JPH01253173A - Sodium-sulfur battery - Google Patents
Sodium-sulfur batteryInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01253173A JPH01253173A JP63080525A JP8052588A JPH01253173A JP H01253173 A JPH01253173 A JP H01253173A JP 63080525 A JP63080525 A JP 63080525A JP 8052588 A JP8052588 A JP 8052588A JP H01253173 A JPH01253173 A JP H01253173A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- batteries
- sodium
- cathode
- battery
- insulation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- BNOODXBBXFZASF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].[S] Chemical compound [Na].[S] BNOODXBBXFZASF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 9
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OLPXIHXXKBDZES-UHFFFAOYSA-L 37488-76-9 Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-]S[S-] OLPXIHXXKBDZES-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000873 Beta-alumina solid electrolyte Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020275 Na2Sx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
- H01M10/39—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34 working at high temperature
- H01M10/3909—Sodium-sulfur cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明はナトリウム−硫黄電池に関し、さらに詳しくは
電池の使用時における短絡事故を防止して安全性を向上
することができ、収納ケースへの収納個数を多くするこ
とができるナトリウム−硫黄電池に関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a sodium-sulfur battery, and more specifically, it can prevent short-circuit accidents during use of the battery, improve safety, and protect the battery from storage cases. This invention relates to a sodium-sulfur battery that can be stored in a large number of batteries.
（従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題）最近、
電気自動車用、夜間電力貯蔵用の二次電池として性能面
及び経済面の両面において優れ、３００〜４００℃で作
動する高温型のナトリウム−硫黄電池の研究開発が進め
られている。(Problems to be solved by conventional techniques and inventions) Recently,
Research and development is progressing on high-temperature sodium-sulfur batteries that operate at 300 to 400° C. and are excellent in both performance and economy as secondary batteries for electric vehicles and nighttime power storage.
即ち、性能面では、ナトリウム−硫黄電池は鉛蓄電池に
比べて理論エネルギー密度が高く、充放電時における水
素や酸素の発生といった副反応もなく、活物質の利用率
も高く、経済面ではす） ＩＪウム及び硫黄が安価であ
るという利点を有している。In other words, in terms of performance, sodium-sulfur batteries have a higher theoretical energy density than lead-acid batteries, there are no side reactions such as the generation of hydrogen or oxygen during charging and discharging, and the utilization rate of active materials is high, which makes them economical.) IJum and sulfur have the advantage of being cheap.
従来のナトリウム−硫黄電池を第４図に基づいて説明す
ると、図中２は陽極容器、４は陽極容器２に対し絶縁リ
ング３を介して連結され、かつ溶融金属ナトリウムを貯
留する陰極容器である。又、５は前記絶縁リング３に固
定した有底筒状の固体電解質管、６は陰極容器４を貫通
して固体電解質管５内へ進入した陰極管である。A conventional sodium-sulfur battery will be explained based on FIG. 4. In the figure, 2 is an anode container, and 4 is a cathode container that is connected to the anode container 2 via an insulating ring 3 and stores molten metal sodium. . Further, 5 is a bottomed cylindrical solid electrolyte tube fixed to the insulating ring 3, and 6 is a cathode tube that penetrates the cathode container 4 and enters the solid electrolyte tube 5.
前記陽極容器２と陰極容器４のそれぞれの外周面は導電
性を有しているため、多数のナトリウム−硫黄電池を収
納ケース（図示路）に収納する場合には、収納ケースの
内側に形成した収納室内壁面に絶縁層やアルミナ粉末等
で絶縁状態になるようにナトリウム−硫黄電池を収納し
ている。この絶縁処理が確実に行われれば、各電池の間
で短絡事故は発生しないが、絶縁処理前に万一電池の陽
極容器２と陰極容器４を互いに接触させると、短絡事故
につながり、最悪時には電池初期異常の原因になるとい
う問題があった。Since the outer peripheral surfaces of each of the anode container 2 and the cathode container 4 have conductivity, when storing a large number of sodium-sulfur batteries in a storage case (the path shown in the figure), a Sodium-sulfur batteries are housed in the storage chamber so that the walls are insulated with an insulating layer, alumina powder, etc. If this insulation treatment is performed reliably, short circuit accidents will not occur between each battery, but if the anode container 2 and cathode container 4 of the batteries are brought into contact with each other before insulation treatment, it will lead to a short circuit accident, and in the worst case There was a problem in that it caused initial battery abnormalities.
本発明の目的は上記問題点を解消して、多数の電池を収
納ケース内に収納する際、個々の電池を接触させても互
いに短絡するのを防止して、電池の寿命を向上すること
ができるとともに、ケースの単位体積当たりの電池収納
個数を増大することができるナトリウム−硫黄電池を提
供することにある。An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and to improve the lifespan of the batteries by preventing short-circuiting between the individual batteries even if they come into contact when storing a large number of batteries in a storage case. It is an object of the present invention to provide a sodium-sulfur battery that can increase the number of batteries that can be stored per unit volume of a case.
（課題を解決するための手段）
本発明のナトリウム−硫黄電池は前記目的を達成するた
め、陽極用導電材を収納する筒状の陽極容器に対し、絶
縁リングを介して、溶融金属ナトリウムを貯留する筒状
の陰極容器を接合固定し、前記陽極容器及び陰極容器の
少なくとも外周面に絶′４＆層を設けるという手段をと
っている。(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the sodium-sulfur battery of the present invention stores molten metal sodium through an insulating ring in a cylindrical anode container that houses a conductive material for the anode. In this method, a cylindrical cathode container is joined and fixed, and an insulation layer is provided on at least the outer peripheral surfaces of the anode container and the cathode container.
（作用）
本発明のナトリウム−硫黄電池は、複数の電池を収納ケ
ースに収納する際、個々の電池が互いに接触しても絶縁
層があるため、電池同士の短絡が防止され、電池の寿命
が向上するとともに、各電池を接触させて収納すること
ができるため、収納ケースの単位体積当たりの電池収納
個数が多くなる。(Function) When storing multiple batteries in a storage case, the sodium-sulfur battery of the present invention has an insulating layer even if the individual batteries come into contact with each other, so short circuits between the batteries are prevented and the battery life is extended. In addition, since each battery can be stored in contact with each other, the number of batteries stored per unit volume of the storage case increases.
（実施例）
次に、本発明のナトリウム−硫黄電池をを具体化した一
実施例を第１図〜第３図に従って説明する。(Example) Next, an example embodying the sodium-sulfur battery of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.
この実施例のナトリウム−硫黄電池は、下部に陽極端子
１を備えた陽極容器２と、該陽極容器２の内部に収容さ
れ、かつカーボン繊維あるいはセラミック繊維をマント
状、かつ円筒状に形成してなり陽極活物質である溶融硫
黄を含浸した陽極用導電材Ｍと、前記陽極容器２の上端
部に対し、α−アルミナ製の絶縁リング３を介して連結
され、かつ溶融金属ナトリウムＮａを貯留する陰極容器
４と、前記絶縁リング３の内周部に固着され、かつ陰極
活物質であるナトリウムイオンを選択的に透過させる機
能を有した下方へ延びる円筒状の袋管を形成するβ−ア
ルミナ製の固体電解質管５とからなっている。又、陰極
容器４の上部蓋の中央部には、該陰極容器４を通して固
体電解質管５底部まで延びた細長い陰極管６が貫通支持
され、該陰極管６の上端部には、陰極端子７が固着され
ている。The sodium-sulfur battery of this embodiment includes an anode container 2 having an anode terminal 1 at the bottom thereof, and an anode container 2 housed inside the anode container 2, which is made of carbon fibers or ceramic fibers formed into a cloak-like and cylindrical shape. An anode conductive material M impregnated with molten sulfur, which is an anode active material, is connected to the upper end of the anode container 2 via an α-alumina insulating ring 3, and stores molten metallic sodium Na. A tube made of β-alumina is fixed to the inner periphery of the cathode container 4 and the insulating ring 3, and forms a downwardly extending cylindrical bag tube that has the function of selectively transmitting sodium ions, which are the cathode active material. It consists of a solid electrolyte tube 5. In addition, an elongated cathode tube 6 extending through the cathode container 4 to the bottom of the solid electrolyte tube 5 is supported through the center of the upper lid of the cathode container 4, and a cathode terminal 7 is provided at the upper end of the cathode tube 6. It is fixed.
そして、放電時には次のような反応によってナトリウム
イオンが固体電解質管５を透過して陽極容器２及び固体
電解質管５で区画形成された陽極用導電材Ｍの収容空間
に入り、該導電材Ｍ内の溶融硫黄と反応し、多硫化ナト
リウム、特に最終的には三硫化ナトリウムを生成する。During discharge, sodium ions pass through the solid electrolyte tube 5 through the following reaction and enter the housing space of the anode conductive material M defined by the anode container 2 and the solid electrolyte tube 5, and the inside of the conductive material M. reacts with molten sulfur to form sodium polysulfides, especially finally sodium trisulfide.
２Ｎａ ＋Ｘ５−＝Ｎａ２ Ｓｘ
又、充電時には放電時とは逆の反応が起こり、ナトリウ
ム及び硫黄が生成される。2Na +X5-=Na2Sx Also, during charging, a reaction opposite to that during discharging occurs, and sodium and sulfur are generated.
前記陰極容器４及び固体電解質管５内には、はぼ全体に
わたって該固体電解質管５が破損した場合の安全対策と
して、ステンレス製のウィフク８が充填されている。The cathode container 4 and the solid electrolyte tube 5 are filled with a stainless steel wire 8 as a safety measure in case the solid electrolyte tube 5 is damaged.
次に、本発明のナトリウム−硫黄電池の特徴的構成を説
明する。Next, the characteristic structure of the sodium-sulfur battery of the present invention will be explained.
前記陽極容器２と陰極容器４の外周面にはガラスあるい
はセラミック等の絶縁材よりなる粉末が塗布され、絶縁
層１０．１１が形成されている。Powder made of an insulating material such as glass or ceramic is applied to the outer peripheral surfaces of the anode container 2 and the cathode container 4 to form insulating layers 10 and 11.
この絶縁層１０．１１はガラステープを巻装することに
より形成してもよい。This insulating layer 10.11 may be formed by wrapping a glass tape.
さて、この実施例では、陽極容器２と陰極容器４の外周
面に絶縁層１０．１１を形成したので、多数のナトリウ
ム−硫黄電池を第３図に示すように収納ケース１２内に
収納してもそれぞれの電池の絶縁を確実に確保すること
ができるとともに、絶縁処理を忘れることもなく、又、
この電池を互いに接触させて配置しても絶縁上問題はな
いので、収納ケース１２内に多数の電池を収納すること
ができる。Now, in this embodiment, since the insulating layers 10.11 are formed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the anode container 2 and the cathode container 4, a large number of sodium-sulfur batteries can be stored in the storage case 12 as shown in FIG. It is possible to ensure the insulation of each battery, and there is no need to forget insulation treatment.
Since there is no problem with insulation even if the batteries are placed in contact with each other, a large number of batteries can be stored in the storage case 12.
なお、本発明は次のように具体化することも可能である
。Note that the present invention can also be embodied as follows.
１１１ｊ記実施例では陽極容器２及び陰極容器４の外周
面に絶縁＋！１０．１１を形成したが、陽極容器２の底
面及び陰極容器４の上面に絶縁層ｌ０１１１を形成して
もよい。In the embodiment described in 111j, the outer peripheral surfaces of the anode container 2 and the cathode container 4 are insulated +! 10.11 is formed, however, an insulating layer 10111 may be formed on the bottom surface of the anode container 2 and the top surface of the cathode container 4.
（発明の効果）
以上詳述したように、本発明のナトリウム−硫黄電池は
、各電池間の絶縁を確保して電池相互の短絡事故を未然
に防止して電池寿命を向上することができるとともに、
収納ゲース内に多数の電池を効率よく収納することがで
きる効果がある。(Effects of the Invention) As detailed above, the sodium-sulfur battery of the present invention can ensure insulation between each battery, prevent short-circuit accidents between batteries, and improve battery life. ,
This has the effect of efficiently storing a large number of batteries in the storage game.
第１図は本発明のナトリウム−硫黄電池の一実施例を示
す中央部縦断面図、第２図は第１図のＡ−Ａ線拡大断面
図、第３図はナトリウム−硫黄電池の収納状態を示す斜
視図、第４図は従来のナトリウム−硫黄電池の中央部縦
断面図である。
２・・・陽極容器、３・・・絶縁リング、４・・・陰極
容器５・・・固体電解質管、６・・・陰極管、１０．１
１・・・絶縁層、１２・・・収納ケース、Ｍ・・・陽極
用導電材。Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the central part showing an embodiment of the sodium-sulfur battery of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a stored state of the sodium-sulfur battery. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the center of a conventional sodium-sulfur battery. 2... Anode container, 3... Insulating ring, 4... Cathode container 5... Solid electrolyte tube, 6... Cathode tube, 10.1
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Insulating layer, 12... Storage case, M... Conductive material for anode.
Claims (1)
）に対し、絶縁リング（３）を介して、溶融金属ナトリ
ウム（Ｎａ）を貯留する筒状の陰極容器（４）を接合固
定し、前記陽極容器（２）及び陰極容器（４）の少なく
とも外周面に絶縁層（１０、１１）を設けたことを特徴
とするナトリウム−硫黄電池。1. A cylindrical anode container (2) containing the conductive material (M) for the anode.
), a cylindrical cathode container (4) for storing molten metal sodium (Na) is joined and fixed via an insulating ring (3), and at least the outer periphery of the anode container (2) and the cathode container (4) is fixed. A sodium-sulfur battery characterized in that an insulating layer (10, 11) is provided on the surface.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63080525A JP2614262B2 (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1988-03-31 | Sodium-sulfur battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63080525A JP2614262B2 (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1988-03-31 | Sodium-sulfur battery |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01253173A true JPH01253173A (en) | 1989-10-09 |
| JP2614262B2 JP2614262B2 (en) | 1997-05-28 |
Family
ID=13720738
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63080525A Expired - Lifetime JP2614262B2 (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1988-03-31 | Sodium-sulfur battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2614262B2 (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61110973A (en) * | 1984-11-06 | 1986-05-29 | Yuasa Battery Co Ltd | High temperature cell device |
-
1988
- 1988-03-31 JP JP63080525A patent/JP2614262B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61110973A (en) * | 1984-11-06 | 1986-05-29 | Yuasa Battery Co Ltd | High temperature cell device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2614262B2 (en) | 1997-05-28 |
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