JPH01182830A - Liquid crystal element - Google Patents
Liquid crystal elementInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01182830A JPH01182830A JP640888A JP640888A JPH01182830A JP H01182830 A JPH01182830 A JP H01182830A JP 640888 A JP640888 A JP 640888A JP 640888 A JP640888 A JP 640888A JP H01182830 A JPH01182830 A JP H01182830A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- frequency region
- dielectric anisotropy
- voltage
- frequency
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004986 Cholesteric liquid crystals (ChLC) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- WCLNGBQPTVENHV-MKQVXYPISA-N cholesteryl nonanoate Chemical compound C([C@@H]12)C[C@]3(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)CC[C@H]3[C@@H]1CC=C1[C@]2(C)CC[C@H](OC(=O)CCCCCCCC)C1 WCLNGBQPTVENHV-MKQVXYPISA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 3
- DNJQGRFZQMOYGM-AWEZNQCLSA-N 4-[4-[(2s)-2-methylbutyl]phenyl]benzonitrile Chemical group C1=CC(C[C@@H](C)CC)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C#N)C=C1 DNJQGRFZQMOYGM-AWEZNQCLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPOPAJRDYZGTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=N1 DPOPAJRDYZGTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- DZVCFNFOPIZQKX-LTHRDKTGSA-M merocyanine Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1N(CCCC)C(=O)N(CCCC)C(=O)C1=C\C=C\C=C/1N(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)C2=CC=CC=C2O\1 DZVCFNFOPIZQKX-LTHRDKTGSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
「産業上の利用分野」
本発明は、ゲストホスト方式の液晶素子、特にマルチプ
レックス駆動に適したゲストホスト方式液晶素子に関す
るものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to a guest-host type liquid crystal device, and particularly to a guest-host type liquid crystal device suitable for multiplex driving.
「従来の技術」
ゲストホスト方式の液晶素子として、二色性色素を誘電
異方性が負であるネマティック液晶に添加したゲストホ
スト液晶を、透明電極が設けられ垂直配向処理された２
枚のガラス基板間に封入したものが知られている。``Prior art'' As a guest-host type liquid crystal element, a guest-host liquid crystal in which a dichroic dye is added to a nematic liquid crystal with negative dielectric anisotropy is used as a liquid crystal device with transparent electrodes and vertically aligned.
One is known that is sealed between two glass substrates.
この液晶素子では、電圧印加時には二色性色素が基板に
対して水平方向に配向して光吸収が起こるので透過光が
着色し、電圧無印加時には二色性色素が基板に対して垂
直方向に配向して光の吸収が起こらず、透過光が無色と
なる。従って、この液晶素子は、電圧印加部分が着色す
るポジ表示をなすものとなる。In this liquid crystal element, when a voltage is applied, the dichroic dye is aligned horizontally to the substrate and light absorption occurs, so the transmitted light is colored, and when no voltage is applied, the dichroic dye is aligned vertically to the substrate. Due to the orientation, no light absorption occurs, and the transmitted light becomes colorless. Therefore, this liquid crystal element exhibits a positive display in which the voltage applied portion is colored.
この液晶素子には、■偏光板を用いなくとも良いので表
示を明るくすることができる、■視覚依存性が小さい等
の長所がある。This liquid crystal element has the following advantages: (1) it does not require the use of a polarizing plate, so the display can be made brighter; and (2) it has less visual dependence.
「発明が解決しようとする課題」
ところが、上記従来の液晶素子にあっては、しきい値特
性が急峻でないためマルチプレックス駆動が難しいうえ
、コントラストを付けにくいという問題があった。``Problems to be Solved by the Invention'' However, the conventional liquid crystal element described above has problems in that it is difficult to perform multiplex driving because the threshold characteristic is not steep, and it is difficult to provide contrast.
「課題を解決するための手段」
本発明では、低周波領域において誘電異方性が正で高周
波領域において誘電異方性が負のネマティツク液晶に光
学活性物質を添加して得られるコレステリック液晶と二
色性色素とからなる液晶組成物を、垂直配向処理した液
晶セルに封入することによって、上記課題の解決を図っ
た。"Means for Solving the Problems" In the present invention, a cholesteric liquid crystal obtained by adding an optically active substance to a nematic liquid crystal having a positive dielectric anisotropy in a low frequency region and a negative dielectric anisotropy in a high frequency region. The above problem was solved by encapsulating a liquid crystal composition comprising a chromatic dye in a vertically aligned liquid crystal cell.
本発明の液晶素子で用いられる “低周波領域において
誘電異方性が正で高周波領域において誘電異方性が負の
ネマティック液晶”とは、印加交流電圧の周波数を高く
していくと、誘電異方性が正から負に変化するネマティ
ック液晶である。そのようなネマティック液晶としては
、例えば次の構造式（１）〜（３）で示される液晶や、
それらからなる混合液晶材料を例示することができる。The "nematic liquid crystal with positive dielectric anisotropy in the low frequency region and negative dielectric anisotropy in the high frequency region" used in the liquid crystal element of the present invention means that as the frequency of the applied AC voltage increases, the dielectric anisotropy increases. It is a nematic liquid crystal whose orientation changes from positive to negative. Examples of such nematic liquid crystals include liquid crystals represented by the following structural formulas (1) to (3),
A mixed liquid crystal material made of these materials can be exemplified.
ｐ、−Ｃ）ｃｏｏ−Ｏ＝ｏＲ’ −−−−（２）［
（１）〜（３）式中、ＩＮ、Ｒ，、ＩＮ’は炭素数が１
からｌＯまでのアルキル基またはアルコキシル基を示す
。また、ｎ、ｆＮ、、ｎ’の区別はおのおの炭素数が等
しくなくてもよいことを示す。］また、本発明の液晶素
子に用いられる光学活性物質は、上記ネマティック液晶
をコレステリック液晶に相転移させる物質である。その
ような物質としては、例えば
コレステリルノナノエート（略号ＣＮ、ねじれ方向左）
、
４−シアノフェニル−４’ −（（Ｓ ）−２−メチル
ブチル）ベンゾエート （チッソ（株）社製、略号ＣＭ
。p, -C) coo-O=oR' -----(2) [
In the formulas (1) to (3), IN, R,, IN' have 1 carbon number.
Indicates an alkyl or alkoxyl group from 10 to 10. Further, the distinction between n, fN, and n' indicates that the number of carbon atoms does not have to be equal. ] Furthermore, the optically active substance used in the liquid crystal element of the present invention is a substance that causes a phase transition of the above-mentioned nematic liquid crystal to cholesteric liquid crystal. Examples of such substances include cholesteryl nonanoate (abbreviation CN, twist direction left)
, 4-cyanophenyl-4'-((S)-2-methylbutyl)benzoate (manufactured by Chisso Corporation, abbreviation CM
.
ねじれ方向左）、
４−（（Ｓ）−２−メチルブチオキシ）−４′ −シア
ノビフェニル （Ｂ Ｄ Ｈ社製、略号Ｃ−１５、ねじ
れ方向左）、
４−（（Ｓ）−２−メチルブチル）−４′−シアノビフ
ェニル（Ｂ Ｄ Ｈ社製、略号ＣＢ−１５、ねじれ方向
右）、
４−（（Ｓ）−２−メチルブチルオキシカルボニル）−
フェニル−４′−ヘキサノキシベンゾエート（ＭＥＲＣ
Ｋ社製、略号Ｓ−８１１）等を％Ｊ 示ｔ ルことがで
きる。Twist direction left), 4-((S)-2-methylbutyoxy)-4'-cyanobiphenyl (manufactured by BDH, abbreviation C-15, twist direction left), 4-((S)-2- Methylbutyl)-4'-cyanobiphenyl (manufactured by BDH, abbreviation CB-15, twist direction right), 4-((S)-2-methylbutyloxycarbonyl)-
Phenyl-4'-hexanoxybenzoate (MERC
Manufactured by Company K, abbreviation S-811) etc. can be shown.
上記ネマティック液晶に上記光学活性物質を添加すると
、このものはコレステリック液晶（Ｃｈ液晶）となる。When the optically active substance is added to the nematic liquid crystal, it becomes cholesteric liquid crystal (Ch liquid crystal).
このｃｈ液晶には、さらに二色性色素が添加される。添
加する二色性色素には、ゲストホスト液晶に一般的に利
用されているアントラキノン系、メロシアニン系、スチ
リル系、アゾメチン系、アゾ系、テトラジン系等の中か
ら、適当な溶解性を示すものが選択して用いられる。A dichroic dye is further added to this channel liquid crystal. The dichroic dye to be added should be one that exhibits appropriate solubility from among the anthraquinone, merocyanine, styryl, azomethine, azo, and tetrazine types that are commonly used in guest-host liquid crystals. Used selectively.
これらネマティック液晶に光学活性物質および二色性色
素が添加されてなる液晶組成物は、垂直配向剤を塗布し
たり蒸着処理することにより垂直配向処理された基板に
よって構成された液晶セル中に封入される。A liquid crystal composition made by adding an optically active substance and a dichroic dye to these nematic liquid crystals is sealed in a liquid crystal cell constituted by a substrate that has been vertically aligned by coating or vapor deposition with a vertical alignment agent. Ru.
「作用 」
この液晶素子において、電圧無印加時の液晶組成物は、
第１図に示すようにグランジャン組織となる。"Function" In this liquid crystal element, the liquid crystal composition when no voltage is applied is
As shown in FIG. 1, this results in a Grandjean structure.
この液晶素子に低周波の交流電圧を印加すると、ネマテ
ィック液晶の誘電異方性は正なので、第２図に示すよう
に、液晶分子および二色性色素はホメオトロピックな配
向状態となる。この結果、液晶素子を透過する光は二色
性色素により吸収されることなく液晶素子を透過し、無
色となる。When a low-frequency AC voltage is applied to this liquid crystal element, the dielectric anisotropy of the nematic liquid crystal is positive, so the liquid crystal molecules and the dichroic dye become homeotropically aligned, as shown in FIG. As a result, the light passing through the liquid crystal element is transmitted through the liquid crystal element without being absorbed by the dichroic dye, and becomes colorless.
ついで、この液晶素子に高周波の交流電圧を印加すると
、ネマティック液晶の誘電異方性が負となるので、第３
図に示すように、液晶組成物はグランジャン組織となる
。この結果、数品素子を通過する光は二色性色素に、よ
って吸収され、着色する。Next, when a high-frequency AC voltage is applied to this liquid crystal element, the dielectric anisotropy of the nematic liquid crystal becomes negative, so the third
As shown in the figure, the liquid crystal composition has a Grandjean structure. As a result, light passing through the element is absorbed by the dichroic dye and colored.
「実施例」
（実施例１）
低周波領域において誘電異方性が正で高周波領域におい
て誘電異方性が負のネマティック液晶である２Ｆ−３４
２１（ホフマン・う・ロッシェ社製）に、光学活性物質
であるコレステリルノナノエート（ＣＮ）を５％、 ア
ントラキノン系の二色性色素であるＬＭＢ−０４８（三
菱化成（株）製）を３％ブレンドして液晶組成物を作成
した。次いでこのものを一対の電極を有しセルギャップ
１０μｍのセルに封入して液晶素子とした。"Example" (Example 1) 2F-34 is a nematic liquid crystal with positive dielectric anisotropy in the low frequency region and negative dielectric anisotropy in the high frequency region.
21 (manufactured by Hoffmann Roche), 5% cholesteryl nonanoate (CN), an optically active substance, and 3% LMB-048 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Kasei Corporation), an anthraquinone dichroic dye. A liquid crystal composition was prepared by blending. Next, this product was sealed in a cell having a pair of electrodes and a cell gap of 10 μm to obtain a liquid crystal element.
この液晶素子に、低周波の交流電圧と高周波の交流電圧
を順次印加して光透過率を調べたところ、第４図に示す
ように、低周波の交流電圧を印加した時に透過率が大と
なった。When we applied a low-frequency AC voltage and a high-frequency AC voltage to this liquid crystal element sequentially to examine the light transmittance, we found that the transmittance was large when the low-frequency AC voltage was applied, as shown in Figure 4. became.
（実施例２）
上記実施例１と同一の液晶組成物を封入してｌｏ゛ＸＩ
Ｏ個の画素を有するドツトマトリクス形の液晶デバイス
を作成し、これをマルチプレックス駆動して、コントラ
スト、応答速度、マルチプレックス駆動特性を調べた。(Example 2) By enclosing the same liquid crystal composition as in Example 1 above,
A dot matrix type liquid crystal device having O pixels was created, and it was multiplex driven to examine contrast, response speed, and multiplex drive characteristics.
比較のために、同様の液晶セルに一般に用いられている
ゲストホスト型液晶を封入してポジ型の液晶素子を作成
し、同様の試験に供した。For comparison, a positive liquid crystal element was prepared by filling a generally used guest-host liquid crystal in a similar liquid crystal cell, and subjected to the same test.
結果を第１表に示す。The results are shown in Table 1.
第１表
注◎・・・良好 Δ・・・不良 Ｘ・・・極めて不良
「発明の効果」
以上説明したように本発明の液晶素子は、低周波領域に
おいて誘ｒｒｉ異方性が正で高周波領域において誘電異
方性が負のネマティック液晶に光学活性物質を添加して
得られるコレステリック液晶と二色性色素とからなる液
晶組成物功（、垂直配向処理した液晶セルに封入されて
なるものなので、低周波の交流電圧が印加されると液晶
分子および二色性色素はホメオトロピックな配向状態と
なり透過光は無色となる。また、高周波の交流電圧が印
加されると液晶組成物はグランジャン組織となり光の吸
収が生じて、透過光は着色する。Note to Table 1 ◎...Good Δ...Poor A liquid crystal composition consisting of a cholesteric liquid crystal obtained by adding an optically active substance to a nematic liquid crystal with negative dielectric anisotropy in the region and a dichroic dye (because it is sealed in a vertically aligned liquid crystal cell) When a low-frequency AC voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules and dichroic dye become homeotropically aligned, and the transmitted light becomes colorless.Also, when a high-frequency AC voltage is applied, the liquid crystal composition changes to a Grandjean structure. As a result, light absorption occurs and the transmitted light is colored.
従って、本発明の液晶素子は、ゲストホスト方式である
にもかかわらず、表示の応答時間、減衰時間が短かく、
デユーティ比の大きいマルチプレックス駆動による場合
にもスタティック駆動のときと変わらないコントラスト
が得られる液晶素子となる。Therefore, although the liquid crystal element of the present invention is of the guest-host type, the display response time and decay time are short.
Even when using multiplex driving with a large duty ratio, the liquid crystal element can provide the same contrast as when using static driving.
第１図は本発明の液晶素子の電圧無印加時の液晶配向状
態を示す模式図、第２図は同液晶素子に低周波の交流電
圧を印加した時の液晶配向状態を示す模式図、第３図は
同液晶素子に高周波の交流電圧を印加した時の液晶配向
状態を示す模式図、第４図は同液晶素子の駆動波形と透
過率の関係を示すグラフである。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the liquid crystal alignment state of the liquid crystal element of the present invention when no voltage is applied; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the liquid crystal alignment state when a low-frequency AC voltage is applied to the same liquid crystal element; FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the liquid crystal alignment state when a high frequency AC voltage is applied to the liquid crystal element, and FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the drive waveform and transmittance of the liquid crystal element.
Claims (1)
て誘電異方性が負のネマティック液晶に光学活性物質を
添加して得られるコレステリック液晶と二色性色素とか
らなる液晶組成物を、垂直配向処理した液晶セルに封入
したことを特徴とする液晶素子。A liquid crystal composition consisting of a cholesteric liquid crystal and a dichroic dye obtained by adding an optically active substance to a nematic liquid crystal having a positive dielectric anisotropy in a low frequency region and a negative dielectric anisotropy in a high frequency region is vertically aligned. A liquid crystal element characterized by being sealed in a treated liquid crystal cell.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP640888A JPH01182830A (en) | 1988-01-14 | 1988-01-14 | Liquid crystal element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP640888A JPH01182830A (en) | 1988-01-14 | 1988-01-14 | Liquid crystal element |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01182830A true JPH01182830A (en) | 1989-07-20 |
Family
ID=11637543
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP640888A Pending JPH01182830A (en) | 1988-01-14 | 1988-01-14 | Liquid crystal element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01182830A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5570216A (en) * | 1995-04-14 | 1996-10-29 | Kent Display Systems, Inc. | Bistable cholesteric liquid crystal displays with very high contrast and excellent mechanical stability |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61254932A (en) * | 1985-05-07 | 1986-11-12 | Seiko Epson Corp | Liquid crystal electrooptic device |
-
1988
- 1988-01-14 JP JP640888A patent/JPH01182830A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61254932A (en) * | 1985-05-07 | 1986-11-12 | Seiko Epson Corp | Liquid crystal electrooptic device |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5570216A (en) * | 1995-04-14 | 1996-10-29 | Kent Display Systems, Inc. | Bistable cholesteric liquid crystal displays with very high contrast and excellent mechanical stability |
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