JPH01151642A - Method of asphalt waterproof construction - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To prevent swelling of a watertight layer by performing finish roofing work on the upper surface of a lining roofing sheet comprising a water- impermeable sheet, an insulating layer, an adhesive layer, and a release sheet all of which are laminated in turn. CONSTITUTION: In a lining roofing sheet 12 comprising a water-impermeable sheet 1 made of a bituminous material, an insulating layer 2, an adhesive layer 3, and a release sheet 4, all of which are laminated in turn over a bed, the adhesive layer 2 has adhesive material partly applied thereto so that its portions where the adhesive material does not exist are all communicated with one another. The adhesive material of the adhesive layer 3 is continuously applied to only one side of the lining roofing sheet 12. Finish roofing work is performed on the upper surface of such a lining roofing sheet 12.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention is applicable to asphalt,
This article relates to an asphalt waterproofing method using bituminous roofing such as polymer-modified asphalt.

(Prior Art) Asphalt waterproofing is the most frequently used waterproofing method used in parts of buildings that require waterproofing, including flat roofs, and is said to be one of the most representative waterproofing methods.

Asphalt waterproofing involves (a) a thermal construction method in which asphalt is heated and melted at the construction site, and this molten asphalt is spread over the entire surface of the base, while several layers of asphalt roofing are laminated to form a waterproof layer;
(b) Deliver a relatively thick asphalt roofing, LPG packed in a cylinder, and a torch burner to the construction site, and melt the asphalt layer coated on the back of the roofing while roasting the back side of the asphalt roofing with a torch burner. Torch method asphalt waterproofing method is known, in which the asphalt is pasted onto the base. In this construction method, the roofing is usually made of a single layer or two layers to form a waterproof layer.

In addition, the roofing sheets used in the above two types of asphalt waterproofing methods include those molded with blown asphalt, and those molded with SBS, which is intended to improve the quality of asphalt.
There is one made of polymer-modified asphalt, which is made by uniformly mixing asphalt with a synthetic polymer material such as APP (in the present invention, both materials are collectively referred to as bituminous roofing).

The following difficulties have been pointed out in waterproofing methods using bituminous roofing, including roofing using polymer-modified asphalt.

l) Thermal construction method The asphalt waterproofing construction method is a construction method that uses a large amount of heated and melted asphalt to form a waterproof layer by laminating 2 to 5 layers of asphalt roofing as described above. , emit a large amount of smoke and odor to the surrounding area, polluting the surrounding environment. Furthermore, the amount of asphalt required to be brought in is large, requiring one hour of labor, cost, and storage space. Furthermore, before starting the roofing installation work, a large amount of asphalt must first be melted, which takes a considerable amount of time.

2) Torch method asphalt waterproofing method is a construction method developed to solve the aforementioned problems of thermal asphalt waterproofing method, the trouble of transporting and installing an asphalt melting pot, and the risk of burns for workers. The waterproof layer is usually formed by laminating one to two roofing layers.

Although this construction method solves the above-mentioned problems seen in the thermal construction method, the construction efficiency is extremely low compared to the thermal construction method. Therefore, if you try to make roofing with one layer, it is difficult to obtain a sufficiently reliable waterproof layer.

3) When forming a waterproof layer, so-called heat insulation and waterproofing work is often carried out, in which a heat insulating material is pasted on the base in advance and a waterproof layer is formed on the top surface of the heat insulating material. When forming a waterproof layer using the torch asphalt waterproofing method, the heat insulating material may be made of inexpensive general-purpose synthetic materials such as polyurethane foam, polyisocyanurate foam, phenolic resin foam, polystyrene foam, polyethylene foam, or polyvinyl chloride foam. It is difficult to use polymeric foams. When constructing the roofing by pushing the rolled roofing over the insulation and roasting the back side of the roofing with a torch burner, these foams can easily be deformed or ignited by the torch burner. This is because it is large.

Inorganic heat insulating materials such as foam glass, which replaces synthetic polymer foams, do not have these disadvantages, but are very expensive and have poor thermal insulation properties.

4) The following points are common problems in both thermal asphalt waterproofing methods and torch asphalt waterproofing methods.

In other words, in exposed waterproofing, where a waterproof layer is formed on the top surface of a roof slab such as concrete or various types of insulation materials, if the waterproof layer is formed in close contact with the entire surface of the base, the waterproofing will not be possible after construction. The layer receives direct sunlight,
Raise the temperature of the substrate.

At this time, the moisture contained in the concrete slab or other substrate evaporates, and the resulting pressure pushes up the waterproof layer, causing it to bulge in areas where the adhesive strength between the waterproof layer and the substrate is weak.

In both cases of thermal asphalt waterproofing and torch asphalt waterproofing, there is a high risk that this phenomenon will occur if the waterproof layer is in close contact with the entire surface of the base. In either case, various methods have been proposed in which the waterproof layer is partially adhered to the base as a means to avoid this phenomenon, but these methods suffer from insufficient adhesion to the base, insufficient ability to prevent blistering, reduced construction efficiency, and cost. There is still no fully satisfactory method that is accompanied by various difficulties such as close-up.

In addition, the blistering phenomenon of waterproof layers does not only occur in waterproof layers based on roof slabs that tend to absorb moisture, such as concrete, but also in insulating foams molded using Freon gas as a foaming agent, such as polyurethane foam and polyisocyanurate foam. This is attached to the top of the roof slab,
It has also been found that this phenomenon rarely occurs in an asphalt-based waterproof layer that is constructed on the upper surface of the heat insulating material layer in close contact with the entire surface thereof.

Roofing is pasted on the top surface of these foams while applying asphalt heated and melted at high temperature, and
When the underside of the roofing is roasted with a torch burner and the coated layer is melted and pasted onto the top of the insulation material, the Freon gas contained in the insulation material and sometimes some moisture may have been absorbed by the insulation material. , the moisture also rapidly expands and evaporates, and these gases become trapped in the form of bubbles within the layer of molten bituminous material between the insulation and roofing layers.

It is also estimated that the gas fixed in the form of bubbles between these layers causes the waterproof layer to swell after construction.

Furthermore, if the construction is carried out in such a condition, the adhesive force between the base and the waterproof layer will be lower than originally planned, which will not only cause the waterproof layer to swell, but also cause damage during strong winds. (Purpose) The purpose of the present invention is to prevent the above-mentioned asphalt waterproofing method that uses heated materials during construction, such as thermal asphalt waterproofing and torch asphalt waterproofing. The purpose of this invention is to broadly solve the problems of the prior art such as.

(Means to solve the problem) The asphalt waterproofing method of the present invention is as follows.

An underlay roofing sheet in which (A) a base, (B) a water-impermeable sheet made of a bituminous material, an insulating layer, an adhesive layer, and a release sheet are laminated in sequence, and the adhesive layer has a portion where no adhesive is present. The base roofing sheet has a structure in which the adhesive material is partially applied so that all the parts are connected, and the adhesive material of the adhesive layer is continuously applied on only one side of the base roofing sheet. The release sheet is peeled off and adhered to the base.

(C) Finishing roofing work is performed on the upper surface of the base roofing sheet.

The finishing roofing work that is carried out on the top of the base roofing is done by the thermal method of applying hot molten asphalt as described above, or by roasting the top surface of the base roofing and/or the bottom surface of the finish roofing with a torch burner. This is done using a torch method in which the bituminous material of the base roofing and/or finishing roofing is melted and pasted.

The water-impermeable sheet 1 made of the bituminous material in the base roofing is a base made of a fibrous sheet (for example, a non-woven fabric, a woven fabric, a braided fabric, etc.), a plastic sheet, a metal foil, or a laminated sheet of two or more of these. material layer 7
The base material layer 7 may be coated on both sides with a layer 6 of a bituminous material, or only one side of the base material layer 7 may be coated with a layer 6 of a bituminous material. The bituminous material herein means asphalt, coal tar, or modified asphalt or modified tar thereof. and modified asphalt (tar)
These are butyl rubber, polyisobutylene, styrene-butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, butadiene rubber, chlorinated polyethylene, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.

Styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer, styrene-
One or more substances selected from general-purpose polymer substances such as isoprene-styrene copolymer, natural rubber, polyethylene, polypropyline, atactic polypropylene, and polyvinyl chloride are added to asphalt cool. Further, it is preferable that a thin layer 8 of mineral powder particles be formed on the uppermost surface of the water-impermeable sheet (if the upper surface of the base layer is also coated with a bituminous material). The presence of mineral powder particles has the effect of preventing unnecessary adhesion of the product surface during and after molding, and general-purpose mineral powder particles such as silica powder, calcium carbonate, clay, and mica are used as mineral powder particles. A plastic film (preferably 8 to 30 microns thick) made of six-pronged polyethylene or polypropylene may be used instead. Mineral powder is preferred when construction is performed using a thermal method, and the above-mentioned plastic film is preferred when construction is performed using a torch method.

After construction, the insulating layer has no adhesive material on the lower surface of the impermeable layer in order to ensure a continuous gap formed between the adhesive-free part of the underlying roofing and the base, that is, a passage for expanding gas. As an insulating layer, which must be present in order to prevent the parts from adhering to the substrate, a plastic sheet (film), a metal foil or a mineral powder can be used. The plastics constituting the plastic sheet can be selected from general-purpose plastics, but since the concrete base is alkaline, those with high alkaline water resistance are preferred, and inexpensive polyethylene films and the like are preferred. Polyester film is preferable because it has high rigidity, but it has a drawback in alkali resistance, so it is preferable to use a laminate film with a polyethylene film laminated on the bottom surface, rather than using it alone. The metal foil may be any metal, but aluminum foil is common. Furthermore, when mineral powder is used, it should be a neutral to alkaline material. In addition, in order to enlarge the space of the continuous void formed between the insulating layer and the base, the particle size of the mineral powder particles is set relatively large, and the particle size is 50 mm.
It is preferably about 500 to 1500 μm, preferably about 2000 μm. If the particle size is larger than this, it will be difficult for the adhesive layer partially formed on the bottom surface of the insulating layer to stack up, and if the thickness of the adhesive layer to be coated is not increased,
This is not preferable because it becomes impossible to create a large gap between the base and the insulating layer. Furthermore, if mineral powder particles finer than those described above are used, the function as an insulating layer will be poor.

It is also possible to use other woven fabrics or woven fabrics as the insulating layer.

What is the application form of the adhesive material to form the adhesive layer?

It is necessary that the part 5 where no adhesive material is present is continuous (the part 3' where adhesive material is present may be continuous or discontinuous, but it may be discontinuous as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3). (Preferably.) This allows water vapor generated from the base such as concrete to escape to the outside, and prevents "blistering" from occurring. There is no particular restriction on the shape of the communicating portion as long as it meets the purpose of degassing, but a shape to which the adhesive material can be easily applied is often considered. An example of the shape is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The proportion of the adhesive-free area to the total plane is about 10 to 80%, preferably about 20 to 7%.
It is 0%.

Also, the reason why the continuous adhesive layer 3# is provided only on one side of the underlay roofing sheet is that the underlay roofing sheet is overlaid with the adjacent underlay roofing sheet at the end, so it improves the workability at that time. This is because we took into consideration the integrity of the finish, especially the ability to easily and reliably create watertight connections between adjacent roofings.
The width of this continuous adhesive layer 3 is not particularly limited, but is usually 3~
A suitable length is 20 cm, preferably about 5 to 15 cm.

Furthermore, it is also possible to form a similar continuous adhesive material M9 on the surface of the corresponding side of the continuous adhesive material layer in the aforementioned adhesive material layer. When forming an asphalt waterproof layer on a flat roof, the joints between adjacent loose wings must be reliably joined and integrated. In this sense, if the adhesive layer 9 is formed in advance in this way, the continuous adhesive layer 3# on the back side of the loose swing sheet that is installed adjacently will overlap, which will facilitate watertight bonding of the joint. Integration can be achieved. The width of the continuous adhesive layer 9 is 5 to 20 cm.
The extent is appropriate and it is formed continuously along one side of the loose swing. The continuous adhesive layer 9 will be overlapped with the continuous adhesive layer 3'' on the back side, but it is preferable to make the width of the continuous adhesive layer 9 larger than the width of the continuous adhesive layer 3# on the back side. This is desirable. The reason for this is to avoid that if the continuous adhesive layer 3" on the back side protrudes and adheres to the base, that part will obstruct the flow of air or water vapor between adjacent loose rings.

There are no particular restrictions on these adhesive materials, and general-purpose adhesive materials prepared using synthetic resin, synthetic rubber, natural rubber, recycled rubber, etc. as main raw materials that have good adhesion between the insulating layer and the base material such as concrete are used. It can be used if it has good alkaline water resistance. Since the present invention relates to an asphalt waterproofing method, it is preferable to use an adhesive material obtained by adding the above-mentioned synthetic polymer substance to asphalt.

A specific example of the adhesive material can have the following composition.

5BS (styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer) 20 parts by weight Petroleum resin (tackifier) 10 parts by weight Asphalt 40 parts by weight Process oil 30 parts by weight The coating thickness of the adhesive material depends on the material selected for the insulating layer. The setting is made with consideration given to widening the gap formed between the non-adhesive area and the base. It is sufficient if it is about 0.3 to 1.0 mm.

The surface of the adhesive layer is covered with a release sheet,
The material of the release sheet is not limited as long as it can be removed arbitrarily.

The above-mentioned underlaying loose rings are pasted on the entire surface of the base while removing the release sheet, but adjacent underlaying loose swings are applied either side by side or overlapping each other by about 3 to 20 cm.

When the construction is carried out in such a way that it is attached, it is desirable to attach a reinforcing tape with a width of 5 to 20 cm to the joint part using hot melt asphalt or by the torch method. In addition, when pasting the underlay reroofing, the adhesive layer 3# should be in an interrupted form as in the case 3'.

The material used for the reinforcing tape is preferably modified asphalt stretch roofing specified in JIS A 6022 Stretch Roofing.

Following the construction of the base loose swing, the finishing loose swing is attached to the top surface. Finished loose swings are installed by the usual thermal method using heated molten asphalt or by the torch method using a torch burner.

Materials that can be constructed using thermal construction methods and torch construction methods include materials specified in the above-mentioned JIS A 6022 Stretch Roofing, modified asphalt roofing, asphalt-based materials, and modified asphalt-based materials. Either can be adopted.

Furthermore, construction can be carried out while separately applying an asphalt-based adhesive. Adjacent finished loose swings can be attached in the same manner as underlaying loose swings, and may be superposed or overlapped in the same way as is normally done in the construction of loose swings.

In addition, in the waterproof layer to be formed, it is desirable that the bituminous material layers used therein be composed of the same or similar materials in all layers, and the bituminous materials constituting the underlying loose ring and the finishing loose ring are the same or similar. It is preferable to select those materials that are similar.

Furthermore, when carrying out the asphalt waterproofing method according to the present invention, a commercially available ventilator is installed at approximately one location per 50 m2, and the expanding gas generated from the base existing in the gap between the roofing roofing and the base is removed to the outside. It is preferable to diffuse it.

Example To show an example of the torch construction method, rigid polyurethane foam is pasted on the top surface of a concrete slab with an asphalt adhesive, and the underlay roofing described later is pasted on the top surface with an adjacent layer width of 101. The finished roofing for the torch construction method was constructed while being roasted with a torch burner, and the waterproof layer shown in FIG. 5 was obtained.

Base material Layer: 100g/% glass fiber nonwoven fabric Top anti-adhesive material: 12μ polyethylene film Insulation layer Futagawa sand (average particle size 1000μm) Coating thickness 0
．． 5 mm Coating pattern As shown in Figure 3, the base roofing with the above conditions was used to adhere to the base, and the final roofing work was performed on the top surface using the torch method to obtain the structure shown in Figure 5.

(Effects) In the asphalt waterproofing method, the present invention uses the lower roofing with the specific structure described above, thereby: (i) preventing the blistering phenomenon of the waterproofing layer; (...) when using the thermal method in finishing work. By using the above-mentioned specific underlayment roofing, the amount of asphalt used in the thermal construction method is halved compared to implementing waterproofing method using only the conventional thermal construction method, so the problems associated with the thermal construction method are also halved. Or eliminate it.

(■) When using the torch construction method, the work time can be significantly shortened compared to when waterproofing is carried out using only the conventional torch construction method, and the inexpensive synthetic resin foam can be used as an insulator. It can now be used as a material.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the base roofing sheet used in the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 show the relationship between the adhesive material application area 3' and the adhesive material-free area 5 of the base roofing sheet. FIG. Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional view of an example of waterproofing work completed by the asphalt waterproofing method of the present invention when the thermal method is used for the final roofing work, and Figure 5 shows the case where the torch method is used for the final roofing work. It is something. 1...Water-impermeable sheet 2...Insulating layer 3...Adhesive layer 3'...Adhesive material application area 3''...Continuous adhesive material layer on back side 4...Release sheet 5...Adhesive Material absent area 6
... Bituminous material layer 7 ... Base material layer 8 ... Mineral powder layer 9 ... Continuous adhesive layer on the surface 11 ... Base concrete 12 ... Base reroofing sheet 13 ... Finished roofing layer 14 ... Insulation material 15 ... Asphalt layer Patent applicant Tajima Roofing Co., Ltd. ml Tuko 41 yen 1 Ko 5

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An underlay roofing sheet comprising (A) a base, (B) a water-impermeable sheet made of a bituminous material, an insulating layer, an adhesive layer, and a release sheet, the adhesive layer being laminated in this order. Adhesive material is partially applied so that all the parts where no adhesive material is present are in a continuous state, and the adhesive material of the adhesive layer is continuously applied only on one side of the base roofing sheet. An asphalt waterproofing method comprising: adhering a structured base roofing sheet to a base while peeling off the release sheet, and (C) performing finishing roofing work on the top surface of the base roofing sheet. 2. The asphalt waterproofing method according to claim 1, wherein the base is a roof slab whose upper surface is covered with a heat insulating material. 3. The asphalt waterproofing method according to claims 1 and 2, wherein the finishing roofing work is performed by a so-called thermal method of pasting using heated molten asphalt. 4. In the finishing roofing work, the back side of the finishing asphalt roofing and/or the surface of the base roofing is attached while being heated with a torch burner, which is the so-called torch method.
, the asphalt waterproofing method described in item 2.