JPH01197104A - Suspension device for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make a steering wheel towed in and secure the running stability by dividing a wheel supporting member into halves, coupling them around an oscillating axis which extends in the vehicle width direction, and tilting the oscillating axis against the rotating center line of the steering wheel. CONSTITUTION:A knuckle 1 which supports a steering wheel 10 through a spindle 9 is divided into halves, i.e. an upper knuckle 1A and a lower knuckle 1B. On the other hand, respective inside ends of the upper and lower suspension arms 2 and 3 are coupled with a body 6 through respective elastic bushings 4 and 5. Respective outside ends of the upper and lower suspension arms 2 and 3 are also coupled with respective upper and lower ends of respective upper and lower knuckles 1A and 1B through respective ball joints 7 and 8. At this time, respective upper and lower knuckles 1A and 1B are mutually coupled above the spindle 9 through a plural number of ball joints 32 and 33. An oscillating axis beta which couples respective ball joints 32 and 33 is also tilted by a predetermined angle theta1 against the rotating center line alpha of the steering wheel 10.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a suspension device for a vehicle that supports steering wheels.

(Prior art) A suspension device that supports a steered wheel has a knuckle as a wheel support member that is supported by a suspension arm on the vehicle body in a vertically movable and steerable manner, and the steered wheel is attached to this knuckle. The knuckle further includes a knuckle arm.

When the steering force is applied manually, the steered wheels are steered.

By the way, in the case of a medium-thickness suspension system, it is desired that the wheels be able to move relatively easily in the front and rear direction when the rear suspension is applied, in order to ensure steering stability and ride comfort. Conversely, it is desirable to prevent the wheels from moving on their own when subjected to lateral forces. This is also required when the wheel is a steered wheel, from the viewpoint of 3°
This is a suspension device that makes it easy to move, but difficult to move in the lateral direction, that is, in the narrow direction.
1itj4.155,566 and 2.882.065
Something like this has been proposed. Each of these U.S. patent specifications J
) All of the listed items split the knuckle into 1 t+
In addition to having a two-part configuration with 7 barrels and an upper split knuckle,
This split knuckle at the bottom of the F is made of elastic material to make it soft and horizontal in the front and back direction.

It is bonded so that it becomes hard in the opposite direction.

More specifically, US patent specification q1. For +55°566, a spindle (mounting part of the steering wheel) and a knuckle arm are installed on the upper splitter, and the jlj
A connecting shaft extending inward in the width direction is formed, and the lower end of the one-segment knuckle is rotatably connected to this connecting shaft. A support cylinder is integrally formed in the upper split knuckle so as to surround the lower end of the above-mentioned two-part knuckle, and an elastic member is interposed between the support cylinder and the upper split knuckle. As a result, the upper divided knuckle can easily swing around the connecting shaft within the range of elastic deformation of the elastic member, while the upper divided knuckle is less likely to tilt with respect to the axis of the connecting shaft. There is. In other words,
- The fact that the upper split knuckle is likely to swing around the connecting shaft means that the steered wheel can easily move forward and backward when subjected to longitudinal force, and the upper split knuckle is also likely to swing around the connecting shaft. versus.

The fact that it is difficult to tilt means that the lateral movement of the steered wheels when subjected to lateral force is restricted.

In addition, the above-mentioned U.S. Patent Specification No. 2,882,065 also has a knuckle consisting of a two-part knuckle and an upper split knuckle.
The upper split knuckle is provided with a spindle and a knuckle arm, and also has a connecting shaft extending inward in the vehicle width direction. The lower end of the two-part knuckle is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft, and a support part is provided to surround the upper part knuckle at least from the front and rear directions. Elastic members are interposed between the upper and L-divided ribs, that is, on both sides of the upper-divided knuckle.

As a result, as in US Pat. No. 4,155.566, relative change in the lateral direction is restricted while allowing the two-part knuckle to swing with respect to the upper knuckle.

In the seventh US patent specification, the upper split knuckle is connected to the vehicle body via a suspension arm, and the upper split knuckle is connected to the vehicle body via a lower suspension arm.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Recently, from various viewpoints, it has become possible to actively cause a toe-in change or suppress a toe-out change in the steered wheels when passing through a gap in the road surface or during braking. desired.

To explain this point in detail, regardless of whether the steered wheels are the front wheels or the rear wheels (in the case of four-wheel steering), toe-in is applied to ensure driving stability when passing through gaps in the road surface or when driving. It is effective to do so. Additionally, due to suspension geometry settings, the tendency of the steered wheels to toe out may be accentuated when passing through gaps in the road surface or during braking, but it is desirable to not counteract this tendency to toe out (suppression of toe changes). ,.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned technical circumstances, and consists of a wheel support member that supports a steered wheel as two divided bodies in order to ensure ride comfort, and provides 1) 1) proposals. By using the extremely simple f method of adding an L force to the coupling mode of these two divided bodies, it is possible to produce a favorable 1-in change in the steered wheel when passing through a gap in the road surface or during braking. An object of the present invention is to provide a suspension device for a vehicle.

(Means and operations for solving the problems) In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention has the following configuration. That is, the wheel support member that supports the steered wheel has a steering wheel attachment portion, a first split wheel support member that is connected to the vehicle body via the suspension arm, and a first split wheel support member that is connected to the vehicle body via the suspension arm. A second split wheel (constructed as a two-piece split body with a wheel support member) connected to [)? 1. Both the first and second divided wheel support members are connected to each other so as to be able to swing around a predetermined swing axis extending substantially in the narrow width direction, and 1i1) The steered wheel steering portion is displaced rearward. The heavy wheel swing axis is inclined with respect to the rotational center line of the steered wheels so that the steered wheels sometimes toe-in.

With such a configuration, since the pivot axis and the rotation center line of the steered wheel are set to be inclined, the steered wheel is displaced rearward, that is, pivots backward about the predetermined pivot axis. When this happens, the camber will change and the toe-in will change.

More specifically, in order to achieve toe-in, the case where the attachment part of the steered wheel is provided on the first divided support member is +iiT, and the swing axis in 1- is set relative to the rotation center line of the steered wheel. Then, it may be set so that it becomes lower toward the outside in the vehicle width direction (downward toward the outside) or positioned toward the front as toward the outside in the river width direction (outward [1; ■ direction).

(Example) Examples of the present invention will be described below based on the attached drawings.

In Figures 1 and 2, 1 is a knuckle as a small wheel support member, and this is the first division 1 [(L as a wheel support member).
It has a two-part structure including a divided knuckle IA and a lower divided knuckle IB serving as a second part middle wheel support member. Also,
2 is a seven suspension arm, 3 is a lower suspension arm, and the two pieces 2 and 33 are respectively 1) so-called A-type arms extending in the width direction. These seven suspension arms 2.3 each have bifurcated inner ends in the narrow width direction that are attached to the vehicle body 6 through elastic bushes 4 or 5, centering on an axis C1 or C2 extending in the longitudinal direction. Rotatably connected. The outer end of the upper suspension arm 2 in the [■ width direction] is connected to the split knuckle IAF end via the ball joint 7, and the LFi outer end of the upper suspension arm 3 in the width direction is
It is connected to the lower end of the lower divided knuckle IB via a ball joint 8.

A spindle 9 extending outward in the narrow width direction is protruded from the one-split knuckle IA, and a steered wheel IO serving as one wheel is rotatably mounted around the spindle 9 as a rotation center. There is.

In addition, in the embodiment, the case where the steered wheel lO is a driven wheel is small. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the upper split knuckle IA has a knuckle arm 1) projecting from its lower end that extends in the rearward direction of EYj, and a ball joint I2 at the tip of this knuckle arm 1). A tie rod 13, which constitutes a part of the steering mechanism, is connected via.

The +1 split knuckle 1△ and the do split socle I 13 are connected in the following manner. First, the lower end of the upper split knuckle IA has a fork-shaped part, and is lower than the spindle 9. It is connected to the lower split knuckle IB via an elastic bushing 31 at a slightly lower position, and two ball joints 32 are connected at the 1- side of the spindle 9.
．． 33 to the lower split knuckle IB.

The bifurcated portion of the upper split knuckle 1△ sandwiches the upper split knuckle 13 with play in the front-rear direction relative to the upper split knuckle 1B, and both sides are separated by the amount of this play. The knuckle IA and 1) 3 can easily move in the 01) rearward direction. In addition, the elastic bushing 31 has its axial center aligned in the approximately front-rear direction, and is hard in its radial direction and soft in its axial direction. Incidentally, since the elastic bushing itself having such characteristics has been well known for a long time, a detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.

The two ball joints 32.3; 5 are spaced apart in the narrow width direction, and the ball joint 3 located on the outside
The straight line β that spherically connects these two ball joints 32 and 3:'S, where 2 is located at a slightly lower position than the ball joint 33 located on the inside, becomes the predetermined swing axis, and this The swing axis β is set to be inclined by an inclination angle θl (θ1>0°) with respect to the rotation center line a of the steered wheels, that is, to become lower toward the outside in the vehicle width direction. When viewed from the V plane as shown in FIG. 3, the a-ray and the beta-ray are in the LT and IL lines.

The connection between the split wheel support members IA and IB by the ball joints 32 and 33 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 3. First, each hole joint 32
(33) represents the spherical portion 32a (33a) and the spherical portion 32
a (33a) and an integral shaft portion 32b (33b). This spherical part: 32 a (: 33 a) is
Recess 34 (3
5) It is fitted in such a way that it can rotate without rattling and cannot come off. Moreover, the shaft portion 32b (33b) is
A nut 36 (37) passes through the upper divided wheel support member IB without rattling and is screwed onto the shaft portion 32b (33b).
It is [hidden] by. Note that 38 (39) is a dust boot.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be explained. Now, consider a case where there is an input to the rear of the steering wheel 10. In this case, a rearward external force acts on the spindle 9. At this time, the spindle 9 is displaced rearward while the wheel support member 1 is deformed into a dogleg shape so as to be convex rearward about the swing axis β when viewed from the lateral direction. On the contrary, the steering wheel! If there is a forward human force at 0, the spindle 9 is oscillated in the +iT direction. In this way, the spindle 9, that is, the steering wheel l
By displacing O to the rear or to the rear, transmission of a large impact to the vehicle body 6 is prevented and ride comfort is improved.

Now, let's consider when passing through a gap in the road surface or when braking. In this case, as a result of a rearward external force acting on the spindle 9, the spindle 9 is displaced rearward, and at the same time, is oscillated rearward relative to the oscillation axis β. In this case, the camber of the steered wheel 10 is changed toward the positive camber direction and toward the toe-in direction by setting the above-mentioned inclinations of the α ray and the β ray. This ensures running stability. Further, in a case where the suspension geometry tends to cause a toe-out tendency when the steered wheels 10 are displaced rearward, this toe-out tendency is canceled.

EXAMPLE 1 FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention, and the same reference numerals are used for the same constituent prefectures as in the previous embodiment, and the explanation thereof will be omitted.

In this embodiment, the swing axis β is set as follows with respect to the rotation center line a.
As you move outward in the width direction of the vehicle, it will be located at the front.
It is inclined by an inclination angle θ2 <f32>Oo). In this embodiment as well, similarly to the first embodiment, the steered wheel lO is toe-in when passing through a gap in the road surface and during braking, and the camber is changed to the negative camber direction. Of course, the inclination angle θl shown in FIG. 1 may be present or absent (the α rays and the β rays are in the iI′ line).

Although the embodiments have been described above, the present invention can be similarly applied even when the rear wheels are the steered wheels (for example, in the case of a four-wheel steering system) or when the steered wheels are the drive wheels. . Further, the -hi suspension arm 2 may be of a strut type.

(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the above-1-statement, the present invention effectively releases the longitudinal force exerted manually on the steering wheel and improves ride comfort.
1-, the toe-in of the steered wheels can be changed when passing through a gap in the road surface or during braking.

In particular, the toe-in change described in (h) only requires the predetermined connection of the two split middle wheel support members to ensure ride comfort, so the structure is simple i) 1 and the suspension geometry is set. It also increases the degree of freedom in the process.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a 1E diagram, and FIG. 2 is a side view. . FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line A shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 3, showing a second embodiment of the present invention. l: Knuckle (wheel support member) 1A split knuckle (first split wheel support member) lB: Undivided knuckle (second split 1j, wheel support member) 2: Seven suspension arms 3: Lower suspension arm 6: Vehicle body 9 Nisbintle (Steering wheel attachment part) 10: Steering wheel 31: Elastic bushing 32. 33: Ball joint (for oscillating axis configuration) a: Rotation center line β: oscillating axis Fig. 1 L, -1 Fig. 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A wheel support member that supports a steered wheel has a first split wheel support member that has a steering wheel attachment portion and is connected to the vehicle body via an upper suspension arm, and a first split wheel support member that is coupled to the vehicle body via a lower suspension arm. and a second split wheel support member, the first and second split wheel support members being able to swing about a predetermined swing axis extending substantially in the vehicle width direction. a vehicle, characterized in that the swing axis is inclined with respect to the rotational center line of the steered wheel so that the steered wheel toe-in when the attachment portion of the steered wheel is displaced rearward. suspension equipment.