder 16 through each conduit 33, 35.

38 is a tank.

In the forging press device configured as described above, now,
The solenoid valve 29 shown in FIG. 3 is switched to the position shown to close it, sealing off the oil in the compression cylinder 12, and then the solenoid valve 32 communicates the rod side pressure chamber of the lifting cylinder 25 with the accumulator 37. Then, a contraction force is applied to the lifting cylinder 25, and an upward force is applied to the bottom frame 6, so that the ram 19 receives an upward force via the push rod 20, and is sealed in the lowering cylinder 12. This puts pressure on the oil.

In this state, when the eccentric shaft 9 is rotationally driven by a drive device (not shown), the pitman 11 is moved up and down, and this up and down movement is transmitted to the reduction cylinder 12 as a reciprocating movement in the up and down direction. Furthermore, this reciprocating motion is transmitted to the ram 19, push rod 20° bottom frame 6, both columns 4, and top frame 5 via the oil sealed in the reduction cylinder 12, causing the upper anvil 7 to move up and down. You will be forced to do so. Therefore, the material is forged and pressed by the upper anvil 7 and the upper anvil 8 fixed on the bed 1.

In the above-mentioned forging press operation, when trying to change the reduction amount, for example, by switching the solenoid valve 29 to put the pipe line 28 in a communicating state, the pressure oil in the accumulator 27 is sent into the reduction cylinder 12, so that the ram 19
is pushed down, and the lowering of the ram 19 causes the upper anvil 7 to be lowered.

Note that, at this time, since the vertical movement by the pit man 11 continues, the upper anvil 7 is lowered while reciprocating in the vertical direction. Conversely, solenoid valve 2
9 to connect the pipe line 28 to the tank 32, the pressure oil in the compression cylinder 12 is returned to the tank 32.
The upper anvil 7 is raised while continuing its reciprocating motion by the eccentric shaft 9.

Next, when entering the standby state for reasons such as exchanging materials, the solenoid valve 34a is operated to block the oil in the lifting cylinder 25, and the solenoid valve 30 is opened to drain the oil in the reduction cylinder 12 to the tank. Let's go back to 32. By operating like this, Pitman 1
1, the lifting cylinder 12 continues to move up and down, but
Since no pressure is generated in the oil in the reduction cylinder 12, the operation of the reduction cylinder is not transmitted to the ram 19. Therefore, the position of the upper anvil 7 can be stopped and placed on standby without stopping the drive device.

Also, in this case, the solenoid valve 34a is switched to transfer the pressure oil in the accumulator 37 to the lifting cylinder 25.
When the upper anvil 7 is sent to , the upper anvil 7 is raised, so the standby position of the upper anvil 7 can be adjusted.

Furthermore, if the work is to be completely stopped, the driving device for the eccentric shaft 9 is stopped to stop the vertical movement of the pit man 11,
In addition, the solenoid valve 34a is switched so that the oil in the lifting cylinder 25 is returned to the tank 38. As a result, the lifting cylinder 25 is expanded by the load, and the upper anvil 7 is lowered to above the upper anvil 8.

In the forging press apparatus of the present invention described above, the column 4
It is possible that the bottom frame 6 moves laterally or tilts relative to the bed 1 due to the gap between the guide bush 3 and the bending of the column 4 due to eccentric loads, etc. In this case, the bottom frame 6 When the push rod 20 moves in the lateral direction, a slip occurs between the upper and lower ends of the push rod 20 and the spherical seats 21, 22, and the push rod 20 is tilted, thereby making it possible to escape the lateral movement. Also, if the bottom frame 6 is tilted, the spherical seat 2
2 can escape by being slipped against the lower end surface of the push rod 20.

Therefore, even if the guide bush 3 of the column 4 wears out and the gap becomes large, and the amount of lateral movement of the bottom frame 6 increases, no unreasonable force will be transmitted to the ram 19 or the reduction cylinder 12. Therefore, the ram 19 and the reduction cylinder 12 need only be guided by the bed 1 and moved only in the vertical direction. Furthermore, since the telescope connector 31 that allows oil to enter and exit the reduction cylinder 12 only needs to be moved in the vertical direction, there is no risk of trouble occurring due to excessive force.

Next, FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of the present invention, in which the lower end surface of the ram 19 is brought into direct contact with the spherical seat 22, and the lower end of the ram 19 is held as required by a retaining ring 24. It is attached to the bottom frame 6 with a gap of .

In this method, the slope of the bottom frame 6 is
This can be avoided by slipping between the lower end surface of the spherical seat 22 and the spherical seat 22. On the other hand, since the reduction cylinder 12 is guided by the bed 1 and can only move in the vertical direction, the bottom frame 6
When the ram 19 and the bottom frame 6 move in the lateral direction, a relative movement occurs between the ram 19 and the bottom frame 6. However, when the ram 19 and the bottom frame 6 move while a load is applied, lateral frictional force acts on the ram 19 and the lowering cylinder 12. Therefore, it is not preferable under such usage conditions. However, if the movement m of the bottom frame 6 is small, this can be solved by sliding the spherical seat 22 against the upper surface of the bottom frame 6 within the gap between the presser ring 24 and the ram 19. If there is no lateral movement amount of the bottom frame 6, there is no problem, and the structure is simpler than the above embodiment, so the device can be made at low cost.

FIG. 5 shows still another embodiment of the present invention, in which a liner 14 and a liner 14 disposed between a reduction cylinder 12 and a bed 1
The gap between 5 is set somewhat larger.

In this case, the inclination of the bottom frame 6 can be avoided by the spherical seat 22, as in the embodiment of FIG. You can escape through the gaps in between. however,
If the bottom frame 6 moves laterally while a load is applied, no unreasonable force will be applied to the ram 19 or the reduction cylinder 12, but the reduction cylinder 12 will be tilted.
It is necessary to take measures to deal with the inclination when installing the telescope connection box 31.

Furthermore, FIG. 6 shows still another embodiment of the present invention which is an improvement on the embodiment shown in FIG.
, 14b is provided in place of the liner 14.

In the case of this method, even if the reduction cylinder 12 is tilted,
The entire surface of the liners 14a, t4b, 15 can receive the force.

The relationship between the bed 1 and the column 4 in each of the above embodiments may be as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. In the case of Fig. 7, four columns 4 are used, and in the case of Fig. 8, two columns 4 are used, but in more special cases, three columns 4 may be used. You can also do it.

Next, FIG. 9 shows still another example of the present invention, in which a movable frame consisting of a column 4, a top frame 5, and a bottom frame 6 is constructed in advance into a monolithic frame type. In this case, as shown in FIG. 10, a square cross section can be selected as the cross section of the column 4, resulting in a cast steel or steel plate welded column structure. In addition, in FIG. 9, the eccentric shaft mechanism, the reduction cylinder 12, the lifting cylinder 25, etc. are not shown.

By the way, normally, as shown in FIG. 12, the part of the pitman 11 that provides reciprocating motion is rotatably connected by a pin 39, but when considering strength and surface pressure, etc., this part is quite large and has a long length. . However, in the present invention, as described above, a method is adopted in which the lower end spherical part (or cylindrical part) of the pitman 11 is fitted into the four spherical (or cylindrical) parts 12a, and the cylinder 16 is used as an upward force applying device.
Alternatively, an upward force is constantly applied to the reduction cylinder 12 by a spring or the like to prevent the above-mentioned fitted portions from separating, so that the intended function can be fully satisfied and the length of the pitman 11 can be shortened. As a result, the overall height of the press can be reduced, the structure can be made more compact, and large pressure can be transmitted.

Furthermore, FIG. 11 shows a case where the pit man 11 and the reduction cylinder 12 are engaged in planar contact.

In this case, the energy loss due to the sliding resistance of the planar contact part will probably increase somewhat, but the structure and processing will be simpler.
It has the advantage of being inexpensive to manufacture.

Note that the present invention is not limited only to the examples,
As the eccentric mechanism for operating the reduction cylinder 12, a crankshaft may be used in place of the eccentric shaft 9, and it goes without saying that various other changes may be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the forging press apparatus of the present invention exhibits the following excellent effects.

(Unlike those using conventional C-shaped frames, there is no opening in the frame, and there is no change in the compressibility of oil due to changes in pressurizing force, unlike in forging presses that use hydraulic pressure.) It is possible to apply a load of about a ton, and it is also possible to obtain a product of good quality with good shape and dimensional accuracy.

(li) Since a large frame such as a C-shaped frame and a hydraulic device for operating the anvil are not required, the entire device can be made smaller and lighter, and the price can be reduced.

(Since the drive unit 110 is placed under the floor, it is advantageous that the space used on the ground can be reduced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cutaway front view showing one embodiment of the forging press apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a view taken along the arrow A-A in FIG. 1, and FIG.
A view taken along arrow B-8 in the figure, and FIGS. 4 to 6 are all partial views showing other embodiments of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a view taken along arrow C-C in FIG. 1, and FIG. Fig. 7 shows another example, Fig. 9 shows the side opening when the movable frame is an integral frame, Fig. 10 shows the D-D arrow view in Fig. 9, and Fig. 11 shows the eccentric shaft mechanism and lowering. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of a conventional eccentric shaft mechanism, and FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a conventional forging press apparatus. 1...Bed, 4...Column, 5...Top frame, 6...Bottom frame, 7...Upper anvil, 8...
... Upper anvil, 9... Eccentric shaft, 11... Pitman,
12... Reduction cylinder, 19... Ram, 22...
Spherical seat, 25...Lifting cylinder.

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A movable frame consisting of a column, a bottom frame, and a top frame is movably guided in the vertical direction by a bed fixed to a foundation, and the movable frame is moved up and down with respect to the bed between the bed and the movable frame. In addition to interposing a lifting cylinder for the purpose of A forging press apparatus characterized in that forging tools are provided in contact with each other, and forging tools are provided on the lower surface of the top frame and the upper surface of the bed, respectively, so as to face each other. (2) The sliding body in the compression cylinder is composed of a ram and a push rod inserted into the ram from below, and the upper end of the push rod is brought into contact with a spherical seat provided on the ram, and the push rod The forging press apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of the forging press is brought into contact with a spherical seat provided on the bottom frame. (3) A claim in which the eccentric shaft mechanism and the reduction cylinder are engaged using a spherical seat, and a guide portion is provided at the bottom of the bed to receive the horizontal component force from the eccentric shaft mechanism side acting on the reduction cylinder. The forging press device according to item (1). (4) The lower part of the eccentric shaft mechanism and the upper part of the reduction cylinder are engaged using a spherical seat or a cylindrical seat, and an upward force is constantly applied to the reduction cylinder between the reduction cylinder and the bed to maintain the eccentricity. 2. The forging press apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a device for applying an upward force to the reduction cylinder to prevent the shaft mechanism and the reduction cylinder from separating from each other.