JPH01210174A - Plasma arc torch - Google Patents
Plasma arc torchInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01210174A JPH01210174A JP63032229A JP3222988A JPH01210174A JP H01210174 A JPH01210174 A JP H01210174A JP 63032229 A JP63032229 A JP 63032229A JP 3222988 A JP3222988 A JP 3222988A JP H01210174 A JPH01210174 A JP H01210174A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- orifice member
- arc
- electrode
- working gas
- plasma
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 8
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〈産業上の利用分野〉
本発明は、プラズマアークにより波加工物を加工するた
めのプラズマアークトーチに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a plasma arc torch for processing a wave-processed workpiece using a plasma arc.
ｆｉｔこ詳細には、酸素を主成分とするプラズマアーク
形成用ガス、即ち作動ガスを用いるプラズマアークトー
チに関する。In particular, the present invention relates to a plasma arc torch using a plasma arc forming gas, ie, a working gas, containing oxygen as a main component.
〈従来の技術〉
一般Ｉζ、プラズマアークトーチにおいては、加工用の
電極と波加工物との間に電力を供給すると共に、適宜の
プラズマアーク形成用ガスをプラズマ用のオリフィス部
材から噴射させてプラズマジェットを発生させ、このプ
ラズマジェットにより波加工物の加工を行っている。<Prior art> In a general Iζ plasma arc torch, electric power is supplied between a processing electrode and a wave-processed workpiece, and an appropriate plasma arc forming gas is injected from a plasma orifice member to generate plasma. A jet is generated, and the corrugated workpiece is processed using this plasma jet.
即ち、第２図（Ａｌに示されるごとく、加工用の電極１
とプラズマ用のオリフィス部材３とを相互−ζ電気絶縁
的醗ζ配設し、まず、加工に先だって、電極１とオリフ
ィス部材３とに電力を供給して、いわゆるパイロットア
ークを発生させ、この後、第２図（Ｂｌに示されるごと
く加工時に電極１と波加工物４との間に電力を供給して
電極１と波加工物４との間昏ζメインアークを発生させ
ている。この場合、パイロットアークの発生と相前後し
て適宜の作動ガスが電極１とオリフィス部材３との間に
供給さｎ、この作動ガスにより狭搾されたメインアーク
をオリフィス部材３のプラズマ流噴出孔から波加工物側
に噴出させつつ、プラズマアーク加工が行われている。That is, as shown in FIG. 2 (Al), the processing electrode 1
and an orifice member 3 for plasma are arranged in an electrically insulating manner, and first, prior to machining, power is supplied to the electrode 1 and orifice member 3 to generate a so-called pilot arc. , As shown in Figure 2 (Bl), power is supplied between the electrode 1 and the corrugated workpiece 4 during machining to generate a main arc between the electrode 1 and the corrugated workpiece 4. In this case. , a suitable working gas is supplied between the electrode 1 and the orifice member 3 in parallel with the generation of the pilot arc, and the main arc narrowed by this working gas is caused to wave from the plasma flow outlet of the orifice member 3. Plasma arc processing is performed while ejecting the gas toward the workpiece.
勿論、パイロットアークの発生を確実に行うために給電
回路に適宜の高周波発生装置が併設されている。上記に
おいて長時間の加工作業が行なえるようにするため、オ
リフィス部材の長寿命化が望まれている。Of course, in order to ensure the generation of the pilot arc, an appropriate high frequency generator is also provided in the power supply circuit. In order to be able to perform long-time machining operations in the above-mentioned process, it is desired that the life of the orifice member be extended.
従来、アルゴンを主成分とする作動ガスを用いるプラズ
マアークトーチにおいて、電気抵抗率が約３Ｘ１０−’
Ω・個のグラファイトにより形成されたすりフイス部材
が使用されている。上記抵抗率とすることによりオリフ
ィス部材の抵抗発熱を極力減少させて、オリフィス部材
の長寿命化が図られていた。Conventionally, in a plasma arc torch that uses a working gas mainly composed of argon, the electrical resistivity is approximately 3X10-'
A pick-up member made of graphite of Ω· is used. By setting the above resistivity, the resistance heat generation of the orifice member is reduced as much as possible, and the life of the orifice member is extended.
〈発明が解決しようとする問題点〉
ところで、アルゴンを主成分とする、いわゆる不活性ガ
スは高価であるため、Ｉｎ２索を主成分とする、いわゆ
る活性ガスが作動ガスとして多用される傾向にあるが、
このように酸素を主成分とする作動ガスを用いて上記プ
ラズマアークトーチＩこより加工を行なったところ、加
工中に、加工により発生して波加工物４の表面に付着し
た溶着金属あるいは波加工物４とオリフィス部材３とが
接触した場合、電気抵抗が約３Ｘ１０−’Ω・αのグラ
ファイトよりなるオリフィス部材３では、オリフィス部
材３の電気抵抗が小さいため、電極１とオリフィス部材
３との間に、いわゆるダブルアークが発生した。一般１
こプラズマアーク加工時に供給される電力はパイロット
アーク発生時の電力よりも極めて大きいため、加工時に
ダブルアークが発生した場合、この高温のアークにより
上記オリフィス部材３が局部的に損傷する。しかも、作
動ガスの内の酸素がグラファイトよりなるオリフィス部
材３の損傷を助長するため、酸素を主成分とする作動ガ
スを用いるプラズマアーク加工作業時に、電気抵抗率が
約３Ｘ１０−’Ω・１のグラファイトよりなるオリフィ
ス部材３を用いた場合、該オリフィス部材３の長寿命化
を図ることができなかった。<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> By the way, since so-called inert gases mainly composed of argon are expensive, so-called active gases mainly composed of In2 tend to be frequently used as working gases. but,
When machining was performed using the plasma arc torch I using a working gas containing oxygen as a main component, welded metal or corrugated material that was generated during machining and adhered to the surface of the corrugated material 4 was removed. When the orifice member 3 contacts the electrode 1 and the orifice member 3, the orifice member 3 is made of graphite and has an electrical resistance of about 3×10-'Ω・α. , a so-called double arc occurred. General 1
Since the electric power supplied during plasma arc machining is much larger than the electric power when the pilot arc is generated, if a double arc is generated during machining, the orifice member 3 will be locally damaged by this high temperature arc. Moreover, since oxygen in the working gas promotes damage to the orifice member 3 made of graphite, the electrical resistivity is approximately 3×10-'Ω・1 during plasma arc processing using a working gas mainly composed of oxygen. When the orifice member 3 made of graphite was used, it was not possible to extend the life of the orifice member 3.
ぐ問題点を解決するための手段〉
本発明に係るプラズマアークトーチは、加工用の電極と
プラズマ用のオリフィス部材との間にパイロットアーク
を発生させ、加工時に、酸素を主成分とする作動ガスを
用いて前記電極と波加工物との間にプラズマアークを発
生させるプラズマア番こより形成したことを特徴とする
。Means for Solving the Problems> The plasma arc torch according to the present invention generates a pilot arc between a processing electrode and a plasma orifice member, and during processing, a working gas containing oxygen as a main component is used. The present invention is characterized in that it is formed from a plasma arc that generates a plasma arc between the electrode and the corrugated workpiece.
〈実施例〉 以Ｆ、本発明を図示の実施例により詳細に説明する。<Example> Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail by means of illustrated embodiments.
第１図において、１は図示しないトーチ本体の軸芯端部
に支持さｉｔた銅又は銅合金よりなる加工用の電極で、
電極１の長寿命化を図るために、従来公知のごとく、先
端部に高融点の挿入体２が設けられている。、３は電気
抵抗率の大きい１例えば、１１Ｘ１０−４Ω・ｌの等方
性グラファイト１こより形成されたプラズマ用のオリフ
ィス部材である。例えば、このオリフィス部材３を電気
抵抗率が１１×１０−４Ω・αの等方性電気黒鉛質によ
り形成した。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a processing electrode made of copper or copper alloy and supported at the axial end of the torch body (not shown).
In order to extend the life of the electrode 1, a high melting point insert 2 is provided at the tip, as is known in the art. , 3 is an orifice member for plasma formed from isotropic graphite having a high electrical resistivity, for example, 11×10 −4 Ω·l. For example, the orifice member 3 was formed of isotropic electrographite having an electrical resistivity of 11×10 −4 Ω·α.
上記オリフィス部材３以外は従来と同様であって、電極
１とオリフィス部材３との間１こ酸素を主成分とする作
動ガスを供給し、電極１とオリフィス部材３との間に電
力を供給してパイロツトア−りを発生させ、加工時に、
電極１と波加工物４との間に電力を供給してメインアー
クを発生させ、かつメインアークの発生後はパイロット
アーク用の給電を停止させる。Components other than the orifice member 3 described above are the same as conventional ones, and a working gas containing oxygen as a main component is supplied between the electrode 1 and the orifice member 3, and electric power is supplied between the electrode 1 and the orifice member 3. During machining, a pilot stroke is generated.
Electric power is supplied between the electrode 1 and the corrugated workpiece 4 to generate a main arc, and after the main arc is generated, power supply for the pilot arc is stopped.
なお、上記オリフィス部材３の電気抵抗率が１１ｘ ｉ
ｏ−’Ω・σであるため、パイロットアークの発生に
ついて懸念されるかもしれないが、従来と同様に高周波
発生装置が用いられているため、確実にパイロットアー
クが発生する。Note that the electrical resistivity of the orifice member 3 is 11 x i
Since it is o-'Ω·σ, there may be concern about the occurrence of a pilot arc, but since a high frequency generator is used as in the past, a pilot arc is definitely generated.
また、プラズマアークの発生時に作動ガスによりメイン
アークが狭搾されるから、酸素を主成分とする作動ガス
供給時１こ上記オリフィス部材３がメインアーク番こよ
り損傷さＪＬることはない。Further, since the main arc is constricted by the working gas when the plasma arc is generated, the orifice member 3 is not damaged by the main arc when the working gas containing oxygen as a main component is supplied.
勿論、加工の進行と共ＩＣ＠極１が溶融しても、この溶
融物は黒鉛よりなるオリフィス部材３Ｉこ付着し難いた
め作動ガスと共にトーチの外部に流出する。Of course, even if the IC@electrode 1 melts as processing progresses, this melt will not easily adhere to the orifice member 3I made of graphite and will flow out of the torch together with the working gas.
ところで、上記加工時には、オリフィス部材３と波加工
物４とが接触しても、即ち電気的Ｇζ短絡してもダブル
アークの発生がみられず、表１１こ示すようにすりフイ
ス部材３の耐久性が向上した。By the way, during the above processing, even if the orifice member 3 and the corrugated workpiece 4 come into contact, that is, even if there is an electrical G sex has improved.
表 １
（注）
・被切断材・・・軟鋼、板厚１２Ｍｍ＋・１回当りの切
断長さ・・・１ ｍ１回（切断電流・・・７０Ａ）
・プラズマ作動ガス・・・酸素
これはオリフィス部材３がｌｌＸｌ０”−’Ω・１とい
う大きい電気抵抗率を有しているためと考えらｎる。な
お、電気抵抗率が−ＸＩＯ−４Ω・備 の等号グラファ
イトにより形成したオリフィス部材３を用いた場合も、
同様にダブルアークの発生が見られなかった。Table 1 (Note) ・Material to be cut: Mild steel, plate thickness 12mm+ ・Cut length per time: 1 m 1 time (cutting current: 70A) ・Plasma working gas: Oxygen This is an orifice This is thought to be because the member 3 has a large electrical resistivity of 11X10''-'Ω・1.In addition, the orifice member 3 made of equal sign graphite with an electrical resistivity of −XIO−4Ω・Even when used,
Similarly, no double arc was observed.
〈発明の効果〉
以上の説明で明らかなように、作動ガスとして低廉な酸
素を主成分とするガスを使用すると共ｌご、電気抵抗率
が９×１０ Ω・１以上の等方性グラファイトより形成
したプラズマ用のオリフィス部材を設けたプラズマアー
クトーチを用いてプラズマアーク加工作業を行った際に
、ダブルアークが発生することなく円滑に加工を行うこ
とができる。<Effects of the Invention> As is clear from the above explanation, when an inexpensive gas containing oxygen as the main component is used as the working gas, the electrical resistivity of When performing plasma arc processing using a plasma arc torch provided with the formed orifice member for plasma, processing can be performed smoothly without generating double arcs.
すなわち、プラズマ用のオリフィス部材の長寿命化によ
りトーチの補修周期が長くなると共に低廉な酸素を主成
分とする作動ガスが使用できるため。That is, by extending the life of the orifice member for plasma, the repair cycle of the torch becomes longer, and an inexpensive working gas mainly composed of oxygen can be used.
プラズマアーク加工のためのランニングコストが低廉化
する。Running costs for plasma arc processing are reduced.
第１図は本発明の対象とするプラズマアークトーチの縦
断面図、第２回置および第２図（Ｂ）は、夫々第１図に
示されるトーチを用いた加工状態説明図である。
１・・・加工用の電極、３・・・プラズマ用のオリフィ
ス部材。
代理人 弁理士 中 井 宏FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the plasma arc torch to which the present invention is applied, and FIG. 1... Electrode for processing, 3... Orifice member for plasma. Agent Patent Attorney Hiroshi Nakai
Claims (1)
にパイロットアークを発生させ、加工時に、酸素を主成
分とする作動ガスを用いて前記電極と波加工物との間に
プラズマアークを発生させるプラズマアークトーチにお
いて、前記オリフィス部材は電気抵抗率が９×１０＾−
＾４Ω・ｃｍ以上の等方性グラファイトにより形成され
てなるプラズマアークトーチ。1. A pilot arc is generated between the processing electrode and the plasma orifice member, and during processing, a plasma arc is generated between the electrode and the wave-processed workpiece using a working gas whose main component is oxygen. In the plasma arc torch, the orifice member has an electrical resistivity of 9×10^-
A plasma arc torch made of isotropic graphite with a resistance of 4Ω/cm or more.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63032229A JPH01210174A (en) | 1988-02-15 | 1988-02-15 | Plasma arc torch |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63032229A JPH01210174A (en) | 1988-02-15 | 1988-02-15 | Plasma arc torch |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01210174A true JPH01210174A (en) | 1989-08-23 |
Family
ID=12353141
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63032229A Pending JPH01210174A (en) | 1988-02-15 | 1988-02-15 | Plasma arc torch |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01210174A (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS51135859A (en) * | 1975-04-17 | 1976-11-25 | Gen Atomic Co | Orifice tip end for plasma arc welding or cutting torch |
-
1988
- 1988-02-15 JP JP63032229A patent/JPH01210174A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS51135859A (en) * | 1975-04-17 | 1976-11-25 | Gen Atomic Co | Orifice tip end for plasma arc welding or cutting torch |
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