JPH01271086A - Method and device for adjusting gap of nozzle of work head in thermal cutting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To adjust a gap corresponding to the assist gas pressure generated between a work and the flange face of the tip of a slider by providing freely vertically movably the slider energized in the projecting direction by an elastic body to the nozzle tip part of a work head and having a flange at the tip. CONSTITUTION:The slider 33 provided at the nozzle 21 tip part of the work head 11 of a thermal cutting device is energized by an elastic body 35 in the projecting direction at all times, i.e., to the work W side with a flange part 39 being provided at the side coming into contact with the work W. So, pressure is generated between the work W and the flange face 39 of the slider 33 by injecting an assist gas. The pressure thereof, the spring force of the elastic body 35 and the tare of the slider 33 are balanced and the gap between the work W and slider 33 tip, i.e., the nozzle 21 tip can be set constant.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Objective of the Invention 1 (Industrial Application Field) This invention relates to a thermal cutting method for adjusting the gap between a nozzle of a processing head and a workpiece in a thermal cutting processing device such as a laser processing device or a plasma processing device. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for adjusting the gap of a nozzle of a processing head in a processing device.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, in a laser processing device such as a thermal cutting processing device, in order to maintain a predetermined distance between the workpiece and the processing head, an electrostatic capacitor is used to measure the distance between the processing head and the workpiece. A type or eddy current type distance detector is used.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In thermal cutting equipment such as the conventional laser processing equipment as described above, the work directly under the nozzle is exposed to high temperatures.
The workpiece receives high-temperature heat radiation from this part. Therefore,
The distance detector of thermal cutting processing equipment is affected by at least a little heat from the workpiece during processing, which impairs its performance.
Moreover, its lifespan is considerably shortened. Furthermore, the device is complicated, requires electrical control equipment, and is expensive in terms of equipment.

Therefore, the purpose of this invention was devised in view of the above-mentioned problems, and aims to constantly maintain high precision and reduce costs by mechanically adjusting the gap using assist gas pressure. An object of the present invention is to provide a method and device for adjusting the gap of a nozzle of a processing head in a thermal cutting processing device.

[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problem) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a sliding head which is biased in the protruding direction by an elastic body at the nozzle tip of the processing head and has seven flange at the tip. A method for adjusting the gap of a nozzle of a processing head in a thermal cutting processing device, in which a nozzle is provided with a slider that can be moved vertically, and the gap is set according to the assist gas pressure generated between the workpiece and the flange surface of the tip of the slider. be.

Further, the present invention provides a nozzle that automatically adjusts the distance between a workpiece attached to a processing head of a thermal cutting processing device, and a nozzle body is provided on the processing head via a nozzle holder, and the nozzle body is provided within the nozzle body. An elastic body is provided, and a slider having 7 flanges at the tip, which is biased in the protruding direction by the elastic body, is provided at the tip of the nozzle body so as to be movable up and down, thereby reducing the gap between the nozzles of the processing head in a thermal cutting processing device. A regulating device was configured.

(Function) With the above-mentioned configuration, the slider provided at the nozzle tip of the processing head in the thermal cutting processing device has a flange portion on the side that contacts the workpiece, and is always urged in the protrusion direction, that is, toward the workpiece side, by the elastic body. has been done.

Therefore, by blowing out the assist gas, pressure is generated between the workpiece and the flange surface of the slider, and the pressure is balanced with the elastic force of the ship's elastic body and the slider's own weight. As a result, the girth between the workpiece and the tip of the slider, that is, the tip of the nozzle can be set constant.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

Referring to Figure @4, this figure conceptually shows a side view of the overall configuration of a laser processing apparatus as a thermal cutting apparatus.

In FIG. 4, the laser processing apparatus 1 guides a workpiece W onto a fixed XSY table 3 laid horizontally, and thermally cuts the workpiece W with a laser beam LB.

In FIG. 4, the left-right direction will be referred to as the X-axis direction, and the direction perpendicular to the paper surface will be referred to as the Y-axis direction.

The laser beam LB is generated by a laser beam generator 5, and is sent to the processing beam 11 via an intensity adjustment device 7 and a reflection lt9.
are guided by. A condensing lens 13 is provided inside the processing head 11, and the laser beam LB is condensed by the condensing lens 13, and the workpiece W is thermally cut at the condensing position. Further, the workpiece W is held by a clamp 15 and moved horizontally on the XY table 3 so that the position to be cut is directly below the processing head 11.

The clamp 15 is configured to be driven in the X and Y directions on the plane of the XY-axis servo motor while gripping the workpiece W. The processing head 11 is driven in the vertical direction by a Z-axis layer servo motor. Further, the laser processing device 1 is equipped with an NC device 17, and a so-called manual pulse generator 19 is depicted on the operation section of the NC device 17.

The specific structure of the nozzle 21 attached to the tip of the processing head 11 is shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. Third
In the figure, a nozzle holder 23 is installed in the lower part of the processing head 11. A nozzle mount 27 is fixed to the nozzle holder 23 via a presser plate 25 with bolts 29. A slider 33 is attached to the tip of the nozzle body 31 screwed to the nozzle mount 27 so as to be movable up and down, and an elastic body 35 provided inside the nozzle body 31, such as a coil spring, moves the slider 33 in the projecting direction (workpiece W side). ) is energized.

Tips of a plurality of optical axis adjustment screws 37 from the side wall of the nozzle bolder 23 are brought into contact with the groove in the side wall of the nozzle mount 27 .

Therefore, by turning the optical axis adjustment screw 37,
For example, the center of the nozzle mount 27 is adjusted in the left-right direction in FIG. It will be done.

The configuration of the tip of the nozzle body 31 will be explained in more detail. 1 and 2, a vertically movable slider 33 is attached to the tip of the nozzle body 31 (partially not shown), and the slider 33 is located at the tip (lower side in FIG. 1). A flange portion 39 is provided at the flange portion 39 , and an elastic body 35 such as a coil spring is mounted between the flange portion 41 at the upper end and a stepped portion 43 provided on the nozzle body 31 . The slider 33 is always urged in the projecting direction (toward the work W side) by the elastic force of the elastic body 35.

Further, a hole 45 is formed through the approximate center of the first stylus 33, and the laser beam LB and assist gas pass through the hole 45 to perform the cutting process. Note that a seal member 47 is provided between the inner surface of the nozzle body 31 and the outer surface of the slider 33, and the seal member 47
It serves to prevent assist gas from leaking when the child 33 moves up and down.

With the above configuration, the nozzle gap adjustment method is as follows:
When thermally cutting a workpiece W placed on the XY table 3 of the laser processing device 1 with the laser beam LB,
In FIG. 1, although not shown, the assist gas and laser beam 1B supplied from a gas generation source are transferred to the slider 39.
The laser beam is sprayed or irradiated onto the surface of the workpiece W through the hole 45 to perform cutting.

The assist gas ejected onto the surface of the workpiece W hits the surface of the workpiece W and is reflected, causing a load on the surface of the flange portion 39 of the slider 33, causing the slider 33 to be affected by the elastic force of the elastic body 35 and the sliding force. The mover 33 is pushed upward against its own weight.

Gap G is obtained when the power relationship between the two is balanced.

This can be expressed by the following formula: P (A2-AI) = oo+ (K+X).

However, AI < A2.

A is the area of the upper surface of the flange portion 41 on the upper side of the slider 33.

A2 is the area of the lower surface of the flange portion 39 on the lower side of the first locking element 33.

P is the flange portion 3 of the slider 33 due to the assist gas pressure.
Pressure force generated on the surface of 9.

ω is the own weight of the slider 33.

K+X is the elastic force of the elastic body 35.

As understood from the above formula, the gap G can be set when both forces are balanced. 1. For example, the opening of the gap G needs to be set to about 1.5 mm during normal thermal cutting processing, and to about 0.31111 mm during clean cutting, and the gap G can be adjusted by adjusting the pressure of the assist gas. For example, the assist gas pressure is 6 to 10 k (J/Cl112), and the pressure is higher in the case of a clean cut.Also, another method is to use a hole penetrating the center of the slider 33, which is an AO. By changing the size of 45, the gap can be adjusted.

As mentioned above, the gap can be adjusted by mechanical means with a simple structure without using any electric components, and even if it is affected by heat during cutting, its performance is not impaired, and equipment costs can be reduced.

It goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the invention.

[Effects of the Invention] As can be understood from the above description of the embodiments, the present invention basically provides an IFI having a flange at the tip of the nozzle of the processing head, which is biased in the protruding direction by an elastic body.
A nozzle is constructed by providing a mover that can move up and down, and a gap can be set according to the assist gas pressure generated between the workpiece and the flange at the tip of the slider.

As a result, by using mechanical means instead of electrical components, its performance is not hindered even by the effects of heat during thermal cutting, and together with the simple configuration, it reduces equipment yellowing. be able to.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 and 2 are explanatory diagrams conceptually showing the structure of the nozzle tip showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
An enlarged sectional view taken in the direction of the I arrow in the figure, Figure 2 is the U--
FIG. 3 is a bottom view taken along the It line. FIG. 3 is a sectional view conceptually showing the structure of a processing head incorporating the nozzle of the present invention. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram conceptually showing a laser processing apparatus embodying the present invention. 11... Processing head 21... Nozzle 31... Nozzle body 33... Slider 35... Elastic body 39.
...7 Lange Department Agent Yasuo Miyoshi, Patent Attorney Figure 3 11... Processing head 21... Nozzle 31... Nozzle body 33... Slider 35... Elastic body 39.
...7 Lunge part 〆1-1 ZＥ n 45 II Fig. 1 Fig. 2

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A nozzle is provided with a slider that is biased in the protruding direction by an elastic body and has a flange at the tip, which is movable up and down, at the nozzle tip of the processing head, and between the workpiece and the flange surface of the slider tip. A method for adjusting the gap of a nozzle of a processing head in a thermal cutting processing device, characterized in that the gap is set according to the assist gas pressure generated. (2) A nozzle that is attached to a processing head of a thermal cutting processing device and automatically adjusts the distance between it and the workpiece, a nozzle body is provided to the processing head via a nozzle holder, and an elastic body is provided within the nozzle body. , a gap in a nozzle of a processing head in a thermal cutting processing device, characterized in that a slider having a flange at the tip, which is biased in the protruding direction by the elastic body, is provided at the tip of the nozzle body so as to be movable up and down. Adjustment device.