JPH01306029A - Manufacture of metallic material with hole - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the yield of material by punching a circular central hole and a peripheral hole provided on its periphery and shaving the internal wall of the central hole and the internal wall of the peripheral hole in one stage with a punch having the respective step parts. CONSTITUTION:A hot forged preformed stock 1c is set on a die 48 and the punch 20 is lowered to punch and shave the stock 1c. The branch punch 37 of a peripheral punch 30 strikes the stock 1c before a central punch 21 strikes it to punch a peripheral recess 7c and to shave the internal wall 8 of the peripheral hole 7 with a succeeding shaving step part 33. The central punch, too, punches the central hole 2 with a punching part 24 and shaves the internal wall 6. Punched scraps 80, 81 fall respectively through the central punch 49 of the die 48 and a peripheral punch hole. As a result, the cutting stage and the deburring stage for the purpose of forming the peripheral hole can be removed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a metal material with a hole, which is used as a material for a gear having a circular central hole and an outer peripheral hole, used for example in the transmission of a two-wheeled vehicle. Relating to a manufacturing method.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional methods for manufacturing metal materials having a circular central hole and a circular peripheral hole include the following. First, the disk-shaped material 501b shown in FIG. 16 is forged and formed as shown in FIGS. 17 and 18.
At the same position as the outer circumferential hole 507 to be drilled, the outer circumferential hole 50 is
A preformed material 501C having an outer periphery recess 507G having a shape between 7 and 7 is prepared. In this forging process, the preformed material 50 is
The extra thickness 509C on the back surface 506C side of 1C' is set to be thick so as to function as a cushioning material. Thereafter, there is a method of punching out the center portion 502C, and then removing the excess thickness 509C by cutting to finish the metal material 501 with holes shown in FIG. 19.

Another method is to form the outer circumferential hole of the holed metal material only by cutting without forming the outer circumferential recess in the preformed material.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention Among the above-mentioned conventional methods, the method of providing the outer peripheral recess 507C in the preformed material 501C is that after cutting the excess thickness 509C, the inner peripheral hole 507 of the manufactured holed metal material 501 is , a gap 510 between the shape of the outer peripheral hole 507 and the path remains. Therefore, there is a drawback that deburring must be done manually using a bench, rotary bar, or the like.

Further, in forging the preformed material 501C, the amount of material deformation from the disc-shaped material 501b is large, so hot forging must be performed at a particularly high temperature. Therefore, energy consumption is large. Further, there are problems such as a short mold life and an inability to accurately produce detailed shapes.

Furthermore, since much of the excess material is removed by cutting, there is also the problem of poor material yield.

In this respect, the method of forming the outer hole only by cutting has a better yield than the above method, but as shown in Fig. 14, there are cases where the shape of the outer hole is complex or the arrangement of the outer hole is not uniform. In some cases, cutting the outer peripheral hole was extremely difficult or impossible.

Further, in any of the above methods, since the center hole is a punched hole, there is a problem in that a hole remains on the inner wall of the center hole, which requires correction in a subsequent process.

Means for Solving the Problems The punching and forming of the central hole and the peripheral hole and the shaving of the inner wall of the central hole and the inner wall of the peripheral hole are performed in one stroke using a punch having a central shaving step and an outer shaving step.

Effect +11 No cutting work is required to form the central hole and the outer peripheral hole.

(2) After forming the central hole and the peripheral hole, no particles remain on their inner walls.

(3) When punching the outer hole, the tip of the outer punch enters the outer punch hole of the die, so the outer punch does not collide with the die through the material, so the extra material is used as a cushioning material. is not necessary. Due to this and the fact that there is no need to form an outer circumferential recess, the preformed material can be made thin (and have a simple shape).

Example Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

First, the configuration of the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 1(A) shows the punching and forming of the center hole 2 and the outer peripheral hole 7 of the holed material 1 as a metal material with holes, and the punching of these center holes 2.
The main part of the punching process of shaving the inner wall of the outer peripheral hole 7 is shown.

In the figure, the left half shows the state before punching, and the right half shows the state after punching.

The IC in the left half is a preformed material.

As for the overall structure, the punch 20 whose upper part is attached to the punch plate 39 is located in the center, and below it is the die 48 installed on the Gui plate 59, and the punch 20 is attached to the left and right ends. It passes through the center of the stripper 44 supported by the positioned guide post.

By lowering the punch 20, punching and shaving are performed.

Next, individual components will be explained.

The punch 20 described above includes a center punch 21 and a peripheral punch 30.
It is made up of. As shown enlarged in FIGS. 3 and 4, the cylindrical central bunch 21 is closely fitted inside the substantially cylindrical outer peripheral punch 30. As shown in FIGS.

In the tip portion 22 of the center bunch 21, the most end thereof punches out the center portion 2C of the preformed material IC and forms the center hole 2.
This is a punched portion 24 for forming a. A central shaving step part 23 is provided on the opposite side of the punch advancing direction of the punching part 24 and has a slightly larger diameter than the punching part 24, and which shaves the inner wall 6 of the central hole 2 following the punching part 24. There is. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the end surface 25 of the punched portion 24 is circular, and the end surface 26 of the central shaving step portion 23 is donut-shaped surrounding the circular periphery.

The outer punch 30 is composed of a cylindrical portion 31 and a tip portion 32 connected to the cylindrical portion 31. The tip portion 32 is divided into six branch punches 37. The root portion 38 of this branch punch 37 has a circular cross section, and the cross section on the tip side of the root portion 38 is as follows.
The shape of the punched hole is sector-shaped in this embodiment.

The farthest end of this branching punch 37 serves as a punching portion 34 for forming six outer peripheral holes 7 in the outer peripheral portion 4C of the preformed material IC. Further, on the opposite side of the punch advancing direction of the punched portion 34, an outer shaving step portion 33 that extends slightly toward the outer diameter direction than the punched portion 34 and shaves the inner wall 8 of the outer peripheral hole 7 following the punched portion 34.
are arranged in stages. The appropriate width of the outer shaving step portion 33 is, for example, 0.1 mm.

The punching portion 34 of the branch punch 37 projects further in the punch advancing direction than the punching portion 24 of the central punch 21.

When punching, the branch punch 37 is replaced by the center punch 21.
This is to prevent the preformed material IC from being misaligned with respect to the punch 20 by invading the preformed material IC at a plurality of locations in advance.

Next, the dice 48 will be explained. As shown in FIG.
A central punch hole 49 is formed for entry of the hole 1, and an inner circumferential support portion 50 in the form of a circumferential wall is formed on the outer periphery of the center punch hole 49. Furthermore, on the outer periphery, a branch punch 3 of the outer periphery punch 30 is provided.
Six outer circumferential punch holes 51 are formed into which the holes 7 are inserted. The outermost peripheral portion of the die 48 serves as an outer peripheral support portion 52. The preformed material IC and the punched holed material 1 are supported by the inner peripheral support part 50 and the outer peripheral support part 52.

Next, the stripper 44 will be explained. Figure 1 (a)
As shown in FIG. 2, the stripper 44 includes a rectangular flat body 45 having a hole in the center, and a core 46 fixed to the body 45 with bolts 47. The strip portion 68 of the core 46 has a planar shape that lies between the perforated material 1 and the groove. Therefore, after punching, punch 2
When the perforated material 1 that has risen after adhering to 0 is stripped, substantially the entire surface of the perforated material 1 contacts the strip portion 68 uniformly, so that the perforated material 1 is not deformed by the local impact of the strip. There isn't.

In addition, 40 is a punch holder, 41 is a punch set ring, 43.56 is a presser foot, 57 is a die set ring, and 59 is a gooey holder.

Next, a punching process for punching out the central hole 2 and the outer peripheral hole 7 and shaving the inner walls 6 and 8 will be described.

The preformed material IC shown in FIG. 9 was obtained by hot forging the cylindrical material 1a shown in FIG. 6 and forming it into the disc-shaped material 1b shown in FIG. 7, and then hot forging using the remaining heat. It is something.

This preformed material IC is circular and has a central portion 2C at its center with a central recess 9C, which is also circular and has a slightly smaller diameter than the desired central hole 2.

The outer periphery of this central portion 2C has a circumferential convex portion 3C that protrudes in the vertical direction. The circumferential convex portion 3C has a circumferential concave portion 7C on its outer periphery, and the outermost circumferential portion thereof is an outer circumferential edge portion 5C that protrudes more vertically than the circumferential convex portion 3C.

To carry out this process, first, as shown in the left half of FIG. 1(a), a preformed material IC is set on the die 48.

The inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral support portion 52 of the die 48 has a chamfered portion 65 with a chamfered opening as shown in an enlarged view in FIG.
An inclined part 66 having a smaller inclination than the chamfered part 65 and a bottom part 6
4 and a vertical portion 67 perpendicular to the vertical direction. The inner diameter A of this vertical portion 67 is slightly smaller than the outer diameter B of the preformed material IC.

Therefore, when the preformed material IC is set, it does not reach the bottom part 64 as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG.
It stops near the intersection between the vertical part 67 and the vertical part 67.

As a result, the preformed material IC is set with the center axis of the preformed material IC and the center axis of the die 48 aligned.

Next, as shown on the right-hand side of FIG. 1, the punch 20 is lowered to punch out the preformed material IC and shave it. In detail, as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. The inner wall 8 of the outer peripheral hole 7 is shaved by punching out the shaped recess 7C and using the subsequent outer shaving step portion 33. On the other hand, the center punch 21 also enters the preformed material IC later than the outer punch 30, and punches out the center portion 2C of the preformed material IC with the punching portion 24, and at the subsequent center shaving step portion 23, the inner wall 6 of the center hole 2 is punched out. shave. 80.81 is a punched scrap, and the central punch hole 49.81 of the die 48 is punched. They each pass through the outer circumferential punch holes 51 and fall downward.

In addition, in the set state before punching, as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. In this case, the gap becomes narrower and becomes L2.

After punching and shaving, when the punch 2° rises, the punched material I with holes adheres to the punch 20 and rises, but it comes into contact with the core 46 of the stripper 44 and is pushed down.

The above process is one cycle of the punching process.

No holes remain in the central hole 2 and the outer peripheral hole 7 of the holed material 1 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, which is punched in one step in this manner.

Note that this holed material 1 can be used, for example, in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 12, a gear lld is formed on the outer periphery and finished as a gear 1d for a transmission of a two-wheeled vehicle.

When the gear 1d is assembled to the transmission shaft, the gear I with a protrusion as shown in FIG.
The protrusion 7D of D fits into the outer peripheral hole 7d.

Next, another embodiment will be described.

In the first embodiment, six outer peripheral holes are formed in the perforated material, which is a metal material with holes, and the shape is fan-shaped, but in the second embodiment, as shown in FIG.
Five elliptical outer peripheral holes 207 may be formed. As shown in FIG. 5, the configuration of the punch 220 in this case is different from the configuration of the punch in the first embodiment, and includes a central punch 221 having a central shaving step 223 and an outer shaving step 224. It consists of an outer peripheral punch 230 having.

In addition, according to the present invention, there is no need to cut the inner wall of the outer peripheral hole, so the first embodiment is used as the third and fourth embodiments.
As shown in the left half and right half of Figure 4 (outer hole 307,
The number, shape, arrangement, etc. of 407 can be set completely freely.

Effects As described above, according to the present invention, (1) Cutting for forming the central hole and the outer peripheral hole is no longer necessary, so the cutting process can be performed in the manufacturing of metal materials with holes by replacing the conventional method. In addition to being able to reduce the number of holes to a large extent, any number, shape, and arrangement of peripheral holes can be formed in one step.

(2) After forming the central hole and the peripheral hole, no burr remains on their inner walls, so a burr removal process is not necessary.

(3) When punching the outer hole, the tip of the outer punch enters the outer punch hole of the die, so the outer punch does not collide with the die through the material, so extra material is required as a cushioning material. do not have. Due to this and the fact that there is no need to form an outer circumferential recess, the preformed material can be made thin (and simple in shape), which dramatically improves the yield of the material and allows for the production of materials from disk-shaped materials. The amount of material deformation is small (as a result, the preformed material can be easily forged and formed).

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1(A) is a cross-sectional plan view of the main part of the punching process according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 (B) is a partially enlarged view of Figure 1 (A). FIG. 2 is an enlarged explanatory diagram of the main part of FIG. 1 (A). FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional plan view of the punch shown in FIG. 1(A). FIG. 4 is a front view of the punch shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is a front view of a punch according to a second embodiment of the present invention. 6 to 10 show the manufacturing stages of the holed material manufactured according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a front view of the cylindrical material. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional plan view of the disk-shaped material. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional plan view of the preformed material. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional plan view of the material with holes. FIG. 10 is a front view of FIG. 9. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional plan view of the gear. FIG. 12 is a perspective view of FIG. 11. FIG. 13 is a front view of a metal material with holes manufactured according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The left hand part and right hand part in Fig. 14 are the third parts of the present invention, respectively.
FIG. 7 is a front view of a metal material with holes manufactured according to the fourth example. FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a gear with a protrusion. 16 to 19 show the manufacturing stages of a metal material with holes manufactured by a conventional method, and FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional plan view of a disc-shaped material. FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional plan view of the preformed material. FIG. 18 is a front view of FIG. 17. FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional plan view of the metal material with holes. (Explanation of symbols) 1... Metal material with holes. 2...Central hole. 7...Peripheral hole. 6, 8...Inner wall. 20 jars/e-punch. 23...Central shaving step part. 33...Outer shaving step part. Sυ Fig. 16 7d Fig. 1I

Claims (1)

[Claims] A method for manufacturing a metal material 1 with a hole having a circular central hole 2 and an outer peripheral hole 7 provided on the outer periphery of the central hole 2, which includes forming the central hole 2 and the outer peripheral hole 7 by punching, and forming the central hole 2. A method for producing a metal material with a hole, characterized in that shaving the inner wall 6 of the hole and the inner wall 8 of the outer peripheral hole 7 is performed in one stroke using a punch 20 having a central shaving step 23 and an outer shaving step 33.