JPH01250719A - Apparatus for measuring shape of hollow space in tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To shorten a measuring time, by mounting the distance/angle measuring device mounted on an automatic collimator on a vehicle apparatus to move the same and measuring the hollow space in the tunnel by said device and the reflecting mirrors fixed at a plurality of measuring points. CONSTITUTION:Poles 2b having spherical pedestals 2a each having a reflecting mirror fixed thereto are embedded in the cross-sections I-IV of a tunnel 1 and a vehicle 5 wherein a distance/angle measuring device 3 is mounted on an automatic leveling arrangement 4 is introduced into the tunnel to be moved to a measuring position to measure the shape of the hollow space in the tunnel. As a result, the device 3 can be rapidly moved to each of measuring points and a measuring time can be shortened.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a device for measuring the inner shape of a tunnel.

(Prior Art) In this type of conventional measurement, a tape measure was used to measure between measurement pins installed at a plurality of positions on the same cross section of a tunnel wall surface.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, although conventional measurements are effective when the tunnel cross section has a small diameter, when the cross section becomes large, the tape measure becomes slack and accurate measurements cannot be made. There was a point.

In addition, in this type of measurement method, a worker must go to the measurement pin every time a measurement is made, and when there are many measurement points, the work requires a lot of time and also increases the danger.

The present invention has been made in view of these conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel internal shape measuring device that can ensure measurement accuracy independent of the cross-sectional shape and shorten the measurement time.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a system that can be fixed at measurement points designed on the same cross section of the tunnel, can be rotated in any direction, and can be used for distance measurement and angle measurement. In the inner space shape measuring device for measuring the inner space shape of a tunnel using a reflector device having a temporary target that can be collimated by a mirror device, the reflector device (7,
11, etc.) to measure the distance and angle of the measurement point, and calculate data related to the inner sky of the tunnel from the coordinates of the measurement point based on the distance measurement and angle measurement values obtained by the distance measurement and angle measurement. ,Memory,
A distance measuring goniometer 3 for displaying, an automatic leveling device 4 having a mounting table on which the distance measuring angle measuring device is placed and always keeping the mounting table horizontal, and an automatic leveling device 4 on which the automatic leveling device is mounted. The present invention is characterized in that it has a vehicle device 5 that moves in a tunnel.

(Function) According to the present invention, an automatic leveling device! ! Since the distance and goniometer is placed on the vehicle and moved, it is possible to move quickly, even if the ground in the tunnel is poor and the vehicle is tilted.
Since the range finder and goniometer is mounted on an automatic leveling device, there is no need for leveling work and there is no problem with measurements.

Furthermore, since the measurement point can be remotely measured using a rangefinder, there is no danger and measurement accuracy can be ensured regardless of the cross-sectional shape (accurate measurement can be made even if there is an obstacle between two points). , and measurement time can be shortened.

The distance between the measurement points stored in the processing device corresponds to the shape of the cross section of the tunnel, so by measuring the change over time in the distance between the same measurement points, it is also possible to know the internal displacement of the tunnel. can.

(Example) Fig. 1 is a side view of measuring the inner shape of a tunnel using a device according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the tunnel, and Fig. 3 is a measurement Figure 4 is a sectional view showing the fixing device for the reflecting mirror, Figure 5 is a partial sectional view taken in the direction of arrow A in Figure 4, and Figure 6 is a sectional view of the reflecting mirror fixed on the pedestal in the tunnel. 7 is a front view of the fixing device for the reflecting mirror, FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the leveling device, and FIG. 9 is A of FIG. 8. Arrow view, °°
FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along the line B--B in FIG. 9.

Now, in Fig. 1, cross sections I, ■, ■ in tunnel 1
As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of balls 2b each having a spherical pedestal 2a at its tip are embedded in , ■, and ■.

A vehicle 5 carrying an automatic leveling device 4 that always maintains a mounting base on which a range finder 3 is placed horizontally is introduced into the tunnel 1. After the vehicle 5 moves to the measurement position and stops, it is fixed with jacks 6 to eliminate vibrations during measurement.

Each cross section 1. The reflecting mirror mounting device shown in FIGS. 4 to 7 is fixed to the spherical pedestal 2a fixed at the measurement points on points n, ■, ■, and ■.

That is, the reflecting mirror 7 is fixed by being screwed into a mounting screw 9a of a reflecting mirror holding member 9 provided as a fixing portion of the reflecting mirror. A hood 8 is provided from the reflector holding member 9 so as to surround the side surface of the reflector 7 in order to protect the reflector 7.

An opening 9d for inserting the spherical pedestal 2a at the tip of the ball 2b is formed on the opposite end of the reflector holding member 9 from the end where the mounting screw 9a is formed. A guide groove 9C is formed for introducing the pedestal 2a to the conical contact surface 9b.

A presser member 13 is coupled to the first rotating shaft 14 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 so as to rotate in the direction of opening and closing the insertion opening 9d of the base 2a. The holding member 13 is formed with a convex portion 13a that comes into contact with the pedestal 2a that is in contact with the conical contact surface 9b when the holding member 13 closes the insertion opening 9d of the pedestal 2a. A fitting groove 13b is formed from the end portion opposite to the portion connected to 14.

Further, a knob 1 is attached to the second rotating shaft 17 of the reflecting mirror holding member 3.
The threaded screw member 15 of No. 6 is rotatably attached, and when the convex portion 13a of the presser member 13 enters the insertion opening 9d of the base 2a, the second rotating shaft 17 of the screw member 15 and the knob 16 is adapted to fit into the fitting groove 13b. After this fitting, the knob 16 is rotated to advance (tighten) the screw member 15 in the axial direction, and the base 2a is firmly held between the convex portion 13a of the presser member 13 and the conical contact surface 9b. can.

The holding member IO of the target plate 11 is rotatably fitted into the annular groove formed by the hood 8 and the reflector holding member 9, and can be fixed by the clamp 12.

Because of this structure, the screw member 1 as shown in FIG.
5 and the holding member 13 are opened, move the reflector holding member 9 in the direction of the pedestal 2a and the pole 2b, and press the pedestal 2.
a is brought into contact with the conical contact surface 9b, and then,
The holding member 13 is rotated to bring the convex portion 13a into contact with the base 2a, then the screw member 15 is rotated to fit the screw 15 into the insertion groove 13b, and then the knob 16 is rotated to make the convex part of the holding member 13 contact. The base 2a is firmly held between the portion 13a and the conical contact surface 9b. If you loosen knob 16 a little,
The reflector holding member 9 is positioned at the arrow 19 in FIG. 4 with respect to the pedestal 2a.
, the direction of the reflecting mirror 7 can be adjusted because it can be rotated in the direction of the arrow 18 in FIG.

Furthermore, by loosening the clamp 12, the target plate 11 can be rotated about the center of the reflecting mirror 7, and the orientation of the target can be adjusted.

FIG. 8, FIG. 9, and FIG. 10 are diagrams showing specific examples of the automatic leveling device 4. In FIG. 8, if the direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper is X and the horizontal direction of the plane is Y, then the mounting table 23 has a pair of first rotating shafts 23b, 23 in the X direction as shown in FIG.
b', and a mounting screw 23a is provided in the center for fixing a surveying instrument such as a level or heptadrite.

Further, a pendulum bar 22a is fixed perpendicularly to the surface of the mounting table 23, and a weight 2 is attached to the lower end of the pendulum bar 22a.
2 is provided to form a pendulum, which functions as a balance weight.

As shown in FIG. 9, the first rotating shaft 23b is supported by the intermediate member 27 by a bearing 26 and a support member 3o. The same applies to the first rotating shaft 23b', and FIG. 9 shows a support member 30' corresponding to the support member 3°.
is appearing.

The intermediate member 27 has a pair of second rotation shafts 27a, 27a' provided in the Y direction orthogonal to the direction (X direction) of the first rotation shafts 23b, 23b'.

The second rotating shaft 27a is supported by a bearing 25 on the pedestal 24, as shown in FIG.

Moreover, between the first rotating shaft 23b and the intermediate member 27,
In order to prevent rotation of the mounting table 23 around the first rotation shaft 23b, the brake plate 28 is integrated with the first rotation shaft 23b, and the brake plate 28 is sandwiched between the convex portion 27b of the intermediate member 27. For this purpose, a fixing screw 29 is screwed into the end portion 27c of the intermediate member 27.

Further, there is also a second
In order to prevent rotation of the intermediate member 27 around the rotation shaft 27a of the second rotation shaft 27, a brake plate 280 is integrated with the second rotation shaft 27 and the brake plate 280 is sandwiched between the convex portion 24a of the base 24. 24, and a fixing screw 290 screwed into the end portion 24b of 24.

Note that, as shown in FIG. 10, the first rotating shaft 23b'
Similar members for preventing rotation are provided on the side of the rotor and the second rotation shaft 27a', and corresponding members are indicated by the same reference numerals with a dash attached.

The pedestal 24 is supported by a cylindrical housing 20,
A base 21 is provided at the bottom of the housing 20. The pendulum rod 22a fixed to the mounting table 23 passes through the inside of the housing 2°, and the pendulum rod 22a is attached to the weight 2.
2 is immersed in a viscous liquid 23 sealed inside the housing 20.

With such a configuration, the pendulum 22.22a and the mounting table 23 are aligned with the first rotation shafts 23b, 2 with respect to the housing 20.
3b', is rotatable about the second rotation axis 27a, 27a', and as a result, the pendulum 22.22a always operates in a vertical direction. Immediately after the housing 20 is tilted or due to external vibration, the pendulum 22.22a starts to vibrate at a certain period, but since the weight 22 is immersed in the viscous liquid 23, such vibration is quickly damped.

Note that this liquid is one of the factors that determines the damping time of vibration, so it is sufficient to select a liquid having an appropriate viscosity coefficient depending on the purpose of use.

As a result, even if the housing 20 is tilted, the pendulum 22.22a
Since it always faces in the direction of normal force, the surface of the mounting table 23 becomes a horizontal surface, and the surveying instrument on it is leveled.

Because of this structure, when the vehicle 5 is run inside the tunnel 1 and the measurement is made at an appropriate position, for example, the cross section I in FIG. 1, the cross section! The vehicle 5 is stopped at a position where the target of the measurement point set above can be sighted, and the jack 6 is used to stop the vehicle 5.

Next, the target mounted on the spherical pedestal 2a is collimated (the target plate is not shown in FIG. 1), and distance and angle measurements are performed.

As shown in Fig. 3, for example, the measurement point P+ of cross section ■
, Pz, first sight the measurement point P with the range finder 3 and measure the distance and angle.The data obtained is the distance SD, horizontal angle HA2, and altitude angle. V
A, then sight the measuring point P2, measure the distance, and measure the angle to find the distance SD, horizontal angle HA! , altitude angle VA, are obtained.

A certain point of the rangefinder goniometer 3 is set as the origin 0 (0, 0, 0), and the coordinates of the measurement points P, , P, are P+(Xi , , ), respectively.
'+% 21), P2 (xz,)'! , 2z)
Then, the coordinates of point P (x8, yi, z) are Xi
=soi X5in(VAt) Xcos(HAt)
y H=SD, X5in(VAi) X5in(H
At)z 1 =SDI Xcos(VAN
), the distance between the two measurement points p, , p is determined as follows.

The distance measuring goniometer 3 has a well-known light wave ranging function that emits modulated light toward a reflecting mirror and calculates the distance to the measurement point based on the phase difference between the reflected light from the reflecting mirror and the emitted light. In addition to the angle measurement function that measures the rotation angle around the horizontal and vertical axes of the sighting telescope, it also has a calculation function that stores the obtained distance, horizontal angle, and altitude angle and performs various calculations. .

Therefore, the above-mentioned distance between two points is calculated and stored by a computer for performing the above-mentioned calculation function. The distance between two points obtained in this way corresponds to the tunnel shape.

Furthermore, by measuring the temporal change in the distance between the two points, it is also possible to measure the internal displacement of the tunnel.

In this case, the computer will run 1. distance L at
1 and the distance L2 between the same measurement points at another time t2.

In the above explanation, we used a simple example in which the distance between two measurement points corresponds to the shape of a certain tunnel cross-section, but it is possible to monitor the tunnel cross-section shape more accurately by using data from more measurement points. can.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of a tunnel can be measured without being influenced by the measured cross-sectional shape.

Furthermore, by using an automatic leveling device or a vehicle processing device, it is possible to significantly reduce the time and the number of measuring personnel compared to conventional tape measurements.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a side view of the inner shape of a tunnel being measured using a device according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing an I section of the tunnel, and Fig. 3 is an explanation of the principle of measurement. Figure 4 is a sectional view showing the fixing device for the reflecting mirror, Figure 5 is a partial sectional view taken in the direction of arrow A in Fig. 4, and Figure 6 is a sectional view showing the fixing device for the reflecting mirror on the pedestal in the tunnel. 7 is a front view of the fixing device for the reflecting mirror, FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view of the leveling device, and FIG. 9 is a view taken in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 8. ,
FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 9. (Explanation of symbols of main parts) 2a... Spherical pedestal, 3... Range finder and goniometer, 4... Automatic leveling device, 5... Vehicle, 7... Reflector. ~ Figure q Figure 7O

Claims (1)

[Claims] Fixed at measurement points set on the same cross section of the tunnel,
An interior shape measuring device that measures the interior shape of a tunnel using a reflector device that has a target plate that can be rotated in any direction and that can be collimated with a rangefinder and goniometer, comprising: using the reflector device; A measurement method that measures distances and angles of the measurement points using the distance measurement and angle measurement, calculates the distance between the measurement points from the relative coordinates of the measurement points based on the distance measurement and angle measurement values, and stores and displays the distances. It has a range finder, a mounting table on which the range finder and goniometer is placed, an automatic leveling device that always maintains the mounting table horizontally, and an automatic leveling device on which the automatic leveling device is placed to move inside the tunnel. An inner space shape measuring device comprising: a moving vehicle device;