JPH01280675A - Cell starter for portable type small working machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the size and the weight of a device and to reduce a cost, by a method wherein a one-way clutch engaged and disengaged according to a relative difference in a rotation speed is located between a coupling member secured to the end part of a crank shaft and the output shaft of a speed change gear or the main shaft of a motor generator. CONSTITUTION:During, example, the starting of an engine, a power is fed to the generator part of a motor generator 12 and a main shaft 12a is rotated and thereby, an output shaft 13a of a speed change gear 13 is decelerated for rotation. But, since, during the initial stage of starting, a crank shaft 9 and a coupling member 14 are not rotated, the rotation speed of the output shaft 13a exceeds the rotation speed of the coupling member 14, and a first one-way clutch 15 located therebetween is locked. Further, since the rotation speed of the coupling member 14 is below the rotation speed of the main shaft 12a, a second one-way clutch 19 located therebetween is brought into a free state. The crank shaft 9 is rotated by the main shaft 12a to start an engine.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a cell starter for small portable working machines such as lawn mowers and backpack-type power spreaders, and particularly relates to a cell starter for compact portable working machines such as lawn mowers and backpack-type power spreaders. It is characterized by the fact that

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, small portable working machines such as lawn mowers and backpack-type power spreaders are equipped with a recoil starter made of a rope and a mainspring spring, etc., to start the engine that is the prime mover, and the rope of the recoil starter is pulled. This made it possible to start the engine.

However, it is inconvenient to pull the rope each time the engine is started, and as the displacement of the engine increases, a large amount of force is required to pull the recoil star rope, which naturally reaches the limit of human strength. was there. Also, for example, with a backpack-type power spreader, it is inconvenient that you cannot start the engine while carrying it on your backpack.

Therefore, conventionally, instead of the recoil starter, a cell starter consisting of a speed reducer, a motor, etc. has been provided. However, since such cell starters do not have a power generation function, a generator for charging the battery must be installed in a separate location, which increases the size and weight of the small portable working machine as a whole, as well as making it expensive. was there.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

The present invention aims to eliminate the drawbacks of the above-mentioned prior art, and to provide a cell starter for a small portable working machine that compactly incorporates a generator for battery charging, thereby improving the overall performance of the small portable working machine. The aim is to reduce the size, weight, and cost of the device.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a motor generator including a motor part and a generator part having a common main shaft, an output shaft forming a double shaft with the main shaft, and reducing the rotation of the main shaft. A reduction gear that rotates in the same direction, a connecting member fixed to the end of the crankshaft of the engine of the portable small working machine, and a connecting member fixed to the end of the crankshaft of the engine of the portable small working machine, and the rotating speed of the output shaft is provided between the connecting member and the output shaft. A one-way clutch of fangs 1 is provided between the connecting member and the main shaft, which is locked when the rotational speed of the connecting member is about to exceed the rotational speed of the connecting member, and is free when the rotational speed of the connecting member is about to exceed the rotational speed of the connecting member. It is composed of a two-way one-way clutch that locks when the rotational speed of the main shaft is exceeded and becomes free when the rotational speed falls below it.

[For production]

According to the present invention, when the engine of a small portable working machine is started, power is supplied from the battery provided in the small portable working machine to the motor part of the motor generator, and the main shaft of the motor generator is rotated. At the same time, the output shaft of the reducer is rotated in the same direction at a rotational speed that is reduced by a predetermined reduction ratio with respect to the rotational speed of the main shaft.

By the way, when the engine starts, the crankshaft and therefore the connecting member are not yet rotating, so when the output shaft of the reducer rotates when the engine starts, as described above, the rotation of the output shaft of the reducer changes. The speed tends to exceed the rotational speed of the connecting member, and the one-way clutch of fang 1 provided between the output shaft of the reducer and the connecting member locks, and as a result, the connecting member, and therefore the engine crankshaft, locks. is rotated at the same rotational speed as the output shaft of the reducer. On the other hand, looking at the relationship between the rotational speeds of the connecting member and the output shaft of the motor generator at this time, as mentioned above, the connecting member is simply rotated at the same rotational speed as the output shaft of the reducer; is slower than the rotational speed of the main shaft of the motor-generator by the amount decelerated by the reducer. Therefore, when the engine is started, the rotational speed of the connecting member does not try to rotate below the rotational speed of the main shaft of the motor-generator, and therefore the rotational speed of the connecting member does not exceed the rotational speed of the main shaft of the motor-generator. The one-way clutch No. 2 becomes free and only functions as a normal bearing.

In this way, when the engine is started, the one-way clutch of fang 1 is locked and the one-way clutch of spear 2 is released, so that the electric power supplied from the battery to the motor section of the motor generator is converted into mechanical power. The mechanical power is output from the main shaft of the motor generator, and this mechanical power is transmitted to the engine crankshaft via the reducer, its output shaft, the one-way clutch and the connecting member of the spear 1, and the crankshaft generates high-torque power. The engine is started by rotating the engine.

Then, when the engine is started and enters a normal operating state (idle rotation or higher rotation), the crankshaft becomes the drive side, contrary to the time of starting.
The rotational speed of the connecting member attempts to exceed the rotational speed of the main shaft θ) of the motor-generator, and the one-way clutch 2 locks.As a result, the main shaft of the motor-generator becomes the same as the connecting member, that is, the crankshaft. It must be rotated at a rotational speed. - On the other hand, if we look at the relationship between the rotational speeds of the connecting member and the output shaft of the reducer in this case, we find that the connecting member and the main shaft of the motor generator have the same rotational speed as described above, and the rotation of the output shaft of the reducer The speed is slower than the rotational speed of the main shaft of the motor generator by the amount of deceleration. Therefore, during normal operation of the engine, the rotational speed of the main shaft of the motor generator does not try to exceed the rotational speed of the connecting part phase, but falls below it, so the one-way clutch in Rule 71 becomes free and simply bearing σ) It does nothing but work.

In this way, during normal operation of the engine, the second one-way clutch is locked and the one-way clutch of fang 1 is released, contrary to the above-mentioned starting time.
The mechanical power of the crankshaft is directly transmitted to the main shaft of the motor generator via the connecting part phase and the one-way clutch of O.2, the main shaft is rotated, and the generated power is output from the generator part of the motor generator. , this power can be used to charge a battery.

As described above, according to the present invention, by the action of the tooth 1 and the second one-way clutch, the crankshaft and the main shaft of the motor generator are connected via a reduction gear when the engine is started. This state is similar to that in which the crankshaft and the main shaft of the motor generator are directly connected to each other without a reduction gear during normal operation of the engine. Therefore, even though a motor-generator having a motor section and a generator section with a common main shaft is used, the crankshaft can be rotated with high-torque mechanical power when starting the engine, and the engine can be rotated with high-torque mechanical power. During normal operation (the rotational speed of the crankshaft at this time is much higher than that at startup), the main shaft of the motor-generator is not rotated at a higher speed than necessary, which may damage the motor-generator or reduce its durability. It does not cause any problems such as deterioration of sex. In other words, if the crankshaft and the main shaft of the motor-generator are always connected via a reduction gear both when the engine is started and during normal operation, then during normal engine operation, the reduction ratio of the reduction gear will reduce the electric power generation. The main shaft of the machine will be rotated at an extremely high speed, and there is a risk that the motor/generator will be damaged, but this inconvenience does not occur with the present invention.

Since the present invention uses a motor-generator that includes a motor section and a generator section that have a common main shaft, the generator is compactly built-in. Therefore, there is no need to separately provide a special generator for the small portable working machine, and the small portable working machine as a whole can be made smaller, lighter, and less expensive.

[Example] The present invention will be described below based on the example shown in the drawings. In the case of the embodiment shown in the drawings, a cell starter b of the present invention is attached to a backpack-type power spreader a as a small portable working machine.

Fig. 1 is a front view of the backpack-type power spreader α, Fig. 2 is a rear view thereof (a view showing the surface located on the back side of the operator), and Fig. 3 is a view taken along arrow A-A in Fig. 2. It is an enlarged view of the main part.

In these drawings, 1 is a storage tank that stores the agent to be sprayed, 2 is a blower fan provided in a fan case 3,
4 is an intake port through which the blower fan 2 takes in outside air; 5 is an engine that operates the blower fan 2; 6 is a fuel tank for the engine 5; these are attached to a backpack frame 7 to form a backpack-type power spreader. a is configured such that when the engine 5 is started, the blower fan 2 rotates, air is sucked in from the outside through the suction port 4, and the sprayed agent is sprayed from the jet pipe 8 by the air. It has become. Incidentally, during the spraying work, the worker uses the backpack frame 7 to carry the spray on his back, and carries out the spraying work by holding the jet pipe 8 in his hand.

The crankshaft 9 of the engine 5 is arranged along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper in Figs. The blower fan 2 is connected. Therefore, in the illustrated backpack-type power spreader a, the blower fan 2, fan case 3, and suction port 4 are placed on the back side of the operator.
are now facing each other. Since the blower fan 2 and the like are arranged to face the back side of the worker, the inlet 4 and the backpack frame 7 are arranged so that the inlet 4 is not blocked by the worker's back. A dead space 11 is provided between the positions.

In the embodiment shown in the drawings, in order to effectively utilize the put space 11, the cell starter h of the present invention is attached to the blower fan 2 side of the crankshaft 9 of the engine 5, that is, to the back side of the operator. In addition, by attaching the cell starter h to the back side in this way, the center of gravity of the backpack-type power spreader a as a whole is located on the back side of the worker, so when the worker carries it on his or her back, there is no feeling of pressure. You don't get the benefit of being reduced either.

Next, the cell starter h of the present invention will be explained with reference to Figure 3.

In Fig. 3, 12 is a main shaft], 2a is a motor generator having a common electric motor part and a generator part, 13 is an output shaft 1
312 is a speed reducer that forms a double shaft with the P main shaft 12a and rotates in the same direction by decelerating the rotation of the main shaft 1.2a; 14 is the crankshaft 9 of the P engine 5;
It is a connecting member fixed to the end of the

Although not shown in the drawings, the motor generator 12 may be configured to include, for example, a DC motor section and a rotating field type synchronous generator section, both of which share a main shaft 12a. That is, the armature of the DC motor section and the permanent magnets serving as the field of the synchronous generator section θ) are attached to the main stand at different positions inside the main body of the main shaft 1.2fZ, and fixed magnets facing each other are attached to the main stand. It is sufficient to attach the field of the front = p DC motor section and the armature of the synchronous generator section to the side position. However, since the DC machine is used both as an electric motor and as a generator, it may be possible to simply use a DC machine as the motor generator 12 in some cases. In the case of the embodiment shown in the drawings, the main shaft 12fZ is composed of an inner portion that slightly projects outward from the inner extension of the motor generator 12 body, and an extension portion connected to the outer end of the inner portion. In addition,
In order to reduce the size of the motor-generator 12 itself, it is desirable to configure the built-in DC motor section to rotate at high speed with low torque.

Further, in the case of the embodiment shown in the drawings, a planetary gear unit is used as the speed reducer 13. Although the planetary gear unit is constructed almost in the same way as a normal one, the output shaft 13α is hollow, and The main shaft 12a of the motor generator 12 is inserted into the hollow part with an oil-less bearing 15 interposed therebetween,
The output shaft 13α of the reduction gear 3 constitutes a double shaft with the main shaft 12a of the motor generator 12. Note that the reduction gear 13
is not limited to planetary gears; for example, a combination of spur gears may also be used. In addition,
The speed reducer 13 and the motor generator 12 are integrated with a screw 16.

Further, in the case of the embodiment shown in the drawings, the connecting member 14 is configured with an engaging protrusion provided around its periphery as shown in Figures 2 and 4. It should be noted that Figure 4 is a view of the connecting member 14 seen from the left side in Figure 273.

In the center of the blower fan 2, there is a key groove 17 that engages with the convex portion 14a of the connecting member 14 as shown in Figure 5.
A hole 17 having α is formed, and the connecting member 14 is inserted into the hole 17. That is, in the case of the embodiment shown in the drawings, the connecting member 14 is fixed to the crankshaft 9 via the blower fan 2.
The figure is a view of the blower fan 2 seen from the right side in the fan 3 figure.

The connecting member 14 and the output shaft 1 of the reducer 13
3a, the rotational speed of the output shaft 13a is
A one-way clutch 8 is provided which is locked when the rotational speed exceeds the rotational speed of 4 and becomes free when the rotational speed falls below the rotational speed. Further, the connecting portion 14
and the main shaft 12a of the motor generator 12, there is a one-way clutch 19 of the spear 2 which is locked when the rotational speed of the connecting member 14 attempts to exceed the rotational speed of the main shaft 12a, and becomes free when the rotational speed falls below. will be provided.

Here, a one-way clutch has one side part and the other side part arranged coaxially, and when the relative rotation direction of each side part is in one direction, it is assumed that each side part is fixed. It performs the same action (locked state), and when the relative rotation direction is in the other direction, the side parts perform the same action (free state) as a normal bearing.

Furthermore, as is clear from the explanation of the operation described below, the one-way clutch 1.9&i! of ]72. Since the amount of torque transmitted is smaller compared to the one-way clutch 18 of 71,
[Crucible 72θ) One-way clutch] 9 can use a one-way clutch with a smaller torque transmission capacity than the one-way clutch 18 of the tooth 1.

Next, the operation of the cell starter h of the present invention having the above configuration will be explained. In the following explanation, for ease of understanding, when a predetermined voltage is applied to the motor section of the motor generator 12, the main shaft of the motor generator 12], 2a is 24000r
pm, and the reduction ratio of the reduction gear 13 is 1.
/36, during normal operation of the engine 5, the crankshaft 9 is supposed to rotate at 2000 to 8000 rpm.

However, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to these numerical values.

First, when starting the engine 5, a start switch (not shown) is pressed and power is supplied from a battery (not shown) provided in the backpack-type power spreader a to the generator section of the motor generator 2. The main axis 1.21Z is 2400O
rpm, thereby simultaneously reducing the speed reducer 13.
The output shaft 1.3a of the main shaft 12a has a rotational speed (240
The motors are rotated in the same direction at a rotational speed (667 rpm) that is reduced by a predetermined reduction ratio (1,736) compared to 0Orpm).

By the way, since the crankshaft 9 and therefore the connecting member 14 are not yet rotating when the engine 5 starts to start, the speed reducer 1 is not rotated when the engine 5 starts.
When the output shaft 13a of No. 3 rotates, the rotational speed of the output shaft 131Z of the reducer 13 tends to exceed the rotational speed of the connecting member 14, and the output shaft 13a of the reducer 13 and the connecting member 14 rotate. The one-way clutch 18 of the tooth 1 provided between the two locks, and as a result, the connecting part [4] and therefore the crankshaft 9 of the engine 5 are rotated at the same rotational speed (667 rpm) as the output shaft 13a of the reduction gear 13. This is what will happen. On the other hand, looking at the relationship between the rotational speeds of the connecting member J4 and the output shaft 12a of the motor generator 12 at this time, as mentioned above, the connecting member 14 has the same rotational speed as the output shaft 13a of the reducer 13 (667 rpm).
This rotational speed is slower than the rotational speed (24,000 rpm) of the main shaft 12a of the motor generator 12 by an amount reduced by the reduction tank 13. Therefore, when the engine 5 is started, the rotational speed of the connecting member 14 does not try to exceed the rotational speed of the main shaft 12a of the motor generator 12, but falls below the rotational speed of the main shaft 12a of the motor generator 12.
4 and the main shaft 12a of the motor generator 12]
The 12 one-way clutches 19 become free and function only as normal bearings.

In this manner, when the engine 5 is started, the one-way clutch 18 of the spear 1 is locked and the one-way clutch 19 of the spear 2 is released, so that the electric power supplied from the battery to the motor section of the motor generator J2 is mechanically transferred. It is converted into power and output from the main shaft 12a of the electric electric sign 12, and this mechanical power is transmitted to the reducer 13 and its output shaft 1.3a.
, ]-1 is transmitted to the crankshaft 9 of the engine 5 via the one-way clutch 18 and the connecting member 14, the crankshaft 9 is rotated by the high-torque power, and the engine 5 is started.

Note that when starting the engine 5, the motor generator 12
In order to transmit all the mechanical power generated on the main shaft 12+2 to the crankshaft 9, the motor generator 12
Make sure that electricity is not extracted from the generator section of the
be. That is, for example, it is preferable to use other contacts of the starting switch so that when the starting switch is pressed, the battery charging circuit connected to the generator section of the motor generator] 2 is cut off. It is something.

Then, when the engine is started and enters a normal operating state (idle rotation or higher rotation), the crankshaft 9 rotates at 2,000 to 8,000 rpm, and the crankshaft 9 becomes the drive side, contrary to the case when the engine is started. Therefore, the rotational speed of the connecting member 14 tends to exceed the rotational speed of the main shaft 12a of the motor generator 12, and the blade 2
The one-way clutch] 9 locks, and as a result, the main shaft 12a of the motor/generator] 2 rotates at the same rotational speed as the connecting member 14, that is, the crankshaft 9 (2000-8000
rpm). On the other hand, the connecting member 14 and the output shaft 13a of the reducer 13 at this time
Looking at the relationship in rotational speed between
2000-800Orpm), and the speed reducer 13
The rotational speed of the output shaft 13a of the main shaft 1.2a of the motor generator 12 is reduced by the amount (2000 to 8000
rpm). Therefore, engine 5
During normal operation, the rotational speed of the main shaft 121Z of the motor generator 12 does not try to exceed the rotational speed of the connecting member 140, but falls below it, so the one-way clutch 18 of Rule 11 becomes free, and only the action of the bearing is performed. There isn't.

In this way, during normal operation of the engine 50, the second one-way clutch 18 is locked and the one-way clutch 18 of the fang 1 is released, contrary to the case when the engine is started, so that the mechanical power of the crankshaft 9 is transferred to the connecting member. 14 and A2 is directly transmitted to the main shaft 12a of the motor generator]2 through the one-way clutch 19 of A2, and the main shaft 12a is
is rotated, the generated power is output from the generator section of the motor generator 12, and the inertial force of the motor generator 12 can be used to charge the battery. Incidentally, the generator section of the electric power generator 8':1.2 may be connected to the battery via a predetermined battery charging circuit. Note that the battery charging circuit may be configured to start charging the battery only when the rotational speed of the engine 5, that is, the crankshaft 9 reaches a rotational speed sufficient for charging.

As described above, according to the present invention, when the engine 5 is started, the crankshaft 9 and the motor generator 12 are
The state is similar to that in which the main shaft 12a of the engine 5 is connected via the reducer 13, and the crankshaft 9 and the main shaft 12a of the motor generator ]2 are connected without the reducer 13 during normal operation of the engine 5. The state is the same as if they were directly connected. Therefore, even though the motor-generator 12 having a motor section and a generator section that share the main shaft 12a is used, the crankshaft 9 can be rotated with high-torque mechanical power when starting the engine 5. At the same time, during normal operation of the engine (at this time θ), the rotational speed of the crankshaft 9 is considerably higher than that at startup), the main shaft 121Z of the motor generator 12 is not rotated at an unnecessarily high speed, and the motor generator This will not cause problems such as damage to the machine 12 or deterioration of surface durability.

That is, even when the engine 5 is started and during normal operation, the crankshaft 9 and the motor generator 1 are always connected.
If the main shaft 12a of the motor generator 2 is connected to the main shaft 12a of the motor generator 2 via the reducer 3, then during normal operation of the engine 50, the main shaft 12a of the motor generator plate 2 will be rotated at an extremely high speed due to the reduction ratio of the reducer 13. Although there is a risk that the machine 12 may be damaged, such inconvenience does not occur in the present invention.

Further, since the present invention uses a motor generator 12 that includes a motor section and a generator section that share the main shaft 12a, the generator is compactly built in, so to speak. Therefore, there is no need to separately provide a special generator for the backpack type power spreader a, and the overall size, weight, and cost of the backpack type power spreader a can be reduced.

In addition, in the above description, the cell starter h of the present invention
Although an example has been described in which the power spreader A is attached to a backpack-type power spreader, the above-mentioned situation is the same even if it is attached to various other small portable working machines such as a lawn mower.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, since the generator is compactly built-in, there is no need to separately provide a special generator for the small portable working machine, and the small portable working machine as a whole can be made smaller, lighter, and cheaper. This provides the effect of reducing the amount of water used.

4.Drawings σ-)f1] The mere explanatory drawings show one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a front view of a backpack-type spreader equipped with the cell starter of the present invention, and Figure 2 is its rear view. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the main part in the direction of arrow A-A in Fig. 2, ] Fig. 74 is a top view of the connecting member, fang 5
The figure is a side view of the blower fan.

]2... Motor generator, 1.2a... Main shaft, 13...
・Reducer, 13a...output shaft, 14...connection member,
18... Fang 1 one-way clutch, 19... 2nd
One-way clutch, a... Backpack power spreader, h
...Cell starter.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A motor-generator having a motor part and a generator part having a common main shaft, a speed reducer whose output shaft constitutes a double shaft with the main shaft and rotates in the same direction by decelerating the rotation of the main shaft, and a portable a connecting member fixed to an end of a crankshaft of an engine of a small working machine; and a connecting member provided between the connecting member and the output shaft, wherein the rotational speed of the output shaft exceeds the rotational speed of the connecting member. A first one-way clutch is provided between the connecting member and the main shaft and the first one-way clutch is locked when the rotational speed of the connecting member is about to exceed the rotational speed of the main shaft. A cell starter for a small portable working machine characterized by comprising a second one-way clutch that is locked and becomes free when the clutch falls below.