JPH01249143A - Method and device for crushing packing material in reaction vessel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To dispense with the operations of a worker in a reaction vessel by placing a main crusher body in the vessel, and efficiently crushing the caked packing material in the vessel by the high-pressure water injected from a water jet nozzle loaded on the main body. CONSTITUTION:A crusher 10 is used to crush the caked packing materials 2a and 2b in the reaction vessel 1. In this case, the main body 11 is brought into the vessel 1 from a manhole 3, and set at a desired position in the vessel 1. The water jet nozzle 26 for injecting high-pressure water to crush the materials 2a and 2b is provided to the main body 11, and made freely approachable to the materials 2a and 2b in the vessel 1. As a result, the operations of a worker, etc., in the vessel can be dispensed with, and crushing of the materials can be performed by remote control.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method and a crushing apparatus for crushing internal packings of reaction vessels and various columns and tanks in chemical plants. For example, the present invention can be used in hydrodesulfurization equipment, etc., to crush the catalyst packed in the reaction tower into small pieces in order to discharge it from the container when it solidifies due to deterioration of its activity. can do.

[Prior Art] Generally, large reaction vessels and columns and tanks in chemical plants are filled with various catalysts and the like. The activity of this catalyst and the like decreases due to chemical reactions during plant operation, and in some cases, becomes solidified. Therefore, some or all of the catalyst, etc., which is the filling material, is discharged out of the reaction vessel at regular intervals.
Needs to be replaced with new filling.

Conventionally, the crushing operation for extracting the solidified catalyst has been carried out by a worker entering the reaction vessel and crushing the solidified filler using a crusher or the like. In addition, in order to increase the efficiency of this crushing work, there is a method that does not use a crusher, but instead places a hollow tube loaded with explosives, etc. inside the reaction vessel, and ignites and explodes it to crush the filled material. Ta. (JP-A-50-27776, JP-A-50-69652, JP-A-52-47747) Furthermore, the solidified filling in the reaction vessel is drilled with a drill or the like, and hydration is There was a method in which the solidified filling was crushed by filling it with an expandable crushing agent. (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 61-42327) [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the method of crushing solidified fillers using the above-mentioned crusher, explosives, hydration-swelling crushing agent, etc. Both involve tank entry work, that is, work in which a worker actually enters the reaction vessel. Since the spent catalyst causes combustion and other chemical reactions when it comes into contact with air, the interior of the reaction vessel 5 is generally shielded with an inert gas. Therefore, workers must work under an inert gas seal. Furthermore, the interior of the reaction vessel is in a dusty environment due to the crushing of the filler. Due to these working environment conditions, when working inside the tank using conventional crushing methods, the filling material is crushed under prescribed safety measures.
Must be discharged outside the reaction vessel. Furthermore, the conventional work described above involves the problem of extremely low efficiency and long construction times due to the use of human labor tactics.

Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides an apparatus for crushing a filling in a reaction vessel and a crushing method thereof, which crush the filling in a reaction vessel without an operator entering the reaction vessel. The purpose is to

[32! Means for Solving Problem I] The crushing device for a filling material in a reaction container of the present invention is a crushing device for crushing a filling material solidified in a reaction container, which includes:
A main body is carried into the reaction vessel through a manhole and set at a desired position in the reaction vessel, and a main body is provided in the main body so as to be able to approach the filling in the reaction vessel to crush the filling. It is characterized by comprising a water jet nozzle that sprays high-pressure water for.

Furthermore, in the method of crushing the filling material in a reaction vessel of the present invention, when crushing the solidified filling material in the reaction vessel, a main body having a water jet nozzle is carried into the reaction vessel through a manhole and set at a desired position. , the filling material is crushed by jetting high-pressure water from the jet nozzle.

[Operation] The main body is carried into the interior of the reaction vessel through the manhole. The transported main body is installed at a desired position inside the reaction container. Thereafter, a water jet nozzle injects high-pressure water to break up the solidified filling in the reaction vessel.

[Example] Next, one embodiment of the above invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing one embodiment of the crushing device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view showing the installation state of the crushing device in the reaction vessel in the same embodiment, and FIG. 3 is the same as that shown in FIG. FIG.

First, the reaction vessel 1 in this embodiment is a large fixed-bed type reaction vessel filled with, for example, a catalyst used in various catalytic reactions. Such reaction vessels are used in hydrodesulfurization equipment, hydrogenolysis equipment, etc. for normal pressure or vacuum residual oil, etc., which are widely employed in oil refining and the like. In the packings 2a and 2b in the reaction vessel 1, the catalyst particles may be solidified with each other due to heavy metals in the residual oil and coke generated by the contact reaction, and the solidified catalyst is quite large. It has strength. Further, this reaction vessel 1 is provided with a manhole 3 at the upper end, and a plurality of thermowell vibes 4 having thermometers and the like piped vertically therein are disposed inside.

Furthermore, a tray 5 is provided in the middle of the reaction vessel 1.

Next, the configuration of the apparatus 10 for crushing the stuff packed in a reaction vessel according to the present invention will be explained.

First, this crushing device 10 includes a high-pressure water jet generation pump 14, a power section 15, a control section 16, etc. outside the reaction vessel, and a water jet nozzle 26 inside the reaction vessel. A manipulator main body 11 serving as the main body of the crushing device 10 is connected to one end of a chain 12 that supports its own weight, and the manipulator main body 11 is suspended by this chain 12. The other end of the chain 12 is
It is connected to an elevating mechanism 13 having a built-in drive mechanism (not shown), so that the manipulator main body 11 can move up and down inside the reaction container 1.

The manipulator main body 11 is connected to a high-pressure water jet generating pump 14 and a power unit 15 disposed outside the reaction vessel 1 by a pipe or a pressure hose 18, and supplies high-pressure water to a water jet nozzle 26. It is now possible to do so.

Furthermore, this manipulator main body 11 is connected by a cable 17 to a control oaR 16 located outside the reaction vessel construction, so that its lifting and lowering operations, high-pressure water injection, etc. can be controlled from outside the reaction vessel 1. ing.

Now, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, this manipulator main body 11 has a pair of m sections 19 and 19 at both ends in the horizontal direction, each of which is constructed of a telescopic cylinder driven by hydraulic pressure or the like. is provided. That is, the lifting and lowering of the manipulator body 11 is stopped at a desired position within the reaction vessel 1, and the legs 19, 19 of this pair are extended in the diametrical direction of the reaction vessel 1, and each leg is attached to the opposing inner wall of the reaction vessel 1. Part 19.
Press the contact part 20.20 at the tip of 19 into contact with the manipulator body! 1 can be set at a desired position within the reaction vessel 1. Moreover, if this leg portion 19 is retracted,
The manipulator body 11 can pass through the manhole 3.

Next, an arm portion 21 is provided at the center of the bottom of the five-manipulator main body 11. This arm portion 21 is formed into an arm shape with a large amount of structure including a rotating portion 22, an extendable portion 23, a joint portion 24, etc., and each portion 22, 23, 24 is driven by a drive mechanism (not shown). ing.

The revolving portion 22 has a base end located at the bottom surface 1 of the manipulator body 11.
It is attached to the center of 1a and can rotate within a horizontal plane with respect to this bottom surface 11a.

Furthermore, a telescopic portion 23 is provided on the side surface 22a of the rotating portion 22 so as to extend in the horizontal direction. This telescopic part 23 has a built-in cylinder that is driven by hydraulic pressure or the like.
It can be expanded and contracted horizontally. This telescopic part 2
A joint portion 24 serving as a joint is provided at the tip of the arm 3, and an arm 25 is further provided via this joint portion. The arm 25 is connected to the bottom surface 11 of the manipulator main body 11 by a joint portion 24 that is rotatable five times.
It is designed to be able to swing in a plane perpendicular to a.

Further, at the tip of this arm 25, a water jet nozzle 26 is provided vertically downward via a joint portion 24 similar to the joint portion 24 described in 1).

The jet nozzle 26 has a fork-like tip end formed into two forks, and a nozzle for jetting high-pressure water is provided at each end of the image. Both of these nozzles are connected to the high-pressure water jet generating pump 14 described above, so that a high-pressure water stream can be jetted downward from the nozzle holes at the tips of both nozzles. The water jet nozzle 26 has a base end connected to the tip of the arm 25 as a rotation axis, and is configured to rotate horizontally while jetting high-pressure water W. In other words, the water jet nozzle 26 is configured to spray high-pressure water W while drawing a circular trajectory within a horizontal plane.

Furthermore, this manipulator main body 11 is equipped with a sensor (for example, an eddy current M1 type sensor) that distinguishes between the fillers 2a and 2b in the reaction vessel 1 and internals, although not shown, and a sensor that detects the horizontality and posture of the manipulator main body 11. Detecting sensor (for example, torque balance type sensor), filling 2a, 2
A sensor that measures the distance between b or internal and the sensor itself (for example, a capacitance sensor), a sensor that recognizes the position of the manipulator body 11 in the reaction vessel 1 (for example, a rate gyro), and a visual recognition function. A large number of sensors such as sensors (for example, image sensors) are installed. The signals of these sensors are constantly fed back to the control unit 16, and based on the sensor signals, the control unit 16
The control signal for controlling the manipulator main body 11 which is manually operated is corrected. At the same time, the control unit 16 converts this corrected signal into an appropriate control signal, and controls the manipulator body 11 and arm 2 of the crushing device 10.
! 7.

Next, a method of crushing the material filled in the reaction vessel using the crushing device filo configured as described above will be explained.

First, the manipulator main body 11, arm 21, etc. of the crushing device 10 are suspended by the chain 12 with the legs 19 retracted, and are carried into the reaction container 1 through the manhole 3 of the reaction container 1.

The manipulator main body 11 that is carried in and moves down inside the reaction container 1 is the first layer of filling material 2a in the reaction container 1 based on the control signal sent from the control unit 16 and the sensor signal that corrects it. The descent stops near the solidified catalyst.

Next, extend the legs 19 of the manipulator body 11,
Install and fix. At this time, each leg! 9.19 is
At the same time, the manipulator main body 11 can be centered within the reaction vessel 1 because it extends in the same size step. In addition, the outward pressing force of the leg portions 19 can suppress wobbling and the like during operation of the crushing device 10.

Based on the signal sent from the control unit 16, the arm unit 21 drives the telescoping unit 23 and the arm 25 to bring the water jet nozzle 26 close to the filling material 2a, and the pump 14
The jet nozzle 26 operates in the reaction vessel 1 while injecting high-pressure water W sent from the jet nozzle 26. At this time, the arm part 21 rotates the arm 25 at a predetermined pitch while avoiding the thermowell vibe 4 so as not to collide with the thermowell vibe 4, and expands and contracts the extendable part 23. That is, the tip of the arm 25 draws a continuous substantially fan-shaped locus as shown in FIG.

Further, since the nozzle 26 at the tip of the arm 25 moves while rotating, the tip of each nozzle draws a circular locus whose center moves as shown in FIG. That is, each nozzle moves its center of rotation along a substantially fan-shaped locus shown in FIG. 4, and crushes the filling material 2a while rotating in a horizontal plane.

The high-pressure water W injected from the water jet nozzle 26 is designed to crush the filling material into a groove shape as shown in FIG. 6 by driving the arm portion 21, and by drawing a trajectory shown in FIG. The filling material 2a is crushed into planar shapes. and,
By appropriately operating the telescopic portion 23 and joint portion 24 of the arm portion 21, the filling material is sequentially crushed to a predetermined depth.

On the other hand, the manipulator itself! Various fermentation sensors provided in reaction vessel i are constantly detecting the state inside reaction vessel i. Using this detected value, the control unit 16 automatically sets and controls the optimum crushing procedure for the filling material 2a, the trajectory of the arm 21, the crushing speed, the avoidance of obstacles, etc. There is. In other words, these sensors allow the crushing device to automatically move within the reaction vessel, increasing the efficiency of the crushing operation.

Next, high pressure water W is sprayed by the water jet nozzle 26,
When the sensor detects that the distance between the filling material 2a and the water jet nozzle 26 has become narrow enough to crush the filling material 2a, the injection of the high-pressure water W is temporarily stopped. Then, the legs 19 of the manipulator main body 11 are retracted, and the crushing device 10 is lowered by the required length via the chain 12.

Then, in the same manner as described above, the crushing device 10 is installed and fixed at a suitable position for the work, and the operation of moving the water jet nozzle 26 and crushing the filling material 2a is repeated.

Since the crushed filler 2a is in the form of fine powder, it can be washed away with water, and can be removed from the outlet provided at the bottom of the reaction vessel 1. It can be made to flow directly to the outside from a. Also. The crushed filling material 2a and water W are placed in a reaction vessel! When a predetermined amount of retention is reached, it can be collected by suction using a vacuum pump or the like.

When the crushing of the first layer of filling material 2a in the reaction vessel l is completed, the manipulator main body 11 etc. retract the legs 19 and descend by the chain 12, and the manway 5a of the tray 5 is lowered.
The second layer of packing 2b is crushed by repeating the same operation as described above.

By the way, the high-pressure water jet used in the present invention is a jet of water with a diameter of 300 mm from a nozzle hole with a diameter of about 0.1 mm to 3 mm.
m/s or water flow obtained by jetting water at a speed of 400 m/s, and the water pressure is 500 k
g/c is about 4000 kg/c. In recent years, it has been discovered that such water streams can cut everything from paper to rock, and are being used as metal cutting machines in the mechanical engineering field, and for cutting underground rock in the civil engineering field. That is, the crushing device 10 of the present invention utilizes this high-pressure water jet and moves the water jet nozzle 26 while rotating to directly hit the solidified fillings 2a and 2b in the reaction vessel 1 with the high-pressure water jet, This method crushes the packed material into a groove shape as shown in Fig. 6, and by repeating this operation, the packed material 2a, 2b solidified in the reaction vessel is efficiently crushed. It is.

In this embodiment, the water jet nozzle 26 sprays high-pressure water W while rotating to crush the filling material. It is possible to crush all objects 2a and 2b.

Furthermore, the water jet nozzle 26 in this embodiment is as follows.

Although a case has been described in which there are two nozzle holes, the number of nozzle holes is not necessarily limited to two and may be one, or three or more holes may be provided. Further, although a pair of leg portions 19 is provided, three or more may be provided.

Furthermore, although the trajectory of the water jet nozzle 26 is described as a fan-shaped trajectory in this embodiment, it is not limited to this trajectory, and generally depends on the shape of the reaction vessel and the arrangement of obstacles in the vessel. the sensor corrects the control signal,
All you have to do is move it so that it can always draw a straight trajectory and crush the filling.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, in the apparatus and method for crushing the filling in a reaction vessel according to the present invention, the crushing apparatus main body is carried into the reaction vessel, and the high pressure water jetted from the water jet nozzle mounted on the main body is Water can efficiently crush all the solidified filler in the reaction vessel, eliminating the need for workers to enter the reaction vessel and allowing the work of crushing the filler to be performed remotely. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing one embodiment of the crushing device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view showing the installation state of the crushing device in the reaction vessel in the same embodiment, and FIG. 3 is the same as that shown in FIG. A plan view, FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the trajectory of the arm according to the same embodiment, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the trajectory of the water jet nozzle according to the same embodiment, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the trajectory of the water jet nozzle according to the same embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing a crushed state of an object. 1... Reaction container, 2a, 2b... Filling, 3
... Manhole, 10-... Crushing device, 11-...
・Manipulator body, 26...Water jet nozzle, W・-High pressure water.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) A crushing device for crushing solidified filler in a reaction vessel, comprising: a main body carried into the reaction vessel through a manhole and set at a desired position within the reaction vessel; A filling in a reaction vessel, characterized in that the water jet nozzle is provided on the main body so as to be able to approach the filling in the reaction vessel and sprays high-pressure water for crushing the filling. crushing equipment. 2) When crushing the solidified filler in the reaction vessel, the main body having a water jet nozzle is carried into the reaction vessel through the manhole and set at a desired position, and high pressure water is injected from the jet nozzle to crush the filler. A method for crushing a filling material in a reaction vessel, the method comprising crushing a substance packed in a reaction vessel.