JPH0129542Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the idea]

This invention relates to a device for measuring the amount of loaded soil in a dredger that eliminates the conventional analog method of measuring the amount of loaded soil, digitizes it, uses a microcomputer to standardize the component equipment, and improves measurement accuracy. For dredging vessels, dredging is carried out by lowering dredging conduits from the ship's port and starboard decks to the seabed like arms from the ship's tank, and sucking up earth and sand from the seabed along with seawater into the ship's tank. Therefore, dredging work is carried out while balancing the water intake at the bow and stern, and while measuring the depth of the seabed indicated by the tip of the dredging conduit. Also, measuring the amount of soil loaded in a ship's tank is an important means of evaluating the results of dredging work. The amount of loaded soil has traditionally been measured based on changes in the displacement of a ship, and the standard for this has been based on the measurement of stuttering using an air purge type pressure measuring device. That is, by measuring spinal pressure using an air purge method, the depth proportional to this pressure is measured. The displacement is calculated by calculating the hull volume as the product of this stifling water and the hull area. Conventionally, in measuring the amount of loaded soil, errors due to differences in the mounting position of the air purge port, which is the pressure detection end, which affects the accuracy of stuttering, have been corrected by using the output range of the pressure transmitter of the pressure measurement device. This correction value may not be accurately known until the ship is near completion, so it is often impossible to correct it.
Depending on the installation location, a pressure transmitter with a special range was required. In addition, various calculation constants depending on the hull structure must be set and corrected using the circuit constants of the analog amplifier, and as the circuit constants are corrected for each measurement system, there are problems such as affecting other setting constants. These calculation constants were often unknown until the ship was commissioned, making it difficult to make sufficient corrections in a short period of time. In view of these circumstances, the present invention uses a microcomputer to perform all calculations for measuring the amount of loaded soil, standardizes the various components of the measuring device and its usage, and performs corrections etc. through software processing. Dredger loading volume that simplifies instrumentation work, allows setting constants and conversion constants to be modified at any time even after instrumentation is completed, and provides sufficient compensation to improve measurement accuracy and economic efficiency. The purpose is to provide a measuring device. Therefore, calculation of the total displacement by a broken line approximation, which shows the change in the total displacement of the ship according to the change in the stuttering at the center of the ship, was previously impossible, but it has become possible with the use of a computer, and the types of set constants can be changed.
The number of digits set in the PROM is 44 digits, and the number set in the digital switch is 88 digits, which cannot be corrected with resistors in conventional analog calculation circuits. Examples will be described below based on the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a pressure measuring device for measuring stuttering and depth, showing one embodiment of the device according to the present invention. Fig. 1a is an explanatory diagram of the ship side equipment part of the pressure measuring device for the measurement of dredging water. Shows the thin conduit that transmits the information. Reference numeral 6 is a thin conduit having the same shape as conduit 4, which guides the air purge bubbles into the atmosphere, and is an indicator tube indicating that air purge is being carried out properly, and is installed along with conduit 4 on the ship's side. Further, the position of the air purge port 13, which is the pressure detection end, is located at a distance F from the bow and f from the bottom of the ship. The captain is L, and the air purge ports 13 of the other two pressure measuring devices 3 are installed at the center of the ship and at the position A from the stern, and are both m and a distance from the bottom of the ship. When the plug of the air purge box 5 is opened, seawater rises through the conduits 4 and 6 and reaches a position equal to the sea level 11. When the air purge is performed, the water column in the conduit 4 is pushed down and the air pressure is maintained at a pressure at which slight bubbles are observed in the conduit 6, and this spinal pressure is measured and becomes the hydration value. FIG. 1b is an explanatory diagram of a pressure measuring device for depth measurement. In Fig. 1b, dredging conduits 2 are lowered to the sea level 12 on both sides of the dredger 1, and a thin conduit 10 is also lowered along the dredging conduits to open air purge ports 13 at distances P and S from the seabed 12. will be installed. If the air purge is properly performed, the depth of the ocean floor 12 can be accurately measured as spinal pressure. FIG. 1c is an explanatory diagram of the pressure measuring device 3. In Fig. 1c, the spinal pressure in the conduit 4 is controlled by a pressure reducing valve and a needle valve, and is measured by a pressure transmitter 8, and the analog input signal is a direct current
The current value is converted from 4mA to 20mA and output from terminal 9. Terminal 7 is a signal input terminal that controls the solenoid valve and turns the air ON and OFF.
14 is a pressure gauge. The pressure transmitter may be a standard one, for example, one with a range of 0 to 1 Kg/cm ² for up to 10 m, and 0 to 3 Kg/cm ² for up to 30 m.
It is necessary to create a pressure transmitter with a special range by determining a standard range, such as a range, and correcting this range by adjusting the position of the air purge port 13, for example, distances f, m, a, p, and s, as in the past. will disappear. That is, these corrections are performed by a microcomputer, for example, as follows: df=10/f ₁ ·Sω(if-f ₂ )+f (1). Here, f ₁ and f ₂ are range values, and if is from 4mA
The pressure conversion current value of spinal pressure in the range of 20 mA, df is hiccup and Sω is seawater specific gravity. Of course, the numbers start from 0.
It was exchanged for a number of 1000. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the main processing unit showing one embodiment of the device according to the present invention. In FIG. 2, the main processing unit is composed of a main processing panel 40 and peripheral devices connected through respective terminals. The microcomputer has a central processing unit 21 and an input/output controller 2.
2. The memory device 23 and the memory controller 24 are connected by a bus. The digital switch 25 stores various setting constants and conversion constants in the memory 23 via the memory controller 24. Digital display 2
6 is a 7-digit LED display with lighting control, which digitally displays the earth and sand weight and other values set by the digital switch 25. Digital display 2
7 and 28 indicate the dredging depth of the seabed where the dredging conduit 2 is located. 29 supplies compressed air to the pressure measuring device 3, outputs an analog input signal from the pressure transmitter 8, and outputs an analog input signal to the main operation panel 40 in the remote wheelhouse.
This is an operation panel for measuring pressure to be sent to the terminal 35 of. 3
Reference numeral 0 designates a power supply device which inputs a power supply of 220 VAC and sends a current to the computer via the terminal 34 of the main processing panel 40, and also sends a driving voltage directly to the pressure transmitter 8. A trend pen recorder 31 is connected to the input/output controller 22 via a terminal 36 of the main processing panel, and graphically displays a digital output signal indicating the weight of earth and sand as an analog signal using a D/A converter. 32 is a terminal of the main processing panel that connects the digital displays 27 and 28 to the input/output controller 22. 33 is a terminal of the main processing panel 40 that connects the power switch 37 to the power supply device 30. The dredging depth of the seabed is displayed on the digital displays 27 and 28 and remotely displayed on the digital displays 38 and 39 of the pressure measurement operation panel 29. Next, the operation of this device will be explained. Power switch 37
When the drive voltage is turned ON and compressed air is sent to various locations via the pressure measurement operation panel 29, various analog input signals are input to the input/output controller 22. Here, the analog address switch and A/D
Various analog input signals are repeatedly scanned and sampled by the converter at a cycle of 10 seconds to 30 seconds and successively converted into respective digital input signals. For each stutter, each depth, and the level of the cargo in the tank from the bottom of the ship, correction calculations are performed using the air purge port installation position, range correction, and seawater specific gravity correction constant as shown in equation (1). Here, the seawater specific gravity is set by an external digital switch 25, the correction constant for the mounting position is set by an internal digital switch, and the range constant is set and stored in the PROM of the memory 23. This correction calculation is performed by the central processing unit 21.
Furthermore, since the water at the bow and stern mutually influence each other, a correlation correction is calculated using the following equation. If the bow water Df and the stern water Da are Df=(L-A)df-F・da/L-(A+F)...(2)
Da=(L-F) da-A・df/L-(A+F)...(3)
In equations (2) and (3), L, A, and F represent the aforementioned distances, and df and da represent the water intake at the bow and stern air purge ports. Next, the total displacement is calculated by a broken line approximation that shows the change in the total displacement of the ship according to the change in the corrected stuttering of the ship's midship position, and the total weight is calculated and stored by multiplying this total displacement by the corrected seawater specific gravity constant. do. Next, the weight of the ship, fresh water, fuel oil, etc.

[Table] In Table 1, A is the total displacement, B is the displacement equivalent to the load,
C indicates the displacement in tons, and D indicates the displacement of the hull. A=B+D+E=B+C, ...(4) B=A-C ...(5) That is, the relationship from equation (4) to equation (5) holds true. The displacement C in the situation where there is no cargo is equal to the displacement A, and can be determined from the water intake.The displacement C, which is the sum of the ship weight D and the displacement E of fresh water, fuel oil, etc., is the total weight without any cargo. In other words, it is equal to the total weight before dredging begins. The total weight without the loaded items is calculated and stored. Next, since seawater and earth and sand are mixed in the cargo, the following relationship holds true. ω=(V−Δ)Sω+ΔSm+ω ₀ ...(6) In equation (6), ω is the total weight, ω ₀ is the total weight without loaded objects, V is the cargo volume of the ship's tank, Δ is the cargo volume of earth and sand, Assuming that Sω is the specific gravity constant of seawater and Sm is the specific gravity constant of earth and sand, the total weight is the sum of the weight of seawater in the tank, the weight of earth and sand, and the total weight without cargo, as shown in equation 6. Therefore, the following equation (7) is obtained from equation (6). Δ=ω−ω ₀ −VSω/Sm−Sω (7) In other words, the loading volume Δ of earth and sand is determined by equation (7) and is expressed in units of m ³ . The above calculations are performed by a microcomputer shown on the main calculation panel 40. Sediment weight, bow and stern water,
The dredging depth of the seabed is displayed as a calculation output on various digital displays and trend pen recorders to facilitate dredging work. As explained above, when using the loaded soil volume measuring device of the present invention, the various components of the measuring device and their usage are standardized, and corrections etc. are performed by software processing, so that instrumentation work can be performed easily. The setting constants and conversion constants can be easily modified at any time during maintenance, making corrections easy.
The total weight can be approximated by a broken line, which significantly improves measurement accuracy and improves economic efficiency, which is a great practical effect.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a pressure measuring device for measuring stuttering and depth, showing an embodiment of the device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the main processing unit showing one embodiment of the device according to the present invention. 1... dredger, 2... dredging conduit, 3... pressure measuring device, 4, 6 and 10... conduit, 7 and 9... terminal, 11... sea surface, 12... seabed, 13... air purge port, 14... Pressure gauge, 5... Air purge box, 21... Central processing unit, 22... Input/output controller, 23... Memory device, 24... Memory controller, 25
... Digital switch, 29 ... Pressure measurement operation panel, 26 and 27 and 28 and 38 and 39 ... Digital display, 30 ... Power supply device, 31 ... Trend pen recorder, 32 and 33 and 34 and 35 and 3
6...terminal, 37...power switch, 40...main operation panel.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] A dredger that dredges the seabed by descending dredging conduits from the ship's tank over the decks on both sides of the ship to the seabed like arms, and sucking up earth and sand along with seawater into the tank. , an air purge type pressure measuring device that measures the depth indicated by the dredging conduit at each position at the bow, stern, and midship, and the dredging conduit on both port and starboard sides, and each pressure transmitter having a standard range in the pressure measuring device. an input/output controller that scans and samples the analog input signal transmitted from the device at a constant cycle using an analog address switch and an A/D converter, and inputs the digitally converted input signal to the central processing unit; Each digital input signal is corrected using an error constant due to the installation position of the air purge port, a range correction constant, and a seawater specific gravity correction constant. Furthermore, the correlation between the stuttering at the bow and stern positions due to the hull structure is corrected, and the A central computing unit that calculates the total displacement by a broken line approximation that shows the change in the total displacement of the ship according to changes in the corrected stanchion, and calculates the sediment weight from this total displacement using the above-mentioned corrected seawater specific gravity constant and sediment specific gravity constant. A device for measuring the amount of loaded earth on a dredger, comprising: a microcomputer having a microcomputer;