JPH01265832A - Water culture device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To change feed method of a nutrition solution corresponding to growth of root and to improve replacement efficiency of the nutrition solution around roots, by equipping a nutrition solution discharging means capable of freely changing water level of the nutrition solution at the end opposite to an end to which the nutrition solution of a culture tank is fed. CONSTITUTION:A water floating culture board which has plural through holes and a water retaining member for holding a plant, supported by the through holes is vertically movably stored in a culture tank 1 having an open top. A horizontal trough-shaped member 2 equipped with plural linear channels extending from one end to the other is made on the inner bottom surface of the culture tank 1 and at the one end, a solution discharging hole 5c and a water stopping board 5 capable of freely controlling water level of a nutrition solution are set. A plant is held by the water retaining member and the plant is cultivated while the nutrition solution is being fed from a nutrition solution feeding means 7 set one end of the culture tank 1 and discharged through a horizontal trough-shaped member 2 and the solution discharging hole 5c of the water stopping board 5.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Technical field The present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation apparatus.

Background Art In hydroponic cultivation, the harvest efficiency depends on how efficiently the cultivated plants absorb nutrients from their roots.

In order for plants to efficiently absorb nutrients from their roots, it is desirable to efficiently replace the nutrient solution around the roots.

Furthermore, since roots grow, there must be a way to supply nutrient solution around the roots that is appropriate for each growth process.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention makes it possible to change the method of supplying a nutrient solution around the roots according to the growth of the roots of a cultivated plant, and to efficiently replace the nutrient solution around the roots. The purpose is to provide hydroponic cultivation equipment.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the present invention, the nutrient solution is supplied from one end to the other end of the cultivation tank by the nutrient solution supply means, and the nutrient solution is discharged so that the water level of the nutrient solution can be freely adjusted. A floating cultivation board carrying a water retaining member for holding plants through a plurality of through holes is housed in the cultivation tank so as to be movable up and down, and a floating cultivation board is installed on the inner bottom of the cultivation tank from one end of the cultivation tank to the other end. It is characterized by the formation of multiple extending grooves.

Further, the cultivation tank may be inclined from one end to the other end.

Moreover, it is preferable that the nutrient solution supply means for supplying the nutrient solution to the cultivation tank has a temperature control means for controlling the temperature of the nutrient solution, and it is preferable that the cultivation tank and the cultivation board are formed of a heat insulating material.

Moreover, it is preferable that the cross-sectional shape of the internal bottom surface of the cultivation tank is a triangular wave shape.

Moreover, it is preferable that a protrusion is formed on the bottom surface of the cultivation board in a direction that intersects with the groove on the internal bottom surface of the cultivation tank.

Moreover, it is preferable that grooves or protrusions intersecting with a plurality of grooves extending from one end of the cultivation tank to the other end are formed on the inner bottom surface of the cultivation tank.

Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the present invention, the cultivation tank 1 includes a horizontal gutter-like member 2 having a cross-sectional path 3 shape as shown in FIG. The water stop board 3 (shown in the third figure) and the second water stop board 5 (shown in the fourth figure) are fixed to both ends of the water stop board 3 (shown in the third figure).

At both ends of the horizontal gutter-like member 2, metal notches 2c and 2d are formed which have protrusions 2a or grooves 2b that fit into each other.
By fitting these holes together, a plurality of gutter-like members 2 can be connected as shown in FIG. Shortage of money 2
When fitting parts c and 2d together, it is desirable to apply an adhesive there to prevent the nutrient solution from leaking from the joint. The gutter-like member 2 is made of a heat insulating material such as styrene foam, and its internal bottom surface has a triangular wave shape in cross section as shown. By forming the cross-section of the internal bottom surface into a triangular wave shape in this manner, the four portions form the groove 2e extending from one end of the horizontal gutter-like member 2 to the other end. In addition, in addition to a groove 2e extending from one end to the other end of the inner bottom surface of the horizontal gutter-like member 2, a weir 2f extending across the groove 2e is formed near the notch 2c. The upper end surface of the metal notch 2c is formed lower than the groove 2e. Therefore, when the horizontal gutter-like member 2 is connected, the upper end surface of the metal notch 2C becomes the groove 2.
Form a groove that intersects e.

The horizontal gutter-like members 2 formed as described above are arranged in series as shown in FIG. 1, and the first water stop board 3 is connected to one end thereof, and the second water stop board 5 is connected to the other end. . As shown in FIG. 3, the first water stop board 3 is formed with a metal notch 3a that complementarily fits with the metal hole 2C of the horizontal gutter-like member 2, and the side surface other than the side surface where the metal hole 3a is formed has a horizontal gutter shape. A side wall 3b constituting the side wall of the cultivation tank 1 is erected continuously from the side wall of the member 2. A groove 3c extending in a direction orthogonal to the groove 2e formed in the inner bottom surface of the horizontal gutter-like member 2 is formed in the inner bottom surface of the first water stop board 3.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, the second water stop board 5 provided on the opposite side of the first water stop board 3 with the gutter-like member 2 in between is
It has a metal notch 5a that fits into the metal notch 2d of the horizontal gutter-like member 2. Further, a groove 5b is formed on the inner bottom surface of the second water stop board 5, similar to the groove 3C of the first water stop board 3.
A drain hole 5c is opened in b. Other configurations are first
This is the same as the water stop board 3.

A nutrient solution is supplied to the cultivation tank 1 configured as described above through a supply pipe 7 from a nutrient solution supply means (not shown). The nutrient solution is supplied to the cultivation tank 1 from one end of the cultivation tank 1 to which the first water stop board 3 is attached, and flows through the cultivation tank 1 to the second water stop board 3.
The liquid is discharged from the other end of the cultivation tank 1 to which the water stop board 5 is attached through a drainage hole 5C provided in the second water stop board 5.

As shown in FIG. 5, a drain pipe 8 is fitted into the drain hole 5c of the second water stop board 5, and a water level adjustment pipe 10 is slidably fitted into the drain pipe 8. I'm being forced to do it.

Therefore, by adjusting the amount of protrusion of the water level adjustment pipe 10, the water level of the nutrient solution 11 in the cultivation tank 1 can be adjusted.

As shown in FIG. 6, a floating cultivation board 12 that floats on water is accommodated in the cultivation tank 1 so as to be vertically movable. The cultivation board 12 is made of, for example, a heat insulating material such as styrene foam, and is provided with a plurality of through holes 12a, as shown in FIG. A water retaining member (not shown) made of urethane foam or the like, which retains plants and has water absorbing and retaining properties, is fitted into the through hole 12a. The lower surface of the cultivation board 12, that is, the surface facing the internal bottom surface of the cultivation tank 1, has grooves 2 formed in the internal bottom surface.
A protrusion 12b is formed extending in a direction intersecting e. Moreover, the cultivation board] 2 has metal holes 12c and 12d formed at both ends to be engaged with each other in a complementary manner, so that the cultivation board can be connected.

In the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the present invention configured as described above, seeds of plants to be cultivated are sown in water-retaining urethane, the germinated seeds are carried in the through holes of the cultivation boat 2, and the roots of the plants are Until it grows to a certain extent, the water level of the nutrient solution 11 in the cultivation tank 1 is adjusted to a higher level using the water level adjustment pipe 10, and the cultivation board is placed on the water surface as shown in FIG. 6(B)]
Make sure to support 2. In this way, by placing the cultivation board 12 on the nutrient solution 11, it is possible to prevent the roots of the plants from being damaged by contact with other objects. In this case, the cultivation tank 1 is preferably kept horizontally, and the horizontal gutter-like members 2 forming the cultivation tank 1 are preferably connected at a length of about 4 m.

This is because if more connections are made, the surface of the nutrient solution 11 will be covered by the cultivation board 12 and the contact area with the air will be small, which may result in a shortage of dissolved oxygen in the nutrient solution at the end.

Wait for the roots to grow to a certain extent as described above, lower the water level of the nutrient solution 11 in the cultivation tank 1, and place the cultivation board 12 on the inner bottom of the cultivation tank 1 as shown in FIG. 6(A). Make sure to support it. In this case, the cultivation tank 1 is constructed by a suitable means (not shown), such as changing the height of a support installed on the ground, from one end where the nutrient solution is supplied to the other end where the nutrient solution is discharged.
It is inclined at a downward slope of about 60 degrees to promote the flow of the nutrient solution 11. The nutrient solution is first evenly supplied to the grooves 3c of the first water stop board 3, and then evenly supplied from the grooves 30 to the grooves 2e of the horizontal gutter-like member 2 and distributed. The nutrient solution flowing in the groove 2e is the groove 2.
The liquid passes around the roots growing in the area e, reaches the second water stop board 5, is collected by the groove 5b, and drained through the drain hole 5C. It is preferable that the drained nutrient solution is recovered and supplied to the cultivation tank 1 again via the nutrient solution supply means.

As mentioned above, when the water level is lowered and the nutrient solution is distributed in the groove 2e, the nutrient solution is blocked by the dense roots in the groove 2e where the roots have grown and become densely packed, and the nutrient solution on the downstream side of the groove 2e is blocked. In the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the present invention, the weir 2f is formed in the groove 2e on the inner bottom surface of the horizontal gutter-like member 2, as described above, in order to avoid the possibility that the flow rate of the nutrient solution is insufficient compared to other grooves. Therefore, the nutrient solution flowing through the groove 2e is once stopped by the weir 2f, and then flows over the weir 2f into the groove formed at the top of the gold hole 2C, and is evenly distributed from this groove to the valley groove 2e. It's supposed to flow into it.

Furthermore, when the nutrient solution is distributed in the groove 2e, since an air tank is formed between the nutrient solution and the cultivation board 12, oxygen in the air can dissolve into the nutrient solution. . Therefore, even if a large number of gutter-like members 2 are installed in series, the amount of dissolved oxygen in the nutrient solution will not be insufficient at the end.

In addition, since the internal bottom of the cultivation tank has a triangular wave shape, the roots of the plants grow three-dimensionally with appropriate gaps through which the nutrient solution can flow. The raised protrusions 12b form a gap in which roots can grow between the convex part on the inner bottom of the cultivation tank 1 and the lower surface of the cultivation board 12, and the growth of roots that try to cross the convex part is not hindered. .

Furthermore, if a temperature control means for controlling the temperature of the nutrient solution is provided in the nutrient solution supply means, the temperature of the nutrient solution can be adjusted to suit the growth of the plants, together with the fact that the cultivation tank 1 and the cultivation bolt 12 are formed from a heat insulating shrine. Can maintain optimal temperature. Note that the temperature control means can be easily configured by a thermostat and a heater.

As described in detail, in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the present invention,
A nutrient solution discharge means that can freely adjust the water level of the nutrient solution is provided at the other end of the cultivation tank to which the nutrient solution is supplied from one end by the nutrient solution supply means, and a plurality of through holes support a water holding part for holding plants. A floating cultivation board is housed in the cultivation tank so that it can move up and down, and a plurality of grooves are formed on the internal bottom of the cultivation tank, extending from one end of the cultivation tank to the other. The method of supplying the nutrient solution can be changed according to the growth of the roots, making it possible to efficiently replace the nutrient solution around the roots, and the grown roots grow in a three-dimensional manner with appropriate gaps. Therefore, simply by circulating the nutrient solution around the roots, the nutrient solution around the roots can be replaced smoothly, improving harvest efficiency.

In addition, if grooves and protrusions that intersect with the multiple grooves extending from one end of the cultivation tank to the other end are formed on the internal bottom of the cultivation tank, the nutrient solution can always be uniformly distributed between the multiple grooves. It allows water to flow through the grooves, resulting in even growth of plants.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a plan view showing a cultivation tank according to the present invention, and Figs. 2 (A), (B), (C), and (D) are plane views of horizontal gutter-like members constituting the cultivation tank according to the present invention, respectively. Figure, left side view, right side view, ■-■ sectional view, Figure 3 (A),
(B), (C), and (D) are a plan view, a left side view, a right side view, a sectional view taken along ■-■, and FIG. 4 (A ), (B
), (C), and (D) are the plan view, left side view, right side view, and IV-IV sectional view of the second water stop board, respectively, and Figure 5 is the cross section near the drain hole of the second water stop board. Figure 6 is a sectional view of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the present invention, Figures 7 (A), (B), (
C) is a plan view, a side view, and a sectional view taken along ■-■ of the cultivation board according to the present invention, respectively. Explanation of symbols of main parts 1...Cultivation tank 2...Gutter-like member 2e...Groove 2f...
Weir 3...First water stop board 3C...Groove 5...Second water stop board 5b...Groove 5c...Drainage Hole 10...Water level adjustment pipe 11...Nutrient solution 12...Cultivation board 12a...Through hole 12b...
...Protrusion applicant Tohoku Pioneer Co., Ltd. Agent Patent attorney Motohiko Fujimura

Claims (7)

[Claims] (1) A cultivation tank with an open top, a nutrient solution supply means for supplying a nutrient solution to the cultivation tank from one end thereof, and a nutrient solution supply means provided at the other end of the cultivation tank and capable of freely adjusting the water level of the nutrient solution. The inside of the cultivation tank is composed of a liquid discharge means and a floating cultivation board which has a plurality of through holes and is housed in the cultivation tank so as to be vertically movable and supports a water retaining member for holding plants in the through holes. A hydroponic cultivation apparatus characterized in that a plurality of grooves extending from the one end to the other end are formed on the bottom surface. (2) The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising means for tilting the cultivation tank from the one end toward the other end. (3) The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nutrient solution supply means has a temperature control means for controlling the temperature of the nutrient solution. (4) The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the cultivation tank and the cultivation board are made of a heat insulating material. (5) The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the internal bottom surface of the cultivation tank is a triangular wave shape. (6) A protrusion according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, characterized in that a protrusion is formed on the lower surface of the cultivation board facing the inner bottom surface of the cultivation tank in a direction intersecting with the groove. hydroponic cultivation equipment. (7) Hydroponic cultivation according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, characterized in that, in addition to the groove, a groove and a weir intersecting with the groove are formed on the inner bottom surface of the cultivation tank. Device.