JPH01302165A - Vehicle speed detector utilizing electromagnetic force between vehicle and rail - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To detect and output an absolute speed of a vehicle continuously, by a method wherein a magnetic field is applied to rails from a moving vehicle and an electromagnetic force parallel with an orbit receiving this magnetic action is measured to determine a speed therefrom. CONSTITUTION:As a vehicle advances, a magnetic flux 7 entering an orbit plane vertically traverses a head conductor of an orbit 8 and current 9 flows through a head surface of the orbit crossing it to be circulated through a part not faced by a magnet 1. This current 9 produces a force for moving the orbit 8 in the ongoing direction 10 of the vehicle and with a reaction thereto, the magnet 1 generates a retracting force 11. Simultaneously, a vertical electromagnetic force works on the magnet 1 as comprising an attraction force generated with the magnetization of the orbit by the magnet and a repulsive force generated from a biased magnetic action by a magnetic flux biased derived from current flowing through the orbit. Any of these forces is a function of a gap (h) between the orbit plane and the magnet and a vehicle speed V and the function is measured to obtain an absolute speed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a speed detection device for a vehicle running on a track.

[Prior art] The speed of a vehicle running on a track is detected by calculating the frequency of the electromotive force generated by a speed generator consisting of a rotating gear and an induction coil, which is proportional to the rotation of the axle, or converting it into an analog signal. It is sought by doing. The vehicle running speed detected by this method is entirely obtained from the rotation of the axle, and it is inevitable that a speed that is temporarily different from the actual speed may be detected due to wheels spinning or skidding. However, in conventional driving methods, signals are received from a certain blockage section determined on the ground, and different speeds are detected for a short time, so this problem has not been caused by countermeasures such as providing a delay time.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, some of the recent new driving control methods provide the vehicle with variable distance information from the ground, rather than relying on the conventional fixed closed sections, and One idea is to control a group of trains by having the vehicle itself detect the position of the train and receiving the information wirelessly on the ground. In this case, the vehicle position and travel distance are basically determined by counting the pulse-like voltage waveforms corresponding to the rotating gears obtained from the speed generator, but the wheels may spin or slide in a short period of time. Even if there is a difference in distance or position, this will cause a serious problem in terms of safety and control.

Means and operation for solving problem 81] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention continuously detects and outputs the absolute speed of a vehicle. This output absolute speed and the rotational speed of the wheels obtained from the speed generator are compared by a comparison circuit with a built-in computer to detect slipping or skidding, and the speeds in between are complemented to correct the travel distance.

[Example] An example of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1st
The figure shows a mechanism (referred to as an element) for measuring electromagnetic force in the direction of movement when a magnet moves directly above the orbit, which is the most important feature of the present invention, and the principle of its generation.

1 is a permanent magnet that applies a magnetic field to the orbit, and 2 is an arm that rotationally supports this. Reference numeral 3 denotes a weight so that the upper and lower rotational moments are equal between the two rotational support parts of the two arms as boundaries. Therefore, the external force due to acceleration and deceleration applied from the support plate 4 connected to the outer box directly connected to the trolley is canceled out by the rotation instruction unit 5, and no rotational torque due to external force is applied to the permanent magnet l, which is directly applied with the electromagnetic force with the track. .

6 is a leaf spring supported at both ends to which strain gauges are attached, and the electromagnetic force applied to the permanent magnet 1 is measured from the amount of strain.

The principle of generation of electromagnetic force will be briefly described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. As the vehicle progresses, magnetic flux 7 enters perpendicularly to the track surface.
The head conductor of the track 8 crosses this, and according to Fleming's right-hand rule, a current 9 flows across the head surface of the track and circulates in the non-opposite parts of the magnet 1. This current 9 generates a force that moves the track 8 in the vehicle's traveling direction 10 according to Fleming's left-hand rule, and as a reaction, the magnet 1
generates a backward pulling force 11. This principle is also known as the Arab disc. At the same time, a vertical electromagnetic force acts on the magnet 1, consisting of an attractive force generated by the magnet magnetizing the orbit, and a repulsive force generated by the biased magnetic effect that causes the magnetic flux to be biased to one side, which is derived from the flow of current in the orbit. These forces are all functions of the gap between the raceway surface and the magnet and the vehicle speed V, and are expressed as follows, where Fx is the force in the traveling direction and Fz is the force in the vertical direction.

Fx=f (h, v) [+]F
z=g (h, v)
[Figure 2] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic force detection section taken along the cutting edge 119j in the direction of movement. 13 is an element that detects the electromagnetic force in the traveling direction shown in B=1, and 14 is an element that detects the electromagnetic force in the vertical direction.The structure is almost the same as 13 rotated 90 degrees, and it is detected in the vertical direction. The principle of preventing external force due to vibration and measuring electromagnetic force is the same as in 13. That is, 15 is a strain gauge for measuring vertical electromagnetic force, and 16 is a weight for balance. l, 1.7.1
8.19.20 are permanent magnets of the same polarity, 18.19 reduces the end effects of the magnetic field, and 20 prevents the interaction between 1 and 17. Both have the effect of vertically distorting the magnetic flux of the measurement magnet 1.17 and reducing changes in electromagnetic force due to changes in height. 1, 17, 18, 19, 20, it is also possible to use an electromagnet or a coil.

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the electromagnetic force detection unit, and a part shows a plurality of elements 13 and 4 arranged horizontally in the direction of movement. 22 and 23 at both ends reduce the end effect. The strain gauge is not connected. The reason for arranging multiple elements is to always measure the electromagnetic force of an element that is located directly above the track, even if the trolley to which it is attached moves from side to side. This can also reduce measurement errors in electromagnetic force by blocking the current that is induced in the direction perpendicular to the traveling direction when traveling on a naturally magnetized track. Note that this effect can be further enhanced by using the magnet 6 made of a laminated plate. FIG. 3 is also a sectional view taken along AA' of FIG. 4.

If the speed error on the pulse at the joint of the track becomes static, it can be corrected by installing electromagnetic force detection units on the left and right tracks by shifting their positions back and forth.

Reference numeral 25 in FIG. 5 is the electromagnetic force detection section shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, and the speed processing section 26 has a built-in computer and constantly scans a plurality of electromagnetic force detection elements in the traveling direction and the vertical direction. By reading the stationary maximum value or the peak value that will move to an adjacent element, those close to the orbit are selected. In addition, the speed detected by performing prescribed processing is constantly compared with the speed from the speed generator, and if a discrepancy occurs, it is determined that the wheel 27 is spinning or skidding from the front-back relationship, and the speed is determined. The period during which the abnormal value of the speed of the generator continues is replaced with the speed detected by the speed processing section and the distance #it is corrected.

Speed processing is performed by the following method. Formula [1] and formula [
2], the vehicle speed V is expressed by the following formula.

v = R(F XI F z )
[3] Since it is difficult to perform this conversion by numerical calculation, we performed an experimental method or a test run with a specified distance, and from the data, we calculated the function value of formula [3] and stored it in the computer's internal memory. Write to the table shown in . Formula [l], [2] increases, ■Even if it increases monotonically in either direction, depending on the case, formula [3]
can have two values, but in this case, change the strength of the permanent magnets at 18, 19, and 20 in Figure 3 so that the magnetic flux distribution at 1.17 has less variation in density in the height direction. Make adjustments. The table of FIG. 6 can be corrected with sufficiently reliable values that are regularly subjected to statistical processing in a separate memory area during normal driving, thereby making it possible to correct errors caused by deterioration of the permanent magnets.

[Effects of the Invention] The present invention detects the position of the train itself, receives this information via radio on the ground, manages the train group, and transmits the distance that can be safely traveled to each train based on this result, thereby improving the safety of train operation. The aim is to apply it to new operation control methods to improve efficiency.

Therefore, a computer that performs complex processing is already installed on the vehicle, and part of its functions can be used for speed detection processing, and in this case, there is no need to separately provide the speed processing section shown in Fig. 5-26. good.

Furthermore, in this new driving control method, knowing the exact position of the vehicle is the most important basic element of the system configuration. There is no way to completely prevent wheels from spinning or skidding using only position detection using conventional speed generators, and this can only be detected when sudden changes in speed are involved. Even in this case, it is impossible to detect or correct the position error, so for safety reasons, it is necessary to take measures to apply the brakes each time and avoid driving at low speeds. For this reason, other position detection means have been required in cases where extremely accurate positioning is required, such as when automatically connecting trains.

By using the vehicle speed detection device of the present invention as a device to supplement the position detection by the speed valve 'ri machine, slipping and skidding can be reliably detected and the vehicle position can be corrected correctly.
This eliminates the need for the above-mentioned measures and a separate position detection means during automatic connection, making it possible to construct a highly reliable and efficient system.

Detection of the direction of travel of the vehicle is also an important element. Conventionally, this was determined using a separate logic mechanism based on the phase relationship between the steering wheel and the multiple windings of the speed generator, but according to the present invention, the direction of travel can be directly detected. Can be detected. Furthermore, if the deterioration characteristics of permanent magnets are clarified, it will be possible to detect wheel wear.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 shows the principle of generation of electromagnetic force and its measurement method, and Fig. 2 is a virtual diagram of induced current generated on the orbital surface when a magnet moves on the orbit. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic force detection unit that detects the electromagnetic force acting between the orbit and the magnet, and Figure 4 is a plan view of the electromagnetic force detection unit, with a portion showing the internal structure. It has become. FIG. 5 schematically shows the configuration of the present invention and the installation of the electromagnetic force detection section and the speed processing section on the vehicle. FIG. 6 is a conversion table for calculating speed from the 7fi magnetic force in the traveling direction and the electromagnetic force in the vertical direction, which is stored in the memory of the computer of the speed processing section. Fig. 1 1... Magnet 2 for detecting electromagnetic force and generating magnetic field ff Magnet support arm 3 for detecting magnetic force...・・・・・・・・・Balance weight 4・・・・・・・・・Element support plate 6 integrated with outer box ・・・・・・・・・Rotation support part 6・・・
......Plate spring and strain gauge 7 for detecting electromagnetic force in the advancing direction ...... Magnetic flux 8 applied to the raceway surface
...... Raceway head 9 ...... Induced current flowing in the raceway surface 1
0...... Direction of travel and direction of force applied to the orbit 11... Direction of force applied to the magnet Fig. 2 1... ...Magnet for detecting electromagnetic force and generating magnetic field 7 ...... Magnetic flux applied to the raceway surface 8 ...... ... Track head 9 ... ......Induced current flowing on the raceway surface!
0... Vehicle traveling direction 11...
...Electromagnetic force acting on the magnet 12......The part of the current flowing in the orbit that applies force to the magnet Figure 3 1......Electromagnetic force detection and magnetic field Generation magnet 2... Magnet support arm for electromagnetic force detection 3... Balance weight 4
・・・・・・・・・Element support plate 5 integrated with outer box ・Rotating support part 6 ・・・・・
・・・・・・Plate spring and strain gauge for electromagnetic force detection 8・
...... Track head 13 ...... Advance direction electromagnetic force detection element 14 ... Vertical direction electromagnetic force detection element 15 ... ...Plate spring and strain gauge 16 for detecting vertical electromagnetic force ...Balance weight 17 ...
・・・・・・Magnet for detecting vertical electromagnetic force 18.19 Magnet for reducing end effect 20・・・・・・Vertical, forwarding direction Magnet for preventing interaction 21・・・・・・Non Outer box made of magnetic, non-conductive material Fig. 4 13...Advanced direction electromagnetic force detection element 14...Vertical direction electromagnetic force detection element 21... ......Outer box made of non-magnetic, non-conductive material 22.23 Magnet for reducing end effect 24... Width of track head Fig. 5 8... ......Track head 25......Electromagnetic force detection section 26...Speed processing section 27...Wheel 28.・・・・・・N magnetic force detection unit protection obstacle remover 29
...... Electromagnetic force detection part support fitting 30...
...Strain gauge R1 cable 31...
・Bogie Figure 6 32...33 showing the electromagnetic force in the direction of travel
·······Vertical direction? t'Ef? ! , 34 indicating power
・・・・・・・・・One division of electromagnetic force in the direction of movement for comparison 35
......One section of vertical electromagnetic force for comparison 36
......Example of detection speed 1. τ-1-11
Applicant T1 Foundation, Dosogo Technology Research Institute Figure 1 Figure 3

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) In a device that continuously detects the absolute speed of a vehicle using electromagnetic force acting between a magnet provided on a moving vehicle and a track, a means for applying a magnetic field from the moving vehicle to the track; Vehicle speed detection using electromagnetic force between a magnet that generates this, a means for measuring an electromagnetic force parallel to the orbit acting on the magnet, and a means for determining the speed by this. Device. (2) A patent claim comprising means for correcting a change in the electromagnetic force due to a change in the distance between the orbit and the magnet by measuring the electromagnetic force perpendicular to the orbit acting between the orbit and the magnet. Vehicle speed detection device according to scope (1). (3) The arm supporting the magnet has a structure that can rotate at a minute angle, and has a structure in which the rotational moment is equal to that of the arm extending in the opposite direction from the rotation support part. Vehicle speed detection device. (4) The magnet is subdivided horizontally in the traveling direction, and the subdivided magnet always located close to the orbit is selected and its electromagnetic force is measured. The vehicle speed detection device described in item 1).