JPH01292232A - Frictional and wear tester - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To impart an arbitrary slip ratio and slip angle to a sample, by rotating a cylindrical grinding body by a drive motor and driving a sample shaft for holding an elastic sample by a sample driving means and a sample revolving means. CONSTITUTION:A cylindrical grinding body 3 is rotated by a drive motor 2 and a sample shaft for holding an elastic sample is driven by a sample driving means 8 and a sample revolving means 16. The grinding body 3 and the elastic sample are respectively and independently revolved and driven to impart a slip ratio to the elastic sample while the elastic sample is revolved around a vertical load line 15 by the sample revolving means 16 to impart a slip angle on the grinding surface of the grinding body 3. By this method, the sample shaft 6 and the grinding shaft of the grinding body 3 can be respectively and independently driven with the predetermined number of rotations.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention is a friction and wear testing device, for example, for accurately measuring frictional properties such as frictional force and frictional torque, and amount of wear of viscoelastic members such as elastic bodies and synthetic resins. Concerning a friction and wear tester for measurement.

(Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention) Conventionally,
As a friction and wear tester, for example, the outer circumferential surface of a sample made of a disk-shaped viscoelastic member is pressed against the outer circumferential surface of a disk-shaped grindstone with a constant load, and the circumferential speeds of the sample and the grindstone are varied to measure the outer circumference. There is a method that measures the amount of wear on a sample over a certain period of time by allowing the surfaces to slip against each other. This is because the same outer circumferential surface of the grindstone is used repeatedly, so the worn dregs of the sample adhere to the outer circumferential surface. Therefore, in order to prevent this, there is a so-called Lambourn abrasion tester that performs an abrasion test by dropping sand or the like onto the outer peripheral surface of a grindstone.

However, these abrasion testers have problems in that, depending on the material of the sample, the sample may bounce or it may not be possible to accurately measure the amount of wear or frictional force.

There is also a DIN abrasion tester according to the West German standard, in which emery paper as an abrasive member is attached to the outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical drum. In this abrasion test, the end face of a sample made of a viscoelastic member to be tested is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of a rotating drum with a constant load, and is moved in the polishing axis direction, which is the axial direction of the drum. I do. However, since the sample is solid and its end surfaces are fixed, it is not possible to apply a circumferential velocity to the sample end surface, so testing with varying slip ratios is not possible. There was a problem in that it was not possible to perform a test in which an arbitrary angle was given to the slip angle, that is, a so-called slip angle was given.

Conventionally, there has been no tool that can independently apply the slip ratio and slip angle of a sample to cause wear, and at the same time measure the frictional force and amount of wear with high accuracy.

Therefore, in the present invention, the sample axis and the polishing axis can be driven independently at a predetermined rotation speed, and the sample can be tested with arbitrary slip ratios and slip angles, and the friction and wear tests can be performed on the sample always with a freshly polished surface. Another object of the present invention is to provide a friction and wear tester that can evaluate friction force and wear amount with high accuracy over a long period of time.

(Means for Solving the Problems) A friction and wear tester according to the present invention includes a cylindrical abrasive body that is rotated by a drive motor and has an abrasive surface on its outer periphery, and a disc-shaped abrasive body that is rotatable in contact with the outer periphery of the abrasive body. A sample driving means that is connected to a sample shaft holding an elastic sample via a connecting member A and drives the sample axis, and has a fulcrum on the same horizontal plane as the contact position where the polishing surface of the polishing body and the outer peripheral surface of the elastic sample contact. load applying means for holding the sample shaft at the tip of a support arm extending from the fulcrum and applying a load to the elastic sample by a load along a vertical load line passing through the contact position and perpendicular to the sample axis; A sample rotating means that rotates around the vertical load line via a connecting member B, a moving means that reciprocates the sample shaft in the axial direction of the polishing body, and a torque sensor provided on the sample shaft near the elastic sample. , and includes a friction torque detection means for detecting the friction torque of the elastic sample, and a friction force detection means for detecting the friction force in the axial direction of the abrasive body. The method is characterized in that the outer circumferential surface of an elastic sample rotated against the polishing surface of the polishing body is pressed with a predetermined load while moving back and forth in the axial direction of the polishing body to cause wear, and the amount of wear and friction characteristics are measured. There is.

(Function) The friction and wear tester according to the present invention has a drive motor that rotates a cylindrical abrasive body, a sample drive means that drives a sample shaft that holds an elastic sample, and a sample rotation means. The body and the elastic sample can be rotated independently to give a slip rate to the elastic sample, and the elastic sample can be rotated around the vertical load line by the sample rotation means so that the elastic sample can be rotated on the polishing surface of the polishing body. can give the slip angle.

Further, the elastic sample is held on the sample axis at the tip of a support arm extending from the fulcrum, and is loaded with a load along a vertical load line perpendicular to the sample axis. The sample shaft is connected to the sample driving means via the connecting member A and to the sample rotating means via the connecting member B, so the weight of the main parts of the sample driving means and the sample rotating means is It can be made lightweight without being loaded, and vibrations and force transmitted from these means are absorbed and alleviated by these connecting members and are not transmitted to the sample axis. These also allow the sample drive means to drive the sample shaft, and the sample rotation means to rotate the sample shaft around the vertical load line, without significantly affecting the load applied to the elastic sample.

Further, since the elastic sample is moved by the moving means and is constantly worn on a new polished surface, the polished surface of the elastic sample is always clean and the accuracy of the amount of wear is improved.

Therefore, the sample axis is not affected by the load applied, the rotation of the elastic sample, the rotation of the sample axis around the vertical load line, the amount of wear, etc. Therefore, the friction torque can be measured with high accuracy using the torque sensor installed on the sample shaft, and the frictional torque can be measured accurately by the friction force sensor.

Frictional force in the axial direction can also be measured with high accuracy.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

1 to 4 are diagrams showing an embodiment of the friction and wear tester according to the present invention.

First, the configuration will be explained. In Figure 1.2, l
is a friction and wear tester, and the friction and wear tester 1 includes a cylindrical abrasive body 3 that is rotated around an axis 3A by a drive motor 2 and has an abrasive surface 3a on the outer periphery, and a polished surface 3a of the abrasive body 3.
It has a sample shaft 6 that holds a rotatable disk-shaped elastic sample 5 in contact with the sample shaft 6, and a sample drive means 8 that is connected to the sample shaft 6 via a connecting member A7 and drives the sample shaft 6, It also has a fulcrum 10 on the same horizontal plane H as the contact position P where the polishing surface 3a of the polishing body 3 and the outer peripheral surface 5a of the elastic sample 5 come into contact, and is held within the tip 11a of a support arm 11 extending from the fulcrum 10. Load applying means 12 for applying a load to the elastic sample 5
and a sample rotating means 16 for rotating the sample shaft 6 through a contact position P via a connecting member B14 and around a vertical load line 15 perpendicular to the sample shaft 6.

18 is a moving means, and the moving means 18 is the sample driving means 8
, the load applying means 12 and the sample rotating means 16 are connected to the table top surface 1.
A movable base 19 fixed to each of the movable bases 9a, and a movable base 2 provided parallel to the axis 3A on a fixed base 20 below the movable base 19.
It has a book guide rail 21 and a motor 22 that can reciprocate the movable table 19 in the direction of the axis 3A of the polishing body 3 while being guided by the guide rail 21.

In FIG. 2, the brush 23 is provided so that its tip 23a is in contact with the polishing surface 3a of the polishing body 3 and is rotated by a motor 23A, so that the polishing surface 3a is constantly cleaned by removing sample debris adhering to the polishing surface 3a. Make it.

In FIG. 1, 24 is a friction torque detection means, and the friction torque detection means 24 is a torque sensor 25 provided near the elastic sample 5 held on the sample shaft 6 shown in FIG.
and a calculation unit 26 that receives the signal output from the torque sensor 25 and calculates the friction torque. 27 is a frictional force detection means, and the frictional force detection means 27 is connected to the support arm 1.
1 and has a friction force sensor 28 that detects the friction force in the direction of the axis 3A of the polishing body 3, and a calculation section 29 that receives a signal output from the friction force sensor 28 and calculates the friction force.

Furthermore, details will be explained.

In FIG. 1, the abrasive body 3 is a cylindrical drum having an abrasive surface 3a on which emery paper or the like is removably attached to the outer periphery of a cylindrical drum.

The abrasive body 3 is supported by a drum shaft 31, one end of the drum shaft 31 is supported by a pillow type bearing 32 on a fixed pedestal 20, the other end is supported by an angular bearing 33 on the fixed pedestal 20, and a clutch 34 and a reducer 35 are supported. The drive motor 2 is connected to the drive motor 2 through the drive motor 2. The abrasive body 3 can be rotated by the drive motor 2 at any rotational speed, that is, at any peripheral speed V. Also, when replacing the emery paper, use the clutch 34
This allows it to be disconnected from the drive system.

The sample shaft 6 is attached to a support arm 11 as shown in FIG. 2.3.
It is held via a bearing in a box 37 at the lower part of the tip ILa, and is connected via a bevel gear 39 to an intermediate shaft 38 perpendicular to the sample axis 6. The intermediate shaft 38 is connected by a universal joint 42 to a shaft 4I supported by a bearing 40 fixed to the movable base 19, as shown in FIG. The shaft 41 is further connected to a drive motor 43 via a gear and a reduction gear. Here, bevel gear 3
9. Intermediate shaft 3 days, universal joint 42, shaft 41
The bearing 40 constitutes a connecting member A7, and the gear, reducer, and drive motor 43 constitute a sample driving means 8. By driving the drive motor 43, the rotational force from the drive motor 43 is coupled to the sample shaft 6 via the coupling member A7. The elastic sample 5 attached to the sample shaft 6 with a nut 6A is rotated independently of the rotation speed of the polishing body 3.
It rotates at an arbitrary number of rotations, that is, at an arbitrary circumferential speed. Therefore, the elastic sample 5 has a circumferential velocity V with respect to the abrasive body 3.
It can be rotated to have an arbitrary slip ratio by changing s.

In FIG. 2, a weight 45 is replaceably attached to the upper part of the tip 11a of the support arm 11 on a vertical load line 15 that passes through the contact position P and is perpendicular to the sample axis 6. The support arm 11 is a fulcrum 1 supported on a movable base 19.
It can be rotated around 0. A counterbalance 46 is provided on the opposite side of the support arm 11 with the fulcrum 10 as the center.
is balanced with the weight of the support arm 11 including the box body 37, excluding the weight 45. For this reason, an arbitrarily chosen weight 4
5 is loaded onto the elastic sample 5 attached to the sample shaft 6 in the box body 37 along the vertical load line 15, pressing the elastic sample 5 against the polishing surface 3a of the polishing body 3. Further, by operating the air cylinder 47, it is possible to remove the load on the elastic sample 5. As mentioned above, the sample axis 6 is
Since it is driven by the sample drive means 8 via the connecting member A7, vibrations, forces, etc. caused by the sample drive means 8 are transmitted to the sample shaft 6.
The elastic sample 5 can be driven without being transmitted to the elastic sample 5 and without giving a large shape to the load applied to the elastic sample 5.

In FIG. 2, a worm wheel 48 is interposed between the center portion 11b of the tip 11a of the support arm 11 and the lower box body 37, and the worm wheel 48 rotates the sample axis 6 inside the box body 37 perpendicularly. It is rotatable around the load line 15.

In FIG. 4, the worm wheel 48 has a tip portion 11a.
A drive motor 5 is fixed to the movable base 19 via a worm shaft 49 and a universal joint 50.
It is connected to 1. For this reason, by driving the drive motor 51, the worm wheel 48 is rotated, the sample shaft 6 is rotated around the vertical load line 15, and the axis 5A of the elastic sample 5 is rotated.
Give the slip angle θ for 52 is a spline portion that allows the universal joint 50 to expand and contract.

53 is a potentiometer;
The slip angle θ of the elastic sample 5 can be detected as the rotation angle of the shaft of the drive motor 51. Here, the universal joint 50 is a connecting member B14, and the sample rotating means 16
is composed of a worm wheel 48, a worm shaft 49, and a drive motor 51.

The box body 37 housing the sample shaft 6 is rotated around the vertical load line 15 by a worm wheel 48, and the worm wheel 48 is driven by the sample rotating means 16 via the connecting member B14, so that the sample rotating means 16 are hardly transmitted to the sample shaft 6, and the elastic sample 5
(By rotating the sample shaft 6, a slip angle θ can be applied to the elastic sample 5.

For these reasons, the load applied to the elastic sample 5 is almost constant, almost unaffected by the sample drive means 8 and the sample rotation means 16. Further, since the torque sensor 25 is provided in the immediate vicinity of the elastic sample 5 on the sample shaft 6, the accuracy of detection of the friction torque Tt4 by the friction torque detection means 24 is extremely good.

Also, when the sample shaft 6 rotates, the sample shaft 6 is aligned with the axis 3 of the polishing body 3.
Frictional force F parallel to axis 3A that occurs during reciprocating movement in direction A
The accuracy of detection of 'zt is greatly improved.

When the elastic sample 5 comes into contact with the polishing surface 3a of the polishing body 3 and is worn, it is reciprocated in parallel to the axis 3A of the polishing body 3 by the moving means 18. The outer peripheral surface 5a of the elastic sample 5 is always cleaned by the tip 23a of the brush 23.
, the elastic sample 5 always wears under the same conditions. Therefore, the accuracy of the wear amount of the elastic sample 5 is greatly improved.

(Effects) As explained above, according to the present invention, the sample axis of the friction and wear tester and the polishing axis of the abrasive body can be driven independently at predetermined rotational speeds, and the elastic sample can be rotated at any slip rate and slip angle. Elastic samples can always be tested on a freshly polished surface for friction and wear tests. Furthermore, highly accurate evaluation of friction force and amount of wear can be carried out over a long period of time.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 4 are diagrams showing one embodiment of the friction and wear tester according to the present invention, FIG. 1 is an overall plan view thereof, and FIG.
■-■ arrow side view in the figure, Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the main part,
FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view of the main part. 1... Friction and wear tester, 2... Drive motor, 3... Abrasive body, 5... Elastic sample, 6... Sample Shaft, 7... Connection member A, 8... Sample driving means, 10... Fulcrum, 11... Support arm, 12... Load application means, 14... Connection member B, 15... Vertical load line, 16... Sample rotation means, 18... Moving means, 24. ...Friction torque detection means, 25...
- Torque sensor, 27... Frictional force detection means, 28... Frictional force sensor, P... Contact position, ■]... Horizontal surface.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A cylindrical polishing body that is rotated by a drive motor and has a polishing surface on its outer periphery, and a sample shaft that is connected via a connecting member A to a sample shaft that holds a rotatable disc-shaped elastic sample in contact with the outer circumference of the polishing body. a sample driving means for driving the sample shaft; load applying means for applying a load to the elastic sample by a load along a vertical load line passing through the position and perpendicular to the sample axis; and sample rotation for rotating the sample axis around the vertical load line via a connecting member B. a means for reciprocating the sample shaft in the axial direction of the polishing body; a friction torque detection means having a torque sensor provided on the sample axis near the elastic sample to detect the friction torque of the elastic sample; a friction force detection means having a friction force sensor that is incorporated in the arm and detects the friction force in the axial direction of the abrasive body; A friction and wear tester characterized by measuring the amount of wear and friction characteristics by reciprocating the abrasive body in the axial direction while pressing it with a load of .