【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]
本発明は複合材料の製造方法に関する。
従来、卑金属の線材の外周面を貴金属で被覆し
た複合材料を作るには、第１図ａに示す如き貴金
属より成るパイプ１に、第１図ｂに示す如く卑金
属より成る線材２を挿入し、これを伸線加工と拡
散処理を繰返し行つて第１図ｃに示す如く所要の
線径の複合線材３と成した後、引抜加工して所要
の断面形状、例えば第１図ｄに示す如く下面中央
にプロジエクシヨン４を有する断面カマボコ形に
成形して電気接点用複合材料５或るいはプレス加
工して所要の断面形状、例えば第１図ｅに示す如
く中央部太鼓状に膨らんだ矩形断面を有する眼鏡
フレーム用複合材料６を得ていた。
然し乍ら、上記の製造方法では貴金属のパイプ
１に卑金属の線材２を挿入する為に、貴金属のパ
イプ１の内径は卑金属の線材２の外径より僅かに
大きくしてあるので、パイプ１に線材２を挿入し
た際クリアランスが生じる。従つてこの状態で伸
線加工されるパイプ１と線材２は甚だ密着性が悪
く、接合強度の不充分なものとなる。この為接合
強度を上げるべく伸線加工の度毎に拡散処理を行
つているが、拡散処理が過大となつて複合線材３
の外周部に拡散層が形成され、その後成形されて
得られる電気接点用複合材料５の接点性能が低下
したり、眼鏡フレーム用複合材料６が脆かつたり
するものである。
本発明は斯かる問題を解消すべくなされたもの
であり、拡散処理を行うことなく、卑金属とその
外周の貴金属との接合強度が高く安定した複合材
料を製造することのできる方法を提供せんとする
ものである。
本発明の複合材料の製造方法は、第２図ａに示
す如く卑金属の断面半円形の線材１０と第２図ｂ
に示す貴金属の帯材１１とを熱間にて圧接成形し
て第２図ｃに示す如く断面半円形の複合線材１２
を作り、次にこの複合線材１２を二本を第２図ｄ
に示す如くフラツト面１３同志を突き合せて熱間
にて圧接して断面円形の複合線材１４を作り、次
いでこの複合線材１４を塑性加工により所要の断
面形状、例えば第２図ｅ、第２図ｆに示す如く下
面中央にプロジエクシヨン１５を有する断面カマ
ボコ形に成形して、電気接点用複合材料１６、眼
鏡フレーム用複合材料１７を得るものである。
このように本発明の複合材料の製造方法は、卑
金属の線材１０と貴金属の帯材１１とを熱間にて
圧接成形して断面半円形の複合線材１２を作り、
これを二本熱間圧接して断面円形の複合線材１４
とするので、卑金属と貴金属とは完全に密着した
状態で接合されることになり、その接合強度は高
く安定したものとなる。従つて、従来の製造方法
のように接合強度を上げる為の拡散処理は不要と
なるので、複合線材１４に拡散層が形成されるこ
とがなく、その後成形されて得られる電気接点用
複合材料１６の接点性能が低下したり、眼鏡フレ
ーム用複合材料１７が脆くなつたりすることがな
いものである。
次に本発明の複合材料の製造方法の効果を明瞭
ならしめる為にその具体的な実施例と従来例につ
いて説明する。
実施例 １
第２図ａに示す如くCu−Ni20重量％の高さ0.5
mm、幅１mmの断面半円形の卑金属線材１０と第２
図ｂに示すAu−Ag25重量％の厚さ0.07mm、幅1.5
mmの貴金属の帯材１１とを900℃、窒素ガス雰囲
気中で圧接成形して、第２図ｃに示す如く高さ
0.5mm、幅１mmの断面半円形で外層の貴金属１
１′の肉厚が0.06mmと均一な複合線材１２を作り、
次にこの複合線材１２を二本第２図ｄに示す如く
フラツト面１３同志を突き合せて900℃窒素ガス
雰囲気中で圧接して直径１mmの円形の複合線材１
４を作り、次いでこの複合線材１４を引抜加工し
て第２図ｅに示す如く下面中央に高さ0.05mm、幅
0.1mmの断面半球状のプロジエクシヨン１５を有
する幅0.5mm、高さ0.3mmの断面カマボコ形で外層
の貴金属１１′の肉厚0.04mmと均一な電気接点用
複合材料１６を得た。
実施例 ２
第２図ａに示す如く洋白の高さ0.6mm幅1.2mmの
断面半円形の卑金属の線材１０と第２図ｂに示す
Ｋ１８の厚さ0.1mm、幅1.8mmの貴金属の帯材１１
とを800℃、窒素ガス雰囲気中で圧接成形して、
第２図ｃに示す如く高さ0.6mm、幅1.2mmの断面半
円形で外層の貴金属材１１′の肉厚が、0.09mmと
均一な複合線材１２を作り、次にこの複合線材１
２を２本第２図ｄに示す如く、フラツト面１３同
志を突き合せて800℃窒素ガス雰囲気中で圧接し
て直径1.2mmの複合線材１４を作り、次いでこの
複合線材１４を引抜加工して、第２図ｆに示す如
く断面形状に成形加工し、眼鏡フレーム用複合材
料を得た。
従来例
第１図ａに示す如くAu−Ag25重量％より成る
外径4.1mm、内径３mmのパイプ１に第１図ｂに示
す如くCu−Ni20重量％より成る直径2.7mmの線材
２を挿入し、これを伸線加工と拡散処理を10回繰
返し行つて第１図ｃに示す如く直径0.4mmの複合
線材３と成した後、引抜加工して第１図ｄに示す
如く下面中央に高さ0.05mm、幅0.1mmの断面半球
状のプロジエクシヨン４を有する幅0.5mm、高さ
0.3mmの断面カマボコ形で外層の貴金属１′の肉厚
0.04mmの電気接点用複合材料５を得た。
然してこれら実施例及び従来例の複合材料を
100mmずつ切断して各100本の試験材料を作り、こ
の各試料の両端25mmずつチヤツクして、試験長間
隔50mmを捻回破断して貴金属と卑金属との剥離状
態を顕微鏡観察により調べた処、下記の表に示す
ような結果を得た。
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing composite materials. Conventionally, in order to make a composite material in which the outer peripheral surface of a base metal wire is coated with a noble metal, a wire 2 made of a base metal as shown in FIG. 1b is inserted into a pipe 1 made of a noble metal as shown in FIG. This is repeatedly subjected to wire drawing and diffusion treatment to form a composite wire 3 having the required wire diameter as shown in FIG. Composite material 5 for electrical contacts is formed by molding into a semicylindrical cross-sectional shape having a protrusion 4 in the center, or by pressing into a desired cross-sectional shape, for example, a rectangular cross-section with a drum-like bulge in the center as shown in FIG. 1e. A composite material 6 for eyeglass frames was obtained. However, in the above manufacturing method, the inner diameter of the noble metal pipe 1 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the base metal wire 2 in order to insert the base metal wire 2 into the noble metal pipe 1. Clearance occurs when inserting. Therefore, the pipe 1 and the wire rod 2 that are wire-drawn in this state have extremely poor adhesion, resulting in insufficient joint strength. For this reason, in order to increase the bonding strength, diffusion treatment is performed every time wire drawing is performed, but the diffusion treatment becomes excessive and the composite wire 3
A diffusion layer is formed on the outer periphery of the material, and the contact performance of the composite material 5 for electrical contacts obtained by subsequent molding deteriorates, and the composite material 6 for eyeglass frames becomes brittle. The present invention was made to solve this problem, and aims to provide a method for producing a stable composite material with high bonding strength between a base metal and a noble metal on its outer periphery without performing a diffusion treatment. It is something to do. The method for manufacturing a composite material of the present invention is based on a base metal wire 10 having a semicircular cross section as shown in FIG.
A composite wire rod 12 having a semicircular cross section as shown in FIG.
, and then connect two of these composite wires 12 as shown in Figure 2 d.
As shown in FIG. 2, the flat surfaces 13 are butted against each other and hot-pressed to form a composite wire 14 having a circular cross section.Then, this composite wire 14 is plastically worked to a desired cross-sectional shape, for example, FIG. 2e, FIG. As shown in f, the composite material 16 for electrical contacts and the composite material 17 for eyeglass frames are obtained by molding into a semicylindrical cross section having a projection 15 at the center of the lower surface. As described above, the method for manufacturing a composite material of the present invention includes hot pressure welding of a base metal wire 10 and a noble metal strip 11 to produce a composite wire 12 having a semicircular cross section.
Two of these are hot-welded to form a composite wire 14 with a circular cross section.
Therefore, the base metal and the noble metal are bonded in a completely intimate state, and the bond strength is high and stable. Therefore, there is no need for a diffusion treatment to increase the bonding strength as in conventional manufacturing methods, so a diffusion layer is not formed on the composite wire 14, and the composite material 16 for electrical contacts obtained by subsequent molding. This prevents the contact performance from deteriorating and the composite material 17 for eyeglass frames from becoming brittle. Next, in order to clarify the effects of the method for manufacturing a composite material of the present invention, specific examples and conventional examples thereof will be described. Example 1 As shown in Figure 2a, the height of Cu-Ni 20% by weight is 0.5
mm, a base metal wire 10 with a semicircular cross section and a width of 1 mm and a second
Au-Ag25% by weight shown in Figure b, thickness 0.07 mm, width 1.5
mm noble metal strip 11 is pressure-welded at 900℃ in a nitrogen gas atmosphere, and the height is as shown in Figure 2c.
Outer layer of precious metal 1 with a semicircular cross section of 0.5 mm and width of 1 mm.
A composite wire 12 with a uniform wall thickness of 0.06 mm at 1' was made.
Next, as shown in FIG. 2d, two of these composite wire rods 12 are pressed against each other in a nitrogen gas atmosphere at 900°C with their flat surfaces 13 pressed together to form a circular composite wire rod 1 with a diameter of 1 mm.
4, and then this composite wire rod 14 is drawn to form a 0.05 mm height and width at the center of the lower surface as shown in Fig. 2 e.
A composite material 16 for electric contacts was obtained, which had a hemispherical projection 15 with a cross section of 0.1 mm, a semicylindrical cross section with a width of 0.5 mm and a height of 0.3 mm, and an outer layer of precious metal 11' having a uniform wall thickness of 0.04 mm. Example 2 A base metal wire 10 made of nickel silver and having a semicircular cross section with a height of 0.6 mm and a width of 1.2 mm as shown in FIG. Material 11
and pressure-molded in a nitrogen gas atmosphere at 800℃,
As shown in Fig. 2c, a composite wire 12 with a semicircular cross section of 0.6 mm in height and 1.2 mm in width and a uniform wall thickness of 0.09 mm of the noble metal material 11' of the outer layer is made, and then this composite wire 1
As shown in Fig. 2d, two wire rods 14 are made by pressing the flat surfaces 13 against each other in a nitrogen gas atmosphere at 800°C to make a composite wire rod 14 with a diameter of 1.2 mm, and then this composite wire rod 14 is drawn. The composite material was molded into a cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG. 2f to obtain a composite material for eyeglass frames. Conventional Example As shown in Fig. 1a, a wire 2 of 2.7mm diameter made of 20% Cu-Ni by weight is inserted into a pipe 1 of 4.1mm outer diameter and 3mm inner diameter made of 25% Au-Ag by weight as shown in Fig. 1b. After repeating wire drawing and diffusion processing 10 times to form a composite wire 3 with a diameter of 0.4 mm as shown in Figure 1c, it is drawn to form a composite wire 3 with a height at the center of the bottom surface as shown in Figure 1d. 0.5mm wide and 0.5mm high with a hemispherical protrusion 4 with a cross section of 0.05mm wide and 0.1mm wide.
0.3mm cross section with semicircular shape and outer layer of precious metal 1' wall thickness
Composite material 5 for electrical contacts of 0.04 mm was obtained. However, the composite materials of these examples and conventional examples
100 test materials were made by cutting 100 mm each, and each sample was checked at 25 mm at both ends, torsionally fractured at a test length interval of 50 mm, and the state of separation between the precious metal and the base metal was examined by microscopic observation. The results shown in the table below were obtained.
【表】
上記の表で明らかなように従来例の複合材料の
貴金属と卑金属との接合強度は低くばらつきが大
きく不安定であるのに対し、実施例の複合材料貴
金属と卑金属との接合強度は高くばらつきが小さ
く安定していることが判る。
以上詳記した通り本発明の複合材料の製造方法
によれば、拡散処理することなく卑金属とその外
周の貴金属との接合強度が高く安定した複合材料
を容易に製造することができるという優れた効果
がある。
また本発明の複合材料の製造方法に於いては、
断面半円形の複合線材１２を二本フラツト面１３
同志を突き合せて熱間圧接して断面円形の複合線
材１４を作るので、予めプロジエクシヨン１５を
形成する側に配される断面半円形の複合線材１２
は外層の厚さを薄くして、或いは接触面の貴金属
と異なる材料でベース材を被覆すれば貴金属を節
約することができるという効果もある。[Table] As is clear from the above table, the bonding strength between the noble metal and base metal of the composite material of the conventional example is low and unstable with large variations, whereas the bonding strength of the composite material of the example noble metal and base metal is It can be seen that it is stable with high variation and small variation. As detailed above, the method for producing a composite material of the present invention has the excellent effect that a stable composite material with high bonding strength between a base metal and a noble metal on its outer periphery can be easily produced without any diffusion treatment. There is. Furthermore, in the method for manufacturing a composite material of the present invention,
Two composite wire rods 12 with a semicircular cross section are placed on a flat surface 13
Since the composite wire 14 with a circular cross section is made by hot-pressing the comrades against each other, the composite wire 14 with a semicircular cross section is placed in advance on the side where the projection 15 is to be formed.
Another advantage is that precious metal can be saved by reducing the thickness of the outer layer or by coating the base material with a material different from the precious metal on the contact surface.
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]
第１図ａ乃至ｅは従来の複合電気接点材料の製
造方法の工程を示す図、第２図ａ乃至ｆは本発明
の複合材料の製造方法の工程を示す図である。
１０……卑金属の線材、１１……貴金属の帯
材、１１′……貴金属、１２……断面半円形の複
合線材、１３……フラツト面、１４……断面円形
の複合線材、１５……プロジエクシヨン、１６…
…複合材料。
1A to 1E are diagrams showing the steps of a conventional method for manufacturing a composite electrical contact material, and FIGS. 2A to 2F are diagrams showing the steps of the method for manufacturing a composite material of the present invention. 10...Base metal wire, 11...Precious metal strip, 11'...Precious metal, 12...Composite wire with semicircular cross section, 13...Flat surface, 14...Composite wire with circular cross section, 15...Project Exsion, 16...
…Composite materials.