JPH01176690A - Speed combustion equipment of ignition plug for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To seek to shorten time from formation of a flame core at a plug gap to combustion of mixed gas at an ignition groove by providing a fuel centralizing part, at the center of a central electrode, at the end face on the column end side of the central electrode, and forming an ignition groove which leads to the fuel centralizing part in the direction crossing the axis line, and then opening the side end of the ignition groove on the peripheral side of the central electrode. CONSTITUTION:A fuel centralizing part 8 is provided at the center of a central electrode 4 at the end face on the column end side, end an ignition groove 7 which leads to the fuel centralizing part 8 is formed in the direction crossing the axis line, and the side end of the ignition groove 7 is opened on the peripheral side of the central electrode 4 which forms a plug gap 6 together with the end face of an earth electrode plate 5. When a flame core is formed at the plug gap 6 by the ignition, the flame core which resists the end face of the earth electrode plate 5 forming the plug gap 6 projects in the direction of the ignition groove 7. Hereby, it becomes possible to easily shorten the time from formation of the flame core at the plug gap 6 to combustion of mixed gas at the fuel centralizing part 8 through the ignition groove 7.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to a spark plug used in internal combustion engines such as automobiles.

"Prior Art" Conventionally, as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. l'v182-11471, contact J'I! ! We have developed a technology that forms ignition grooves on the piston-side surface of the electrode plate, causes the air-fuel mixture in the small volume of the ignition groove to spread quickly, and accelerates the flame propagation speed at the early stage of combustion of the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder.

``Opening Point to be Solved by the Invention'' In the prior art, the center electrode surface forming the plug gap was opposed to the ignition groove side end opening of the ground electrode plate across the plug gap. The flame kernel generated in the gap spreads radially around the axis of the center electrode, and some of the flame kernels catch fire? +91, the fire spread force of the flame kernel formed in the plug gap due to ignition cannot be effectively used for combustion of the mixture in the ignition groove, and the flame kernel formation in the plug gap causes the mixture in the ignition groove to burn. Jail! cannot easily shorten the time until combustion and creates a flammable groove! ! By making the electrode plate thicker, the flame-extinguishing effect is increased, so the volume and length of the ignition groove are limited, making it easy to create an ignition groove of the optimal shape depending on the type of fuel, such as gasoline, propane, gas oil, etc. There were problems such as not being able to obtain the required amount.

"Means for Solving the Problems" However, the present invention provides an ignition plug that forms a plug gap between a center electrode and a ground electrode, in which a plug is provided at the center of the center electrode on the tip surface of the columnar tip side of the center electrode. A fuel concentration section is provided,
An ignition groove communicating with the fuel concentration part is formed in a direction intersecting the axis, and the ignition groove side end is opened on the outer circumferential surface side of the center electrode that forms a plug gap with the tip surface of the ground electrode plate. That is.

``Function'' Therefore, when a flame kernel is formed in the plug gap due to one ignition, the flame kernel repulsed by the tip surface of the ground electrode plate forming the plug gap projects in the direction of the ignition groove. The air-fuel mixture burns quickly, increases the firepower of the fire spread, spreads the fire to the fuel concentrated area, generates a stronger flame kernel, and increases the firepower of the fire spread more easily than before. If it is a fire, the combustion power of the ignition groove becomes the second pilot fire, and the spread of the fire to the fuel concentration area becomes the third pilot fire, and the powerful firepower of the fire spread can be increased more easily than before.
The acceleration of flame propagation from the plug gap to the ignition groove and fuel concentration area can be made higher than before.The time from the formation of the flame kernel in the plug gap to the combustion of the mixture in the fuel concentration area via the ignition groove can be shortened. This can be done easily, and by enlarging the tip surface of the center electrode as necessary, the volume and length of the ignition groove and fuel concentration area can be adjusted to suit the type of fuel, etc. without being limited by the quenching effect of the ground electrode silver. Accordingly, it is possible to easily obtain an optimally shaped ignition groove and fuel concentration portion.

Furthermore, in a spark plug that forms a plug gap between a center electrode and a ground electrode, an ignition groove is formed around the axis on the outer peripheral surface of the columnar tip side of the center electrode, and a spark groove is formed around the axis between the tip surface of the ground electrode plate and the center electrode. By opening a part of the ignition groove into the plug gap formed by the outer peripheral surface, it is possible to effectively utilize the outer peripheral surface of the center electrode, which has a large surface area, and easily create the ignition groove with the desired shape in terms of volume and length. By using the flame kernel in the plug gap as the first pilot flame and the second pilot flame, it is possible to easily shorten the combustion time of the mixture in the ignition groove and improve the fire spread efficiency. The flame spreading force of the flame kernel generated in the plug gap can be propagated in multiple directions around the axis of the center electrode by the ignition groove.

``Example'' An example of the present invention will be described below in detail based on the drawings. 1st
The figure is an overall view, the second figure is a partial view, and the third figure is a bottom view.
A conductive fully bent fixing body (1) that is screwed to the engine block of an internal combustion engine and grounded.

The fixed body (1) is provided with a ceramic electric insulator (2) that embeds and supports the intermediate portion. And at one end there is a terminal (3
) are fixedly supported on the insulator (2), and a cylindrical center electrode (4) connected to the center electrode (4) is arranged at the center.

The base ends of a pair of rectangular flat ground electrodes (5) (5) are integrally fixed to the engine insertion end of the fixed body (1), and the center electrode (each ground electrode (5) is connected approximately parallel to the 0-axis core line). (5) Extend the proximal end.

Further, the tip side of the silver ground electrode (5) is bent toward the center electrode (4), and the tip side of the silver ground electrode (5) is extended in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the center electrode (4). 0
The front end surfaces of the silver ground electrode (5) are arranged opposite to the outer peripheral surface of the front end, and a plug gap (8) is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the center electrode (0) and the end surface of the silver ground electrode (5).

Roughly speaking, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the opening angle in the direction intersecting the axis of the center electrode (4) is about 100 to 120 degrees at the tip surface of the cylindrical tip side of the center electrode (4). The central electrode ( 7 ) forms a triangular ignition groove ( 7 ) on the end surface of the center electrode (
4) While opening the ignition groove (7) side end on the outer peripheral surface side,
A pole (4) centered at the deepest part and approximately concave depth of the ignition groove (7)
) Concave the axis position of the tip surface and make a fuel concentration part of 1 circular hole (8)
This fuel concentration part (8) is communicated with the plug gap (6) via the ignition groove (7), and the combustion expansion force of the flame kernel generated in the plug gap (6) is transferred to the ground electrode plate ( 5) It is repulsed by the tip surface and acts as a combustion expansion force of the flame kernel in the direction of the ignition groove (7) of the center electrode (4) facing the silver ground electrode (5) and the tip surface, and the flame kernel in the plug gap (8). is physically accelerated and protrudes in the direction of the ignition groove (7), causing the air-fuel mixture in the small volume of the ignition groove (7) to spread quickly, and using the flame kernel as the first pilot flame, the ignition groove (7) is combusted. A large second pilot flame is formed by the gas, and a larger third pilot flame is formed by burning the air-fuel mixture in the fuel concentration part (8), and the fuel concentration is caused by the generation of a flame kernel at the plug ear knob (8). Department (
8) The flame propagation acceleration until combustion of the air-fuel mixture is extremely high, and the initial combustion speed of the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder is significantly accelerated.

This embodiment is constructed as described above, and by attaching the fixed body (1) to the engine and energizing the terminal (3), the connection between the outer peripheral surface of the center electrode (0 tip and the tip surface of the ground electrode silver (5) A spark is generated in the plug gap (6).The air-fuel mixture supplied to the engine cylinder is compressed by the piston, and when the center electrode (0) is energized just before the top dead center of the piston, the spark is generated in the plug gap (6). ), a spark is generated and the air-fuel mixture is ignited, the air-fuel mixture burns, and the explosive force pushes the piston back, resulting in an explosion process.

A flame kernel, which is a first pilot flame, is formed in the neck by the spark from the plug eartube (6), and the flame kernel spreads to the air-fuel mixture in the ignition groove (7), which has a smaller volume than the other parts, and the ignition groove (7). The air-fuel mixture in 7) burns early to form a second pilot flame larger than the flame kernel, and the air-fuel mixture in the fuel concentration part (8) burns to form a third pilot flame that is larger. The force of combustion and expansion of the air-fuel mixture in the ignition groove (7) and the fuel concentration part (8) is reflected internally, physically accelerated, and released into the cylinder, burning the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder. The combustion gas in the ignition groove (7) is used as the second pilot flame, and the combustion gas in the fuel concentration part (8) is used as the third pilot flame to shorten the combustion time of the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder and prevent incomplete combustion. This prevents gas generation and reduces power loss during the piston compression process, improving engine efficiency and reducing fuel consumption.

When a flame kernel is formed in the plug gap (6), the combustion expansion force of the flame kernel is reflected by the tip surface of the silver ground electrode (5), and the flame kernel is physically accelerated to form an ignition groove. (7
), the plug gap (6
), the flame kernel spreads in the ignition groove (7), and the time required for the mixture in the ignition groove (7) to complete combustion can be shortened. ) The physical acceleration of the flame kernel repelled by the surface can further amplify the fire spread of the second pilot flame formed by burning the air-fuel mixture in the ignition groove (7).

Further, FIGS. 6 and 7 show another embodiment, in which a semicircular ignition groove (7) is formed on the end face of the center electrode (4) on the tip side.
The semicircular side end of the ignition groove (7) opens into the plug gap [8].

Furthermore, FIGS. 8 and 9 show other embodiments, in which a rectangular ignition groove (7) is formed on the end face of the center electrode (4) on the tip side.
is formed, and the rectangular side end of the ignition groove (7) opens into the plug earpiece (6).

Furthermore, FIGS. 10 to 13 show another embodiment in which a spark plug forms a plug gap (8) between a center electrode (0) and a ground electrode (5).

On the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical tip side of the center '1 [pole (4), a semicircular end face i+1 (9) is formed around the axis, and the ground electrode silver (5) tip surface and the center electrode (4) outer periphery are formed. A part of the ignition groove (9) is opened in the plug gap (8) formed by the surface, and ignition by a spark closes the plug gap (
6) When a flame kernel is formed, the combustion explosive force of the flame kernel is repelled by the tip surface of the silver ground electrode (5).

Ground electrode silver (5) ignition groove (3) on the part facing the tip surface
A second pilot flame larger than the flame kernel of the plug gap (8) which is used as the first pilot flame A fire is formed by the combustion gas in the ignition groove (9), and the combustion gas in the ignition groove (8) layered in a ring around the outer circumference of the center electrode (4) spreads to the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder, causing the mixture in the cylinder. It burns energy.

Furthermore, FIG. 14 shows another embodiment, in which the center electrode (
4) A triangular ignition groove (3) is formed around the axis on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical tip side.

Furthermore, FIG. 15 shows another embodiment, in which the center electrode (
4) A rectangular flash tJ (9) is formed around the axis on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical tip side.

Furthermore, FIGS. 16 and 17 show other embodiments, in which, like the embodiments shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 above, the tip of the center electrode (4) is A triangular ignition groove (7) is formed on the end surface, and the center electrode (0) is recessed at the axis position of the tip surface to form a circular hole fuel concentration portion (8), as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 above. Similar to the embodiment, the center electrode (0) has a semicircular ignition groove (9) formed around the axis on the outer circumferential surface of the tip end, and a plug gap (6).
The flame kernel formed in the above-mentioned ignition grooves (7) and (9) is caused to spread into the air-fuel mixture in each of the ignition grooves (7) and (9), and the combustion gas in each ignition groove (7) and (9) creates a second pilot flame larger than the flame kernel at two locations. It is dispersed and formed almost simultaneously.

Furthermore, FIGS. 18 and 19 show another embodiment, in which a cylindrical flammable body (10) with a larger diameter than this is integrally connected to the tip of the center electrode (4) by welding and fixing (11). The flammable body (lO) constitutes the negative part of the center electrode (4), and a ground electrode silver (5) is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the flammable body (10).
) The tip surfaces are arranged opposite each other to form a plug gap (6). Further, the flammable body (10) has an outer peripheral surface of the flammable body (10)
0) and the center electrode (4), a triangular ignition groove (12) is formed on the end surface in the same direction in the same direction as the axis of the ground electrode (4).
5), the middle part of the ignition groove (12) facing the ignition groove (12) is opened into the plug gap (8), and a plurality of ignition grooves (12) are provided at approximately equal intervals on the outer peripheral surface of the ignition body (10). There is. Furthermore, semicircular end-face guide grooves (13) (13) are formed around the axis above and below the plug gap (6) on the outer peripheral surface of the flammable body (1G).

Each ignition iM (12)... is communicated through the ignition groove (13).

Further, the tip surface of the flammable body (10) is recessed into a dish shape to form a fuel concentration file (14).
) The outer peripheral edge is partially communicated with the side end of the ignition groove (12).

After the flame kernel generated in the plug gap (6) spreads to the air-fuel mixture in the nearest ignition groove (12), the ignition groove (12), the ignition groove (13), and the fuel concentration part (14
), and the mixture in the cylinder is combusted using these combustion gases as a pilot fire.

Furthermore, FIG. 20 shows another embodiment, in which the above-mentioned
Similarly to the embodiment shown in the figure, an ignition groove (12) and a fuel concentration part (14) are provided in the ignition body (lO).

A ignition groove (13) is formed in a spiral shape on the outer peripheral surface of the flammable body (1G).

The flame kernel of the plug gear (8) is caused to spread directly into the air-fuel mixture in the fuse groove (13) that opens into the plug gap (6).

"Effects of the Invention" As is clear from the above embodiments, the present invention has a central electrode (4
) and a ground electrode (5), in a spark plug that forms a plug gap (8) between the center electrode (4) and the ground electrode (5), a fuel concentrating portion (8 ), forming an ignition groove (7) communicating with the fuel concentration part (8) in a direction intersecting the axis thereof, and forming a plug gap (8) with the tip surface of the silver ground electrode (5). Electrode (4
) The ignition groove (7) side end is opened on the outer periphery wfIg14, and when a flame kernel is formed in the plug gap (6) due to ignition, the ground electrode silver (5) tip surface that forms the plug gap (6) Since the flame kernels repelled by the flame protrude in the direction of the ignition groove [7], a small amount of air-fuel mixture in the ignition groove (7) is quickly combusted, increasing the firepower of the fire, and causing the fire to spread to the fuel concentration area (8). It is possible to generate a more powerful flame kernel and increase the firepower for spreading fire more easily than before, and if the spark generation is the first pilot fire, the combustion firepower of the ignition groove (7) becomes the second pilot fire, and furthermore. The fire spreads to the fuel concentration part (8): It becomes a pilot fire of 53, and its powerful fire spread firepower can be increased more easily than before, and the fire spreads from the plug gap (6) to the ignition groove (7) and the fuel concentration part (
8) The time from the formation of a flame kernel in the plug gap (6) to the combustion of the mixture in the fuel concentrated ff1 (8) through the ignition groove (7). By easily shortening the center electrode (4) and enlarging the tip surface of the center electrode (4) as necessary,
The volume and length of the ignition groove (7) and the fuel concentration part (8) are adjusted to the ground, and the ignition groove (7) has an optimal shape according to the type of fuel without being limited by the flame-extinguishing effect of the electrode plate (5). ) and the fuel concentration part (8) can be easily obtained.

Furthermore, in the ignition plug that forms a plug gap (6) between the center electrode (4) and the ground electrode plate (5), an ignition groove is provided around the axis on the outer peripheral surface of the columnar tip side of the center electrode (4). (
9) (12) is formed, and a part of the ignition groove (θ) (12) is opened in the plug gap (6) formed by the tip surface of the ground electrode plate (5) and the outer peripheral surface of the center electrode (4). As a result, the outer circumferential surface of the center electrode (4), which has a large surface area, can be effectively used to form the ignition groove (
9) (12) can be formed by simple machining, and the combustion time of the mixture in the ignition groove (9) (12), which uses the flame kernel of the plug gap (8) as the first pilot flame and becomes the second pilot flame. It can easily shorten the plug gap and improve fire spread efficiency.
6) The fire spreading force of the flame kernel generated in the ignition groove (9) (12)
This has the effect of being able to propagate in multiple directions around the axis of the center electrode (4).

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an overall view showing one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partial view thereof, Fig. 3 is a bottom view, Figs. 4 and 5 are partially enlarged views, and Figs. 6 to 20 are other views. It is an explanatory view showing an example of. (4)... Center electrode (5)... Ground electrode (6)... Plug gap (7) (9) (12)... Spark groove (8)...
Fuel concentration department agent Tadaharu Fujiwara 81 Figure 2nd recess F $4 Figure 83 Figure 7 ゛ Akira 10 Figure 11 Figure 812 Figure '413 Figure 14 Figure 815 Figure 9, 5F, 16 Figure 18 Figure 81q Figure 20

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a spark plug that forms a plug gap between a center electrode and a ground electrode plate, a fuel concentration portion is provided at the center of the center electrode on the tip surface of the columnar tip side of the center electrode, and the direction intersects with the axis line of the spark plug. Forms an ignition groove that communicates with the fuel concentration area,
1. A quick combustion device for an ignition plug for an internal combustion engine, characterized in that an ignition groove side end is opened on the outer peripheral surface side of the center electrode that forms a plug gap with the tip surface of a ground electrode plate. (2) In a spark plug that forms a plug gap between the center electrode and the ground electrode plate, a spark groove is formed around the axis on the outer peripheral surface of the columnar tip side of the center electrode, and the spark groove is formed between the tip surface of the ground electrode plate and the center. 1. A quick combustion device for an ignition plug for an internal combustion engine, characterized in that a part of the ignition groove is opened in a plug gap formed with an outer peripheral surface of an electrode.