JPH01289085A - Combustion method by ignition plug for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a strong spreading combustion gas as the second source fire easily by arranging an earthing electrode opposite to the tip of a center electrode, forming a spark gap between them, and providing a fuel concentration part of a tunnel-form linking the spark generation side and the piston side at the earthing electrode position. CONSTITUTION:A conductive metal fixing body 1 screwed and fixed to the engine block of an internal combustion engine, and a porcelain electric insulator 2 held by burying at the middle part of the fixing body 1 are provided. While the center electrode 4 whose one end is linked to a terminal is fixed and held by the insulator 2, an earthing electrode 6 is fixed unitary to the engine inserting end of the fixing body 1 through a support member 5. The earthing electrode 6 is formed in a hollow conical trapezoid form, and while the earthing electrode 6 is positioned opposite to the tip of the center electrode 4 on its axial extension line, the small diameter side of the hollow earthing electrode 6 is formed in a sharp slope, the electrode 6 is formed in a funnel form, and a recessed spark generation side slope 9 and a protruded piston side slope 10 are formed around a gas hole 8 respectively.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention "Industrial Application Field" The present invention is used in internal combustion engines such as automobiles, and is intended for use in internal combustion engines that are equipped with an ignition function and a combustion device to improve the combustion speed and save fuel. This relates to a combustion method using a spark plug.

"Prior art" Previously, Japanese Patent Application No. 121107/1983, US Pat. No. 44019
In No. 15, etc., a ground electrode is provided opposite to the tip of the center electrode, and the ground electrode is connected to the ignition gas from the spark part.
To facilitate flow toward the piston, the electrode may have one or more vertical holes and a single elongated hole along the length of the electrode, or one or more small holes spaced apart. We developed a technology in which the gas flow is concentrated and accelerated by tapering the area adjacent to the hole outward and downward.

“Problems to be solved by the invention” Although the above-mentioned conventional techniques are effective to some extent,
In that technology, the long side end of a flat ground electrode was bent to form a fuel concentration area, so the rate of gas fire spread was likely to be different between the long direction of the ground electrode and the direction perpendicular to this. However, it is not easy to design and manufacture the size of the gas hole and the angle and area of the slopes on both sides of the fuel concentration part, and the flame spread gas becomes turbulent and the gas fire spread speed increases depending on the cylinder displacement of the internal combustion engine. There were problems such as not being able to easily achieve this.

``Means for Solving the Problems'' However, in the present invention, a ground electrode is provided opposite to the tip of the center electrode, and a spark gap is formed between them, while a spark is generated at the position of the ground electrode opposite to the tip of the center electrode. A tunnel-shaped fuel concentration part is provided that communicates with the side and the piston side, and the spark generation side opening of the fuel concentration part is arranged opposite to the tip of the center electrode, so that the flame kernel generated in the spark gap is connected to the first
The unburned gas at the spark generation side opening of the fuel concentration section is used as a pilot flame, and the unburnt gas from the piston side opening of the fuel concentration section is used as a second pilot flame to burn the unburned gas on the piston side. It is characterized by this.

``Function'' Therefore, it is possible to make the flame spread gas protruding from the fuel concentration part as a pilot flame of the fire 2 to one end side of the tunnel-shaped fuel concentration part in the direction of extension of the center electrode axis, and to avoid the conventional center electrode axis line. Compared to the method of forming a spread gas by providing a fuel concentration part in a direction perpendicular to the direction, the spread gas having an extremely high propagation acceleration and a strong fire spread fire power can be easily obtained as a second pilot flame.

In addition, a part of the fuel concentration section is expanded in a direction substantially perpendicular to the center electrode axis, increasing the amount of flame spread gas generated in the fuel concentration section. Even if the distance is shortened, the desired amount of spread gas can be easily obtained from the fuel concentration section, and the amount of spread gas from the fuel concentration section can be easily increased in accordance with the cylinder displacement and the like.

In addition, a part of the fuel concentration part is opened in a direction substantially perpendicular to the center electrode axis line, and the spread gas in the fuel concentration part is made to protrude toward the piston side in the direction of the center electrode axis line and in a direction substantially perpendicular to the center electrode axis line. The flame spread gas generated in the fuel concentrated portion can be branched and bulged in multiple directions on the piston side, and the propagation efficiency and fire spreading function of the flame spread gas generated in the fuel concentrated portion can be easily improved.

"Example" Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below based on the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the main part, Fig. 2 is an overall view, and Fig. 3 is a view taken along line A-A in Fig. 1. ) and its fixed body (
Ceramic electrical insulator (2) that embeds and supports the intermediate part in 11
Equipped with. A center electrode (4) connecting the terminal (3) to one end is fixedly supported on the insulator (2), and a strut member (5) is attached to the engine insertion end of the fixed body (1).
) to integrally fix the ground electrode (6).

The ground electrode (6) is formed into a hollow truncated cone shape, and the ground electrode (6) is attached to the tip of the center electrode (4) on the axial extension line of the center electrode (4).
6) are opposed to each other, and the small diameter side of the ground electrode (6) is brought close to the tip of the center electrode to form the spark generation side (the moon).

Further, the small diameter side of the hollow truncated cone-shaped ground electrode (6) is formed into a steeply sloped surface, and the large diameter side of the ground electrode (6) is formed into a gently sloped surface, so that the ground electrode (6) is formed into a trumpet shape. do. A gas hole (8) is formed on the small-diameter end face of the ground electrode (6), and a concave spark generation side slope (9) is provided around the gas hole (8) on the spark generation side of the ground electrode (6). , and a convex piston-side slope (lO) is formed on the piston side of the electrode (6).

In addition to forming a stepped portion (11), the support member (5) is formed into a flat plate shape, and four support members (5) are connected at equal intervals to the large diameter side edge of the ground electrode (6). )... are twisted in the same direction and at the same angle, and a support member (
5) By sloping the inner surface, the spread gas that ignites at the detonation point, burns, and expands is spread in a spiral shape by the support member (5), and the turbulent flow of the spread gas increases the speed of gas spread, and at the same time it spreads uniformly. The structure is designed to ensure a good gas fire spread.

Furthermore, one end of the support member (5) is integrally fixed to the engine insertion end surface of the fixed body (1), and the large diameter side outer shape of the ground electrode (6) is fixed to the engine insertion end surface of the fixed body (11). The supporting member (5) is formed by bending the middle part thereof so that the bent part (12) protrudes toward the center electrode (4), and expanding and contracting the bent part (12) to form the supporting member (5). 5
) and connect the gas hole (8) to the center electrode (4).
The spark gab (7) formed between the ground electrode (6) and the center electrode (4) can be adjusted by moving the spark gab (7) toward and away from the tip approximately parallel to the extension line of this axis without changing the mounting angle of the ground electrode (6). Configured to set.

Next, the center of the gas hole (8) of the ground electrode (6) is located on the axial extension line of the center electrode (4), and the gas hole (8)
) is slightly smaller than the center electrode (4) and has a similar shape.
) A tip surface is formed, and a spark is generated in a cylindrical shape between the opening edge of the gas hole (8) and the outer peripheral edge of the tip surface of the center electrode (4), and within the opening range of the gas hole (8). By constantly generating sparks, the structure is such that ignition and fire can be spread to the piston side of the ground electrode (6) through the gas hole (8) over the shortest distance.

Furthermore, as is clear from FIG. 1, in the space surrounded by the piston-side slope (10) of the ground electrode (6),
), a ground electrode (6) is placed opposite the tip of the center electrode (4), and a spark gap (
7), and a tunnel-shaped fuel concentration part (13) that communicates with the spark generation side and the piston side at the position of the ground electrode (6) opposite to the tip of the center electrode (4). ) with the spark generation side opening as the center electrode (4)
The flame kernel generated in the spark gap (7) is used as a first pilot flame to burn the unburned gas in the spark generation side opening of the fuel concentration part (13), and The flame spread gas from the piston side opening is
The unburned gas on the piston side is burned as a pilot flame.

By energizing the terminal (3), a spark is generated in the spark gap (7) to form a flame kernel, and the flame kernel is used as a first pilot flame to burn at one end of the fuel concentration section (13). The unburned gas on the side is combusted and the fuel concentration section (
13) The unburned gas inside the cylinder is spread, and the spread gas is made to protrude from the other end of the fuel concentration part to serve as a second pilot flame, which burns the unburned gas inside the cylinder and causes the piston to explode. It is.

Furthermore, FIGS. 4 to 6 show modified examples of the above-mentioned support member (5), and as shown in FIG.
By supporting the ground electrode (6) with 5), the flame spread gas diffusion efficiency by the spark generation side slope (9) can be improved. Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 5, two support members (
5) (By supporting the ground electrode (6) at 51,
The ground electrode (6) can be accurately supported in an optimal posture on the axial extension of the center electrode (4), and the spark gab (7) can be adjusted without changing the mounting angle of the ground electrode (6). . In addition, by supporting the ground electrode (6) with three pillar members (5) provided at equal intervals as shown in Fig. 6, the fire spread gas diffusion efficiency by the slope (9) on the spark generation side can be improved. In addition to being able to
The turbulent flow effect of the flame spread gas can also be sufficiently obtained.

Furthermore, Figure 7 shows the center electrode (4) and the ground electrode (6).
This shows a modification of the perfectly circular gas hole (8), in which a cylinder head (4a) with a slightly smaller diameter is provided at the tip of the center electrode (4), and the cylinder head (4a) tip and the gas hole (8) ) A spark gab (7) is formed between the opening edge and the concave spark generation side slope (9) and the convex piston side slope (lO) shown in FIG.
1 (101) is formed flat, and the volume of the fuel concentration part (13) surrounded by the piston-side slope (10) is thickened (formed), thereby proportionally changing the gas spread rate on the piston-side slope (10).

Furthermore, FIGS. 8 to 10 show modified examples having the same structure and operation as the above embodiment, in which the ground electrode (6)
A gas reservoir stepped portion (ill) is extended to both left and right edges, and strut members (5) (5) are integrally connected to the left and right ends of this stepped portion (11), and the long side of the stepped portion (111) is A spark generation side slope (9) and a piston side slope (lO) are formed on the edge, and the piston side slope (lO) is a steep slope in contact with the gas reservoir step (11), and the edge is formed into a semicircle with a gentle slope. Furthermore, the fixed body (11) is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the engine insertion end surface and slightly larger than the inner hole of the end surface, and forms the planar outer diameter of the ground electrode (6), and the stepped portion (
11) A gas hole (8) is formed in an oval shape elongated in the longitudinal direction, and the tip surface of the center electrode (4) is formed in an oval shape slightly smaller than the gas hole (8).

In addition, a pair of opposing piston side slopes (101 (101
A fuel concentrated portion (13) is provided in between, and a portion of the fuel concentrated portion (13) is expanded in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the center electrode (4), and the fuel is generated in the fuel concentrated portion (13). At the same time as increasing the amount of spread gas, a part of the fuel concentrating portion (13) is opened in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the center electrode (4), and the piston side is opened in the direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the center electrode (4). The flame spread gas is made to protrude from the fuel concentration part (13), and the unburned gas in the cylinder is combusted using the flame spread gas as a second pilot flame, thereby causing the explosion process of the piston to occur.

Furthermore, the gas that is ignited and spreads along the spark generation side slope (9) also burns and expands, and the high pressure generated is strongly repelled and diffused according to the angle of the spark generation side slope (9) that it touches. This causes a turbulent flow of fire-spreading gas on both sides.

Furthermore, FIGS. 11 and 12 show other embodiments, and in the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the slopes (9) on the spark generation side are formed in a concave shape symmetrically on both sides of the gas reservoir step (ill). In addition, the piston side slopes (lO) were each formed in a convex shape, but instead of this, each of the slopes (9) and (10) were made flat, and the edge in the piston direction was formed into a semicircular shape. As shown in Figure 10, an elongated cylindrical head (4a) whose end surface has a slightly smaller diameter than the oval gas hole (8) is provided at the tip of the center electrode (4). The side slopes and the piston side slopes are flat, and the processing thereof is mainly a bending operation, so that mass production can be easily carried out.

Table 1 below shows the results of a trial run experiment using a prototype having the structure shown in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 11 and 12.

Table 1 Test run test conditions Test run test vehicle... Ordinary freight vehicle (1300cc, 4 cycle, 4 cylinder) Test run area...
Road-course test run in Osaka city area Loaded state of vehicle...Empty vehicle test run speed...Maximum 60KM/H (Average 40-50K
M/Adjustment during old test run: Ignition timing adjustment, fuel supply amount adjustment Measuring method: After filling the fuel tank, measure the number of kilometers traveled and the amount of replenishment for the tank reduction, and calculate the number of kilometers traveled per lβ. Calculate the number.

13 to 15 illustrate the embodiments shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. In FIGS. 11 and 12, each slope (9) of the ground electrode (4) ( 10) is formed flat, but the side slopes (9) (101) provided symmetrically on both sides of the gas reservoir step (ill) are extruded and curved from the center of the edge toward the spark generation side. The slope (9) is formed into a spherical convex shape, which allows the slope (10) on the piston side of the ground electrode (4) to
At the same time, the gas that spreads along the spark generation side slope (9) burns and expands, and the high pressure generated is transferred to the adjacent spark generation side slope (9).
) is strongly repelled according to the angle of the spherical convex surface and diffuses radially, while the central part of the edge of the slope (9) (10) is extruded and curved toward the spark generation side, so that the spreading gas can generate sparks. The direction of repulsion is further expanded according to the angle of the side slope (9), increasing the effect of turbulence, and at the same time further increasing the speed of gas spread from the fuel concentration part (13) toward the piston side. It is possible.

Furthermore, FIGS. 16 and 17 show a modification of FIG. 1, in which the ground electrode (6) is formed in the shape of a long vibrator cut into appropriate lengths, and the ground electrode (6) is attached to the fixed body m. The tip of the strut member (5) that fixes the proximal end is bent inward and welded to the outer circumferential surface of the ground electrode (6).
4) A ground electrode (6) is provided oppositely at the tip, and a spark gap (7) is formed between them, while a center electrode (4)
Spark generation side (
14) and the piston side (15) are provided, and the spark generation side opening (16) of the fuel concentration part (13) is arranged opposite to the tip of the center electrode (4), The flame kernel generated in the spark gap (7) is used as a first pilot flame to burn the unburned gas in the spark generation side opening (16) of the fuel concentration part (13), and the piston side opening of the fuel concentration part (13). (17) The unburned gas on the piston side is combusted by using the spread gas from (17) as a second pilot flame.

Furthermore, a fuel concentration part (13) with a circular end face is opened at the center of the disk to form a ground electrode (6), and a center electrode (
4) Support member (5) extending substantially parallel to the axis (5)
) Ground electrode at the tip (6) Ears on the outer periphery (6a) (6b)
A fire spreading/diffusion part (18) is provided in the piston side opening (17) of the fuel concentrating part (13) formed in the ground electrode (6) by welding.

Furthermore, FIGS. 18 and 19 are modifications of FIG. 16, in which the piston side opening of the fuel concentration part (13) (in January, the small diameter side of the diffuser tube (19) with a widening shape at the end is welded and fixed, The inner hole of this diffusion tube (19) forms a fire spread diffusion section (18).

Furthermore, FIGS. 20 and 21 are modifications of FIGS. 8 and 16, in which a fuel increasing portion (20) communicating with the fuel concentration portion (13) is formed in the ground electrode (6), and A part of the fuel concentrating part (7) is connected to the center electrode (4) by the increasing part (20).
) The center electrode (4) is expanded in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axial center line, and the fuel concentration section (13) is expanded in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axial center line.
This is to expand a part of the fuel concentration area (13) and increase the amount of spread gas generated in the fuel concentration area (13).

Furthermore, FIGS. 22 and 23 are modifications of FIGS. 8 and 20, in which the fuel concentration part (13) is connected to the center electrode (4).
A fuel increasing part (20
), an opening part (21) (21) is provided which opens the fuel concentration part (13) to the outside of the ground electrode (6), and the ground electrode (6) forming the opening part (21) faces the ground electrode (6). The side end surface (22) (221 is shaped like a letter when viewed from the bottom), and a part of the fuel concentration part (13) is opened in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the center electrode (4), and the center electrode (4)
Piston side (15) in the axial direction and in the substantially orthogonal direction
This causes the spread gas in the fuel concentration part (13) to protrude.

Furthermore, FIGS. 24 and 25 show a modification of FIG. 22, in which fuel concentration part forming surfaces (23) (23 ), a ground electrode (6) is formed by a rectangular flat plate, and the base end of the ground electrode (6) is directly welded and fixed to the fixed body (1), while a fuel concentration part (13) and a fuel increase part (20) are provided.
and an open part (21) is formed between the opposing ground electrodes (61 (6) on the tip side).

"Effects of the Invention" As is clear from the above embodiments, the present invention has a central electrode (4
) A ground electrode (6) is provided oppositely at the tip, and a spark gap (7) is formed between them, while a spark generation side and a piston side are connected at the position of the ground electrode (6) opposite to the tip of the center electrode (4). A tunnel-shaped fuel concentration section (13
), the spark generation side opening of the fuel concentration part (13) is arranged opposite to the tip of the center electrode (4), and the flame kernel generated in the spark gap (7) is used as the first pilot flame to connect the fuel concentration part (13). The unburned gas in the opening on the spark generation side is combusted, and the unburned gas on the piston side is combusted using the spread gas from the opening on the piston side of the fuel concentration part (13) as a second pilot flame. Since the flame kernel is allowed to spread to one end of the fuel concentration section (13), the flame spread gas suppressed in the middle of the fuel concentration section (13) is ejected from the other end, and the fuel concentration section (13) is used as a second pilot flame. The flame spread gas protruding from the center electrode (4) can be made to protrude in the extension direction of the center electrode (4) axis, and the fuel concentration part (13) is provided in the direction orthogonal to the center line of the center electrode (4) as in the conventional case. Compared to the method of forming a flame spread gas, the flame spread gas having an extremely large propagation acceleration and a strong flame spread firepower can be easily obtained as a second pilot flame.

In addition, a part of the fuel concentration part (13) is expanded in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the center electrode (4) to increase the amount of spread gas generated in the fuel concentration part (13). Even if the distance in the axial direction of the center electrode (4) of the fuel concentration part (13) is shortened, the desired amount of flame spread gas can be easily obtained from the fuel concentration part (13), and the amount of fuel can be adjusted according to the cylinder displacement etc. This makes it possible to easily increase the amount of spread gas from the concentrated portion (13).

In addition, a part of the fuel concentration part (13) is opened in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the center electrode (4), and a fuel concentration part (
The flame spread gas generated in the fuel concentration part (13) can be branched and bulged in multiple directions on the piston side, and the flame spread gas generated in the fuel concentration part (13) can be made to protrude.
) can easily improve the propagation efficiency of the flame spread gas generated in the process and the fire spread function.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of essential parts showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an overall view, FIG. 3 is a view taken along line A-A in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 4 to 25 show modified examples. FIG. (4)... Center electrode (6)...
Grounding electrode (7)...Spark gap (13)...Fuel Concentration Department Applicant: Takeaki Aihara (2 idiots) Agent: Tadaharu Fujiwara - 1st
Figure 83 Figure 2 Figure l (6

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A ground electrode is placed opposite the tip of the center electrode, and a spark gap is formed between them, while a tunnel-shaped fuel concentration is created in which the spark generation side and the piston side communicate with each other at the ground electrode position facing the tip of the center electrode. The spark generation side opening of the fuel concentration part is arranged opposite to the tip of the center electrode,
The flame kernel generated in the spark gap is used as a first pilot flame to burn the unburned gas at the spark generation side opening of the fuel concentration section, and the spread gas from the piston side opening of the fuel concentration section is used as a second pilot flame to burn the piston. A combustion method using a spark plug for an internal combustion engine, characterized in that side unburned gas is combusted. (2) The method according to item 1 above, characterized in that a part of the fuel concentration section is expanded in a direction substantially perpendicular to the center electrode axis line to increase the amount of spread gas generated in the fuel concentration section. Combustion method using a spark plug for internal combustion engines. (3) A part of the fuel concentration section is opened in a direction substantially orthogonal to the center electrode axis line, and the spread gas in the fuel concentration section is made to protrude toward the piston side in the direction of the center electrode axis line and a direction substantially orthogonal to the center electrode axis line. A combustion method using a spark plug for an internal combustion engine according to item 1.