JPH01233011A - Ceramic tool for plastic working - Google Patents
Ceramic tool for plastic workingInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01233011A JPH01233011A JP6139488A JP6139488A JPH01233011A JP H01233011 A JPH01233011 A JP H01233011A JP 6139488 A JP6139488 A JP 6139488A JP 6139488 A JP6139488 A JP 6139488A JP H01233011 A JPH01233011 A JP H01233011A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- tool
- plastic working
- ceramic member
- ceramic
- winding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- -1 sialon Chemical compound 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000181 anti-adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、押出し加工、引抜き加工、鍛造などの塑性加
工、およびホットプレスによる成形・焼結等に用いられ
る高い耐摩耗性、耐凝着性、耐熱性を備えた塑性加工用
セラミック工具に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention is a highly wear-resistant and anti-adhesive material used in plastic working such as extrusion, drawing, and forging, as well as hot press forming and sintering. The present invention relates to a ceramic tool for plastic working that has good properties and heat resistance.
塑性加工用工具は、大きな加工力が作用するために、そ
の使用材料には高硬度、高強度が要求ささる。さらに、
熱間で加工する場合には、耐熱性も要求される。このよ
うな要求から、工具材料には、従来より、合金工具鋼、
高速度工具鋼、超硬合金が用いられている。超硬合金は
、工具鋼に比べ高い耐摩耗性、耐凝着性を有しているこ
とから、その需要が高くなっている。これら工具材料を
特に大きな加工力が作用する場合に適用するときは、焼
ばめで代表されるしまりばめを行い、工具に予圧縮応力
を与える方法が一般的に採用されている。Since large processing forces are applied to plastic working tools, the materials used therefor are required to have high hardness and high strength. moreover,
Heat resistance is also required when hot processing is performed. Due to these demands, tool materials such as alloy tool steel,
High-speed tool steel and cemented carbide are used. Cemented carbide is in high demand because it has higher wear resistance and adhesion resistance than tool steel. When these tool materials are used in cases where a particularly large machining force is applied, a method of applying pre-compressive stress to the tool by performing an interference fit, typically a shrink fit, is generally employed.
焼ばめは、焼ばめ代が外筒の降伏応力を超えない範囲で
決定されるために、予圧縮応力に限界がある。また、通
常５００℃以内で施工されるために、高温時には効果を
失う。Since the shrink fit is determined within a range that does not exceed the yield stress of the outer cylinder, there is a limit to the precompression stress. Additionally, since it is usually applied at temperatures below 500°C, it loses its effectiveness at high temperatures.
また、ダイヤモンドは、高い硬度、耐凝着性から、工具
材料として用いられているが、小径の線引きダイスに適
用されているのが現状である。Furthermore, diamond is used as a tool material due to its high hardness and adhesion resistance, but at present it is applied to small-diameter wire drawing dies.
窒化ケイ素、サイアロン、ジルコニアなどのファインセ
ラミックス材料は、その耐熱性、耐摩耗性、化学的安定
性などに優れていることから、超硬合金に代る塑性加工
用工具材料として注目されている。窒化ケイ素、サイア
ロンは、ダイスへの適用が試みられた例があるが、これ
らの引張強度、じん性が超硬合金より劣るために、短時
間で工具に破壊を生じ、未だ実用化に到っていない。Fine ceramic materials such as silicon nitride, sialon, and zirconia are attracting attention as tool materials for plastic working in place of cemented carbide because of their excellent heat resistance, wear resistance, and chemical stability. Silicon nitride and Sialon have been tried to be applied to dies, but their tensile strength and toughness are inferior to cemented carbide, so they cause tool breakage in a short period of time and have not yet been put into practical use. Not yet.
上述のように従来の工具では以下のような問題がある。 As mentioned above, conventional tools have the following problems.
（１１セラミックスの弱点である低引張強度を克服する
ために、加工中に工具に使用する引張応力を緩和する予
圧縮応力を付加する。(11 In order to overcome the low tensile strength, which is a weak point of ceramics, a precompression stress is applied to relieve the tensile stress used in the tool during processing.
（２）従来の焼ばめより、大きな予圧縮応力を付加する
。(2) Adds greater precompression stress than conventional shrink fit.
（３）焼ばめでは、通常５００°Ｃでしまりばめの効果
が失われるが、１２００℃程度までの雰囲気温度でも予
圧縮応力を付加する。(3) In shrink fitting, the tight fit effect is normally lost at 500°C, but precompression stress is applied even at ambient temperatures up to about 1200°C.
（４） セラミックスを工具とすることで、従来の工
具鋼、超硬合金では使用できない高温域での使用を可能
とする（従来の最高使用温度は約６００℃、セラミック
スは約１３００”ｃ）。(4) By using ceramic as a tool, it can be used in high temperature ranges where conventional tool steel and cemented carbide cannot be used (the maximum operating temperature for conventional tools is approximately 600°C, and ceramic is approximately 1300"c).
本発明は、所定形状のセラミック部材の外周部に、予圧
縮応力を付加する巻線を設けてなることを特徴とする塑
性加工用セラミック工具である。The present invention is a ceramic tool for plastic working, characterized in that a winding for applying precompression stress is provided on the outer periphery of a ceramic member having a predetermined shape.
ここで、本発明の塑性加工用セラミック工具は、押出し
加工、引抜き加工、鍛造などの塑性加工、成型・焼結を
行うホットプレスなどに適用できるものである。Here, the ceramic tool for plastic working of the present invention can be applied to plastic working such as extrusion, drawing, and forging, and hot press for molding and sintering.
また、本発明の塑性加工用セラミック工具を冷間加工用
に用いる場合には、巻線を鋼線で形成し、熱間加工用に
用いる場合には、セラミック繊維、炭素繊維などの無機
系繊維からなる巻線を使用するのが好ましい。In addition, when the ceramic tool for plastic working of the present invention is used for cold working, the winding wire is formed of steel wire, and when used for hot working, inorganic fibers such as ceramic fibers and carbon fibers are formed. Preferably, a winding consisting of
本発明に係る塑性加工用セラミック工具は、次のように
作用するものである。すなわち、円筒形工具で、内面で
加工を行う場合、加工力は円筒体の内圧力として作用し
、これが円筒体内面に円周方向引張応力を生じさせる。The ceramic tool for plastic working according to the present invention functions as follows. That is, when machining is performed on the inner surface of a cylindrical tool, the machining force acts as internal pressure of the cylindrical body, which generates circumferential tensile stress on the inner surface of the cylindrical body.
この引張応力を緩和するために従来は、第２図に示す如
く、工具本体１の外周に焼ばめ用外筒５を嵌合させて、
焼ばめを行っていた。これに対して、本発明によるもの
では、第１図及び第３図に示す如く、例えば略円筒状の
セラミック部材１１の外周部１２に線材１３をある張力
（Ｔ）で所定の厚さ（ｒｚ ｒ＋）まで巻付けている
。なお、同図中１４は、セラミック部材１１の内周部で
ある。セラミック部材１１は、例えば窒化ケイ素、サイ
アロン、ジルコニアなどで形成されている。In order to alleviate this tensile stress, conventionally, as shown in FIG.
Shrink fit was performed. On the other hand, according to the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a wire 13 is attached to the outer circumference 12 of a substantially cylindrical ceramic member 11 with a certain tension (T) and a predetermined thickness (rz It is wound up to r+). In addition, 14 in the same figure is an inner peripheral part of the ceramic member 11. The ceramic member 11 is made of, for example, silicon nitride, sialon, zirconia, or the like.
このようにした本発明の塑性加工用セラミック工具１５
の内周部１４には、円周方向に圧縮応力が生じる。ある
張力のもとで、内周部の円周方向圧縮応力は、線材１３
の巻厚さの関数として与えられる。第４図は、窒化ケイ
素の円筒体（内径２００、外径５０＋＋ｎ＊）からなる
セラミック部材１１の外周部にピアノ線を５０ｋｇｆ／
龍２の張力で巻いたときの圧縮応力と線巻厚さの関係を
示している。このような関係から、加工中の内圧力によ
って生じる円周方向引張応力を緩和するための線巻き条
件（張力、線巻厚さ）が求められる。その条件によって
は、工具内面の応力を零あるいは圧縮にすることも可能
である。第４図には、第２図に示した従来の焼ばめの場
合の鋼製外筒の厚さと工具内面圧縮応力の関係を併記し
た。この焼ばめの例では、焼ばめ代は鋼製外筒の降伏強
さをもとに設定した。第４図から、本発明は、焼ばめよ
り高い予圧縮応力を付加できることが明らかである。Ceramic tool 15 for plastic working of the present invention as described above
A compressive stress is generated in the inner circumferential portion 14 in the circumferential direction. Under a certain tension, the compressive stress in the circumferential direction of the inner circumferential portion of the wire 13
is given as a function of the winding thickness. FIG. 4 shows a piano wire of 50 kgf/w attached to the outer periphery of a ceramic member 11 made of a silicon nitride cylinder (inner diameter 200, outer diameter 50++n*).
It shows the relationship between compressive stress and wire winding thickness when wound with the tension of Dragon 2. From such a relationship, wire winding conditions (tension, wire winding thickness) for alleviating circumferential tensile stress caused by internal pressure during processing are determined. Depending on the conditions, it is also possible to make the stress on the inner surface of the tool zero or compressive. FIG. 4 also shows the relationship between the thickness of the steel outer cylinder and the compressive stress on the inner surface of the tool in the case of the conventional shrink fit shown in FIG. 2. In this shrink fit example, the shrink fit allowance was set based on the yield strength of the steel outer cylinder. From FIG. 4, it is clear that the present invention can apply higher precompression stress than shrink fit.
また、巻線の材質としてセラミック繊維や炭素繊維を用
いれば、１．０００°Ｃを超える温度でも軟化せず、高
温で工具に予圧縮応力を付加できる。Furthermore, if ceramic fiber or carbon fiber is used as the material for the winding wire, it will not soften even at temperatures exceeding 1.000°C, and precompression stress can be applied to the tool at high temperatures.
以下、本発明の実施例について図面を参照して説明する
。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
実施例１
この実施例は、本発明をチタン合金熱間押出し用ダイス
に適用したものである。すなわち、第５図に示す如く、
このダイスは、サイアロンからなるダイス本体１６の外
周部１７に、炭化ケイ素繊維からなる巻線１８を予圧縮
応力が３０〜３５ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ２となるように巻装した
ものである。Example 1 In this example, the present invention was applied to a die for hot extrusion of titanium alloy. That is, as shown in Figure 5,
In this die, a winding 18 made of silicon carbide fiber is wound around the outer circumference 17 of a die main body 16 made of sialon so that the precompression stress is 30 to 35 kgf/mm<2>.
６一
このダイスを用いて、直径］−Ｑ ｘ＊のチタン合金棒
を押出し比１６、ラム速度３ｍ／ｍｉｎで加工した。加
工後、ダイスには損傷はなく、棒表面の性状も極めて良
好であった。6 - Using this die, a titanium alloy rod with a diameter of ]-Qx* was processed at an extrusion ratio of 16 and a ram speed of 3 m/min. After processing, there was no damage to the die, and the bar surface was in very good condition.
実施例２
この実施例は、ホントブレス用成型・焼結型に本発明を
適用したものである。すなわち、第６図に示す如く、型
本体１９をサイアロンで形成し、その外周部２０に５ｉ
−Ｔｉ−Ｃ−０系繊維（宇部興産■製チラノ繊維）から
なる巻線２１を巻装して型を構成した。この型内にＴｉ
合金粉体を入れ、１１００〜１３００℃の高温下でサイ
アロン製パンチ２２で約２０ｋｇｆ／＋ｎｍ２の圧力で
加圧し、焼結体を製造した。製造後に型の損傷は全く見
られなかった。Example 2 In this example, the present invention is applied to a molding/sintering mold for a real bracelet. That is, as shown in FIG.
A mold was constructed by winding a winding wire 21 made of -Ti-C-0 fiber (Tyranno Fiber manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd.). Ti in this mold
Alloy powder was put therein and pressed at a pressure of about 20 kgf/+nm 2 with a Sialon punch 22 at a high temperature of 1100 to 1300° C. to produce a sintered body. No mold damage was observed after manufacturing.
実施例３
この実施例は、冷間引抜き用ダイスに本発明を適用した
ものである。すなわち、ダイスナツプ２３を窒化ケイ素
で形成し、その外周部２４にピアノ線を用いた巻線２５
を設けてダイスを構成した。このダイスを用いて、直径
２０ｍのステンレスを減面率３０％、引抜速度１０ｍ／
ｍｉｎで加工した。加工後、ダイスには損傷はなく、製
品の表面性状も極めて良好であった。なお、この場合チ
ップ２３を鋼製ケース２６で保持したが、このはめあい
はすきまばめであった。Example 3 In this example, the present invention is applied to a die for cold drawing. That is, the die snap 23 is made of silicon nitride, and the outer circumference 24 is made of a winding 25 made of piano wire.
The dice were constructed by providing . Using this die, stainless steel with a diameter of 20m is drawn at a reduction rate of 30% and a drawing speed of 10m/
Processed at min. After processing, there was no damage to the die, and the surface quality of the product was very good. In this case, the chip 23 was held by the steel case 26, but this fit was a loose fit.
以上説明した如く、本発明に係る塑性加工用セラミック
工具によれば次のような効果を有する。As explained above, the ceramic tool for plastic working according to the present invention has the following effects.
（１）耐摩耗性、耐熱性、耐凝着性に優れたセラミック
スを巻線による予圧縮応力を付加して、引張応力を軽減
することにより、塑性加工用工具、成型・焼結型に使用
することが可能になった。(1) Ceramics with excellent wear resistance, heat resistance, and adhesion resistance are used for plastic working tools and molding/sintering molds by adding precompression stress by winding and reducing tensile stress. It became possible to do so.
（２）特に６００℃を超える高温では、焼ばめ構造は効
果を消失するのに対し、本発明の無機繊維による巻線構
造は有効である。(2) In particular, at high temperatures exceeding 600° C., the shrink-fit structure loses its effectiveness, whereas the wire-wound structure using inorganic fibers of the present invention is effective.
（３）焼ばめでは内筒の外周面、外筒の内周面に高精度
の加工を必要とするが、本発明では不要である。(3) Shrink fitting requires highly accurate machining of the outer circumferential surface of the inner cylinder and the inner circumferential surface of the outer cylinder, but this is not necessary in the present invention.
第１図は、本発明の塑性加工用セラミック工具の構成を
示す説明図、第２図は、従来の焼ばめの状態を示す説明
図、第３図は、本発明における線材の巻装状態を示す説
明図、第４図は、セラミック部材（工具）内面圧縮応力
と線材の巻き付は厚さ等との関係を示す特性図、第５図
乃至第７図は、本発明の実施例を示す断面図である。
１１・・・セラミック部材、１２・・・外周部、１３・
・・線材、１４・・・内周部、１５・・・塑性加工用セ
ラミック工具。Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the ceramic tool for plastic working of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the conventional shrink fit state, and Fig. 3 is the winding state of the wire rod in the present invention. FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the internal compressive stress of a ceramic member (tool) and the winding thickness of the wire rod, and FIGS. 5 to 7 are diagrams showing examples of the present invention. FIG. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11...Ceramic member, 12...Outer peripheral part, 13.
... Wire rod, 14 ... Inner peripheral part, 15 ... Ceramic tool for plastic working.
Claims (3)
力を付加する巻線を設けてなることを特徴とする塑性加
工用セラミック工具。(1) A ceramic tool for plastic working, characterized in that a winding for applying precompression stress is provided on the outer periphery of a ceramic member having a predetermined shape.
用セラミック工具。(2) The ceramic tool for plastic working according to claim 1, wherein the winding wire is a steel wire.
性加工用セラミック工具。(3) The ceramic tool for plastic working according to claim 1, wherein the winding wire is made of inorganic fiber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6139488A JPH01233011A (en) | 1988-03-15 | 1988-03-15 | Ceramic tool for plastic working |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6139488A JPH01233011A (en) | 1988-03-15 | 1988-03-15 | Ceramic tool for plastic working |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01233011A true JPH01233011A (en) | 1989-09-18 |
Family
ID=13169897
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6139488A Pending JPH01233011A (en) | 1988-03-15 | 1988-03-15 | Ceramic tool for plastic working |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01233011A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06106290A (en) * | 1992-09-24 | 1994-04-19 | Akamatsu Fuooshisu Kk | Die |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS585286A (en) * | 1981-07-01 | 1983-01-12 | Hiroshi Goto | Surface decorating material |
| JPS6020485A (en) * | 1983-07-12 | 1985-02-01 | 株式会社東海理化電機製作所 | Electric heater and method of producing same |
-
1988
- 1988-03-15 JP JP6139488A patent/JPH01233011A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS585286A (en) * | 1981-07-01 | 1983-01-12 | Hiroshi Goto | Surface decorating material |
| JPS6020485A (en) * | 1983-07-12 | 1985-02-01 | 株式会社東海理化電機製作所 | Electric heater and method of producing same |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06106290A (en) * | 1992-09-24 | 1994-04-19 | Akamatsu Fuooshisu Kk | Die |
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