JPH01289568A - Method and equipment for welding plate joint - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify the welding stage by opposing vertically the ends to be welded of two objective materials to be welded against each other and supporting one objective material freely movably in the horizontal and vertical directions with respect to the other objective material to perform one run welding on the ends by vertical electrogas arc welding. CONSTITUTION:Steel plates 24a and 24b which are the objective materials to be welded are supported freely movably in the longitudinal direction by a roller 162 of a steel supporting roll device 150 on the bottom thereof and the surface and rear vertical surfaces are supported freely movably in the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction by steel balls of steel ball guide devices 30, 40,... of a manual positioning system and an automatic positioning system. The steel plates 24a are not restricted on shrinkage by welding and can be freely deformed in the joint direction (vertical direction) and in addition, welding is completed by one run welding by electrogas arc welding, hence a warpage (angular deformation) and a warpage of a longitudinal axis (surface inside deformation) with a joint of a welded product as a line of symmetry are extremely reduced. By this method, tab welding and tack welding are omitted and the need for reversal work of the objective materials to be welded is eliminated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to plate joint welding, and in particular, the present invention relates to plate joint welding, and in particular, electrolytic welding is carried out by standing two materials to be welded vertically with their ends to be welded together. This invention relates to plate joint welding in which the ends are welded by gas arc welding.

[Conventional technology]

Conventional plate joint welding involves downward welding using submerged arc welding or CO2 gas shield welding, and after first welding the front surface, the material to be welded is turned over and the back surface is welded. In this case, for boat fishing, temporary attachment of tabs, etc. is performed in this order: main welding on the front side of the weld 9, reversing the front and back surfaces of the material to be welded, main welding on the back side, and deformation correction by pressing.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, under the influence of welding heat, the material to be welded exhibits complex deformation during welding.In order to suppress the deformation caused by welding and keep it within the allowable value, two The materials to be welded may be fixed and welded, end tabs may be welded at the start and end of the weld in advance, and the ends to be welded may be temporarily welded at several points before actual welding, or multi-layer (multi-run) welding may be performed. ) Since the deformation during welding is large, countermeasures have been proposed such as - layer (1 run) welding. Further, after welding, if the deformation exceeds an allowable value, the deformation is mechanically corrected using a press.

However, the method of restraining the material to be welded may actually increase the deformation, and temporary welding requires a lot of work and is not very effective against deformation. It's difficult.

A first object of the present invention is to perform plate joint welding with little deformation due to welding, and a second object is to simplify the welding process and improve welding efficiency.

[Means to solve the problem]

In the present invention, the ends of two materials to be welded are vertically erected and faced each other, and at least one of the materials to be welded is supported movably in horizontal and vertical directions relative to the other, The end portions are vertically welded in one run using electro-gas arc welding.

[Operation] First, since at least one of the materials to be welded is supported movably in the horizontal and vertical directions relative to the other (this means that there is no tab welding or temporary welding, etc.), welding The shrinkage that occurs is not restricted, and the material to be welded can freely deform in the joint direction.

Since it can be freely deformed in the direction of the joint as well as in the horizontal direction, it is possible to reduce the warping of the material to be welded with the joint as the line of symmetry. (angular deformation) and welding target 2
After the materials are welded, the warpage (in-plane deformation) of their longitudinal axes becomes extremely small. In other words, welding with small deformation can be obtained.

Since there is no tab welding or temporary welding, and because it is vertical electro-gas arc welding in one run, the conventional tab welding and temporary welding are omitted, and the work of reversing the material to be welded is omitted, making the welding process easier. Simplifies and improves welding work efficiency.

Other objects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments with reference to the drawings.

〔Example〕

a) Dimensions and combinations of test specimens are shown in Figures 6a and 6b, which are front views.

b) Test method Figure 7 shows the plane (top) and front (bottom) of the welding surface plate used in the test.

The test plate 24a is used to weld the test plates 24a and 24b with as little restraining force as possible.

As for 24b, no tab welding or tack welding was performed, but welding was performed by positioning with a wedge on a surface plate via a flexible thin steel plate, as shown in FIG.

To measure the amount of angular deformation δ1, the amount of deformation on the surface of the test plate was
Measurements were taken at points L1+C1 and R1, and in order to measure the in-plane deformation amount δ2, the deformation amount at the upper edge of the test plate was measured at three points L2 * c
2 and R2. To measure the amount of lateral shrinkage, the amount of movement of the test plate was measured at two points SL and SR.

The test was performed using vertical electro-gas arc welding.

The welding conditions are shown in FIG. 8, and test No.

Tests 1.2.3 and 5 are one-run welding examples of the present invention, and Tests N004 and 6 are two-run welding examples as comparative examples.

C) Test results are shown in Figure 8, edited by Shizuka N. Test No. 1
.

Tests 2.3 and 5 are one-run welding examples of the present invention, and Tests N004 and 6 are two-run welding examples as comparative examples.

As shown in FIG. 8, Example (No. 1) of the present invention.

In 2.3 and 5), the angular deformation amount δ1 is 0.04 to 0
．． It is within the range of 12m, and is an extremely small deformation.

Further, the in-plane deformation amount δ2 is also in the range of 0.03 to 0.15+++i, which is an extremely small deformation.

In contrast, in the comparative examples (No. 4 and 6),
Both the angular deformation amount δ1 and the in-plane deformation amount δ2 are large, and the deformation is large.

The amount of lateral shrinkage showed a value of about 1 mm in all cases.

The apparatus configuration for more efficiently and accurately implementing the welding method of the present invention explained above is shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, FIG. 2 is a side view, and FIG. 1-line sectional view, 3rd
1 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line mm, FIG. 4b is a rear view of the steel plate support roll device 150 shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4a is a cross-sectional view taken along the line -IV in FIG. 4b. In addition, Figure 1 shows
Between the welded ends of the steel plates 24a and 24b, which are the materials to be welded,
FIG. 5 shows a state before welding in which a gap setting spacer 94 is arranged, and FIG. 5 shows a state immediately before welding starts.

First, refer to FIG. Two rails 3a and 3b are installed parallel to each other and horizontally on the floor, and a rail 140 is set between them and parallel to them.

Two wheels 2a and 2c (the one behind 2a; below, the one located at the rear in the drawing is in parentheses) are mounted on the rail 3a, and these wheels 2a and (2c) are attached to the lower frame material. It is attached to 1a. Two wheels 2b are mounted on the rail 3b.

(2d) are mounted on these wheels 2b.

(2d) is attached to the lower frame member 1b.

A pillar 4as (4c) is erected on the lower frame material 1a, and a pillar 4b is erected on the lower frame material 1b.

(4d) is erected.

An upper frame material 5a is fixed to the upper ends of the columns 4a and (4c), and an upper frame material 5b is fixed to the upper ends of the columns 4b and (4d).
The upper frame members 5a are fixed to these upper frame members 5a and 5b.

(6b) are stretched and fixed to them, enclosing a rectangular inner space.

The upper frame members 6a, (6b) are equipped with hoists 23a, (23b) for handling steel plates (before and after welding), respectively.
), and is movable in the extending direction (longitudinal direction) of the frame members 6a, (6b).

Further referring to FIG. 3, the columns 4a and 4
A support i7a is fixed to b, and supports 1 and 7b are fixed to supports 4c and 4d. The support beam 7a supports a guide bar 8a that passes through upper arms 9a and 9b, and a guide bar 8b that passes through upper arms 9c and 9d. A guide bar 80 and a guide bar 8d passing through upper arms 9c and 9d are supported. The upper arms 9a and 9b are fixed together by bridge members 10a to 10d, and the upper arms 9c and 9d are also integrated by a bridge member 11a''lld.

The upper arms 9a and 9b have lowering struts 12a to 12f.
are fixed in a vertically suspended form, and these hanging supports 12a to 12f are also integrated at the lower part with a bridging member or the like, and the upper arm 9a.

9b and the lowering struts 12a to 12f constitute a first movable frame that is integrally fixed. This first movable frame is movable in the direction in which the guide bars 8a and 8c extend, that is, in the direction perpendicular to the rails 3a and 3b. The ends of piston rods 15a, 15c of hydraulic cylinders 14a, 14c are connected to the arm 9b, and the first movable frame moves back and forth in the direction across the rails 3a, 3b by moving the piston rods 15a, 15b back and forth. Driven.

Similarly, upper arms 9c and 9d have lowering struts 13a.
~13f are fixed in a vertically suspended form, and these hanging struts 13a-13f.

The lower part is also integrated with a passing member, etc., and the arm 9e,
9d, the lowering struts 13a to 13f are integrally fixed to the second
It constitutes a movable stand. This second movable frame is movable in the direction in which the guide bars 8b and 8d extend, that is, in the direction orthogonal to the rails 3a and 3b. Piston rods 15b of hydraulic cylinders 14b and 14d are attached to the arm 9c.

15d is connected, and this piston rod 1
5b and 15d move forward and backward, the second movable frame moves along the rails 3a and 15d.
It is driven back and forth in the direction across 3b.

A reduction gear stand and a bearing are fixed to the beam 16b which is passed between the pillars 4c and 4d and is fixed to both, and a reduction gear 17 is installed on the reduction gear stand.

A rotating shaft of a motor 18 is coupled to an input shaft of the reducer 17 . A gear 19 is fixed to the output shaft of the reducer 17, and a gear 20 meshes with this gear 19. gear 2
0 is fixed to a shaft rod 21 supported by the bearing. A sprocket wheel 22a is fixed to one end of the shaft 21, and a chain belt (not shown) coupled to this wheel 22a rotationally drives the wheel (2c).

A sprocket wheel 22b is fixed to the other end of the shaft 21, and a chain belt (not shown) coupled to this wheel 22b rotationally drives the wheel (2d).

Therefore, by driving the motor 17 in forward/reverse rotation, the above-mentioned frame structure supported by the wheels 2a, 2b, (2c) and (2d).

It moves along the rails 3a and 3b in the forward and backward directions.

A rail (H-shaped steel) 140 is installed at the midpoint between the rails 3a and 3b, and four or more steel plates (two or more that support the welded steel plate 24a and two or more that support the welded steel plate 24b) are installed on this rail 140. A support roll device 150 is mounted. An enlarged rear view of one of them is shown in FIG. 4b, and a cross section taken along the line IV--IV of FIG. 4b is shown in FIG. 4a.

Referring to Figures 4a and 4b, the base 153 of the device 150 includes two wheels 151a.

151b and these are mounted on the rail 140. Bearings are fixed to the lower side of the base 153, and these bearings are connected to the shafts 154a and 154b.
penetrates and extends below the upper flat plate portion of the rail 140, and eccentric circular cams 155a and 155b are fixed to the tips. A foot kick lever 156 is provided at the rear end of the shaft rods 154a, 154b.
a and 156b are fixed.

As shown in FIG. 4a, a foot kick lever 156a.

When the eccentric circular cams 155a and 155b are spaced downward from the back surface of the upper flat plate portion of the rail 140 when the device 156b is positioned at the release position, the device 150
0. Leg kick levers 156a, 156
When b is rotated by nearly 90 degrees (locked rotation), the eccentric circular cam 155a.

155b presses against the back surface of the upper flat plate portion of the rail 140, and the device 150 is coupled to the rail 140 and cannot be moved.

The base 153 includes a guide cylinder 157a.

157b and a nut unit 163 are attached, and guide bars 158a, 158b, the upper ends of which are fixed to the support head, pass through the guide cylinders 157a, 157b. The upper end of a threaded rod 160 passing through a nut unit 163 is fixed to the support head. The nut of the nut unit 163 is a worm wheel having a female screw 6 screwed with a threaded rod 160 and a side gear screwed with a worm. 160 rises/falls.

That is, the support head is raised/lowered.

A steel plate support roller 162 is disposed between the side plates 159a and 159b of the support head, and the welded steel plate 24a or 24b is placed on this roller 162. Even when the steel plate support roll device 150 is locked by the eccentric circular cams 155a and 155b, the steel plate 24a or 24b supported by the rollers 162 is movable in the direction in which the rail 140 extends.

For example, as shown in FIG. 6b, steel plates 24a and 24 of different widths
When welding b with 1 width centered, weld steel plate 24a with 2
The steel plate is supported by a steel plate support roll device (150) of a number of units or more, and their support heads are set high by the drive of a motor 164.
The steel plate 24b also has two or more steel plate support roll devices f (150
) and their support heads are set high by the drive of a motor 164. Then, by finely adjusting each motor drive, both steel plates are made horizontal and the vertical positions of their width centers are adjusted to the same level.

Referring to FIG. 1, the front and back surfaces of welded steel plates 24a and 24b (
The support structure for vertical planes will be explained.

Horizontal base 25 fixed to hanging supports 12b and 12c
Manual positioning type steel ball guide devices 30 and 50 are attached to a.

Manual positioning type steel ball guide group [130]
Guide cylinders 31a and 31b fixed to the base 25a
, the guide bars 32a, 3 fixed to the moving head 33
2b is passed through. A threaded rod 39 is rotatably supported by the base 25a, although it cannot move in the thickness direction of the welded steel plate 24a, and is screwed into a nut fixed to the moving head 33. A manual drive handle 38 is fixed to the threaded rod 39. The moving head 33 has two spherical bearings 34a and 34b spaced apart in the vertical direction (upward and downward).
) are fixed, and their bearings 34a, (34b
) has a steel ball 35a.

(35b: see FIG. 2) are held, and these steel balls 35a, (35b) face the welded steel plate 24a.

By rotating the handle 38 in a clockwise direction (when looking at the handle from the operator), the head 33 is moved to the welded steel plate 24a.
By rotating the handle 38 counterclockwise, the head 33 separates (retreats) from the steel plate 24a.The base 25a has a thickness center reference line (as shown in FIG. The scale 36 of the device shown in Fig. 3 has a scale to indicate twice the distance (corresponding to the thickness of the installed steel plate 24a) from the positioning center line Y-Y to the tip surface of the steel balls 35a, (35b). are fixed to the head 33, and steel balls 35a, (
A pointer 37 is fixed to point twice the distance (thickness of the steel plate 24a) to the tip surface of the steel plate 35b).

The structure and function of the manual positioning type steel ball guide group FI 150 are similar to those of the steel ball guide device 30 described above. However, the steel ball guide family M50 is equipped with four spherical bearings in two rows, and welded steel plates 24a at four different points.
supports vertical surfaces.

Horizontal base 25 fixed to lowering supports 12d and 12f
Manual positioning steel ball guide groups aio and 120 are attached to b and 25c.

The steel ball guide family @100 is the steel ball guide device i! 5
0 and a gap setting spacer 94 (solid line) to be described later, and its structure and function are the same as those of the steel ball guide device 50.

Steel ball guide group! ! 120 is the steel ball guide device 30 described above.
It is arranged symmetrically with respect to the gap setting spacer 94 (solid line) described above, and its structure and function are the same as the steel ball guide device 50.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a backing copper plate support [70] is fixed to the lower support column 12c. In this, an arm 72 is pivotally attached to a base 71 fixed to a support column 12c, and a threaded rod 74 is rotatable on the arm 72.
It is supported so as not to move in the direction toward the vertical surface of the steel plate 24b. The threaded rod 74 is a backing copper plate support 76
are screwed together. A guide bar 73 fixed to a backing copper plate support 76 passes through the arm 72. Threaded rod 7
A handle 75 is fixed to the handle 75, and by rotating the handle 75, the support 76 advances toward or retreats toward (the back side of the grooves of) the steel plates 24a and 24b. A head 77 is supported by the support 76 via an air cylinder, and a backing copper plate 78 is supported by the head 77. The backing copper plate 78 has a length (in the vertical direction) sufficient to perform one run of vertical electro-gas arc welding on one side over the entire length of the groove width of the steel plates 24a and 24b. When the backing copper plate support device 70 is welding both sides simultaneously,
Or, when other evacuation is necessary, it is evacuated to the position shown by the imaginary line in FIG.

Note that the backing copper plate 78 and its supporting structure are
This is the same as that presented in No. 3-33819.

A welding guide rail 81b for guiding the vertical movement of the welding carriage, welding equipment, etc. is fixed to the lowering support 12d. During welding when both sides are open, the welding equipment 80 is attached to the welding guide rail 81b. (For details, see 82a and 82b.
, 83-85: Fig. 5) are attached.

Each of the devices described above is connected to the first movable frame (9a
, 9b, 12a to 12f). Next, the second movable pedestal (9c).

9d, 13a to 13f) will be explained.

Horizontal bases 25d and 25 are attached to the lowering supports 13b and 13c.
e and 25f are fixed.

Steel ball guide devices 40 and 60 of automatic positioning type are attached to these.

The structure of the automatic positioning type steel ball guide device 40 is similar to the structure of the manual positioning type steel ball guide device 30 described above, and has a structure in which the threaded rod of the device 30 is replaced with a hydraulic cylinder 47. The steel balls 45a, (45b) of the device 40 are
It faces the steel balls 35a, (35b) of the device 30.

The structure of the automatic positioning type steel ball guide device 60 is similar to the structure of the manual positioning type steel ball guide device 50 described above, but the screw thread of the device 50 is replaced with a hydraulic cylinder,
Moreover, it has a structure in which two of the four steel balls are replaced with rollers 68a and (68b). Steel balls 65a, (65b) of the device 60
) are opposed to the two steel balls of the device 50, and rollers 68a, (68b) of the device 60 are opposed to each of the other two steel balls of the device 50. The rollers 68a, (68b) are fixed to one vertically extending shaft;
Two bevel gears are fixed.

Another bevel gear that meshes with this bevel gear.

It is fixed to the shaft of a worm wheel that meshes with a worm rotationally driven by a handle 69.

By rotating the handle 60 clockwise (looking at the handle from the scraper) with the rollers 68a, (68b) in contact with the steel plate 24a, the rollers rotate counterclockwise in FIG. 24a receives a transfer force directed to the left in FIG. By rotating the handle 60 counterclockwise, the steel plate 24a receives a rightward transfer force.

Horizontal base 25 fixed to lowering supports 13d and 13f
Steel ball guide devices 110 and 130 of an automatic positioning type are attached to g and 25h.

The automatic positioning type steel ball guide device 110 is arranged symmetrically with the above-mentioned automatic positioning type steel ball guide device [110] with respect to the gap setting spacer 94 (solid line), and its structure and function are the same as those of the device 110. It is the same.

The automatic positioning type steel ball guide device 130 is arranged symmetrically with the automatic positioning type steel ball guide device 40 described above with respect to the gap setting spacer 94 (solid line),
Its structure and function are identical to that of device 40.

A guide rail 81a is fixed to the lowering support 13c, and in this embodiment, a welding bag! !
80 main parts 82a, 82b and 83 are attached. Note that FIG. 1 shows the steel plate 2 to be welded before welding.
4a, 24b indicates the positioning time, and at that time,
Welding equipment! ! 80 nozzles 84. Those set near the groove, such as the sliding copper plate 85, must be removed.

A spacing setting device 90 for setting a groove gap is attached to the lowering support 13d. In this case, the base 91 is fixed to the lower support column 13d, and the arm 9 is attached to the base 91.
2 is pivotally mounted. A spacer 94 having a thickness corresponding to a required welding groove gap is detachably fixed to a holder 93 at the tip of the arm 92. The arm 92 has a spacer 9
4 can be rotated to a gap setting position perpendicular to the reference line Y-Y and a retracted position shown by a virtual line.

Next, the manner of use of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 and the like will be explained. Before positioning the steel plates 24a and 24b at the welding position, the hydraulic cylinders 14a to 14d are retracted to move the first movable frame (
9a, 9bt 12a to 12f) and (9c, 9
d, 13a-13f) to the retracted position to widen the gap between them, and the hydraulic cylinders of the automatic positioning steel ball guide device 40°60.110 and 130 are also retracted to remove the steel balls. Guide outfit! Even if the steel balls etc. of 40, 60, 110 and 130 are driven to the retracted position and the second movable frame (9e, 9d, 13a"13f) is driven to the positioning position, the steel ball guide device 40.60 , 110 and 130 so that they do not hit the steel plate at the reference position Y-Y.

Further, a backing copper plate support bag W70 and a spacing setting device 90
are set to the retracted position shown by the imaginary line in FIG. Set using the handle while observing the position of the pointer 37, etc. relative to the scale 36, etc.). In addition, when welding different thicknesses, the settings and installation of the device 30.
Set 100 and 120 as required.

Furthermore, a first set (24a) for supporting one steel plate (24a) is provided.
(2 or more) steel plate support roll devices 1 (150) are placed (moved along the rails 140) and locked at a position that most stably supports the steel plate (24a) when it is placed at the welding position; Adjust their support heights so that they horizontally support the steel plate (24a) at the required height, and a second set (two or more) to support the other steel plate (24b).
The steel plate support roll device (tsO) of the steel plate (24b)
(moved along the rail 140) and locked in a position that supports it most stably when it is placed at the welding position, and then adjust the supporting height of the steel plate (24b) to the required height. Adjust so that it is supported horizontally.

In this state, the steel plate 24a is placed on the first set of steel plate support roll devices (150). This is done by attaching the device shown in Fig. 1 (excluding the first and second sets of steel plate support roll devices; these remain in the locked position) to the rail 3a.
, 3b, hoist 23a, (23b
) or use other means of transportation. At the same time, the steel plate 24b is attached to the second set of steel plate support rolls! Put it on (150). At this time, the steel plates 24a and 24b
The distance between the grooves is set larger than the required distance between the grooves during welding.

Next, move the device shown in Figure 1 etc. (excluding the first and second sets of steel plate support roll devices; these should be kept in the locked position), and move the device to its center position in the Y-Y direction (the welding target position). The distance is set at the middle of the distance between the grooves of the steel plates 24a and 24b.

Next, the hydraulic cylinders 14a to 14b are driven to close the first movable pedestal and the second movable pedestal.

As a result, the manual positioning type steel ball guide device 30.
50, 100 and 120 steel balls are attached to steel plates 24a and 24b.
in contact with or in close proximity to. Next, automatic positioning type steel ball guide device 40.60, 110 and 13
0 hydraulic cylinder is driven at a predetermined pressure. As a result, the steel plate 24a.

24b is a steel ball and roller of a manual positioning type steel ball guide device and an automatic positioning type steel ball guide device, which are held under a predetermined pressure.

Here, the spacing setting device 90 is positioned at the setting position shown by the solid line in FIG.
4b in the vertical direction, and finely adjust the handle of the manual positioning type steel ball guide device to remove the steel plates 24a and 24.
Adjust the relative angle of b and align in the thickness direction,
Then, turn the handles 69 and 119 to remove the steel plate 24a.
and 24b are driven toward the spacer 94 to adjust the gap between the welding grooves.

Finish these adjustments. Then, the spacing setting device 190 is returned to the retracted position (imaginary line), the backing copper plate supporting device 70 is set to the use position (solid line), and the nozzle 84 and slider are attached to the carriage of the welding device 80, as shown in FIG. A welding head such as the moving copper plate 85 is attached, and then the air cylinder 77 of the backing copper plate support device 70 is driven at a predetermined pressure to bring the backing copper plate 78 into contact with the groove back surface at a predetermined pressure, and the steel plate 24a is The opening between and 24b is vertically electro-gas arc welded.
Weld by run.

After welding is completed and a predetermined waiting time has elapsed, the welding head (84, 85) is removed from the carriage 83, and the air cylinder of the backing copper plate support device 70 is driven to retreat,
Device! 70 to the retracted position It (the position shown by the imaginary line in Fig. 1)
Automatic positioning steel ball guide system! 40,6
0, 110, and 130 are retracted to retract the steel balls of those devices from the steel plates 24a, 24b, and the hydraulic cylinders 14a=14d are retracted to open the first and second movable frames. Then, the devices shown in Fig. 1 etc. (excluding device!
The welding product is carried out along the evacuation drive.

In addition, when welding both sides simultaneously, the backing copper plate support device 7
0 is always set at the retracted position shown by the imaginary line in FIG. 1 or removed, and a second set of welding devices (80 shown by the dotted line in FIG. 1) are attached to the guide rail 81b fixed to the lowering support 12d. is attached to the guide rail 81a, and the front and back sides are simultaneously welded in one run of vertical electro-gas arc welding together with the first set of welding devices 80 attached to the guide rail 81a.

By using the apparatus described above, during welding, the steel plates 24a and 24b, which are the materials to be welded, are first held at their lower surfaces (lower bottoms) by the rollers 160 of the steel plate support roll device 150.
The steel ball guide device 3 is supported movably in the longitudinal (y-y) direction, and has a manual positioning type and an automatic positioning type.
The steel plate 24a is supported by steel balls of 0.40°50.60, 100, 110, 120, and 130 so that its front and back vertical surfaces are movable in the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction.

With 24b, the shrinkage caused by welding is not restricted and can be freely deformed in the joint direction (vertical direction), and because it can be completed in one run of welding, angular deformation and in-plane deformation of the welded product are extremely small. . That is, a welded product with extremely small deformation can be obtained, and post-weld correction work can also be omitted.

Vertical electro-gas arc one-run welding using the above apparatus provides the following advantages:

■No need to reverse the steel plates 24a and 24b.

■The restraining jig eliminates the need for welding when temporarily attaching joints.

-Since it is vertical one-run welding, the bead widths on the back and front sides are almost the same, and there is extremely little deformation of the weld angle, so correction work can be omitted. Further, since the welding shrinkage in the longitudinal direction of the steel plate is completely unrestricted, almost no plane bending occurs.

Since a copper plate is used on the back, there is no need to install steel end tabs.

■Since the device is largely automated, alignment is performed mechanically, and fine adjustments can be made mechanically, 1
Since the work can be easily carried out by a very small number of people, the efficiency of the welding work is extremely high.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, in the present invention, the ends of two materials to be welded are vertically erected and faced each other, and at least one of the materials to be welded is horizontally and Since it is supported movably in the vertical direction and the end portion is welded in one run using vertical electro-gas arc welding, shrinkage caused by welding is not restricted and the material to be welded can freely deform in the joint direction.

Since it can be freely deformed in the direction of the joint as well as in the horizontal direction, it is possible to reduce the warping of the material to be welded with the joint as the line of symmetry. (angular deformation) and welding target 2
After the materials are welded, the warpage (in-plane deformation) of their longitudinal axes becomes extremely small. In other words, welding with small deformation can be obtained.

Since there is no tab welding or temporary welding, and because it is vertical electro-gas arc welding in one run, the conventional tab welding and temporary welding are omitted, and the work of reversing the material to be welded is omitted, making the welding process easier. Simplifies and improves welding work efficiency.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the main parts of a device for supporting a material to be welded, which is used to carry out one embodiment of the present invention, in a certain usage state before welding starts; FIG. FIG. 2 is a side view of the entire device. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line ■--■ in FIG. 2. FIG. 4a is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the steel plate support roll device 150 shown in FIG. 2, and shows a cross section taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 4b. FIG. 4b is an enlarged rear view of the steel plate support roll device 150 shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing only a part of the cross section taken along line I--I in FIG. 2 in a state immediately before welding starts. FIGS. 6a and 6b show the results when the present invention is implemented.
FIG. 3 is a front view showing the arrangement of materials to be welded. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the support mode of the material to be welded and deformation measurement points when the present invention is implemented. The upper drawing shows the top view, and the lower drawing shows the front view. FIG. 8 is a plan view showing welding conditions and deformation measurement results of Examples (Nos. 1 to 3 and 5) of the present invention and comparative examples (Nos. 4 and 6). la, lbC Lower frame materials 2a, 2b: Wheels 3a, 3b: Rails 4a to 4d: Supports 5a, 5b, 6a: Upper frame materials 7a, 7b:
Support beams 8a to 8d guide par 9a=9d
: Upper arms 10a to 10d, lla to lld : Transfer member 12a to 12f : Lowering struts 13a to 13f : Lowering struts 14a to 14d : Hydraulic cylinder 15a
--15d: Piston rod 16a, 16b
: 'fJ17: Reducer 18
:Motor 19.20:Gear 2
1: Axial rods 22a, 22b: Sprocket wheels 23a, 23b: Hoist 24a, 24b: Steel plate (material to be welded) 25a to 25h: Horizontal base 3
0.50, 100.120: Manual positioning type steel ball guide device 3La, 31b Ni guide cylinder
32a, 32b: Guide nok-33: Moving head
34a: Spherical bearing (spherical bearing) 35a
: Steel ball (sphere) 36: Scale 37: Pointer 38: Noldle 40.60, 110, 130: Automatic positioning steel ball guide device 41a, 41b Ni guide cylinder
42a, 42b: Guide no. (-43: Moving head 44a: Spherical bearing (spherical bearing) 4
5a: 11 balls (sphere) 46; Piston rod 47: Hydraulic cylinder 68a: Roller 69: Handle 70: Copper plate support device with backing 71: Base 72
: Arm 73: Guide no. (-74: Screw stud 75: Handle 76: Backing copper plate support 77: Head 78: Backing copper plate 80: Welding device 81a, 81b Ni guide rail 82
a: Welding device 82b = welding traveling trolley
83: Carriage 84: Nozzle
85: Sliding copper plate 90: Spacing setting device
91: Base 92: Arm 9
3: Holder 94: Spacer 118
a: Roller, 119: Handle
140: Rail 150: Steel plate support roll device 15
1a, 151b: Axle 152a, 152b: Axle
153: Base 154a, 154
b: Axial rod 155a, 155b: Eccentric circular cam 156a, 156b: Foot kick lever 15
7a, 157b Ni guide cylinder 158a, 158b
Ni guide par 159a, 159b: Side plate 16
0: Screw 161: Roller shaft 162: Roller (support roller) 163:
Nut unit east 48 diagram, JIVB voice 4b diagram IVAL.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) The ends of the two materials to be welded are vertically erected and facing each other, and at least one of the materials to be welded is supported so as to be movable in the horizontal and vertical directions relative to the other;
A plate joint welding method in which the end portions are vertically welded in one run using electro-gas arc welding. (2) A support roller that horizontally movably supports the bottom of one of the two materials to be welded, perpendicular to the vertical end to be welded, and An apparatus used for welding according to claim 1, comprising spheres that are pressed into contact with each other, facing each other with the one material to be welded in between, and supported by a spherical bearing.