JPH01192807A - Sheet material for operation - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a sheet material resistant to the permeation of attached liquid into the sheet, having high gas-permeability and suitable for gown, mask, etc., for surgical operation, by laminating a sheet composed of water-absorbing fiber and a sheet composed of a specific ultrafine hydrophobic fiber. CONSTITUTION:The objective sheet material is a laminate of a sheet 1 composed of water-absorbing fibers and a sheet 3 composed of ultrafine hydrophobic fibers having an average fiber diameter of 0.1-5.0mum and a porosity of 50-80%. The porosity is defined by the formula. The laminate is laminated to the surface of a cotton fiber sheet 4 in the case of necessitating a relatively high strength, e.g., for operating gown. The lamination can be carried out by using an adhesive 2.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] <Industrial application field> The present invention relates to surgical sheet materials.

More specifically, it is a surgical sheet material that does not allow bodily fluids, blood, etc. to penetrate into the sheet, has good air permeability, and is easy to handle.

<Conventional technology> Surgical sheet materials are used as the main materials for gowns, caps, masks, drapes, etc. used during surgeries in hospitals, etc. Depending on the purpose, they can be water repellent or alcohol repellent. properties, water absorption, antistatic properties, breathability, etc.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, sheet materials for surgical operations have been made of sheet materials made of fibers that have good water repellency, good antistatic properties, and the like. In addition, by wearing a gown, etc., when water or blood is splashed during surgery, the water or blood will not be scattered around.
Some gowns require water absorbency and water resistance to prevent water and blood from adhering to the surface of the gown and penetrating the gown from adhering to the wearer's skin. Examples of such items include the front part of a gown and a drape, and sheet-like materials made of fibers with good water absorption, impermeable film-like materials, and sheet-like materials made of fibers with good antistatic properties. A structure in which these are laminated in order is used.

However, ordinary fibers with good water repellency and antistatic properties (
In a sheet-like material consisting of fibers with a diameter of 10 to 100 μm,
Because the fiber diameter is large and the spaces between the fibers are large, the water pressure resistance is low, and if water or blood adheres to this sheet during a long surgery, it cannot completely block out water or blood. Penetration occurs into the sheet. Therefore, when the above-mentioned sheet-like material is used for a gown or the like, there is a problem in that saliva and the like adhere to the skin of the wearer of the gown, making it easy for bacterial infection to occur.

In addition, among conventional products, in which a sheet-like material made of fibers with good water absorption, a film-like material that does not pass water, etc., and a sheet-like material made of fibers with good antistatic properties are laminated in order, the intermediate layer Since a film-like material is usually used that is not breathable, wearing drapes etc. using this film causes stuffiness and is extremely uncomfortable to wear, and it also causes stuffiness on gowns. Therefore, only the front part can be used,
There was also the problem that sewing was time-consuming, so there was a desire to develop something that was water-absorbent, water-resistant, and breathable.

Margin below〈Problems to be solved by the invention〉 In view of the above problems, the present inventors have developed a method for absorbing blood, etc. on a gown, etc., without scattering it, and for the absorbed blood to be transferred to the wearer's skin. As a result of intensive research into a surgical sheet material that prevents contact with the I-O and does not swell when worn, the present invention was completed. , the first layer is a sheet or sheet made of water-absorbing fibers, and the second layer is a sheet made of ultrafine hydrophobic fibers with an average fiber diameter of 0.1 to 5.0 μm and a porosity of 50 to 80 cm. This is a surgical sheet material characterized in that it is a shaped material.

In the present invention, the second layer of sheet-like material made of ultrafine hydrophobic fibers has an average fiber diameter of 0.1 to 5.0 μm and a porosity of 50 to 80%. When the average fiber diameter exceeds 5.0 μm and the porosity is 50 or more, the fibers are thick, so if the porosity is the same as that of thin fibers, the voids between the fibers become large, and the object of the present invention is achieved. Therefore, the water resistance is JIS L 10925.1.
．． The IA method requires 2001IaH, 0 or more. In addition, if the average fiber diameter exceeds 5.0 μm and the porosity is less than 50 μm, the voids between the fibers are small, but the air permeability is insufficient (
To achieve the purpose of the present invention, JIS L10966.2
7.1 Method A requires 20 cC/cP1/SeC' or more 0) When used in gowns, etc., it causes problems such as swelling.

Furthermore, it is difficult to produce ultrafine fibers with an average fiber diameter smaller than 0.1 μm.

The porosity of the second layer sheet of the present invention is 50 to 80, and the porosity α is defined by the following formula.

α = (apparent density - true density) / apparent density x 100 (
%) Even if the average fiber diameter is 0.1 to 5.0 μm, if the porosity exceeds 80 μm, the spacing between the fibers becomes large and the fiber does not have sufficient water pressure resistance to achieve the object of the present invention. If the porosity is less than 50, the fiber spacing may be small, but the breathability will be insufficient, causing problems such as stuffiness when used in gowns, etc.

In the present invention, the second layer of sheet-like material made of hydrophobic fibers is a nonwoven fabric made of fibers such as polyolefin fibers, polyester fibers, or composite fibers of these fibers. Examples of methods for producing nonwoven fabrics include melt blowing, flash spinning, and the like. In particular, sheet materials made of ultra-fine polypropylene fibers have high water pressure resistance and are suitable for use in the present invention, but if the water pressure resistance is insufficient, the objective of the present invention can be achieved by adding a water repellent. Examples of water repellents that can provide sufficient water pressure resistance include fluorine-based finishing agents, and the adhesion rate is 0.01 to 1.0.
Weight % is appropriate.

In the present invention, the basis weight of the second layer sheet is 8 to 40t/r.
l is desirable. If the fabric weight exceeds 40 t/rl, the breathability will decrease, and if a gown or the like made of the same is worn, stuffiness will occur, which is not preferable. Further, when the basis weight is less than 82β, the amount of fibers to be released is small, so the voids between the fibers become large, and the material does not have sufficient water pressure resistance to achieve the object of the present invention.

Further, since the second layer uses ultrafine fibers, it has many fine fluffs, so it is preferable to use the third layer for a surgical sheet that is often worn directly on the bare skin. These materials and
The method of forming the sheet into a sheet is not particularly limited. Nonwoven fabrics made of hydrophilic fibers such as cotton cupra and rayon, or hydrophobic fibers such as polyolefin fibers, polyamide fibers, and polyester fibers are used. The basis weight of a sheet made of these fibers is 40 f/rr? The following are appropriate. 40? When /d is exceeded, the sheet becomes thicker;
It is hard and has poor drape properties, and when used in gowns, it feels uncomfortable to wear, so it is not preferred as a surgical sheet material. On both sides of a sheet made of ultra-fine hydrophobic fibers,
By disposing a sheet made of this fiber, the ultrafine hydrophobic fiber sheet can be easily handled and various fibers can be added thereto.

The present invention is characterized in that the sheet-like material of the first layer of fibers in the surgical sheet material has water absorbency.
In the IA method, 5 seconds or less is appropriate.

This measurement method measures the time it takes for one drop of water to penetrate, but if it exceeds 5 seconds, the ability to quickly absorb water and blood, which is the objective of the present invention, will be insufficient, which is not preferable. As a method for imparting water absorption, hydrophilic fibers can be used as they are, and hydrophobic fibers can be imparted with a suitable surfactant, such as fatty acid ether-based processing agents, phosphate ester-based processing agents. Agent etc'i 0.05-5. O
0 which can be used by adhering with an adhesion rate of about q/D.
When the sheet material of the present invention is used, for example, in a gown, if the first layer is used as the outer layer, even if water or blood is splashed during surgery, the water or blood can be prevented from scattering into the interior of the operating room. , and can be quickly absorbed by the outer layer of the gown. Furthermore, since the second layer of the surgical sheet material of the present invention is made of a sheet material made of ultra-fine hydrophobic fibers, water and blood absorbed in the outer layer cannot penetrate into the inner layer. The gown does not get the wearer's skin wet and is comfortable to wear.
Furthermore, since the patient's blood does not come into contact with the wearer's skin, it also has the effect of preventing bacterial infection through blood.

When hydrophobic fibers are used in the first layer and the surfactant has water absorption properties, it is preferable to prevent the surfactant from transferring to the second layer. To do this, the first and second layers
It is necessary to change the material of the layer and use a surfactant that is effective only in the first layer, or to use a surfactant that does not flow off the fibers with water when it is splashed with water. If the surfactant does not transfer to the second layer, water resistance will not deteriorate and good performance can be maintained for a long time.

The method of adhering the first and second layers or the second and third layers of the surgical sheet material of the present invention may be any method as long as it does not reduce the water pressure resistance of the second layer. good. For example, a method using a hot-melt adhesive, a method of partially fusing with a heated embossing roll, etc. are used.

However, when joining fibers by interlacing, if the water-absorbing fibers of the first layer become entangled with the second or third layer,
This is not preferable because it lowers the water pressure resistance of the second layer.

In order to make the surgical sheet material of the present invention easier to handle and more comfortable to wear when used in gowns, etc., it is desirable to have good antistatic properties when the fibers in the third layer are hydrophobic fibers. It is desirable to add gender. The degree of antistatic property is 20℃4
It is preferably 100 OV or less (the friction cloth is cotton cloth) by the method shown in JIS L1094 0 method in an atmosphere of 0% RH. Further, as a method for imparting antistatic properties, it is preferable to use a suitable antistatic properties imparting finishing agent, such as a fatty acid ester type finishing agent, a quaternary ammonium salt type finishing agent, or the like. In the present invention, compared to the conventional case of imparting water repellency and antistatic properties, which are contradictory properties, to a sheet-like material made of a single fiber,
Since the second layer of the three-layer structure has water resistance, the third layer only needs to provide antistatic properties, so it is possible to provide a higher level of antistatic properties than before.

<Example> Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to Examples.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the examples.

The measurement method used in the examples is shown below.

Water absorption: JIS L 10966.26. IA method water pressure resistance: JIS L 10925.1. IA method breathability: JIS L 10966.27. IA method handling: Judging by texture, good ones are marked ○, poor ones are marked ×.

Example 1 A phosphoric acid ester was added to a nonwoven fabric made by the spunbond method in which the first layer (outer layer) of a laminated structure was made of nylon fibers and had a basis weight of 30 f/rrl. The second layer is made of polypropylene fibers, the average fiber diameter is 1.5 μm, the porosity is 7 degrees, and the basis weight is 15 t/rl). It is a non-woven fabric made by the law, and the third layer is made of polypropylene fiber R fiber, and the basis weight is 15.
It is a non-woven fabric made by the spunbond method, which is 1 layer, and between the first layer and the second layer, and the second layer and the third layer, a vinyl copolymer-based hot melt of 5V- is applied on each side. An adhesive was sprayed and bonded by applying heat at 110° C. for 20 seconds in a hot air dryer to obtain a sheet material. The performance measurement results are shown in Table 1.

Examples 2 to 5 The average fiber diameter and porosity of the second layer in Example 1 were
A sheet-like product was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the procedure was as shown in the table and Examples 2 to 5. The performance measurement results are the first
Shown in the table.

Example 6 In Example 1, the material of the second layer is polyester,
A sheet-like article was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the fluorine-based finishing agent was applied by spraying at a deposition rate of 1. The performance measurement results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Examples 1 to 4 Sheet-like products were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the average fiber diameter and porosity of the second layer were as shown in Table 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4. . The performance measurement results are shown in Table 2.

Comparative Example 5 A surgical sheet material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the first layer was a nonwoven fabric to which no water-absorbing finishing agent was attached. The performance measurement results are shown in Table 2.

The following margin <Effects of the invention> The surgical sheet material of the present invention has an average fiber diameter of 0.1 in the second layer.
Because it uses a sheet-like material made of ultrafine hydrophobic fibers with a porosity of ~5.0 μm and a porosity of 50 to 80 inches, it has high water pressure resistance. Therefore, for example, when this sheet material is used for a gown, water splashed during surgery, patient's blood, etc. will not pass through the gown and wet the wearer's skin, making it comfortable to wear. In addition, since each layer of the surgical sheet material of the present invention is composed of a sheet-like material made of fibers, the surgical sheet material does not impair air permeability unlike conventional products using films. The feeling of wearing gowns etc. made of is very good.

Furthermore, since the surgical sheet material of the present invention uses a sheet-like material made of water-absorbing fibers as the first layer, for example, when used for a gown, water and blood splashed during surgery will be absorbed into the operating room. It is quickly absorbed by the outer layer of the gown.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a typical example of the surgical sheet material of the present invention. 1: Sheet made of water-absorbing fibers 2: Adhesive, 3
: Sheet made of ultra-fine hydrophobic fibers, 4: Sheet made of fibers Patent applicant Asahi Kasei Industries, Ltd. Figure 1

Claims (1)

[Claims] In the laminated structure, the first layer is a sheet-like material made of water-absorbing fibers, and the second layer is a sheet-like material made of fibers with an average fiber diameter of 0.1 to 5.
．． A surgical sheet material characterized in that it is a sheet-like material made of ultrafine hydrophobic fibers with a diameter of 0 μm and a porosity of 50 to 80%.