JPH01298887A - Special reproducing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make the size of the device small and to reduce the manufacture cost by using a solid-state image pickup device not used at reproduction as a memory so as to apply still reproduction and slow reproduction. CONSTITUTION:A CCD image pickup device is used as a solid-state image pickup device of a video camera and a write horizontal CCD register 25 is provided in addition to a horizontal CCD register 14 for readout as a horizontal CCD register being a horizontal transfer section of the CCD image pickup device. Then a video signal V reproduced by a VTR is written in a vertical CCD register 12 via a write horizontal CCD register 25 and the video signal V written in the vertical CCD register 12 is read via the horizontal CCD register 14 to apply still reproduction and slow reproduction. Thus, the CCD image pickup device not in use at reproduction is used as the memory to apply slow reproduction and still reproduction, then the size is made small and the manufacture cost is reduced.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) This invention is applicable to, for example, a video tape recorder (hereinafter referred to as V
The present invention relates to a special playback device for a camera-integrated VTR that integrates a video camera and a video camera.

(Prior Art) In conventional VTRs, slow playback and still playback are performed using the following configuration.

One is a configuration in which a double azimuth head system with four video heads is used as the head system, and by switching the outputs of these video heads, still playback and slow playback are performed using the video signal for one field. The other method is to use a normal head system with two video heads, but instead provide a field memory, write analog/digital converted video signals to this memory, and write video signals from this memory. The configuration is such that field still playback and field slow playback are performed by reading out.

However, the former configuration requires two additional video heads, and the latter configuration requires an analog/digital conversion circuit and memory. For this reason, with conventional configurations, there are problems with increased manufacturing costs and increased size of devices, and camera-integrated VTs that require lower prices and smaller size
This was difficult to apply to R special playback equipment.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As mentioned above, conventional VTR special playback devices require many video heads, analog/digital conversion circuits, and field memories, so the camera There is a problem in that it is difficult to apply this method to a special playback device for a body type VTR.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a special playback device that can perform slow playback and still playback with an inexpensive and compact configuration in a camera-integrated VTR.

[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problem) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention uses a solid-state imaging device as a photoelectric conversion device of a video camera, and uses a readout device as a horizontal transfer section of the solid-state imaging device. A horizontal transfer section for writing and a horizontal transfer section for writing are provided, and a reproduced video signal output from a recording/reproducing section of a VTR or the like is written to the vertical transfer section via the horizontal transfer section for writing; Still playback or slow playback is performed by reading out the received video signal via the reading horizontal transfer section.

(Function) According to the above configuration, it is possible to perform still playback and slow playback by using the solid-state imaging device that is not used during playback as a memory. - There is no need to provide a separate memory, and the head method Since a normal head system can be used, it is possible to downsize the device and reduce manufacturing costs.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing, in particular, the configuration of a solid-state imaging device of a video camera, among the configurations of an embodiment of the present invention. Note that the illustrated solid-state imaging device is a CCD imaging device using a charge-coupled device (CCD) in a charge transfer section.

In FIG. 1, 11 is a photodiode that converts light into electric charges. The photodiodes 11 are provided as many as the number of display pixels according to the configuration of the display screen. 12 is a vertical CCD register that sequentially transfers the charges accumulated in the photodiode 11 in the vertical direction in units of one horizontal line. Reference numeral 13 denotes a transfer gate which serves as a gate for transferring the charge of the photodiode 11 to the vertical CCD register 12. Reference numeral 14 denotes a horizontal CCD register for reading, which transfers charges of each horizontal line transferred from the vertical CCD register 12 horizontally in units of pixels in synchronization with horizontal image scanning. 15 is the horizontal COD register 14
This is a charge detector that outputs the charge outputted from the camera as a video signal V. 16 is an output terminal for the video signal V. 17
18, 19, and 20 are control terminals to which clock signals for driving the vertical CCD register 12 are applied. 2
1.22 is a control terminal to which a clock signal for driving the horizontal CCD register 14 is applied.

The above is the same as a normal CCD imaging device.

Next, the features of this invention will be explained.

23 is an input terminal to which a video signal V reproduced from a VTR (not shown) is supplied. 24 is a charge injector for converting the video signal V supplied to this internal terminal into charges. Reference numeral 25 denotes a horizontal CCD register that transfers the charges output from the charge injector 24 in the horizontal direction pixel by pixel in synchronization with horizontal image scanning. 26.27 is horizontal C
This is a control terminal to which a clock signal for driving the CD register 25 is applied.

The horizontal CCD register 25 is provided at an end of the vertical CCD register 12 opposite to the end where the horizontal CCD register 14 is provided.

In the above configuration, the operation will be explained.

First, normal photoelectric conversion operation will be explained.

The charges accumulated in the photodiode 11 are supplied to the vertical CCD register 12 via the transfer gate 13. The data is then transferred in the vertical direction by the vertical CCD register 12 and supplied to the horizontal CCD register 14 one horizontal line at a time.

The signal is then transferred in the horizontal direction by the horizontal CCD register 14 and output as a video signal V to the output terminal 16 via the charge detector 15. This video signal V is recorded on a videotape using a VTR (not shown) or displayed as an image on a display device.

Next, write and read operations for special reproduction, which is a feature of this embodiment, will be explained.

First, the write operation will be explained.

The video signal V reproduced by the VTR is supplied to the input terminal 23. The video signal V supplied to this input terminal 23 is supplied to a horizontal CCD register 25 via a charge injector 24 and transferred in the horizontal direction. In this case, the frequency of the clock signal is set so that the horizontal line of the video signal v1 including the color burst signal BU, excluding the horizontal synchronization signal HD, is accumulated in the horizontal CCD register 25, as shown in FIG. ing. Assuming that the number of horizontal pixels of the CCD imaging device is 668 (the number of vertical CCD registers 13), one horizontal scanning period is 63.5 μsec, the synchronization signal period is 4,
The period of the video signal V accumulated in the horizontal CCD register 25 from 7 μsec becomes 58.86 μsec. In order to store this video signal, the frequency fCK of the clock signal for transfer may be set to: Due to signal processing reasons, fcx-n
In accordance with fH, when fc x =722 fH-11, 36 MHz, a video signal with a time width of can be stored in the horizontal COD register 25. This is a sufficient amount of information for the video signal V including the burst signal BU.

The video signal V accumulated in the horizontal COD register 25 is transferred to the vertical CCD register 12 during the horizontal synchronization signal period. When this horizontal synchronization signal period has passed, the video signal V of the next horizontal line is transferred to the horizontal COD register 25, and the video signal V for one horizontal line is accumulated. During the next horizontal synchronization signal period, the charge previously transferred to the vertical COD register 12 is transferred to the next stage, and at the same time, the charge in the horizontal COD register 25 is transferred to the vertical CCD register 12. By repeating this operation, charges for one field can be accumulated in the vertical COD register 12.

Next, the read operation will be explained.

The charges accumulated in the vertical CCD register 12 are transferred to the horizontal CCD register 14 on the reading side during the vertical blanking period.
Horizontal lines are transferred. At the same time, other charges are also shifted within the vertical CCD register 12 by one horizontal line. The charges transferred to the horizontal CCD register 14 are transferred in the horizontal direction. This charge is taken out by a charge detector 15 to an output terminal 16 as a video signal. Output terminal 16
The video signal (2) taken out is supplied to a correlation square sampling circuit 28, as shown in FIG. After the noise is reduced by the correlation square sampling circuit 28, unnecessary high-frequency components are removed by the low-pass filter 29.

As shown in FIG. 4, a horizontal synchronizing signal HD is added to the video signal V output from the LPF 29, the details of which will be described later. During this horizontal synchronization signal period, the video signal ■ for the next horizontal line is transferred from the vertical COD register 12 to the horizontal COD register 12.
The charge of each horizontal line is transferred to the D register 14, and within the vertical COD register 12, the charges of one horizontal line are transferred in the vertical direction. Thereafter, the video signal V is read out from the horizontal CCD register 14 as described above. When the video signal V for one field is read out in this way, a horizontal synchronizing signal HD and a vertical synchronizing signal VD are added, forming a vertical blanking period. At the same time, the supply of the clock signal for transfer is stopped, and preparations are made until the next write and read.

In this way, vertical charge transfer and addition of the horizontal synchronization signal HD are performed during the horizontal synchronization signal period T in FIG. 4, horizontal charge transfer is performed during the picture period T2, and vertical blanking period T3 is performed. At , charge transfer is stopped and a horizontal synchronizing signal HD and a vertical synchronizing signal VD are added.

Note that during the write and read operation periods, no charge is transferred from the photodiode 11 to the vertical CCD register 12. Therefore, the substrate voltage is set so that the charge accumulated in the photodiode 11 easily flows toward the substrate of the vertical overflow drain structure.

Furthermore, in order to suppress the incidence of light into the CCD imaging device, the aperture of the lens is minimized or set to not allow any light to pass through.

Still playback and slow playback are performed using the above write and read operations.

Now, these playback operations will be specifically explained.

First, still playback will be explained.

During this still playback, as shown in FIG. , A track).

This can be achieved by well-known servo techniques.

By setting the trajectory T of the A head and B head in this way, as shown in FIG. 6, when playing back the A head,
Sufficient reproduction output is obtained, and when the B head is reproduced, the reproduction output disappears at the center of one field, and a reproduction output that generates a noise bar is obtained.

This reproduction output is supplied to the circuit shown in FIG. FIG. 7 shows a circuit for writing and reading the above-described video signal V to and from the CCD imaging device.

In the write/read circuit shown in FIG.
The video signal reproduced in step 1 is sent to the time base collector 32.
After the time fluctuation is removed, the switch 33,
Delivered at 34.35.

During one field period when the A head is reproducing, the movable contact piece of the switch 33 is connected to the fixed terminal a side in accordance with the switching pulse SP supplied to the terminal 36. As a result, A
The video signal reproduced by the head is supplied to the input terminal 23 via the switch 33 and written to the vertical CCD register 12 of the CCD imaging device. Further, during this period, the switch 34 is turned on in accordance with the switching pulse SP, and the video signal V reproduced by the A head is supplied to the horizontal synchronization separation circuit 37. The horizontal synchronization separation circuit 37 separates the horizontal synchronization signal HD from the input signal and supplies this separated output to the timing generator 38. This timing generator 38 generates a clock signal for writing and driving the CCD imaging device according to the separated output of the horizontal synchronizing signal HD. Furthermore, the reproduction period of this A head is controlled by the switch 35 according to the switching pulse SP.
The movable contact piece is connected to the fixed terminal a. As a result, A
The video signal V reproduced by the head is sent to the switch 35.
The image is displayed via a display circuit (not shown).

The video signal V for one field is accumulated in the vertical COD register 12 of the CCD imaging device, and in the vertical blanking period, the switch 3 is activated in accordance with the switching pulse SP.
The movable contact piece 3.35 is connected to the fixed terminal, and the switch 34 is turned off. Further, the timing generator 38 outputs a clock signal for reading and driving the CCD imaging device, and also outputs a synchronization signal HD.

Generates VD. This allows the vertical COD register 12
The video signal V of the previous field stored in the CCD
Read out from the imaging device. This readout output is transmitted to the output terminal 16, the correlation square sampling circuit 28, and the LPF 29.
is supplied to the synchronization signal addition circuit 39 via
After the synchronizing signals HD and VD outputted from the timing generator 38 are added in the synchronizing signal adding circuit 39, the signals are supplied to the display circuit via the switch 35.

Synchronization signal H output from timing generator 39
D and VD are not regular synchronization signals. For this reason,
This horizontal synchronizing signal HD is added for an extra long period of time for one field, corresponding to the difference between tracks called αH of the VTR 31. Further, the readout timing of the video signal V from the CCD imaging device is controlled so as to maintain the continuity of the video signal.

The timing generator 38 has a phase-locked loop circuit (hereinafter referred to as a PLL circuit), and this PLL circuit has a phase-locked loop circuit (hereinafter referred to as a PLL circuit).
Using the LL circuit, a clock signal which is synchronized with the separated output of the horizontal synchronizing signal HD and has a frequency 722×2 times the horizontal scanning frequency is generated and supplied to the CCD imaging device. This timing generator 38
The operation of the CC is synchronized with the separated output of the horizontal synchronizing signal HD while the reproduced video signal V is stored in the CCD imaging device.
While reading the video signal V from the D imaging device, the phase state during the accumulation period is maintained.

The reproduction period of the B head is supplied to the CCD imaging device by connecting the movable contact piece of the switch 33 to the fixed terminal, but in the read mode of the CCD imaging device, the clock is supplied to the horizontal CCD register 25. Since no signal is provided, the readout output is not written to the CCD imaging device again.

When the video signal V for one field is read out from the CCD imaging device, the movable contacts of the switches 33 and 35 are connected to the fixed terminal a again, and the reproduction output of the A head is written and displayed.

Similarly, during the reproduction period of the A head, the reproduction video signal V is written and displayed, and during the reproduction period of the B head, the CCD
The video signal V stored in the imaging device is displayed.

This situation is shown in FIG. In this Figure 8, (a)
indicates the drive mode of the CCD imaging device.

Here, W indicates write mode and R indicates read mode. FIG. 5B shows a playback head, and FIG. 1C shows a video signal to be displayed. Here, V (P) is a reproduced video signal, and V (R) is a read video signal.

In addition, in the above explanation, the configuration was explained in which the reproduced video signal V is written to the solid-state imaging device every reproduction period of the A head, but once the video signal Writing and reading may be repeated.

A write/read circuit for realizing this is shown in FIG. In FIG. 9, the same parts as in FIG. 7 are given the same reference numerals.

In FIG. 9, the movable contacts of switches 33 and 35 are connected to fixed terminal a only during the first reproduction period of the A head, and then connected to fixed terminal A. Further, the switch 34 is
It is turned on only during the first playback period of the A head, and after that,
It is set to off state.

As a result, during the first reproduction period of the A head, the reproduced video signal V is written to the CCD imaging device, and is also supplied to the display circuit for image display. Then, when the first reproduction period of the A head ends, the video signal V read out from the CCD imaging device is provided for image display and is written into the CCD imaging device again. Thereafter, this operation is repeated to perform still playback.

Note that when this cyclic operation is performed, the gain of the cyclic loop is 1.
If it is smaller, the level of the video signal V will decrease.

Therefore, in the circuit shown in FIG. 9, an automatic gain control circuit consisting of a gain control circuit 41, a burst sampling circuit 42, and a gain detection circuit 43 is provided to keep the amplitude of the color burst signal BU constant, thereby controlling the phase of the video signal V. I am trying to keep it constant.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the appearance of this circulating operation in the same manner as in FIG. 8 above.

Next, slow playback will be explained using 174 times slow playback as a representative example.

During this 1/4 times slow playback, the video tape is run at 1/4 times the speed of normal playback, and the rotational frequency detection output of the video head is phase-locked to the playback control signal. A head trajectory as shown in the figure can be realized. Here, one person indicated by a solid line indicates the trajectory of head A, and TB indicated by a broken line indicates the trajectory of head B. In this case, the reproduction output of each head is the reproduction output from the same azimuth track every 8 fields, and the same waveform is repeated.

Now, as shown in Figure 12, during the A head playback period of ■,
,) The maximum output of the rack is obtained, and during this period, the movable contacts of the switches 33 and 35 shown in FIG. 9 are connected to the terminal a side, and the switch 38 is turned on. As a result, as shown in Figure 12, A
The video signal V reproduced by the head is written to a CCD imaging device, and is also supplied to a display circuit for image display. During periods (1) to (2), the movable contacts of the switches 33 and 35 are connected to the fixed terminals, and the switch 34 is turned off. As a result, the video signal V read out from the CCD imaging device is included in image display, and
It is written to the CCD imaging device again.

In this way, the playback output of the rack A) is read out seven times, and after 8 fields, the playback video signal of the AW track is written to the CCD imaging device, and by repeating the same operation, Regeneration can be achieved.

Next, so-called intermittent slow playback in which slow playback is performed by sending a videotape intermittently will be explained.

As a method for this intermittent slow playback, the following methods can be considered.

One method is to write the reproduced video signal V when the tape is fed, and perform cyclic reading when the tape is stopped.

The other one is when the tape is stopped, the previous figure 8 or 1
This is a method in which still playback is performed as explained in FIG. 0, and cyclic reading is performed while the tape is running.

As described above, this embodiment uses a CCD imaging device as a solid-state imaging device of a video camera, and
In addition to the horizontal COD register 14 for reading, a horizontal CCD register 25 for writing is provided as a horizontal COD register constituting the horizontal transfer section of the D imaging device. The video signal V is written to the vertical CCD register 12 via the register 25, and the video signal V written to the vertical CCD register 12 is read out via the readout horizontal CCD register 14 to perform still playback or slow playback. This is what I did.

According to the above configuration, slow playback and still playback are performed by using the CCD imaging device, which is not used during playback, as a memory, so there is no need to provide a separate memory, and the head system can be used as a normal head system. Camera-integrated VTR
It is possible to reduce the size of the device and reduce manufacturing costs.

Furthermore, CCD imaging devices are becoming more and more pixel-intensive.
The frequency of clock signals for horizontal transfer is also increasing to 10 KHz or higher. This frequency is a frequency that can be sufficiently restored even if the video signal V is sampled at baseband, and has a capacity that allows one field's worth of video signal V to be stored as is. In addition, the CCD imaging device has V
While the TR is being reproduced, the operation is stopped as described above. Therefore, during playback, even if the CCD imaging device is used as a memory to perform still playback or slow playback of a VTR, the same problem will not occur.

In the above description, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 9, the case has been described in which the time base collector 32 is used to perform high-speed reading with the time base stabilized. but,
Timebase collectors are expensive. Therefore, it is preferable to stabilize the time base without using a time base collector.

The playback signal of a general home VTR has large fluctuations in the time axis, so if a constant frequency clock signal is used to write to the CCD image sensor, it may become impossible to perform vertical transfer in the horizontal synchronization signal section. occurs. In such a case,
Since vertical transfer is performed during a part of the video signal V, signal loss occurs in that part.

As shown in FIG. 13, when the horizontal scanning period of the video signal ends, a short period of time from the beginning of the next horizontal synchronizing signal HD is stored, and then vertically transferred and stored during the period of the subsequent horizontal synchronizing signal HD. , at the time of reading, the horizontal transfer is stopped when the horizontal synchronization signal HD is read out, and the horizontal synchronization signal H of a certain length is
By adding D, signal continuity can be maintained even for the video signal V containing jitter. In this case, it is also possible to insert a special discrimination signal into the synchronization signal portion for a short period of time and perform detection.

Further, in the present invention, a solid-state imaging device other than a solid-state imaging device using COD may be used.

Furthermore, it goes without saying that the present invention can be applied to special playback devices for combination devices other than VTRs, such as a recording/playback section and a video camera.

[Effect of the invention] As described above, according to the present invention, the camera-type VT
In R, still playback and slow playback can be performed with an inexpensive configuration.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a part of an embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 2 to 4 are diagrams for explaining the operation of FIG. 1, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are diagrams for explaining still playback. FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing an example of the configuration of another part of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining still playback of one embodiment, FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of another example of other parts of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining still playback of one embodiment. 11 and 12 are diagrams for explaining slow playback of one embodiment, and FIG. 13 is a signal waveform diagram for explaining another embodiment of the present invention. be. 11... Photodiode, 12... Vertical CCD register, 13... Transfer gate, 14°25.
・Horizontal CCD register, 15 ・Charge detector, 16
...Output terminal, 17, 18, 19.20.21゜22
．． 26.27...Control terminal, 23...Input terminal, 2
4... Charge injector, 28... Correlation square sampling circuit, 29. LPF, 31. VTR, 32-9 Imbase collector, 33, 34. 35... Switch, 3
6...Terminal, 37...Horizontal synchronization separation circuit, 38...
- Timing generator, 39... Synchronization signal addition circuit, 41... Gain control circuit, 42... Burst extraction circuit, 43... Gain detection circuit. Applicant's Representative Patent Attorney Takehiko Suzue Figure 2 Figure 6 Figure 11 Section

Claims (1)

[Claims] A solid-state imaging device that converts light into an electrical signal, a recording/playback section capable of recording and playing back a video signal output as an electrical signal from the solid-state imaging device, and a playback output of the recording/playback section described above. The solid-state imaging device includes: a writing means for writing into the solid-state imaging device; and a reading means for reading out a video signal from the solid-state imaging device; A vertical transfer section that transfers the charges accumulated in the vertical direction in the vertical direction according to the vertical image scanning, and a readout horizontal section that transfers the charges transferred from the vertical transfer section in the horizontal direction in synchronization with the horizontal image scanning. a transfer section; and a write horizontal transfer section that transfers the reproduction output of the recording/reproduction section in the horizontal direction in synchronization with horizontal image scanning, and the writing means includes the write horizontal transfer section. The readout means is configured to write the playback output of the recording/playback unit to the vertical transfer unit via the reading horizontal transfer unit, and the readout unit is configured to read the charge of the vertical transfer unit via the horizontal readout transfer unit. A special playback device characterized by: