JPH01268944A - Fire-proof panel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a panel having good fire proofness, good impact resistance, and good heat insulation by a method in which a surface material composed of cement, etc., reinforced with inorganic fibers is provided to the outside of a quasi-noncombustible heat-insulating core and a plate composed of a material having noncombustibility similar to or higher than the quasi-noncombustible material is attached to the inside of the core. CONSTITUTION:A surface material 3 composed of cement mortar reinforced with inorganic fibers is provided to the outside of a quasi-noncombustible heat- insulating core 2 formed of an expanded vinyl chloride- or vinylidene chloride- based resin containing an inorganic filler. A plate 4 composed of a material having noncombustibility similar to or higher than the core is attached to the inside of the core 2. A light-weight fire-proof panel 1 having good fire proofness, good impact resistance, and good heat insulation can be obtained.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention provides a non-woven fabric that can be easily manufactured at a factory or construction site, has high heat insulation performance and fire resistance, and is highly designed and lightweight. The present invention relates to a fire-resistant panel suitable for constructing a load-bearing wall.

[Conventional technology]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a method of constructing a building by fixing non-load-bearing wall panels to a steel frame, which serves as a support for the building structure, with bolts or the like.

The non-load-bearing wall panels used at this time have a heat insulating property, especially a function as an external wall heat insulating panel, and are lightweight and large in size. Generally, a board is positioned as a heat insulating core material a, a mortar layer is formed on the outer surface thereof as a surface material, and a backing board C such as plasterboard is attached to the inner surface.

Then, an external wall is constructed by fixing such a three-layer non-load-bearing wall panel to a structural material such as a steel frame that serves as a support for a building structure with bolts or the like.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, in buildings using this non-load-bearing wall panel, the wall itself is a non-load-bearing wall, that is, it does not have sufficient strength as a building structure, such as wind pressure or earthquakes. Although it has the strength to support the load of 100%, has high insulation performance, and is lightweight, it has an extremely important drawback in terms of fire resistance because the expanded polystyrene that makes up the internal insulation core material a is flammable. It is contained within.

In particular, in Japan's Building Standards Act, its Enforcement Order No. 1
Article 07, Paragraph 1 states, ``As stipulated in the part-specific performance required for buildings with fireproof structures, ■ 1 hour for parts where there is a risk of fire spread; ■ Parts other than parts where there is a risk of fire spread. 30 minutes," and if it does not have fire resistance for one hour or more as a wall member for boat fishing, it has little utility value.

That is, if expanded polystyrene is used, it is difficult to satisfy the fire resistance performance of 1 hour as a non-load-bearing wall, and therefore it is difficult to use this non-load-bearing wall panel as a non-load-bearing wall such as a curtain wall.

In view of these conventional problems, the present invention provides panels for non-load-bearing walls that have a fire resistance of more than one hour and can be manufactured in various shapes, especially large ones, at factories or construction sites. Another object of the present invention is to provide a fire-resistant panel that has high heat insulation performance and is lightweight and suitable for constructing non-load-bearing walls.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve these objects, the present invention provides a semi-noncombustible insulation core made of a foam whose main component is a vinyl chloride resin or a chlorinated vinyl chloride resin containing an inorganic filler. A surface material mainly made of cement or mortar reinforced with an inorganic fiber reinforcing material on the outside of the semi-noncombustible insulation core, and a semi-noncombustible material or equivalent on the inside of the semi-noncombustible insulation core. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fire-resistant panel made of the above-mentioned non-combustible plate materials.

In addition, the semi-noncombustible heat insulating core material is heated to 2N so that when the flame creeps over the surface and heats up, the semi-noncombustible heat insulating core material shrinks and cracks. This is the configuration described above.

Furthermore, when the internal semi-noncombustible insulation core material is heated, the air and foaming gas in the insulation core material thermally expands, and the combustion gas of the resin constituting the insulation core material is generated, resulting in a relatively In order to prevent cracks from occurring in surface materials with low strength, gas vent grooves are provided on the side of the surface material that joins the semi-noncombustible insulation core material, or the semi-noncombustible insulation core material is divided into two or more layers. In addition, gas vent grooves are provided on the joint surface side of the heat insulating core material.

In addition, in order to improve impact resistance, a reinforcing material such as metal cloth or glass cloth is placed on the inner surface of the plate material, between the joint surfaces between the surface material and the semi-non-combustible heat-insulating core material, or within the semi-non-combustible heat-insulating core material. It is something.

Further, the plate is characterized in that a steel material such as a C-shaped steel is attached to the inner surface of the plate material, which serves both as reinforcement and as a means for attaching to a building structure.

[For production]

Therefore, such fire-resistant panels are factory-produced standard products that are fixed by attaching the inner plate material to a structural material such as a steel frame that serves as a support for a built structure with screws, or Alternatively, a fire-resistant non-load-bearing wall is constructed on the outer surface of a building by attaching and fixing reinforcing materials made of steel such as C-shaped steel to the inner surface using bolts or the like.

Alternatively, after fixing the plate material to a structural material such as a steel frame through a reinforcing material or directly fixing the plate material, a plate-shaped semi-noncombustible insulation core material is placed on the surface of the plate material, and then the surface material is It is also possible to set up and carry out construction at the construction site.

〔Example〕

The details of the fire-resistant panel of the present invention will be explained based on further illustrated embodiments.

The fire-resistant panel according to the present invention is used to construct a fire-resistant non-load-bearing wall on the outer surface of a building by fixing it with bolts or the like to a structural member such as a steel frame that serves as a support for a building structure.

The aim is to provide the building with an external wall insulation structure using this fire-resistant panel.

Figure 1 shows an outline of such a fire-resistant panel, and the fire-resistant panel shown as 1 in the figure is made of vinyl chloride resin or chlorinated vinyl chloride resin containing an inorganic filler located inside. It consists of a plate-shaped semi-noncombustible heat insulating core material 2 made of a foam whose main component is a surface material 3 located on the outer surface side including the side edges of this heat insulating core material 2, and a plate material 4 located on the inner surface side. By combining the performance of each component,
This panel is suitable for constructing fire-resistant non-load-bearing walls.

Here, it is conceivable to use a wood wool cement board, a phenol foam board, etc., which is less combustible than a foamed polystyrene board, as the semi-noncombustible insulation core material 2. Boards are not preferred from the viewpoint of strength and corrosion of iron etc. due to acidity.

In addition, conventionally known fibrous nonflammable insulation core materials such as glass wool and rock wool have strength, water absorption,
Unfavorable in terms of moisture absorption.

For this reason, in the present invention, a foam whose main component is a vinyl chloride resin or a chlorinated vinyl chloride resin containing an inorganic filler is used as the semi-noncombustible heat insulating core material 2.

The vinyl chloride resin (hereinafter referred to as PvC) used for this semi-noncombustible material is polyvinyl chloride alone, a vinyl chloride copolymer containing 50% by weight or more of vinyl chloride, or a combination of these and vinyl chloride-acetic acid. Vinyl copolymer, thermoplastic polyurethane, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer, chlorinated polyethylene, methacrylate-acrylate copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride copolymer, etc. polychlorinated Examples include a mixture of vinyl and at least one type of resin that is compatible with vinyl, and the mixture contains polyvinyl chloride in an amount of 50% by weight or more.

On the other hand, chlorinated vinyl chloride resin (hereinafter referred to as CPVC) is not only a resin obtained by chlorinating the PVC, but also a blending resin that is compatible with this PVC, such as vinyl chloride resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate. Copolymer, thermoplastic polyurethane, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer, chlorinated polyethylene, methacrylate-acrylate copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride copolymer, etc. The concept also includes a mixture with one type of blending resin in which the amount of blending resin in the mixture is 50% by weight or less.

As the vinyl chloride resin to be chlorinated, in addition to PVC as described above, a copolymer containing 50% by weight or more of a vinyl chloride resin can also be used.

The chlorination method may be any conventionally known method, and for example, a photochlorination method under ultraviolet irradiation is suitably used.

Further, examples of the inorganic filler include inorganic fibrous materials and inorganic granular materials.

Among these, inorganic fibrous materials have a good volume retention effect when exposed to high temperatures.

This is because the inorganic fibrous materials are entangled with each other in the foam to form a network, which is presumed to have excellent shape stability.

The average fiber length of the inorganic fibrous material is 10μIl.
Suitable are asbestos, glass fiber, rock wool, glass fiber, etc., with an average particle size of about 0.01 to 0.03 μm, such as talc, calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide, and hydroxide. magnesium,
Zinc oxide, mica, bentonite, clay, silica, etc. are suitable.

Furthermore, hollow bodies such as Shirasu balloons can also be used as the inorganic particles.

These inorganic fillers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The content of such inorganic filler is determined by considering the amount to be included in the foam, expansion ratio, cost, etc., but it is usually 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of chlorinated vinyl chloride resin.
~1000 parts by weight.

The PVC foam or CPVC foam used for the quasi-noncombustible heat insulating core material 2 of the present invention can be produced using the press foaming method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 184685/1985 and Japanese Patent Application No. 289586/1983. The extrusion foaming method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 165430/1983, the bead foaming method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 62-28676 in which a solvent is present in the beads to significantly improve the properties of the beads, etc. Manufactured.

Next, the expansion ratio of these foams containing an inorganic filler is preferably 10 to 100 times, preferably 30 to 90 times, and more preferably 30 to 50 times.
It is selected appropriately depending on the thickness of the plate material 4 on the inner side, the shape of the plate material 4 on the inner side, etc.
Moreover, its thickness is also appropriately selected according to these conditions.

The foam as the quasi-noncombustible insulation core material 2 manufactured in this way has better thermal conductivity, compressive strength, water absorption, and workability than the wood wool cement board, glass wool, etc. mentioned above when constructing an external wall. It has excellent performance in terms of ensuring the necessary performance as an exterior wall, and when combined with the surface material 3 and plate material 4, it has excellent fire resistance as a core material for the purpose of insulating non-load-bearing walls. It also exhibits excellent functionality.

Next, when a non-load-bearing wall is constructed using this fire-resistant panel 1, the surface material 3 is located on the outer surface side of the semi-noncombustible insulation core material 2 even if flames creep over the surface. There is a need to have performance that prevents changes such as harmful deformation, breakage, and falling off, and the present invention uses cement or mortar as the main material reinforced with inorganic fiber reinforcement. There is.

That is, inorganic fiber reinforcing materials such as glass fiber, steel fiber, and carbon fiber are mixed into cement or mortar.

These manufacturing methods are applied to the surface of the semi-noncombustible insulation core material 2 using a wet method, that is, by mixing and layering these materials at a factory or construction site, regardless of the size or shape of the insulation core material 2. A type of material that can be formed without forming a mold, such as a glass fiber reinforced cement mortar (hereinafter referred to as GRC) mixed with glass cloth, or a material with steel fiber or carbon fiber mixed in instead of the glass cloth. 61 or more, more preferably 8m
It is desirable to adopt something with a rating of a+ or higher.

Further, as the surface material 3, it is also possible to use a resin mortar containing vinyl acetate as a synthetic resin with glass cloth embedded in it to a thickness of 61 mm or more, more preferably 8 mm or more.

Furthermore, it is also possible to use a layered material of two different materials as the surface material 3. In this case, for example, resin mortar is applied as a first layer on the surface of the semi-noncombustible heat insulating core material 2 to a thickness of about 1 to 2 mm. The surface is coated with GIIC mixed with glass cloth to a thickness of about 5 to 8 mm.

On the inner side of the laminate composed of the semi-noncombustible heat insulating core material 2 and the surface material 3, a semi-noncombustible material or a material having an equivalent or higher noncombustibility, such as an asbestos slate board or an asbestos perlite board, is used as a board material 4. It is established as

Similar to the surface material 3, this plate material 4 needs to have the performance to prevent harmful deformation, damage, falling off, or other changes even when the plate material 4 side comes into contact with flame. In order to ensure the necessary bending strength of the panel against the wind pressure that must be borne by the surface material 3 and the plate material 4, it is preferable that the plate material 4 itself has sufficient bending strength. Furthermore, it can be said that it is preferable that the material also has water resistance and performance as a construction base for the semi-noncombustible heat-insulating core material 2.

From these viewpoints, for example, asbestos slate boards, asbestos perlite boards, etc. are preferable to conventional plasterboards, and among these, asbestos slate boards with a thickness of 10 mm or more are preferable.

The term "semi-noncombustible material" here refers to the material defined in Article 1, Paragraph 5 of the Enforcement Order of the Building Standards Act, and the term "fire resistance" refers to the performance of fire-resistant structures described in Article 2, Paragraph 7 of the Building Standards Act. Furthermore, fire-resistant non-load-bearing wall means the terms shown in the table of Article 107 of the Enforcement Order of the Building Standards Act, respectively.

Next, a specific structural example of a fire-resistant non-load-bearing wall W of a building using the fire-resistant panel 1 according to the present invention will be further explained with reference to FIG. 2(A).

This fire-resistant panel 1 has a semi-non-combustible heat insulating core material 2 made of vinyl chloride resin foam mixed with calcium carbonate as an inorganic filler, and has a thickness of 2 mm 1 degree on the outer surface side including the side edges of this heat insulating core material 2. The above GRC 3b is made by laminating a layer of resin mortar 3a mixed with vinyl acetate resin, and mixing alkali-resistant glass fiber as an inorganic fiber reinforcing material on the surface of the resin mortar 3a layer.
61I while burying glass cloth 5 of about 51 squares.
The surface material 3 is formed by coating it to a thickness of approximately II11.

Furthermore, the inner surface of the semi-noncombustible insulation core material 2 has a thickness of 10 to 3 mm.
A board material 4 made of a fiber-mixed cement board of about
A non-load-bearing wall W is constructed from the fireproof panel 1 composed of the quasi-noncombustible heat insulating core material 2, the surface material 3, and the plate material 4.

In addition, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2(a), a steel material such as a C-shaped steel is attached to the inner surface of the plate 4 as a reinforcing material 6, but this reinforcing material 6 is not suitable for the size of the panel 1 or the large strength plate material. Although it is not necessarily necessary depending on the bending strength of the plate material 4 depending on the thickness of the panel 4 or the physical properties of the material, the height of the building to which the panel 1 is installed, the magnitude of the wind pressure, etc., it is generally installed in many cases. It is something.

In the figure, A indicates the inner surface of the building, B indicates the outer surface, and C indicates the structural material of the building structure, such as a steel frame, to which the fireproof panel 1 is attached.

When constructing the fire-resistant panel 1 of the present invention at a construction site, as shown in FIG. The semi-noncombustible insulation core material 2 is stretched with an adhesive 8 mainly composed of inorganic materials. Careful construction such as closing the eyes is preferable, and it is more preferable to perform the closing with a putty material 10 or the like whose main component is an inorganic material from the inner side shown as A in the figure.

Further, it is preferable that the quasi-noncombustible heat insulating core material 2 is constructed by being divided into two or more layers as shown in FIG. 2(B) rather than the one shown in FIG. 2(A) in which it is comprised of only one layer.

In general, vinyl chloride resin or chlorinated vinyl chloride resin foam containing inorganic fillers shrinks when heated, and this shrinkage process occurs when the plate-like material is, for example, 2 m
Rather than shrinking uniformly as a whole, as when This is because as it contracts, it becomes easier for heat to pass through the cracked portion.

Therefore, if the quasi-noncombustible heat insulating core material 2 is composed of two or more layers, there is less possibility that cracks will penetrate from the surface material 3 to the plate material 4, and this is preferable in terms of dog resistance.

Furthermore, since heat insulating materials are generally bonded to each other with an adhesive whose main component is an inorganic material, the interposition of this adhesive layer is also advantageous in terms of fire resistance.

Furthermore, for this reason, when the semi-noncombustible heat insulating core material 2 is divided into two or more layers, it is preferable to arrange the heat insulating core material 2 in each layer so that the joints do not coincide.

After the installation of the heat insulating core material 2 is completed, resin mortar 3a and GRC 3b are applied using a trowel or the like.

At this time, the resin mortar 3a functions as an adhesive to firmly integrate the GRC 3b and the semi-noncombustible heat insulating core material 2.

These materials are not limited to these, and may be the same as the adhesive 8, for example.

The glass cloth 5 is buried by rubbing it into the GRCab, and its ends, for example the upper end, are as shown in
As shown in c), it is inserted into the stepped part formed on the inner surface of the heat insulating core material 2, and it is attached to the plate material 4 using an adhesive mainly composed of inorganic material, or a reinforcing material (not shown) is used. 6
It is fixed using screws etc.

By doing so, it is possible to prevent the entire surface material 3 from falling off even if heat shrinkage occurs in the semi-noncombustible heat insulating core material 2 and a gap is created between the joint surfaces with the surface material 3.

This is an example of a case where a non-load-bearing wall W is constructed using this fire-resistant panel 1 at a construction site, but if a similar panel 1 is manufactured in advance at a factory, the same material including the reinforcing material 6 is used. It may be manufactured by a process, and in this case, the wall is constructed by joining the reinforcing material 6 to the structural material C of the building structure, such as a steel frame, at the construction site.

Next, although another embodiment is shown in FIG. 3, the specific structural example is basically the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. A gas venting groove 11 is provided on the side of the joint with 2.

This is because: - When the insulation material is heated during boat fishing, the air and foaming gas in the insulation material expands thermally, and the combustion gas of the resin is generated. and board material 4. Since the structure is such that the surface material 3 has a relatively low strength, there is a risk that cracks may occur in the surface material 3. In order to prevent cracks from occurring, the gas vent grooves 11 are formed, for example, in the surface material 3. The gas venting groove 11 is connected to an opening provided at the lower end so that gas can be released to the outside, and this gas vent groove 11 is connected to the semi-noncombustible insulation core material 2 of the surface material 3, as shown in FIG. 3(A). It is installed at an appropriate location on the joint surface side.

In addition, in FIG. 3(b), a gas vent groove 12 is provided on the joint surface side of the heat insulating core material 2, which is divided into two or more layers, in order to release the gas generated in this way to the outside. This gas vent groove 12 is shown communicating with an opening provided at the lower end of the material 3.

Furthermore, in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, a reinforcing material 13 such as metal cloth or glass cloth is provided on the inner surface of the plate material 4 in order to improve impact resistance.

This is provided for reinforcement when the impact resistance of the surface material 3 or plate material 4 is not necessarily sufficient, and even if a 5 kg oval weight is dropped from a height of 100 m, the weight will not damage the panel. It can be said that reinforcement that increases the impact resistance to the extent that it does not penetrate through 1 is desirable.

Although not shown, the reinforcing material 13 may be provided between the joint surfaces of the surface material 3 and the heat insulating core material 2 or in the semi-noncombustible heat insulating core material 2.

Next, FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the method for attaching the reinforcing material 6 according to the present invention.
01. A semi-non-combustible insulation core material 2 having a recess 2a with a depth of about 20 mm or a groove with a width of 501 and a depth of about 20 nm is formed, and on the surface of the plate material 4 on the inner surface of this semi-non-combustible insulation core material 2. A C-shaped steel is placed vertically so that its opening is parallel to the surface of the plate material 4, and bolts 14 and nuts 15 are inserted as shown in the figure.
Each component is fastened and fixed.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 5, apart from the glass cloth 5 located in the GRC 3b of the surface material 3, a glass cloth 5a of about 100 mm square is attached so as to be locked in the center with a nut 15, and the insulation core material The surface material 3 is formed by applying a resin mortar 3a to the surface of the surface material 2, and partially filling the recesses 2a or grooves.

Resin mortar 3a and surface material 3 in this recess 2a or groove
are in an integrated state, and even if the heat insulating core material 2 contracts due to flame etc., the surface material 2 will be held by the bolts 14.

〔Effect of the invention〕

If a fire-resistant non-load-bearing wall is constructed in a building using the fire-resistant panel of the present invention as described above, a fire may occur on the outside or inside of the wall, and flames may creep along the surface or come into direct contact with the wall. Even if it is heated for a long time, it will not carbonize because the semi-incombustible insulation core material made of a foam whose main component is vinyl chloride resin or chlorinated vinyl chloride resin containing an inorganic filler is placed inside. Otherwise, the core material used in building structures is not flammable as in the case of conventional foamed polystyrene, and exhibits good fire resistance.

In addition to high thermal insulation performance, this fire-resistant panel has fire resistance and light weight as a panel by combining surface material and plate material, and can be mass-produced at a factory or construction site, improving the fire resistance of buildings. It can be said that it is suitable for constructing non-load-bearing walls.

Furthermore, the surface material located on the outside of such a quasi-noncombustible insulation core material is coated with a raw material for surface formation on the surface of the insulation core material using a trowel or spray at a factory or construction site, so that its thickness and thickness can be changed. Not only can it be formed without considering the area, but it can also be formed freely even when the surface shape of the heat insulating core material is not flat but curved.

In addition, by using plate materials in combination with heat and shock to the inner side, the entire structure has a fireproofing effect and a buffering effect against shock from the inner side, and prevents internal condensation and rainwater from entering from the outside. Non-load-bearing walls can be replaced with fire-resistant walls in buildings that also have sound insulation effects.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the fire-resistant panel of the present invention, Fig. 2 (a) is a cross-sectional view showing a non-load-bearing wall installed in a building structure using the fire-resistant panel, and (b) 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment, (c) is a vertical sectional view of (a), FIGS. Cross-sectional view showing an example of fastening and fixing of constituent members, No. 5
The figure is an enlarged sectional view showing the main part of FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a panel used to construct a conventional non-load-bearing wall. A: Inner side, B: External side, C: Structural material, W: Non-load-bearing wall, 1: Fireproof panel, 2: Semi-noncombustible insulation core material, 3: Surface material,
4: Plate material, 5 Nigarasu cloth, 6: Reinforcement material, 7: Screws,
8: Adhesive, 9: Joint area, 10: Putty material, 11: Gas venting groove, 12: Gas venting groove, 13: Reinforcing material, 14:
Boruto, 15: Natsuto. Patent applicant Kanebuchi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Figure 1 Figure 5 Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) A semi-noncombustible insulation core material made of a foam whose main component is a vinyl chloride resin containing an inorganic filler or a chlorinated vinyl chloride resin, and a semi-noncombustible insulation core material on the outer surface side of the semi-noncombustible insulation core material. A fire-resistant material consisting of a surface material mainly made of cement or mortar reinforced with an inorganic fiber reinforcing material, and a plate material on the inner side of the semi-noncombustible insulation core material and having a semi-noncombustible material or a noncombustibility equivalent to or higher than that of the semi-noncombustible insulation core material. sex panel. 2) The fire-resistant panel according to claim 1, which is constructed by dividing a quasi-noncombustible heat-insulating core material into two or more layers. 3) The fire-resistant panel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a gas venting groove is provided on the side of the surface material that is joined to the semi-noncombustible heat-insulating core material. 4) The fire-resistant panel according to claims 1 to 3, wherein the semi-noncombustible heat-insulating core material is divided into two or more layers, and gas vent grooves are provided on the joint surface side of the heat-insulating core material. 5) Drop a 5 kg shaped weight made of reinforcing material such as metal cloth or glass cloth on the inner surface of the board, between the joint surface between the surface material and the semi-non-combustible insulation core material, or inside the semi-non-combustible insulation core material from a height of 100 m. 5. A fire-resistant panel according to claims 1 to 4, which is reinforced by being arranged to such an extent that it does not penetrate even if the panel is bent. 6) The fire-resistant panel according to claims 1 to 5, wherein a steel material such as C-shaped steel is attached to the inner surface of the plate material as a reinforcing material.