JPH01283029A - Lamp voltage control circuit for motorcycle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an inexpensive and efficient lamp voltage control circuit for motorcycle by connecting a thyristor for recharging a battery, during positive half cycle of an output voltage from an AC generator, applying voltage onto a lamp during negative half cycle and controlling the lamp and the applying voltage thereof in series. CONSTITUTION:If a thyristor 4 is not conducting during negative half cycle of the output voltage from an AC generator 1, the potential at the anode A of the thyristor 4 is equal to ground potential. Upon conduction of NPN transistor Q42 in a comparing circuit 8. PNP transistor Q41 in a thyristor drive circuit 41 is conducted and the collector current of the PNP transistor Q41 flows through a diode D43 and a resistor R46 to bring the gate G voltage of the thyristor 4 sufficiently higher than the cathode K voltage and trigger current flows through the gate G to bring the thyristor 4 into conducting state.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a voltage regulating circuit for supplying voltage to a battery and a headlamp when charging the battery and lighting the headlamp from an alternator in a two-wheeled vehicle.

(Prior Art) FIG. 6 shows an example of the configuration of a conventional voltage regulating circuit for lighting a headlamp and charging a battery of a two-wheeled vehicle.

In Figure 6, FWM is an alternator with an intermediate tap;
E is a battery, L is a headlamp, Ql is a PNP transistor, Q, , Q is an NPN transistor, 5CR1
, 5CR2 is a thyristor, ZD.

ZD2 is a Zener diode, D1 to D7 are diodes, and R1 to R1 are resistors.

Next, the operation of the above conventional example will be explained. In FIG. 6, since the center tap of the coil AC of the alternator FWM is B, the voltage between AB and AC is lower than the voltage between AC. Since the alternating current generator FWM is directly connected to the engine of the two-wheeled vehicle, its output voltage and frequency change depending on the rotational speed of the engine. During a half cycle when the output voltage of the alternator FWM is positive (voltage at terminal C is positive), when thyristor 5CR2 conducts and a charging current flows to battery E, battery E
Since the impedance of the alternator FWM is lower than the internal impedance of the alternator FWM, the output voltage of the alternator FWM is clamped to the voltage of the battery E.

When the alternator FWM is in a negative half cycle (the voltage at terminal C is negative), when the voltage applied to the lamp L increases, the thyristor SCR starts conducting, so the alternator FWl
The output voltage of vi becomes 110 I+. In this way, a voltage with a complicated waveform is applied to the lamp L, which varies depending on the engine speed, the state of charge of the battery E, and the magnitude of the load on the lamp L. Since the illuminance of the lamp L is determined by the effective value of the voltage applied to the lamp, it is designed to keep the effective value of the applied voltage constant.

When the output voltage of the alternator FWM is in a positive half cycle, battery E is charged by Zener diode zD2. The current is determined by the voltage between the resistors R7, R, and the pace emitter at which the NPN transistor Q2 starts to conduct. At this time, a voltage proportional to the voltage at the output terminal C of the alternator FWM is supplied to the lamp L from the intermediate tap B. Ru. A current due to the voltage applied to the lamp L flows to ground through the capacitor C0, the resistor R7, the Zener diode ZD1, the diode D4, and the resistor R2, which are connected in parallel between the emitter and base of the diode D, PNP transistor Q1. A voltage related to the voltage applied to the lamp L is generated in the capacitor C1.

When the alternator FWM is in the negative half cycle, the lamp ■,
The current due to the voltage applied to the ground (alternator FW
The current flows from the A terminal of M to the intermediate tap B through the diode D2, the parallel-connected capacitor C1, the resistor R3, the Zener diode ZD, the diode D3, and the resistor R1.

At this time, when the voltage of the capacitor C1 increases and the transistor Q1 starts to conduct, the collector current of the transistor Q1 flows through the diode Ds and the resistor R4, and a voltage sufficient to conduct the thyristor SCR is generated in the resistor R4. The thyristor 5CR1 becomes conductive, the output of the alternator is short-circuited, and the output voltage becomes '0'.

Since the effective value of the voltage applied to the lamp L is the square root of the mean of the squares of the instantaneous values of the applied voltage, it is determined by the high value part of the instantaneous values, so the Zener diode ZD
, when the voltage applied to the lamp becomes higher than a certain value, a current is passed through the capacitor C0, and the voltage applied to the lamp is controlled by the voltage generated by this current.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, the conventional two-wheeled vehicle lamp voltage control circuit has the following problems.

(1) The voltage of the lamp voltage fluctuation capacitor C3 is determined by the voltage waveform applied to the lamp, the Zener diode ZD1, and the resistor R.

Since it is an average value determined by R2, R, and capacitor C1, it is different from the effective value of the lamp voltage.

Therefore, it is difficult to keep the effective value of the voltage applied to the lamp constant despite changes in the state of charge of the battery E, fluctuations in the load of the lamp L, rotational speed of the alternator FWM, and the like.

(2) Lamp brightness flickering During the time period when the absolute value of the instantaneous value of the output voltage of the alternator FWM is decreasing, the thyristor SCR,.

In the conventional technology, SCR, is made conductive several times, and during several rotations of the alternator FWM, 5CR1, SCR, is not conductive, and then conductive for the next few rotations, so at this time, the brightness of the lamp is Flickering.

(3) Magnitude of Battery Charging Current The voltage applied to the lamp is adjusted by making the thyristor 5CR1 conductive during the negative half cycle of the output voltage of the alternator FWM. At this time, the delay angle ψ of the current flowing through the circuit is expressed by equation (1).

ψ=Tan-" (2πf L/R) -- (1) f: Frequency of the output voltage of the alternator FWM L: Circuit inductance R: Circuit resistance Since the thyristor SCR is made conductive, the circuit resistance R
becomes a small value and the delay angle ψ becomes large.

The time period during which the battery E can be charged (the half cycle in which the output voltage of the alternator is positive) is reduced by the increase in the delay angle ψ, and the charging current is reduced. This point is a fundamental problem with circuit systems that control by short-circuiting thyristors.

The present invention solves the conventional problems as described above, and aims to provide an inexpensive and efficient lamp voltage control circuit for a two-wheeled vehicle.

(Means for Solving Problems 8) In order to achieve the above [1], (1) the battery is charged in the positive half cycle of the output voltage of the alternator in order to improve the battery charging current; The lamp is connected in series with a thyristor that controls the voltage applied to the lamp, and the lamp voltage is applied by making the thyristor conductive.

(2) In order to stabilize the voltage applied to the lamp, a triangular wave generation circuit is provided between zero crosses of the output voltage of the alternator, and this triangular wave voltage is compared with the voltage of the lamp applied voltage detection circuit to control the lamp voltage. To determine the time when conduction of a thyristor starts.

(Function) Therefore, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) Improvement of battery charging current With the above configuration, in the negative half cycle of the output voltage of the alternator, the short circuit current does not flow as in the conventional method, but the current flows through the lamp, so that the equation (1) above is satisfied. By reducing the delay angle ψ, the charging time ratio can be increased. In addition, during the positive half cycle of the output voltage of the alternator, the system does not supply voltage to the lamp, so the current flowing to the lamp can also be used to charge the battery. The current can be increased.

(2) Stabilizing the voltage applied to the lamp Since we decided to supply current to the lamp during the negative half cycle of the output voltage of the alternator, the voltage waveform applied to the lamp should be a waveform that is not affected by the battery. was completed. As a result, the conduction start time (conduction start angle) of the thyristor that keeps the effective value of the lamp applied voltage constant is determined by the rotation speed of the alternator and the size of the lamp load, and the conduction start time is determined by the triangular wave voltage and the lamp voltage. It became possible to determine the output voltage of the detection circuit by comparing it with a comparison circuit, and as a result, it became possible to control the effective value of the lamp voltage over a wide range of lamp loads and alternator rotation speeds. Furthermore, as a result of applying the output voltage of the comparison circuit to the gate of the lamp voltage control thyristor, the conduction of the thyristor is stable even at a small conduction angle, and flickering in lamp brightness is prevented. It has the effect of being able to.

(Embodiment) FIG. 1 shows a block configuration of a lamp voltage control circuit for a two-wheeled vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. In Figure 1,
1 is an alternating current generator (FWM), the output terminal A is grounded, and the other output terminal C is a thyristor 5 (S C
battery 3 (E) through R,) and thyristor 4 (
SCR,) is connected to lamp 2 (L). The thyristor 4 (SCR, ) is for controlling the voltage applied to the lamp 2 (L), and its anode is connected to the lamp 2 (L) and its cathode is connected to the output terminal C of the alternator 1 (FWM). The thyristor 5 (S CR,) is used to control the charging voltage of the battery 3 (E), and its anode is connected to the output terminal C of the alternator 1 (FWM), and its cathode is connected to the positive electrode of the battery 3 (E). It is connected to the. lamp 2
(L) and the other end of the battery 3 (E) that is not connected to the thyristors 4 and 5 is connected to ground.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the triangular wave generating circuit (1) 6 and the triangular wave generating circuit (2) 7 in FIG.

In Figure 2, (A) is the output voltage waveform of alternating current generator 1 (FWM), (B) is the output voltage waveform of triangular wave generating circuit (1) 6, and (C) is the output of triangular wave generating circuit (2) 7. The voltage waveform (D) is an example of a circuit that creates the negative triangular voltage waveform shown in (B). In Figure 2 (D), capacitor C
1, one end is connected to ground, and the other end is connected to a constant current circuit. An NPN transistor Q1. is connected to the ground side of the capacitor C11. collector is connected.

The emitter of transistor Q11 is connected to the intersection of capacitor C11 and the constant current circuit. Transistor Q1.
The base of is the resistor R111Rl 2 t R! 3 to the output terminal C of the alternator 1 (FWM). The operation of this circuit is such that when the output terminal C of the alternating current generator 1 (FWM) is in a positive half cycle, the transistor Q1□ becomes conductive, and the voltage of the capacitor C01 is discharged through the collector-emitter of the transistor Q□. Furthermore, when the output terminal C of the alternating current generator 1 (FWM) enters a negative half cycle, the transistor Q + x becomes non-conductive, and the capacitor C11 has a constant 'i1! Since a constant negative current is supplied from the current circuit, a triangular voltage waveform in the negative direction as shown in FIG. 2(B) is output at the output end. (E) is an example of a circuit that creates a triangular voltage waveform in the positive direction shown in (c) and b.It is the same as the circuit in (D) except that a PNP transistor is used as the transistor. A triangular voltage waveform is output in the positive direction.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the voltage applied to the lamp 2 (L). When the output voltage waveform of AC generator 1 (FWM) is a sine wave and the angle at which thyristor 4 (SCR) starts conducting is O6, the effective value of the voltage applied to lamp 2 (L) is VLR□ Then, El: Maximum instantaneous value of output voltage of alternator 1 (FWM) 0□; Angle Oo at which lamp 2 (L) current becomes O; Angle at which thyristor 4 (S CR,) starts conducting ω=2πf, f: Frequency of output voltage of alternator FWM R=RII+RL R+,; resistance of lamp 2 (L),
R,; Inductance and resistance of alternating current generator 1 (FWM) Also, the maximum instantaneous value VLIIAX of the voltage applied to lamp 2 (L) has a maximum angle of 0. Then, El is proportional to the rotation speed of the alternating current generator 1 (FWM).

Effective value of voltage applied to lamp 2 (L) vLl+□=
As 13.5V, alternator 1 (F WM) (7)
Number of revolutions.

Thyristor 4 (S CR1) corresponding to the lamp resistance
Conduction start angle 0° (or conduction start time j, = θ./2
πf) can be obtained from equation (2), then lamp 2
The effective value of the voltage applied to (L) can be constant at 13.5V.

A method for determining the time when thyristor 4 (SCR1) starts conducting will be explained with reference to FIG. In Figure 3, e, (CI, 2) is AC generator 1 (FWM)
The output voltage waveform when there is no load, VLlj (1+j=1
, 2) is the voltage waveform applied to lamp 2 (L), t+s
(1*j”l+2) is the thyristor 4 (S CR,
), the VDth (i, j=1, 2) is the output voltage of the lamp voltage detection circuit 9. e1. VLII+
The subscript i=1 of tlie VDII is AC generator 1 (F
When the rotational speed of WM) is 8000RPM, i=2 is when the rotational speed is 500ORPM. Further, the subscript j=1 indicates that the resistance R1 of the lamp 2 (I,) is 6Ω, and 3j=2 indicates that the resistance RL is 24Ω. ■ is the output voltage waveform of the triangular wave generating circuit (1) 6, which has a constant slope regardless of the rotation speed of the alternator 1 (FWM) and the load resistance RL of the lamp 2 (L), as shown in Figure 3. It is a waveform. Output voltage V of lamp voltage detection circuit 9. The conduction of thyristor 4 (S CR,) starts at the time when the triangular wave voltage V and the voltage V coincide with each other. If the conduction start time ji4 of
It can be kept constant regardless of the resistance RL of (L).

The fourth example shows an example of a circuit that can satisfy the above relationship. In Figure 4, 1 is an alternating current generator (FWM), 2 is a lamp (L), and 4 is a thyristor (S).
CR1), 8 is a comparison circuit (1), 9 is a lamp voltage detection circuit, 41 is a thyristor (s c Rt ) drive circuit, 4
2 is a time ratio correction circuit, Q 4 x is a PNP transistor, Q4. is an NPN transistor, ZD4□.

zD4. , zD4. is a Zener diode, D4.

D42. D43 is a diode, R41 to R4 are resistors, and C419c42 is a capacitor.

Next, the triggering operation of the thyristor 4 (SCR,) will be explained with reference to FIG. In the 4th session, alternator 1
When the output voltage of (FWM) is in a negative half cycle, if thyristor 4 (S CR, ) is not conducting, the potential of the anode (A) of thyristor 4 (S CR1) is the same as ground. ■□ is a negative DC constant voltage, which is -6V in this embodiment. At this time, when the NPN transistor Q4m of the comparator circuit (1) 8 becomes conductive, the PNP transistor Q9 of the thyristor 131 circuit 41 becomes conductive, and P
The collector current of the NP transistor Q41 is connected to the diode D43. By flowing through the resistor R46, the voltage at the gate (G) of the thyristor 4 (SCR,) changes to the cathode (
K), a trigger current flows through the gate (G), and the thyristor 4 (SCR,) becomes conductive. Diode D4° is for protecting PNP transistor Q41 when the output power of alternating current generator 1 (FWM) is in a positive half cycle. Also resistance R4s
is for limiting the current when the anode (A) of the thyristor 4 (S CR, ) becomes a high negative voltage. Although omitted in Figure 4, the comparison circuit (1)
A diode for preventing overvoltage application is used in the collector of the NPN transistor Q4t in the normal manner.

When the lamp load increases and the rotation speed of the alternator increases, thyristor 4 (S CR1) malfunctions and the
% conduction may occur. Capacitor C43 is provided to prevent malfunction.

The flickering of the brightness of the lamp 2 (L) is related to the slope of the triangular voltage waveform V shown in FIG. AC generator 1 (F
When the rotation speed of AC generator 1 (WM) is 500 ORPM, and the peak value of the triangular wave voltage (Vl-v in Fig. 3) is 0.3 V or more, the lamp voltage is 5 to 60 W, and the AC generator 1 (FW
M) The lamp does not flicker when the rotation speed is 1,500 to 9,000 RPM.

The time ratio of the positive half cycle and negative half cycle of the output voltage of the alternator 1 (FWM) changes according to the current value flowing in each half cycle.The voltage of the lamp 2 also changes due to the fluctuation of the 0 time ratio. Therefore, the time ratio correction circuit 42 is required to improve the accuracy of the voltage applied to the lamp. Fourth
The figure shows a Zener diode zD42. ZD43 and resistor R4
7 and R4, one embodiment of the time ratio correction circuit is shown. The positive half cycle of the output voltage of alternator 1 is
The voltage is clamped by Zener diode ZD43, and the negative half cycle is clamped by Zener diode ZD41. These clamp voltages are supplied to the capacitor C42 of the lamp voltage detection circuit 9 through the resistor R4. However, if the negative half cycle is long, the effective value of the voltage applied to the lamp 2 tends to be high.

When the time ratio correction circuit 42 is provided, the output voltage of the time ratio correction circuit becomes longer for negative voltages, so the capacitor C
More charges flow out from the resistor 41 to the resistor 48, and the voltage of the lamp voltage detection circuit 9 moves more in the negative direction.As a result, as is clear from FIG. 3, the time at which the thyristor 4 starts conducting is delayed. The voltage applied to lamp 2 becomes smaller.

FIG. 5 shows a comparison of characteristics of a circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention with a conventional circuit. As is clear from FIG. 5, in the circuit according to the present invention, the change in lamp voltage with respect to the rotational speed of the alternator is small, and the battery charging current in the circuit according to the present invention is about twice that of the conventional example.

(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the above-described embodiments of the present invention, the battery charging current is approximately doubled, and the lamp voltage has the effect of having a small change with respect to the rotational speed of the alternator and the lamp load. In addition, in order to obtain a charging current equivalent to that of the circuit according to the present invention using a conventional circuit, it is necessary to increase the size of the alternator and the capacity of the thyristor, and to increase the capacity of the circuit in order to improve heat dissipation. It is. A larger alternator means a larger inertia, which leads to a decrease in acceleration performance at the start, which is one of the important characteristics of a two-wheeled vehicle. Therefore, the present invention is also useful for improving the performance and reducing the weight of a two-wheeled vehicle. have an effect.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a circuit block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a triangular wave generation circuit of an embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 3 is a control operation of the lamp applied voltage in an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of a voltage control thyristor applied to a lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a characteristic comparison diagram between an embodiment of the present invention and a conventional example. FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a conventional example. 1... Alternating current generator (FWM), 2... Lamp (
L), 3... Battery (E), 4... Thyristor for controlling lamp applied voltage, 5... Thyristor for controlling battery charging, 6... Triangular wave generation circuit (1), 7... Triangular wave generation Circuit (2). 8... Comparison circuit (1), 9... Lamp voltage detection circuit, 10... DC voltage detection circuit, 11... Comparison circuit (2), 41... Thyristor (s CR,) drive circuit , 42... time ratio correction circuit. Figure 2Figure 2 (arable land) VLII, VL12. Vu+, VL22 Rump'+= f9 Calo Y * y'hc) 1. I2
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Claims (1)

[Claims] The battery is charged during the positive half cycle of the output voltage of the alternator of the two-wheeled vehicle, and voltage is applied to the lamp during the negative half cycle, and the charging of the battery is controlled during the positive half cycle of the alternator. A triangular wave voltage is generated between the first reverse blocking three-terminal thyristor (hereinafter referred to as thyristor), the second thyristor that controls the voltage applied to the lamp in the negative half cycle, and the zero cross of the output voltage of the alternator. A triangular wave generation circuit and a lamp voltage detection circuit that detects the voltage applied to the lamp are provided, and the triangular wave voltage of the triangular wave generation circuit and the output voltage of the lamp voltage detection circuit are compared,
By controlling the conduction angle of the second thyristor,
A lamp voltage control circuit for a two-wheeled vehicle, characterized in that the effective value of the voltage applied to the lamp is constant.