JPH01181970A - Method and equipment for welding - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To automatically and easily perform welding by selecting optimum welding conditions from the data stored in an optimum welding condition data memory based on preset material, plate thickness, joint shape, etc., and performing welding under the welding conditions. CONSTITUTION:Materials to be welded are mounted on a backing metal mold 15 and argon gas is injected to a weld line from a torch 31. The optimum welding conditions are stored based on the preset material, plate thickness, joint shape, etc., in the data memory of a controller 13. The torch 31 is controlled to move in the directions of X, Y and Z axes and the position of the torch 31 with respect to a weld zone is controlled almost constant by the controller 13 and the optimum welding conditions are selected from the data stored in the data memory and welding is performed under the welding conditions. By this method, welding can be performed automatically and easily without depending on experience and intuition of a worker.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Purpose of the Invention (Industrial Field of Application)] The present invention relates to a welding method and apparatus for producing silk products from objects to be welded, particularly small thin plates.

(Prior Art) In recent years, in the thin sheet metal industry, the automation and intelligent thinking of cutting, drilling, bending, etc. has become established, and the rationalization thereof is making rapid progress.

However, the cutting, drilling, bending, and other processes always include a welding process. The rationale for the welding process is the cutting process mentioned above.

Compared to the drilling and bending process, the process is delayed and most of the work is done by the operator.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) By the way, the conventional welding work itself described above relies in many parts on the experience and intuition of the operator, and requires skill. As a result, it is difficult to rationalize welding work, which increases the number of finishing steps. Additionally, there are processing problems due to the occurrence of distortions and product variations due to individual differences among workers.

Furthermore, the selection of welding conditions during welding is carried out by operators relying on their experience and intuition, each time the material, plate thickness, or joint shape of the welded object changes. Therefore, selection of welding conditions takes a very long time and is inefficient.

In order to improve the above-mentioned problems, this invention is a welding method that efficiently selects optimal welding conditions in a very short time without relying on the experience and intuition of the operator, thereby eliminating the need to perform welding on the workpiece. and to provide such equipment.

[Configuration of the Invention (Means for Solving the Problem) In order to achieve the above object, the first invention is as follows:
Set the torch on the X axis to weld the object to be welded.

In addition to controlling the movement in the Y-axis and Z-axis directions, the torch position relative to the welding part of the workpiece is controlled almost constant, and the optimal welding condition data is stored in the memory based on preset materials, plate thickness, joint shape, etc. This is a welding method in which optimal welding conditions are selected from the optimal welding condition data provided, and welding is performed using the selected optimal welding conditions.

The second invention provides an input/output device that inputs and outputs preset materials, plate thicknesses, joint shapes, etc., and a torch for welding parts of objects to be welded based on the plate thickness and joint shape input from the input/output device. Optimal welding conditions are selected based on the torch position calculation processing device that calculates the position, the torch position calculated by the torch position calculation processing device, and the plate thickness, material, joint shape, etc. input by the input/output device. Optimum welding strip f [data memory that stores the optimal welding condition data to be applied, and processing program that stores the processing program created by importing the optimal welding conditions selected from the optimal welding condition data memory. A welding device was constructed which includes a memory and a control section that controls each axis of a welding power source and a torch according to the processing program stored in the processing program memory.

(Function) By adopting the welding method and device of this invention,
A torch position calculation processing device calculates the torch position relative to the welding part of the workpiece based on the preset plate thickness and joint shape. Optimum welding condition data is created based on the torch position, material, plate thickness, joint shape, etc. determined by the respective torch position calculation processing device, and is stored in the R selection welding condition data memory. Select the optimal welding conditions from the optimal welding condition data stored in the optimal welding condition data memory, and create a machining program based on the optimal welding conditions.
[Dankaep I] Store it in the gram memory. The torch is moved along the X axis based on the machining program stored in the machining program memory.

The welding process is performed on the workpiece by controlling the movement in the Y-axis and Z-axis directions and controlling the torch position with respect to the welding part of the workpiece to be substantially constant.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

Referring to FIG. 9, the frame 3 in the horizontal automatic welding machine 1 as a welding device is composed of a lower frame 3A9, a main frame 3B, a support frame 3C, and an upper frame 3D. An opening 5 is formed in the front of the main body frame 3B.

A welding power source 7 and a pneumatic three-piece set unit 1-0 are provided within the main body frame 3B. Further, a control device 13 for controlling the horizontal automatic welding machine 1 is attached to the side of the main body frame 3B through a bracket 11 extending upward.

The main body frame 3B is provided with a work clamp for clamping a workpiece as an object to be welded, and one end of a backing holder 17 equipped with a backing mold 15 is attached to a hinge 19 at the front of the main body frame 3B. It is mounted so that it can swing freely using the fulcrum.

When in use, it swings within the opening 5 from a lower standby position and is held and locked in a reference position in a horizontal position.

The support frame 3C and the main body frame 3BI! ! A support member 21 is attached to extend in the Y-axis direction at an appropriate height position of l, and a plurality of support devices 23 are swingably supported on the support member 21.

The sub-1 napo device 23 is used when welding the bottom weld of silk material. When using the sub-support device 23, the backing boulder 17 is first swung from a horizontal state to a lower standby position, and then the sub-support device 23 is swung from the lower standby position to an upper use position. It will be let into the reference position and locked securely.

A cover member 27 having a U-shaped opening 25 is provided on the upper frame 3D, and the inside of the opening 25 of the cover member 27 is aligned with the X axis.

An X-, Y-, and Z-axis piece unit 29 is provided that is movable in the Y-axis and Z-axis directions. The X, Y, and Z axis piece unit 29 is provided with a torch unit 33 having a torch 31, and the torch unit 33 is movable up and down in the Z axis direction.

An argon gas cylinder 35 containing argon gas as a welding gas ejected from the torch 31 is installed behind the main body frame 3B. It is connected. In order to hold the torch cable 37, a holding bracket S9 is attached to the rear part of the main body frame 3B.

With the above configuration, the workpiece to be welded is mounted on the backing holder 17 and placed on the 1ζ backing mold 15, and the workpiece is clamped from above with a work clamp. Next, argon gas is sent from the argon gas cylinder 35 to the torch 31 via the 1~-ch cable 37, and the other torch 31 is
Argon gas is ejected from the welding line to the welding line of the workpiece. Torch 31 is X.

By controlling the Y- and Z-axis piece units 29, welding is performed along the welding line of the workpiece by being controlled in the Y-axis direction.

A control configuration block diagram of the control device 13 is shown in FIG.

In FIG. 1, an input/output device 43 such as a keyboard with a CRT is connected to a CPU 41 in a control device 13 via Ilo for inputting or displaying the material, plate thickness, joint shape, etc. of the workpiece. has been done.

The CPU 41 has a mode selection switching circuit 45 via ■/F.
is connected to the ±-mode selection switching circuit 45.
- A mode selection section 47 is connected.

The mode selection section 47, as shown in FIG.
It consists of a switching knob 47A and a pointer 47B for switching to five scales: program, test, edit, execution, and origin. For example, turn the switching knob 47A and use your finger! 147
The program mode is selected by aligning B with the program scale.

A power supply control unit 49 is connected to the CPU 41 via an I/F, and the welding power supply 7 is connected to the power supply control unit 49. Further, the torch 31 is connected to the CPU 41 via an I/F on the X and Y axes.

Each axis control section 51 for controlling in the Z-axis direction is connected,
Each axis control section 51 has a torch 31 on the X axis.

A position detector 53 is connected to detect the position moved in the Y-axis and Z-axis directions.

A torch position calculation processing device 55 is connected to the CPU 41, and the torch position calculation processing device 55 receives the plate thickness and joint shape of the workpiece set in advance from the input/output device 43 via the CPU 41. be included. That is, the third
As shown in the figures (A) to (D), there are four types of joint shapes.

As shown in <A) of Fig. 3, the calculation is made from 1-j upward at the point O (in the Z-axis direction (vertical direction)) where the corners of the workpiece W+ and the workpiece W2, which are made of the same plate ht, butt each other. The position separated by 9 is the torch position of the torch 31. It is optimal to carry out welding while controlling the torch position to be approximately constant. As shown in FIG. 3 (B), the workpiece W1 made of the same plate thickness t
and the object to be welded W2, and move the corner point O of the object to be welded W1 upward in the Z-axis direction (vertical direction) to v=3r/4.
- The position separated by p calculated from t is the torch position of the torch 31. It is preferable to perform welding while controlling the torch position to be approximately constant.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3(C), the workpiece W1 and the workpiece W2 are butted against each other, and in the direction (C) upward in the Z-axis direction (vertical direction) from the corner point O of the workpiece W2, The torch position is set at the position -J, which is a distance aj·β to the right. It is preferable to perform welding while controlling the torch position of the torch 31 to be approximately constant. Furthermore, as shown in CD in FIG. position.

It is preferable to perform welding while controlling the torch position to be approximately constant.

In this way, the optimum torch position p for the joint shapes shown in FIGS. 3A to 3D is calculated by the torch position calculation processing device 55'r-. (However, in Figure 3 (
C) The value of a is also added to C.

The torch position p calculated in this way by the torch position calculation processing device 55 and the material input from the input/output device 43,
The plate thickness and joint shape are imported into an optimum welding condition data memory 57 connected to the CPU 41. As shown in FIG. 4, optimum welding condition data is stored in the optimum welding condition data memory 57 in advance based on experience and experimental values. Figure 4 shows, for example, SPC, SUS, A!
Optimal welding conditions are stored in advance based on materials such as Q, plate thicknesses of 0.5 to 2.3 mm, and joint shapes shown in (A) to (D> in Fig. 3). Items include the torch position, initial current, initial current time, preflow, up-slow time, pulse current, and base current found in Figure 3 (A) to (D), and past experience and experimental values are included in the items. Data based on this is stored.

Therefore, the material, plate thickness, joint shape of the workpiece to be welded, and the torch position determined in (A) to (D) in FIG. As a result, appropriate and optimal welding conditions are automatically selected. Five test melting condition memories are connected to the CPU 41, and the test melting conditions are stored in the CPU 41.
In the time memory 59, the optimum welding conditions selected from the optimum welding condition data memory 57 are temporarily stored in an optimum welding condition list as shown in FIG. This test welding condition-time list of optimum welding conditions stored in the memory 59 is displayed on the CRT screen of the input/output device 43. Then, in the mode selection section 47 shown in FIG. 2, the mode is switched from program to test, and test melting is performed on the workpiece at least once.

If a part of the optimum welding conditions is to be edited in this trial welding, the mode is switched from test to editing using the mode selection unit 47 shown in FIG. 2, and the editing is performed.

Next, the mode selection unit 47 shown in FIG. 2 switches the mode from editing to execution, and the edited optimal welding conditions are imported into the machining program stored in the machining program memory 61 connected to the CPU 41. Welding is performed on the object to be welded.

The machining program used is machining program No.
, and are stored in the program storage/memory 63 connected to the CPU 41. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the program storage/memory 63 is assigned a program number and stores the optimum welding conditions under which welding is actually performed.

Therefore, when welding the workpiece again using the same material, plate thickness, and joint shape, the optimum welding condition data stored in the optimum welding condition data memory 57 is not used, and the program is stored in the memory 57. Program No. 0 stored in 63 can be selected and used.

A condition selection file 65 is connected to the CPU 41. In this condition selection file 65, files for operation when selecting, for example, optimal welding conditions are shown as shown in FIGS. 7(A) to 7(E). As an example of operation for selecting the optimum welding conditions, for example, the file shown in FIG. 7A from the condition selection file 65 is displayed on the CRT screen of the input/output device 43. While looking at the file shown in Figure 7 (A), the worker
Input the preset material, plate thickness, and joint shape. After inputting the preset material, plate thickness, and joint shape, the file shown in Figure 7 (B) is displayed on the CRT screen, and the operator can select the welding method from continuous, tack, and arc spot. For example, if you enter continuous,
The CRT screen is shown in FIG. 7(C) and files are displayed. The operator then inputs the weld length.

When the tack is input from the welding method shown in FIG. 7(B), the file shown in FIG. 7(D) is displayed on the CRT screen. While looking at (D) in FIG. 7, start point dimension Sz, welding length L+, starting point dimension S2, and welding length L
Enter 2.

When an arc spot is input from the welding method shown in FIG. 7(B), a file shown in FIG. 7(E) is displayed on the CRT screen. While looking at (E) in FIG. 7, input the starting point size S, pitch P, and dotted number C.

By performing this operation, the aforementioned optimal welding conditions are selected.

FIG. 8 shows a flowchart for finding the optimum welding conditions and performing welding on the object to be welded C. In FIG. 8, in step 67, the mode of the mode selection unit 47 is set to the program, and the material, plate thickness, and joint shape of the workpiece to be welded are set as explained in FIGS. 7(A) to (E). Based on the input/output device 43. In step 69, the torch position calculation processing device 65 performs calculation processing of the torch position as shown in (Δ) to (D) in FIG. 3 based on the plate thickness and joint shape input in step 67.

Then, in step 71, the determined torch position, material, plate thickness, and joint shape are taken into the optimum welding condition data memory 57, and the optimum welding conditions are selected from the optimum welding condition data memory 57. .

After the selected welding conditions are stored in the trial melting condition memory 59 in step 73, the mode of the mode selection section 47 is switched from program to test to perform trial melting. Thereafter, the welding conditions list shown in FIG.
Display it on the RT screen.

In step 75, while looking at the welding conditions displayed on the CRT screen of the input/output device 43, it is determined whether or not to edit or modify, and if it is necessary to edit or modify, the mode of the mode welding section 47 is changed. When switching from testing to editing, editing and correction are performed in step 77, and the process returns to step 73.

If it is determined in step 75 that there is no need to edit or modify, the process proceeds to step 79, where the optimum welding conditions are imported into the machining program memory 61 and the mode of the mode selection section 47 is switched from editing to execution. In step 81, welding is performed on the part to be welded based on the processing program, and when the welding is completed, in step 83, N is returned to the processing program.

, and is stored in the program storage memory 63, and the process ends.

In this way, the torch position and optimal welding conditions are automatically selected based on the material, plate thickness, and joint shape that are set in advance, and the workpiece can be welded under those conditions. Therefore, without relying on the experience and intuition of a single worker,
Optimum welding conditions can be selected efficiently in a very short time, and welding can be performed easily.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and can be implemented in other embodiments by making appropriate changes.

[Effects of the Invention] As can be understood from the above description of the embodiments, according to the present invention, since the structure is as described in the claims, the input/output device can control the material of the workpiece. , input the plate thickness and joint shape, first calculate the torch position from the plate thickness and joint shape, and then import the torch position, material, plate thickness, and joint shape into the optimal welding condition data memory. Welding conditions are selected. Based on the selected optimal welding conditions, the workpiece can be easily welded. Therefore, the optimum welding conditions can be efficiently selected in a very short time without relying on the operator's experience and intuition, so that welding can be performed automatically and easily.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a control configuration block diagram of a control device for a welding machine according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a mode selection section, and Fig. 3 (A) to (D) are diagrams showing a control configuration block diagram of a control device for a welding machine according to the present invention. It is an explanatory view explaining calculation processing of a torch position calculation device. FIG. 4 shows an example of optimum welding condition data stored in the optimum welding condition data memory. Figure 5 shows the wiping conditions.
This is an example of a list of optimal welding conditions stored in the time memory. FIG. 6 is an example of a program file stored in the program storage memory. (A) to (E) in Figure 7
is an example of a file stored in the condition selection file. FIG. 8 is a flowchart explaining the present invention in detail, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an example of a horizontal automatic welding machine as a welding device embodying the present invention. 1...Horizontal automatic welding machine 13...Control device 31...
-Torch 41...CPU43...I/O device 47...Mode selection section 49...Power control section 51...Each axis control section 55...Torch position calculation processing device 57...Optimum welding Condition data memory 59...Program storage memory Agent Yasuo Miyoshi, patent attorney Figure 3 (A) Figure 3 (C) Figure 3 (D) Figure 8 Reason 9

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Control the movement of the torch in the X-, Y-, and Z-axis directions to weld the workpiece, and control the torch position with respect to the welding part of the workpiece to be approximately constant, and A welding method characterized by selecting optimal welding conditions from optimal welding condition data stored in a memory based on thickness, joint shape, etc., and performing welding under the selected optimal welding conditions. (2) An input/output device that inputs and outputs preset material, plate thickness, joint shape, etc., and calculates the torch position with respect to the welding part of the workpiece based on the plate thickness and joint shape input from the input/output device. Optimal welding conditions are selected based on the torch position calculation processing device to be processed, the torch position calculated by the torch position calculation processing device, and the plate thickness, material, joint shape, etc. input by the input/output device. An optimal welding condition data memory for storing welding condition data, a machining program memory for storing a machining program created by incorporating the optimal welding conditions selected from the optimal welding condition data memory, and the machining program. A welding device comprising: a welding power source and a control section that controls each axis of a torch according to a processing program stored in a memory.