JPH01158400A - Radioactive waste solidifying method and its device - Google Patents
Radioactive waste solidifying method and its deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01158400A JPH01158400A JP31625587A JP31625587A JPH01158400A JP H01158400 A JPH01158400 A JP H01158400A JP 31625587 A JP31625587 A JP 31625587A JP 31625587 A JP31625587 A JP 31625587A JP H01158400 A JPH01158400 A JP H01158400A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- solidifying
- ice
- waste
- radioactive waste
- solidifying material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002901 radioactive waste Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 Zircaloy-4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001026 inconel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010814 metallic waste Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012857 radioactive material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011400 blast furnace cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002927 high level radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002925 low-level radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、発熱を有する廃棄物の固化方法および装置に
係り、特に固化剤として水硬性固化材を利用する場合に
好適な放射性廃棄物の固化方法および装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for solidifying waste that generates heat, and particularly to a method and apparatus for solidifying radioactive waste that is suitable for using a hydraulic solidifying material as a solidifying agent. The present invention relates to a solidification method and apparatus.
従来の放射性廃棄物の固化方法は、特開昭５８−１５５
３９８号に記載のように、水硬性固化材の粉末と所定量
の水を添加後、これらを混合してペースト状にする。そ
して、あらかじめ廃棄物を充填した容器の上部から固化
材ペーストを注入し固化する方法となっていた。The conventional method of solidifying radioactive waste is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 155-1983.
As described in No. 398, powder of a hydraulic solidifying material and a predetermined amount of water are added and then mixed to form a paste. The conventional method was to inject the solidifying material paste from the top of a container filled with waste in advance and solidify it.
上記従来技術は、低レベル放射性廃棄物を対象としてい
るため、中・高レベル放射性廃棄物のように発熱を有す
る廃棄物については、配慮がされておらず、廃棄物の発
熱量の影響で、急激な水分蒸発及び硬化反応促進による
粘性上昇が起こり、固化が困難になるという問題があっ
た。Since the above conventional technology targets low-level radioactive waste, it does not take into consideration waste that generates heat such as medium and high-level radioactive waste, and due to the influence of the calorific value of waste, There was a problem in that viscosity increased due to rapid water evaporation and acceleration of the curing reaction, making solidification difficult.
本発明の目的は、固化材に与える廃棄物の発熱の影響を
抑制することにより、発熱を有する廃棄物の固化を可能
にすることにある。An object of the present invention is to make it possible to solidify waste that generates heat by suppressing the influence of heat generated by the waste on the solidifying material.
上記目的は、水硬化性固化材の含有水分を氷の状態で廃
棄物へ注入すること、つまり、添加水のかわりに細かく
砕いた氷を使用することにより、達成される。The above object is achieved by injecting the water content of the hydraulic solidification material into the waste in the form of ice, ie by using finely crushed ice instead of added water.
水硬化性固化材中の水分が氷であるため、実際に固化体
になるまでには、以下の３段階を得なければならない。Since the water in the hydraulic solidifying material is ice, the following three stages must be completed before it actually becomes a solidified material.
第１段階：氷が溶解して水になる。Stage 1: Ice melts and becomes water.
第２段階：固化付固形分が水に溶解する。Second stage: solidified solids are dissolved in water.
第３段階：固化材の硬化反応が開始する。Third stage: The curing reaction of the solidifying material begins.
前記の問題点は、廃棄物が充填された容器に固化材を充
填すると、固化材の充填が完了する前に廃棄物から熱が
伝わり、注入困難になってしまう事であった。The above-mentioned problem is that when a container filled with waste is filled with solidifying material, heat is transferred from the waste before the filling of the solidifying material is completed, making it difficult to pour the solidifying material into the container.
固化材の充填が完了するまでの固化付注入時は。When injecting with solidification until filling of solidification material is completed.
硬化反応が遅く、固化材の粘性がなるべく低い方が、注
入性には望しい。It is desirable for injectability that the curing reaction is slow and the viscosity of the solidifying material is as low as possible.
逆に固化材の充填が完了した後は、安定性の点からもな
るべく早く硬化する方が望しい。On the other hand, after the filling of the solidifying material is completed, it is desirable to harden it as quickly as possible from the viewpoint of stability.
本発明によると、注入時、つまり固化材の充填が完了す
るまでは、廃棄物の発熱は上記に示した第１段階の氷が
水に溶解する際の反応熱として寄与するため、これまで
問題になっていた硬化反応促進を抑制する方向に働く。According to the present invention, at the time of injection, that is, until the filling of the solidifying material is completed, the heat generated by the waste contributes as the reaction heat when the ice melts in water in the first stage shown above, which has previously been a problem. It works in the direction of suppressing the acceleration of the curing reaction.
次に固化材の充填が完了後は、廃棄物の熱は、先に示し
た第２段階、第３段階を早める効果があり、硬化反応を
促進する方向に働く。Next, after the filling of the solidifying material is completed, the heat of the waste has the effect of hastening the second and third stages described above, and acts in the direction of accelerating the hardening reaction.
以下、本発明の一実施例を第１図、第２図により説明す
る。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
固化容器に発熱性を有する廃棄物を充填する。The solidification container is filled with exothermic waste.
次に混練槽に所定量の固化材粉末と、細粒化した氷を充
填し、混練機で撹拌する。あらかじめ廃棄物を充填した
容器の上から、固化材を注入する。Next, a predetermined amount of solidifying material powder and finely divided ice are filled into a kneading tank, and the mixture is stirred by a kneading machine. The solidifying material is injected into the container filled with waste in advance.
固化付注入時に、廃棄物の発熱は、固化材と混練した氷
が水に溶解する際の反応熱として寄与するため、硬化反
応を抑制し、廃棄物への注入が可能となる。During injection with solidification, the heat generated from the waste contributes as reaction heat when the ice kneaded with the solidification material dissolves in water, so the curing reaction is suppressed and injection into the waste becomes possible.
廃棄物の材質がジルカロイ−４で、固化材が、ケイ酸ア
ルカリ組成物の場合について検討した結果を第２図に示
す。FIG. 2 shows the results of a study in which the waste material was Zircaloy-4 and the solidifying material was an alkali silicate composition.
廃棄物の自己発熱量を０〜７００Ｗ／ドラムまで変化さ
せ、添加水として、水を使用した場合と、氷を使用した
場合について実験を行った。。Experiments were conducted by varying the self-heating value of the waste from 0 to 700 W/drum, and using water and ice as the added water. .
横軸に、ドラム缶に収納した廃棄物の発熱量を示し、た
て軸に固化材の注入完了時間を示す。The horizontal axis shows the calorific value of the waste stored in the drum, and the vertical axis shows the time to complete the injection of the solidifying material.
ｓ２図に示すように、添加水として水を使用した場合、
廃棄物発熱量が、約３００Ｗ／ドラムを越えると、固化
材中の水分が蒸発すると同時に、熱の影響で硬化反応が
促進され、固化材の粘性が著しく高くなり、固化材の注
入が不可能となった。As shown in s2 diagram, when water is used as added water,
When the waste calorific value exceeds approximately 300W/drum, the moisture in the solidifying material evaporates and at the same time the curing reaction is accelerated by the influence of heat, making the viscosity of the solidifying material extremely high, making it impossible to inject the solidifying material. It became.
また、１００Ｗ／ドラム〜２００Ｗ／ドラムへの固化材
注入時間が、ＯＷ／ドラムの注入時間より、少なくなる
のは、水硬化性固化材が、初期においては、ある程度の
温度が高い方が粘性が低く、注入性が良好になる特徴を
有しているからである。Also, the reason why the time for injecting the solidifying material into 100W/drum to 200W/drum is shorter than the injection time for OW/drum is because the water-curable solidifying material initially becomes more viscous at a certain high temperature. This is because it has the characteristics of low injection properties and good injection properties.
これは、粉末状固化材と添加水を混練すると、添加水に
固化材粉末が溶解し、固化材がペースト状になる。完全
に粉末が溶解した時が最も粘性が低くなり、注入性が良
くなる。粉末が溶解するのには、温度が高い方が良い条
件となり、１００〜２００Ｗ／ドラムの発熱量の時に良
好な注入性を示した。This is because when the powdered solidifying material and added water are kneaded, the solidifying material powder is dissolved in the added water, and the solidifying material becomes paste-like. When the powder is completely dissolved, the viscosity is the lowest and the injectability is improved. A higher temperature is a better condition for dissolving the powder, and good injection properties were shown at a heating value of 100 to 200 W/drum.
２００Ｗ／ドラム以上の発熱量になると、固化材粉末が
溶解する段階を得て、さらに硬化が進行するため、粘性
が著しく上昇していくことにより。When the calorific value exceeds 200 W/drum, a stage is reached where the solidifying material powder dissolves, and curing further progresses, resulting in a significant increase in viscosity.
注入性が悪くなる。Injectability deteriorates.
一方、添加水の代わりに、細粒化した氷を使用すると、
廃棄物発熱量７００Ｗ／ドラムまで、注入可能となる。On the other hand, if granulated ice is used instead of added water,
It is possible to inject waste calorific value up to 700W/drum.
廃棄物発熱量がＯＷ／ドラムの時、添加水が水の場合に
比べ氷の場合の方が、注入時間が長くかかるのは、固化
付粉体と氷の混合物は、流動性が悪いためである。２０
０〜４００Ｗ／ドラムの時がＯＷ／ドラムの時より注入
時間がかかるのは添加水が水の場合と同様の理由による
°。When the waste calorific value is OW/drum, the injection time is longer when the added water is ice than when the added water is water because the mixture of solidified powder and ice has poor fluidity. be. 20
The reason why the injection time is longer when using 0 to 400 W/drum than when using OW/drum is due to the same reason as when the added water is water.
〈実施例１〉 本発明の具体的実施例を、第１図により説明する。<Example 1> A specific embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG.
固化材として、ケイ酸アルカリ組成物の粉体１を固化材
タンク２から１９０ｋｇを混練タンク８へ入れる。水３
を製氷機４で氷にして、破砕機５で細粒化する。氷計量
タンク６で氷を６０ｋｇ計量したのち、混線タンク８へ
充填する。As a solidifying agent, 190 kg of powder 1 of an alkali silicate composition is put from a solidifying agent tank 2 into a kneading tank 8. water 3
The ice is made into ice by an ice maker 4, and the ice is made into fine particles by a crusher 5. After weighing 60 kg of ice in the ice measuring tank 6, it is filled into the crosstalk tank 8.
固化付粉体と氷を、混線タンク８の中で混線機７で混合
する。The solidified powder and ice are mixed by a mixer 7 in a mixer tank 8.
固化容器１１に、３００Ｗ／ドラムの板状ジルカロイ−
４（１０）を充填し、上記の固化付粉体と氷の混合物９
を固化容器１１の上部から充填する。A plate-shaped Zircaloy of 300W/drum is placed in the solidification container 11.
4 (10) and the above solidified powder and ice mixture 9
is filled from the top of the solidification container 11.
固化材は、１０分後に注入完了し、硬化後の固化体は、
空隙もなく健全であった。The injection of the solidifying material was completed after 10 minutes, and the solidified material after hardening was
It was healthy with no voids.
〈実施例２〉 本発明の実施例２を、第１図により説明する。<Example 2> A second embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG.
固化材として、ケイ酸アルカリ組成物の粉体１を固化材
タンク２から１６０ｋｇを混練タンク８へ入れる。水３
を製氷機４で氷にして、破砕機５で細粒化する。氷計量
タンク６で氷を０ｋｇ計量したのち、混線タンク８へ充
填する。As a solidifying agent, 160 kg of powder 1 of an alkali silicate composition is put from a solidifying agent tank 2 into a kneading tank 8. water 3
The ice is made into ice by an ice maker 4, and the ice is made into fine particles by a crusher 5. After weighing 0 kg of ice in the ice measuring tank 6, it is filled into the crosstalk tank 8.
固化付粉体と氷を、混線タンク８の中で混練機７で混合
する。The solidified powder and ice are mixed by a kneader 7 in a mixing tank 8.
固化容器１１に、５００Ｗ／ドラムの廃棄物である棒状
ステンレス１０を充填し、上記の固化付粉体と氷の混合
物９を固化容器１１の上部から充填する。A solidification container 11 is filled with bar-shaped stainless steel 10 which is a waste product of 500 W/drum, and the above solidified powder and ice mixture 9 is filled from the top of the solidification container 11.
固化材は、２０分後に注入完了し、硬化後の固化体は、
空隙もなく健全であった。The injection of the solidifying material was completed after 20 minutes, and the solidified material after hardening was
It was healthy with no voids.
〈実施例３〉 本発明の実施例３を以下に説明する。<Example 3> Example 3 of the present invention will be described below.
実施例１及び２で示した固化材を、ケイ酸アルカリ組成
物のかわりに、ポルトランドセメント、・シリカセメン
ト、高炉セメント、アルミナセメント及びこれらセメン
トの混合物、あるいは、これらセメントを含む混合物を
使用した場合も、実施例１及び２と同様の効果が得られ
る。When the solidifying agent shown in Examples 1 and 2 is used instead of the alkali silicate composition, Portland cement, silica cement, blast furnace cement, alumina cement, a mixture of these cements, or a mixture containing these cements. Also, the same effects as in Examples 1 and 2 can be obtained.
〈実施例４〉
実施例１〜３は、あらかじめ廃棄物を充填した固化容器
の上部から固化材を充填したが、先に固化材を充填し、
さらに上部から廃棄物を充填しても同様の効果が得られ
る。<Example 4> In Examples 1 to 3, the solidification material was filled from the top of the solidification container filled with waste in advance, but the solidification material was first filled,
A similar effect can also be obtained by filling the waste from the top.
本発明によれば、固化材に与える廃棄物の発熱の影響を
抑制することができるので、発熱体を水硬化性固化材で
固化処理可能となる。According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the influence of waste heat generation on the solidifying material, so that the heating element can be solidified with the hydraulic solidifying material.
Claims (1)
固化する方法であつて、 水硬化性固化材の添加水として氷を用いることを特徴と
する放射性廃棄物の固化方法。 ２、特許請求の範囲第１項において、放射性廃棄物を容
器へ充填した後、水硬化性固化材及び添加水として氷を
注入することを特徴とする放射性廃棄物の固化方法。 ３、特許請求の範囲第１項において、水硬化性固化材及
び添加水として氷を注入した後、放射性廃棄物を容器へ
充填することを特徴とする放射性廃棄物の固化方法。 ４、特許請求の範囲第１項、第２項または第３項におい
て、水硬化性固化材として、セメント若しくはセメント
を含有する混合物を使用することを特徴とする放射性廃
棄物の固化方法。 ５、特許請求の範囲第１項、第２項または第３項におい
て、水硬化性固化材として、ケイ酸アルカリ組成物若し
くはケイ酸アルカリ組成物を含有する混合物を使用する
ことを特徴とする放射性廃棄物の固化方法。 ６、特許請求の範囲第１項〜第５項のいずれかにおいて
、発熱を有する放射性廃棄物が、ステンレス、ジルカロ
イ−４、インコネル等の金属廃棄物でることを特徴とす
る放射性廃棄物の固化方法。 ７、特許請求の範囲第１項〜第６項のいずれかにおいて
、前記氷は細粒化されていることを特徴とする放射性廃
棄物の固化方法。 ８、発熱を有する放射性廃棄物を固化容器に充填する手
段と、 水硬化性固化材の添加水である氷を作成する手段と、 水硬化性固化材と添加水である氷を混合する手段と、 前記固化容器に水硬化性固化材と氷の混合物を注入する
手段と を有することを特徴とする放射性廃棄物の固化装置。 ９、特許請求の範囲第８項において、前記氷を作成する
手段は、氷を細粒化する手段を有することを特徴とする
放射性廃棄物の固化装置。[Claims] 1. A method for solidifying radioactive waste that generates heat using a hydraulic solidifying material, characterized in that ice is used as water added to the hydraulic solidifying material. Method. 2. A method for solidifying radioactive waste according to claim 1, characterized in that after filling the container with radioactive waste, a hydraulic solidifying material and ice as added water are injected. 3. A method for solidifying radioactive waste according to claim 1, which comprises injecting a hydraulic solidifying material and ice as added water, and then filling the container with the radioactive waste. 4. A method for solidifying radioactive waste according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that cement or a mixture containing cement is used as the hydraulic solidifying material. 5. A radioactive material according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that an alkali silicate composition or a mixture containing an alkali silicate composition is used as the hydraulic solidifying material. Method of solidifying waste. 6. A method for solidifying radioactive waste according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the radioactive waste that generates heat is metal waste such as stainless steel, Zircaloy-4, Inconel, etc. . 7. A method for solidifying radioactive waste according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the ice is made into fine particles. 8. A means for filling a solidification container with radioactive waste that generates heat; A means for creating ice, which is water added to a hydraulic solidifying agent; and A means for mixing the hydraulic solidifying agent and ice, which is added water. . An apparatus for solidifying radioactive waste, comprising means for injecting a mixture of a hydraulic solidifying material and ice into the solidifying container. 9. The apparatus for solidifying radioactive waste according to claim 8, wherein the means for creating ice includes means for pulverizing ice.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31625587A JPH01158400A (en) | 1987-12-16 | 1987-12-16 | Radioactive waste solidifying method and its device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31625587A JPH01158400A (en) | 1987-12-16 | 1987-12-16 | Radioactive waste solidifying method and its device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01158400A true JPH01158400A (en) | 1989-06-21 |
Family
ID=18075061
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31625587A Pending JPH01158400A (en) | 1987-12-16 | 1987-12-16 | Radioactive waste solidifying method and its device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01158400A (en) |
-
1987
- 1987-12-16 JP JP31625587A patent/JPH01158400A/en active Pending
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