JPH01165204A - Dielectric resonator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform the simultaneous resonance of two waves and to realize miniaturization by providing a mode correction device and a resonance frequency fine adjusting device. CONSTITUTION:The mode correction device is formed by, for example, an adjusting screw to vary insertion length to an external conductor 1, and in case of forming a common coupling device 4 by a probe or a coupling bar, it is provided so that an angle difference of 0 deg. or 0+ or -n90 deg. can be attached in the axial direction of the mode correction device for the axial direction of the coupling device, and in case of forming the common coupling device 4 by a loop, it is formed so that the same angle difference as the above stated can be attached in the axial direction of the mode correction device 7 for the plane of the loop. Also, the resonance frequency fine adjusting device 8 of V mode provided on the external conductor so as to be set in the same direction as that of a coupling device 5 of V mode, and the resonance frequency fine adjusting device 9 of H mode provided so as to be set in the same direction as that of a coupling device of H mode are provided. In such a way, the resonance for the two waves can be obtained and the miniaturization is realized.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dielectric resonator suitable for use as a component of an antenna sharing device in a base station of a mobile phone, a mobile communication station, or the like.

BACKGROUND ART FIG. 20 is a sectional view (FF sectional view in FIG. 21) showing the main parts of a conventional HE116 mod dielectric resonator, and FIG. 21 is a sectional view taken along E-E in FIG. 20. In both figures,
11 is an outer conductor made of a TE+1 cut-off waveguide;
12 is a cylindrical resonant element made of a dielectric material with a high permittivity;
Reference numeral 3 denotes a support body for the resonant element 12, which is made of a dielectric material having a lower dielectric constant than that of the resonant element 12. 14 is a V-mode input/output coupling probe, and 15 is an H-mode input/output coupling probe, which are provided so that their axial directions have an angular difference of 90 degrees from each other. 16 is a coupling adjustment screw whose axial direction is 45 degrees or 45 degrees with respect to the axial direction of the V mode input/output coupling probe.
They are provided to have an angular difference of °±n906 (n is any positive integer).

When the insertion length of the coupling adjustment screw 16 into the resonator is adjusted appropriately, when a V mode wave is input through the mode input/output coupling probe 14, it is output in H mode from the H mode input/output coupling probe 15, Input/output coupling probe 15
When an H mode wave is input through the V mode input/output coupling probe 14, it is output in V mode.

FIGS. 22 and 23 are diagrams showing an example of electromagnetic field distribution in the conventional resonator, in which solid lines with arrows represent electric fields, and broken lines with arrows combine magnetic fields.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the above conventional HE116 mod dielectric resonator,
■By excitation via the mode input/output coupling probe 14 or the H mode input/output coupling probe 15, two waves of V mode or H mode can be made to resonate, but these two waves are limited to the same frequency and have different frequencies. Since it is impossible to cause two waves to resonate, one resonator can be operated as a two-stage bandpass filter, but if this resonator is used to configure, for example, an antenna sharing device, One resonator is required for each communication channel, and the configuration of the antenna sharing device inevitably becomes complicated and large.

Means for Solving the Problems The dielectric resonator of the present invention has an outer conductor consisting of a TE cutoff waveguide, and an HE1 coaxially provided within the outer conductor.
A 16-mode dielectric resonant element and a V provided on the external conductor.
mode and H mode common coupling element, a V mode coupling element provided on the external conductor with an angular difference of 45° or 45°±180° with respect to the common coupling element, and a An H-mode coupling element provided on the outer conductor with an angular difference of 0° or -45°±180°, and a mode provided on the outer conductor with an angular difference of 0° or 0°±n90° with respect to the common coupling element. a V-mode resonant frequency fine-tuning element provided on the outer conductor so as to be in the same direction as the above-mentioned ■ mode coupling element; It is characterized by comprising an H-mode resonant frequency fine adjustment element.

Operation In the dielectric resonator of the present invention, by appropriately adjusting the insertion lengths of the resonant frequency fine adjustment elements and mode modification elements into the resonator of the mode and H mode, the V mode and H mode, which have different frequencies, can be adjusted. It is possible to make the two waves resonate simultaneously.

Embodiment FIG. 1 is a sectional view (D in FIG. 2) showing an embodiment of the present invention.
-D sectional view), Figure 2 is the AA sectional view of Figure 1,
The figure is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in Figure 1, and Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-B in Figure 1.
In each figure, 1 is an external section consisting of a TE+ cut-off waveguide.

It is a conductor whose axial length is approximately equal to the resonance length. 2
3 is an HEu6 mode dielectric resonant element made of a dielectric material with a high dielectric constant; 3 is a support for the resonant element 2, which is made of a rod-shaped or cylindrical dielectric material having a lower dielectric constant than the resonant element 2; 4 is a V-mode and H-mode common coupling element, 5 is a V-mode coupling element, and 6 is an H-mode coupling element. When each coupling element is formed using a probe as shown in the figure, 4 with respect to the axial direction of the common coupling probe 4
5 degrees or 45 degrees ± 180 degrees, and the axial direction of the H-mode coupling probe 6 has an angular difference of -45 degrees or -45 degrees ± 180 degrees with respect to the axial direction of the common coupling probe 4. to form.

Instead of forming the common coupling element 4, the ■ mode coupling element 5, and the H mode coupling element 6 using a probe, each coupling element may all be formed using a loop. The probe may be formed and other coupling elements may be formed using loops.

Further, the common coupling element 4 is formed by a coupling rod or a strip line made of a bar-shaped conductor, and the coupling elements 5 and 6 for mode and H mode are formed by both a probe or a loop, or one of them is probed and the other is a loop. You can.

Although the figure shows an example in which the coupling elements 4.5 and 6 are all provided on the cylindrical side wall of the outer conductor 1, all the coupling elements may be provided on the end wall of the outer conductor 1.

Some of the coupling elements may be provided on the cylindrical side wall, and other coupling elements may be provided on the end wall.

However, when the common coupling element 4 is formed using a coupling rod or a strip line, the attachment point is the outer conductor 1.
Also, when attaching a coupling element formed with a probe to the end wall of the outer conductor l, there is a risk of unstable operation, so in this case, the outer conductor l
It is desirable to provide it on the cylindrical side wall of the tube.

When each coupling element is formed with a loop, the angle difference between each loop surface is made to be the same as the angle difference in the axial direction of each probe when each coupling element is formed with a probe, and a part of the coupling element is looped. When the other coupling element is formed using a probe, the coupling element is attached so that the angular difference between the loop surface and the probe in the axial direction has the same value as described above.

When the common coupling element 4 is formed by a coupling rod, the angular difference between its axial direction and the axial direction or loop plane of the coupling elements 5 and 6 is made the same as above, and when the common coupling element 4 is formed by a strip line. In this case, the angular difference between the long plane direction and the axial direction or loop plane of the coupling elements 5 and 6 is made equal to the above.

Reference numeral 7 designates a mode adjustment element, which is formed by, for example, an adjustment screw that can vary the insertion length into the outer conductor 1. When the common coupling element 4 is formed by a probe or a coupling rod, the mode adjustment element is adjusted in the axial direction of the common coupling element 4. When the axial directions of the mode modifying elements 7 are provided with an angular difference of 00 or O0±n90° and the common coupling element 4 is formed with a loop, the axial direction of the mode modifying element 7 with respect to the loop plane is When the common coupling element 4 is formed with a strip line, the axial direction of the mode modification element 7 has an angle difference similar to that described above with respect to the elongated direction of the common coupling element 4. Form.

The mode modifying element 7 can be provided in any number to implement the present invention as long as it satisfies the above-mentioned angular difference conditions.The axial direction and insertion length of the mode modifying element 7 are as follows: It depends on the elliptical polarization contained in both waves of the mode and the ellipticity of the cylindrical side wall in the outer conductor 1, so adjust it appropriately according to the elliptical polarization and the ellipticity of the cylindrical side wall in the outer conductor 1. This is desirable.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a V-mode resonant frequency fine adjustment element, which is formed by, for example, an adjustment screw that can vary the insertion length into the outer conductor 1, and whose axial direction is the same as the axial direction of the V-mode coupling element 5 or the loop surface. It is set up so that.

Reference numeral 9 denotes an H-mode resonant frequency fine adjustment element, which is composed of an adjustment screw similar to the ■mode resonant frequency fine-adjustment element 8, so that its axial direction is in the same direction as the axial direction of the H-mode coupling element 6 or the loop surface. It is provided for.

The mi-mode correction element 7, the resonant frequency fine adjustment elements 8 and 9 for the ■ mode and the H mode, are connected to the outer conductor 1 as shown in the figure.
The mode modification effect and the resonant frequency adjustment effect can be maximized by attaching the cylindrical side wall at a location that corresponds approximately to the station of the resonance length. However, the present invention can be practiced.

5 to 7 are diagrams showing electromagnetic field modes of the dielectric resonator of the present invention. In each diagram, a solid line with an arrow indicates an electric field, and a broken line with an arrow indicates a magnetic field.

(2) The electromagnetic field mode when excited via the mode coupling element 5 is shown in FIG. 5, and the electromagnetic field mode when excited via the H-mode coupling element 6 is shown in FIG. In contrast to the electromagnetic field mode shown in FIG. 7, that is, the electromagnetic field mode coupled to the common coupling element 4, the electromagnetic field mode of V mode is 45.
The electromagnetic field mode of the H mode has an angular difference of -45° or -45°±180°.

Therefore, the electromagnetic field modes of the ■ mode and the H mode have an angular difference of 90 degrees from each other.

In the case of lacking a mode modification element as in the conventional case, the electromagnetic field mode in Fig. 7 also becomes the electromagnetic field mode shown in Fig. 5 or 6, which not only causes coupling loss between modes but also It is impossible to adjust the resonance frequencies of the H mode and the H mode so that they are different from each other.

In the dielectric resonator of the present invention, by adjusting the insertion length of the mode modifying element 7, an elliptically polarized wave component having an angular difference of 45° with respect to the ■ mode and the H mode is generated, and the ■ mode coupling element portion and Unnecessary modes are canceled in the H-mode coupling element section, interference between the ■mode and H mode is removed, and the electromagnetic field mode that correctly couples to the common coupling element 4 is generated in the common coupling element section, as shown in FIG. V-mode and H-mode resonance levels having different frequencies are taken out from the common coupling element 4.

The above description has been made of the case where the coupling elements 5 and 6 are on the input side and the common coupling element 4 is on the output side, but the case where the common coupling element 4 is on the input side and the coupling elements 5 and 6 are on the output side is also applicable It goes without saying that it operates in the same way.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention, in which numeral 1 denotes a common outer conductor, which is made of a TE++ cutoff waveguide as in the previous embodiment. 21 and 22 are resonant elements, each of which is HEI+6 made of a dielectric material with a high permittivity as in the previous embodiment.
It consists of a mode dielectric resonant element. Reference numeral 3 designates a support body common to the resonant elements 21 and 22, and is made of the same material as in the previous embodiment.

4 is a common coupling element, 51 and 52 are each a V-mode coupling element, 91 and S2 are each an H-mode resonant frequency fine adjustment element, and 71 and 72 are each a mode modification element.

Incidentally, the H mode coupling elements 61 and 62 and the ■ mode resonance frequency fine adjustment elements 81 and 82 are also provided at the same positions as in the previous embodiment, but these do not appear in FIG.

The formation manner and arrangement locations of each coupling element, mode modification element, resonant frequency fine adjustment element, etc. are the same as in the previous embodiment. Since the coupling attenuation is to be large, by appropriately adjusting the insertion lengths of the mode modification element and the resonant frequency fine adjustment element, two waves having different frequencies can be caused to resonate in the resonator on the dielectric resonance element 21 side. At the same time, the resonator on the dielectric resonant element 22 side can resonate with two waves having different frequencies from each other and also different from the resonant frequency on the resonant element 21 side, thereby forming a resonator common to a total of four waves. .

FIG. 9 is also a sectional view showing another embodiment of the invention, in which reference numerals 31 and 32 denote supports for the resonant elements 21 and 22, which are made of the same material and shape as the support 3 in each of the embodiments described above.

41 and 42 are loops forming common coupling elements, respectively, and are connected to a common coaxial terminal. ! 0 is a partition conductor wall, and other symbols and configurations are the same as in the previous embodiment.

In this embodiment, by providing the partition conductor wall 10 to increase the coupling attenuation between the dielectric resonant elements 21 and 22, the axial length of the outer conductor l is shortened compared to the previous embodiment, and the frequencies are mutually increased. A common resonator can be constructed for four different waves.

FIG. 10 is an equivalent circuit diagram for a single mode, either V mode or H mode, of the dielectric resonator of the present invention in which a common coupling element is formed using a probe, and this equivalent circuit diagram is based on the basic structure shown in FIG. It can be expressed using an equivalent circuit diagram.

In FIG. 11, r is the resistance of the resonant circuit, and X is the reactance.

FIG. 12 shows the single mode of the dielectric resonator of the present invention in which the common coupling element is formed by a loop, a coupling rod, a strip line, etc. having a length of λg/4 (λg is the tube wavelength) or an odd number multiple thereof. This equivalent circuit diagram can be represented by the equivalent circuit diagram in FIG. 13, and therefore, in this case as well, it can be represented by the basic equivalent circuit diagram shown in FIG.

FIG. 14 shows that the terminals to which the V-mode and H-mode coupling elements in the dielectric resonator of the present invention are connected (hereinafter abbreviated as coupling terminals) are terminated with a terminating resistor RL=1, and the common coupling elements are connected. This is an equivalent circuit diagram looking into the resonator from a terminal (hereinafter abbreviated as a common coupling terminal) connected to the resonator.

Zk=rk+j2n HH+H(1
)1+Zk In each of the above formulas, k: For a 2-wave resonator From 1 to 2 For a 4-wave resonator From 1 to 4 Qu: Load Q Quk: No load Q Figure 15 shows the 4-wave resonator according to the present invention. This is an equivalent circuit diagram when each coupling terminal in the resonator is terminated with a terminating resistor RL=1, and the input admittance yc seen from the common coupling terminal is expressed as follows.

FIG. 16 is an equivalent circuit diagram when the coupling terminals in the four-wave resonator of the present invention, excluding any one coupling terminal, are terminated with a terminating resistor RL=1, and TC is a common coupling terminal. Terminal 2 is the impedance of a resonant circuit with the coupling terminal kept open, and Tk is the coupling terminal kept open.

Letting tTk be the composite input admittance of a resonant circuit whose coupling terminal is terminated with a terminating resistor R=1, it is expressed as follows.

The basic matrix between the coupling terminal Tk and the common coupling terminal Tc [
−] is expressed by the following formula.

From equations (1) to (7), the voltage reflection coefficient rc at the common coupling terminal TC is given by equation (8), and the reflection losses t and c are given by equation (9).
Each can be calculated using the formula.

1+Yc Lc=20Jlog 1rcl...
(9) Terminate the other coupling terminals other than any one coupling terminal Tk and the common coupling terminal TC with a terminating resistor RL=1, and set the admittance Y looking from the coupling terminal Tk to the common coupling terminal Tc side.
Ck is expressed by equations (7) to (10), and voltage reflection coefficient rCk
is obtained by equation (11), and reflection loss LCk is obtained by equation (12).

1+Zk 1+Yck Lck=21ogl? ckI (dB)...
- (12) The transmission characteristics between the coupling terminal Tk and the common coupling terminal 10 can be obtained from equations (7) to (13).

...... (13) Figure 17 shows that the two arbitrary coupling terminals T and Tk in the four-wave resonator of the present invention shown in Figure 8 or Figure 9 are kept open, and the other two Connect the coupling terminal to the terminating resistor RL=1
This is an equivalent circuit diagram when the common coupling terminal TC is terminated with, for example, a resistance RL = 1 equivalent to an antenna. is the terminating resistance of the common coupling terminal,
YTjk is a composite admittance of a resonant circuit in which the coupling terminal is terminated with a terminating resistor RL=1.

If the admittance of the resonant circuit including the coupling terminals T' and Tk is expressed as 9j and 9j, then the composite admittance YTj
Since k is expressed as follows, the basic matrix [#''k] between the coupling terminal T and Tk is expressed by equation (15).

・ ・ ・ ・ (15) The coupling attenuation Ljk between the coupling terminals Tj and Tk is (15
) can be calculated using equation (16).

α=3+2(Z4+Zk)+Yrjk(1+23+:
Zt +Z3k)+2. zh In the dual-wave resonator of the present invention, it is expressed by the equation shown in FIG. 17, and the coupling amount LI2 between the coupling terminals Tj and Tk can be determined by the equation (18).

(17) (18) Effects of the Invention Since the dielectric resonator of the present invention can resonate with two waves or four waves having different frequencies, this can be used, for example, when constructing an antenna sharing device. In the case of the same number of communication channels, the number of resonators can be reduced by half or half compared to the conventional method,
Therefore, the antenna shared device can be made simple and compact.

Furthermore, when the dielectric resonator of the present invention is used, two to four resonators can be connected in parallel to each branch point of the common line in the antenna sharing device, so it is possible to connect each branch point in parallel as in the conventional antenna. Compared to the case where one resonator is branch-connected, when the number of communication paths is the same, the length of the common line can be shortened, and the electrical characteristics can be improved accordingly.

FIG. 18 is a curve diagram showing an example of the amount of coupling attenuation between each coupling terminal and the common coupling terminal in the prototype dual-wave resonator of the present invention explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7, and the horizontal axis is the transmission The frequency F (MHz) is the vertical axis, and the attenuation amount -ATT (dB).

FIG. 19 is a curve diagram showing an example of the amount of coupling attenuation between each coupling terminal and the common coupling terminal in the prototype of the four-wave resonator of the present invention explained with reference to FIG.
It is similar to the figure.

As is clear from both figures, the resonator of the present invention has good electrical characteristics in both the two-wave resonator and the four-wave resonator.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 4, 8 and 9 are sectional views showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 5 to 7 are operation explanatory diagrams,
10 to 17 are equivalent circuit diagrams for explaining the characteristics of the resonator of the present invention, FIGS. 18 and 18 are curve diagrams showing an example of the characteristics of the resonator of the present invention, and FIGS. 21st
The figure is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional resonator, and FIGS. 22 and 23 are diagrams showing electromagnetic field distribution in a conventional resonator, in which 1: external conductor, 2, 21, and 22: resonant element, 3,
31 and 32: support of the resonant element, 4, 41 and 42:
Common coupling element, 5t51+52 and 6: coupling element, 7.
71 and 72: mode modification elements, 8, 9, 9. and 82
: Resonant frequency fine adjustment element, 10: Partition conductor wall, 11: External conductor, 12: Resonant element, 13: Support for resonant element, 1
4 and 15: input/output coupling probe, 18: coupling adjustment element.

Claims (10)

[Claims] (1) An outer conductor consisting of a TE_1_1 cutoff waveguide and a HE_1_1_δ provided coaxially within this outer conductor.
A mode dielectric resonance element, a common coupling element for V mode and H mode provided on the outer conductor, and a V mode provided on the outer conductor with an angular difference of 45° or 45°±180° with respect to the common coupling element. a mode coupling element, an H-mode coupling element provided on the outer conductor with an angular difference of -45° or -45°±180° with respect to the common coupling element, and an angular difference of 0° or 0° with respect to the common coupling element. A mode modification element provided on the external conductor with an angular difference of ±n90° (n is any positive integer) and a V-mode resonance frequency provided on the external conductor so as to be in the same direction as the V-mode coupling element. A dielectric resonator comprising: a fine adjustment element; and an H mode resonant frequency fine adjustment element provided on the outer conductor so as to be in the same direction as the H mode coupling element. (2) The common coupling element, the V-mode coupling element, and the H-mode coupling element each consist of a probe, and the axial direction of the V-mode coupling probe is 45° with respect to the axial direction of the common coupling probe.
or 45° ± 180°, and the axial direction of the H-mode coupling probe has an angular difference of -45° or -45° ± 180° with respect to the axial direction of the common coupling probe. The dielectric resonator according to item 1. (3) The common coupling element, V-mode coupling element, and H-mode coupling element each consist of a loop, and the loop plane of the V-mode coupling loop has an angular difference of 45° or 45° ± 180° with respect to the loop plane of the common coupling loop. , and the loop surface of the H-mode coupling loop is - with respect to the loop surface of the common coupling loop.
The dielectric resonator according to claim 1, having an angular difference of 45° or -45°±180°. (4) Part of the common coupling element, V-mode coupling element, and H-mode coupling element consists of a probe, and the rest consists of a loop, and the V-mode coupling element is relative to the common coupling element in the axial direction and loop plane of the probe. 45° or 45°±180°, and the H-mode coupling element has an angular difference of -45° or -45°±180° with respect to the common coupling element. dielectric resonator. (5) The common coupling element consists of a coupling rod, the V-mode coupling element and the H-mode coupling element each consist of a probe, and the axial direction of the V-mode coupling probe is at an angle of 45° or 45°± with respect to the axial direction of the coupling rod. It has an angular difference of 180°,
The dielectric resonator according to claim 1, wherein the axial direction of the H-mode coupling probe has an angular difference of -45° or -45°±180° with respect to the axial direction of the coupling rod. (6) The common coupling element consists of a coupling rod, the V-mode coupling element and the H-mode coupling element each consist of a loop, and the loop plane of the V-mode coupling loop is at an angle of 45° or 45°± with respect to the axial direction of the coupling rod. The dielectric according to claim 1, wherein the loop plane of the H-mode coupling loop has an angular difference of -45° or -45°±180° with respect to the axial direction of the coupling rod. body resonator. (7) The common coupling element consists of a coupling rod, one of the V-mode coupling element and the H-mode coupling element consists of a probe, and the other consists of a loop, and the V-mode coupling element is composed of a probe in the axial direction and the loop plane of the probe. It has an angular difference of 45° or 45° ± 180° with respect to the axial direction of the connecting rod,
The dielectric resonator according to claim 1, wherein the H-mode coupling element has an angular difference of -45° or -45°±180° with respect to the axial direction of the coupling rod. (8) The common coupling element consists of a stripline, the V-mode coupling element and the H-mode coupling element each consist of a probe, and the axial direction of the V-mode coupling probe is at an angle of 45° or 45°± with respect to the longitudinal direction of the stripline. 1
The angle difference is 80 degrees, and the axial direction of the H-mode coupling probe is -45 degrees or - with respect to the longitudinal direction of the stripline.
Claim 1 having an angular difference of 45°±180°
Dielectric resonator as described in section. (9) The common coupling element consists of a stripline, the V-mode coupling element and the H-mode coupling element each consist of a loop, and
The loop plane of the mode coupling loop is 45° or 45°±18
The angle difference is 0°, and the loop plane of the H-mode coupling loop is -45° or -4 with respect to the longitudinal direction of the stripline.
The dielectric resonator according to claim 1, having an angular difference of 5°±180°. (10) The common coupling element consists of a strip line, and V
One of the mode coupling element and the H mode coupling element consists of a probe, and the other consists of a loop, and the V mode coupling element is at an angle of 45 degrees or 45 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction of the strip line with respect to the axial direction and loop surface of the probe. ±
The angle difference is 180°, and the H-mode coupling element is at -45° or -45°±1 with respect to the longitudinal direction of the strip line.
A dielectric resonator according to claim 1 having an angular difference of 80°.