JPH01178675A - Construction of basement below existing structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the cost of construction by using blocks as well as permit construction work below narrow ground's surface by a method in which small pits are excavated near an existing structure, and a box like space is excavated right below the existing structure from the pits to construct a basement. CONSTITUTION:A box 7 whose upper and lower ends are opened is lowered while being assembled of flat and angle blocks 1 and 2 according to excavating operation in the vicinity of an existing structure B, When the box 7 reaches a given depth, a slab 41 is constructed on the bottom, A propulsive cylinder 6 is set on the bottom and sides of the pit 4, a guide box 7 having an acute front face is assembled, and the cylinder 6 is extended to penetrate the box 7 into the ground. The cylinder 6 is further advanced while connecting its tail end with blocks 1. After the box 7 reaches a place where a basement A is to be constructed below the structure B, wells are set on the facing and pit sides 4 to construct the basement A, The subsidence of the surface ground can thus be prevented and the construction can be economically attained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Field of Industrial Application> The present invention relates to a construction technique for constructing a basement directly under an existing structure such as a hill or a general residence.

<Prior Art> Various construction methods have been proposed when extending or renovating a basement in the basement of an existing structure.

<Problems to be solved by the present invention> (a) Conventional basement construction technology involves jacking up an existing structure, performing appropriate heaping, and then directly excavating the floor. exist.

However, this construction technique limits the use of existing structures during the construction period.

Furthermore, since it is often difficult to move construction machinery into and out of existing structures, various types of construction work must be done manually, resulting in poor workability.

Furthermore, in areas where nearby existing structures are very close together, such as in densely populated residential areas or downtown areas, it is considered impossible to carry out construction using the open cut method due to the negative impact it would have on the surrounding area.

(b) As a method of constructing a basement, it is possible to adopt a tunnel excavation method.

In this method, temporary pile retaining materials such as steel sheet piles and copper pipes are provided laterally from a shaft, and the inside of these temporary pile retaining materials is excavated to form an underground cavity.

However, with this tunnel-type excavation method, its use for permanent structures has been postponed due to poor installation accuracy of temporary retaining materials and insufficient communication between temporary retaining materials. This is the actual situation.

Furthermore, since the cavity formed inside the temporary pile retaining material is required to be lined with cast-in-place concrete or the like, construction costs are high.

Furthermore, if the lining is constructed at the wrong time, it will cause ground subsidence.
Strict construction management is required.

<Object of the present invention> The present invention was made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide the following method of constructing a basement under an existing structure.

(a) A method of constructing a basement under an existing structure that can be constructed even in sites where the ground side is narrow, such as in urban areas.

(b) A method of constructing a basement under an existing structure that can reduce construction costs.

(c) A method of constructing a basement under an existing structure, suitable for construction in densely populated residential areas.

(d) A method of constructing a basement under an existing structure that allows for reasonable construction.

Configuration of the Present Invention> A method for constructing a basement according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(a) Blocks In the present invention, the following blocks are used in constructing a basement.

This block is used as a component of the shaft as described later.
It is also used as a component of the passage connecting the shaft to the basement, and as a component of the basement A of the final construction.

An example of the block is shown in FIG.

This block has a rectangular shape and consists of two types of blocks: a flat block 1 and a corner block 2.

(Exposure) Plane block The plane block 1 has four parts 11 in the center of one side,
The other side is smooth.

Connecting holes 12 are opened and provided in each of the four sides of the block 1 to connect the blocks 1 to 1 with bolts 3.

(C) Corner block The corner block 2 has two adjacent surfaces smooth, and has a working hole 21 with an angular cross-section inside.

Connecting holes 22 are provided on the side surface where the opening of the working hole 21 is exposed, the bottom surface, and the side surface, respectively.

Effect of the present invention> Next, we will explain how to construct a basement.

(B) Construction of starting shaft (Figure 3) First, a vertical shaft 4 is constructed near the existing structure.

The vertical shaft 4 is lowered while assembling the flat block 1 and the corner block 2 into a box shape with open upper and lower ends by connecting them with bolts in accordance with excavation work.

When the shaft 4 reaches a predetermined depth, a slab version 41 is constructed on the bottom of the shaft 4.

During the opening of this shaft 4, there is no need to make it large (, small (
Both dimensions may be sufficient as long as they can accommodate the plane block 1 and the corner block 2.

(b) Deployment of propulsion facilities (Fig. 4) Next, some plane blocks 1 forming the side of the shaft 4
is removed, and a foot plate 5 made of a steel plate is fixed facing the excavation direction.

Further, a plurality of cylinders 6 for propulsion are provided at the bottom and sides of the shaft 4 in the direction of excavation.

Further, a leading box 7 having an acute angle in the front is assembled in the shaft 4.

The leading box 7 is assembled using the flat block 1 and the corner block 2.

The leading box 7 may be a box made of other materials as long as its front surface is formed at an acute angle.

Once the leading box 7 is placed facing the direction of excavation, the flat block 1 forming the side surface of the shaft 4 over the excavation range of the leading box 7 is removed.

(c) Start of excavation (Fig. 1.4) Extend each cylinder 6 to make the tip of the guide box 7 penetrate into another mountain, excavate the ground exposed inside the guide box 7, and transfer the excavated earth and sand to the shaft. 4 Drain outside.

After penetrating the guide box 7 into the ground, the cylinder 6 is contracted.

Next, the plane block 1 and the corner block 2 are carried into the shaft 4.

These two types of blocks 1.2 carried in are connected to the tail end of the leading box 7.

When connecting and assembling the plane block 1 and the corner block 2, they are assembled within a section 4 corresponding to the top of the box.

This is to prevent the top of the box from closing the inside of the shaft 4 and to effectively utilize the space inside the shaft 4.

Therefore, the soil removal work is not blocked after the two types of blocks 1.2 are connected, and the safety of the work is ensured.

After completing the assembly of the flat block 1 and the corner block 2, the cylinder 6 is extended again and the excavation work is restarted.

The excavation process, soil removal process, and both types of blocks 1.
Repeat the process of connecting the two groups to excavate the box.

(d) Formation of basement (Figure 5) Once the box has been excavated to the planned construction location of basement A directly below existing structure B, the excavation work is completed and cylinder 6 is removed.

In the present invention, a part of the box dug underground is used as the basement A.

That is, the basement A is constructed by using the front part of a box assembled using a large number of plane blocks 1 and corner blocks 2, and assembling walls on the faces of the box and the shaft 4 side. To construct.

The material for this wall surface is assembled using the plane block 1 and two groups of corner blocks partially removed from the shaft 4 and the plane block 1 and corner blocks 2 groups newly brought in.

In addition, the shaft 4 and the passage connecting the shaft 4 to the basement A are, in principle, backfilled with excavated earth and sand.

= 7 - If there is no impact on the ground side, it is possible to leave the shaft 4 and the passage.

(e) Connection to basement (Figure 5) Drill an opening for the trunk passage.

Subsequently, a part of the top of the basement A corresponding to the position for the communication passage is opened to establish communication between the existing structure B and the basement A.

Finally, finish the connecting passage, install stairs C, and basement A.
Perform interior finishing.

Furthermore, it goes without saying that the communication port with the existing structure B is not limited to the top of the basement A, but may be located on the side.

Effects of the Present Invention> The present invention can be expected to have the effects described above.

(a) The present invention is a method of constructing a small shaft near an existing structure and excavating a box directly below the existing structure from this shaft.

Therefore, it can be easily applied even in sites where the ground side is narrow = 8
− Can be constructed.

(b) Since the box is composed of prefabricated blocks, it is convenient to transport and handle, and can also be repurposed as a construction material for basements.

Therefore, construction costs can be reduced.

(c) Since it does not require any large machinery such as heavy machinery, it is suitable for construction in densely populated residential areas.

(d) By adopting the box propulsion method, ground surface subsidence can be minimized.

Therefore, there is no need for temporary soil retaining materials to prevent ground subsidence, and construction can be done economically.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 - An explanatory diagram of one embodiment of the present invention, which is a perspective view of a box made up of a large number of block groups during excavation Fig. 2 - An enlarged explanatory diagram of blocks Fig. 3 - An explanatory diagram of the construction of a shaft Figure 4: Vertical cross-sectional view of the box during excavation Figure 5: Vertical cross-sectional view of the completed basement

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) Build a shaft near the existing structure, propel a box made up of a large number of blocks from inside the shaft directly below the existing structure, and separate the face side and shaft side of the box. Constructing a basement under an existing structure by constructing a wall with a group of blocks at each opening to construct a basement, and then removing some blocks from the basement to communicate between the existing structure and the basement. Method.