JPH01224654A - Acquiring method for information regarding dew condensation on surface of partition wall - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To accurately obtain information regarding the dew condensation on the partition wall without contacting by finding such environmental temperature that many points on the wall surface are at dew point temperature, determining a hue corresponding to the environmental temperature, and displaying the respective points as a temperature image corresponding to their position. CONSTITUTION:An optical scanner 2 performs a raster scan on the wall surface and temperature thetaa at each part on the wall surface is measured and stored 7. Further, thermometers 16 and 17 measure temperatures Ta and Tb inside and outside the wall W, the inside temperature C is measured 18, and the measurement results are inputted to a computer 10. Then the temperature thetaa which is stored 7 is read out and substituted in a prescribed expression together with the values of the temperatures Ta and Tb to a heat passage rate K at each point, and heat passage rates K are stored 14 as a K value map. Then K values at respective values are read out of the K value map which is stored 14 and substituted in the prescribed expression together with the values Tb and C which are already inputted to find the environmental temperature Ta when the respective points at dew point temperature, and it is stored 11. Consequently, a dew condensation environmental temperature map is formed in the memory 11. This map is read out and displayed 13 together the hue corresponding to the temperature to judge which part of the wall W starts dew condensation and at what temperature the dew condensation starts.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method for obtaining information regarding dew condensation on walls and windows used in buildings, and in particular, relates to the environmental temperature at which dew appears on walls and windows. It concerns a method by which information can be obtained.

[Prior Art] When dew forms on the walls and windows of a building, those parts tend to get dirty and mold and germs grow, which poses serious problems from both an aesthetic and hygienic standpoint.

For this reason, we obtain information about condensation on the walls and windows of buildings, and take measures to prevent condensation from occurring in areas that are prone to condensation.
It will be necessary to use this as a reference for future building designs. Conventionally, in order to obtain information regarding this condensation, condensation has been detected simply by visually observing the condensed water droplets or by attaching a moisture meter to the wall.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the visual measurement method, marks must be placed on the wall depending on the state of condensation, and in the measurement using a moisture meter, the meter may be difficult to use depending on the location. Conventional measurement methods have many problems, such as the fact that there are some areas where it is not possible to provide a

Furthermore, with the conventional method described above, when attempting to examine changes in the dew condensation area due to changes in the environmental temperature, it was necessary to actually gradually change the environmental temperature and repeat the ΔPI determination, which required a long time for measurement. .

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and it is possible to obtain information on the environmental temperature at which dew condenses at a specific point or area by measuring - degrees without actually changing the environmental temperature. The purpose is to provide a method that can be used.

[Steps for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the method for acquiring information regarding dew condensation on the surface of a partition wall according to the present invention is characterized by performing the following steps.

A. Measuring the surface temperature θa on one side a of the partition wall arranged to partition two atmospheres; B. Measuring the environmental temperature Ta near the wavefront a and the environmental temperature Tb near the other side. Step of measuring C8 Step of obtaining data C regarding the humidity in the vicinity of the surface a D. Using the above Ta, Tb and θa, Ta − Tb=
a step of determining a coefficient K related to heat transfer at the surface temperature measurement point based on the relational expression K (Ta-θa);
step of determining the environmental temperature when the temperature at the ill fixed point reaches the dew point temperature.

[Operation] As shown in FIG. 2, assume that heat flows from the inside to the outside of a house during the winter through a wall W that partitions the inside and outside of the house. A curve g shows the temperature change along the straight line in FIG.

As can be seen from this curve g, the temperature inside the house is Ta, the temperature on the wall a inside the house is θa1, the temperature on the wall outside the house is θb1, and the temperature outside the house (outside temperature) is Tb. .

In such a state, if the amount of heat per unit area that moves from the indoor to the outdoor through the wall W is Q, then Q is expressed by the following formula.

Q-k (Ta-Tb)-(1)
k is called the heat transfer rate and is expressed by the following formula.

k = 1 / aa + d /λ+1/αb
-(2) Here, C8 and αb are the heat transfer coefficients between the wall surfaces a and b, respectively, and the air in contact with them, λ is the thermal conductivity of the wall, and d is the thickness of the wall.

Furthermore, since the amount of heat flowing into the wall a from the room and the amount of heat flowing out from the wall to the outside are both equal to Q, the following formula holds true.

Q = a a (T a - θa) - C
3) Q-αb (θb-Tb) ... (4
) By eliminating Q from equations (1) and (3) and setting - to α&/, equation (5) is obtained.

Ta - Tb = K (Ta - θa) - C5) Here, when Ta and Tb are known, if the temperature θa at a certain point p on the wall a is measured, the value of K at that point Kp becomes (5
) can be obtained from the formula.

Once the value of Kp is determined in this manner, it is possible to determine at what point the environmental temperature Ta must reach at which the point p reaches the dew point temperature To and dew condensation begins to occur, as follows.

That is, if the humidity C (%) inside the building at that time is known, the dew point temperature TO is given as a function of Ta and C as shown in the following equation.

To -AHE5+A2 E' +A3 E3+A4
E2+A5 E+A6...(6) E = (C/100) (B+ Ta5+ B2
Ta' + B3 Ta3+ B, J Ta2+ B
s Ta + B6 ) - (7) (6), (7)
In the formula, A1 to A, , B, and B6 are known constants.

Therefore, as θa-To, equation (5) is expressed as (6).

By substituting Equation (7), since C, Tb, and K are known, it becomes a higher-order equation regarding only Ta, and by solving this, the environmental temperature Ta at which point p becomes the dew point temperature and its dew point temperature To can be found. It will be done.

In this way, information about the environmental temperature at which dew condensation occurs at a specific point on the wall surface can be known without actually changing the environmental temperature and causing dew condensation.

For many points on the wall, find the environmental temperature at which each point reaches the dew point temperature in exactly the same way, give the brightness or hue corresponding to the found environmental temperature, and display it as a temperature image by associating each point with its position. For example, based on this image, it is possible to immediately determine which area of the wall and at what environmental temperature dew condensation will occur.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[Example] Fig. 1 shows an example of an apparatus for carrying out the measurement method based on the present invention, in which 1 is an infrared detector, 2 is an apparatus for forming an image of the detector 1 on a wall surface W to be measured. At the same time, an optical scanner 3 is used for rask scanning, and a reference blackbody 3 is used to make reference infrared rays enter the detector 1 every time the optical scanner 2 scans horizontally.

Based on the rask scanning by the optical scanner 2, infrared rays from each point on the wall surface are sequentially incident on the detector 1, and the obtained detection signal is sent to the processing circuit 4 having an absolute temperature regeneration circuit, a linearizer, etc. is converted into a temperature signal corresponding to the absolute temperature of This temperature signal is converted into a digital signal by the AD converter 5, and then supplied to the first image memory 7 via the interface 6 and stored therein. The stored temperature signal is read out at television speed by the readout circuit 8 and supplied to the display device 9 as a video signal, so that a temperature distribution image of the wall surface W is displayed on the screen.

10 is a computer that performs arithmetic processing; 11 is a second image memory that stores dew condensation information obtained as a result of the processing; 1;
2 and 13 are a readout circuit and display device for the image memory 11, 14 is a memory for storing a value map, and 15 is an input device such as a keyboard, which are connected to each other via an interface 6.

16 and 17 are thermometers that measure the air temperature (environmental temperature) inside and outside the wall W, and 18 is a hygrometer that measures the humidity inside.

The implementation of the method based on the present invention using the above-described configuration will be described below using the flowchart shown in FIG.

First, a necessary part of the wall surface is scanned by the optical scanner 2, and the temperature θa of each part of the wall surface is measured and stored in the first image memory 7.

Also, the operator can check the temperature inside the wall W using the thermometers 16 and 17. K T a and the outside temperature Tb are set at 11-1, and the inside humidity (relative humidity) C is determined by the hygrometer 18.
The n1 constant results Ta, Tb, and C are input to the computer 10 using the input device 15. This operation by the operator is unnecessary if a thermometer and a hygrometer capable of outputting electrical signals are used and the outputs are input online to the computer via an interface.

Next, the surface temperature θa at each point on the wall surface within the field of view stored in the image memory 7 is read out sequentially, and the previously input T
The values of a and Tb are substituted into equation (5), and the value of each point is determined and stored in the memory 14 as a value map.

In order to find the value of this value, it is also possible to calculate the equation (5) for each point, but by changing θa in steps of, for example, 0°1°C and finding K from the equation (5), θa - A table may be created in advance, and the values may be directly read from the θa values of each point based on this table, and the time required to obtain the value map is shorter in this way.

Next, the values of each point are sequentially read from the value map stored in the memory 14, and the values of Tb and C that have already been input are read out sequentially.
The environmental temperature Ta at which each point reaches the dew point temperature is sequentially obtained by substituting the values into equations (5), (6), and (7) together with the value of , and the obtained Ta value at each point is stored in the memory 11. As a result, when the calculations are completed for all points on the inner wall surface of the field of view, a map of the environmental temperature at which each point reaches the dew point temperature is formed in the memory 11, a map that can be called a condensation environmental temperature map. .

If this map is read out and displayed on the screen of the display device 13, for example, with a hue corresponding to the temperature, as shown in FIG. You can instantly determine at what temperature condensation begins.

C8 in Figure 4 is a color scale that displays the correspondence between hue and temperature (corresponds to the gray scale of a monochrome image)
The range of dew condensation environmental temperature from 10°C to 20°C is color-coded into 10 colors (color 0 to color 9) in 1°C steps. A bar graph BG displayed next to it shows the area ratio of each color area in the map, and the area ratio of each color area can be read from this bar graph. Moreover, the line graph superimposed on this bar graph is the integrated value of this bar graph, and according to this line graph, it is possible to know the proportion of the area where dew condensation occurs at a certain environmental temperature.

The display form of the dew condensation environmental temperature map can be modified in various ways, and may be displayed as a monochrome image, or isothermal lines may be displayed superimposed on the map at appropriate temperature steps. In addition, by displaying the temperature distribution image of the wall surface stored in the image memory 7 on the same screen, or displaying it on the same screen with the visible image of the wall surface in the same field of view, the operator can easily identify areas prone to condensation. The position of the wall surface can be better recognized from the comparison with other images.

Furthermore, it is configured so that a specific point on the displayed map can be specified using a position specifying means such as a cursor or a light pen.
The dew condensation environmental temperature at a designated point may be displayed on the screen or recorded.

[Effects] As detailed above, according to the present invention, information on the environmental temperature at which dew condenses at a specific point or area at a constant -8-1 degree is obtained without actually changing the environmental temperature. A method is provided for obtaining the .

In particular, if the temperature of the partition wall is measured by detecting infrared rays as in the present embodiment, information regarding dew condensation on the partition wall can be obtained accurately without contact.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of an apparatus for implementing the method based on the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the measurement principle of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of the present invention. The flowchart used for this purpose, FIG. 4, is a diagram showing an example of a display screen. 1: Infrared detector 2: Optical scanner 4: Processing circuit 5: A-D converter 6: Interface 7, 11: Image memory 9.13: Display device
10: Computer 14: Memory 15: Input device 16.17: Thermometer 18; Hygrometer

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A method for obtaining information regarding dew condensation on the surface of a partition wall consisting of the following steps A to E: A. Measuring the surface temperature θa on one side a of the partition wall arranged to partition two atmospheres. , B. Measuring the environmental temperature Ta near the surface a and the environmental temperature Tb near the other surface b; C. Obtaining data C regarding the humidity near the surface a; D. The above Ta, Tb. , θa, Ta-Tb=K(T
a-θa), a step of determining a coefficient K related to heat transfer at the surface temperature measurement point based on the relational expression; Step to find temperature. (2) A method for obtaining information regarding dew condensation on the surface of a partition wall consisting of each of the following steps A to F. B. Measuring the environmental temperature Ta near the surface a and the environmental temperature Tb near the other surface b; C. Obtaining data C regarding the humidity near the surface a; D. Using the above Ta, Tb, θa, Ta-Tb=K(T
a-θa), calculating a coefficient K related to heat transfer for the plurality of points based on the relational expression E, the value of K and Tb, and C when the temperature at the surface temperature measurement point reaches the dew point temperature; determining the environmental temperature near the measurement point for each surface temperature measurement point; F. displaying or recording a map of the environmental temperature;