JPH01150727A - Method of adjusting air in indoor facility - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To eliminate the draft adjustment trouble and avoid propagating molds or bacteria by continuously controlling the air conditioning so as to meet air draft requirements in rooms, based on the no. of people or animals and amt. of a gas or dust so that a max. air velocity always remains not higher than specified draft limit. CONSTITUTION: The air conditioning is controlled in a single control center by individual controllers, i.e., control switches according to the air conditioning demand depending on a plurality of rooms. The size of the surface area of a filter is determined by a max. air quantity and max. air velocity is kept always not higher than specified draft limit. In four separate rooms e.g. introduced air flows in a filter 1 as shown by arrows, and the air is exhausted mechanically be a draft 3 at a roof as shown by arrow 12. When the draft requirement of the negative air change deteriorates, it is adjusted by the continuous control of an exhaust draft or roof draft 3.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an air conditioning method for indoor facilities in which inlet air is taken in through a filter and air is mechanically discharged.

[Conventional technology]

The installations known in this field mainly treat the exhaust air mechanically and are mostly based on the mechanical ventilation principle using roof ventilators or fans. Ventilation is provided through windows, doors, and vents. Incorporate from the window and hatch that I heard again. When using a duct, the velocity of the air is determined by the fact that the cross-sectional area of the air introduction tube is relatively small; 1. 5 to 5 meters per second.

Mechanical air conditioning has the following deficiencies:

- The equipment requires high-velocity airflow and a variety of equipment, which generates noise and ground-like sounds.

- Mold and bacteria are rampant in equipment piping, causing infectious diseases such as influenza.

- The air flow through the equipment is rapid (therefore, dust is constantly floating in the air, causing rheumatism and causing discomfort to the people in the room.

Due to the high flow rate of air, the air filtration action of the equipment cannot effectively purify the air. Pipes accumulate dust, so cleaning pipes in hotels, schools, etc. is an annual event. If cleaning is not successful even when the airflow is made high-speed, the introduced airflow will pollute the walls and ceiling, and in the worst case scenario, it will not be possible to bring clean air into the room as originally intended.

-This equipment serves to transmit sounds and odors from room to room.

-This equipment can cause a fire to start. Dry dust in the duct system is flammable and static discharge can cause ignition.

- In this installation, passive filling of air is eliminated. Some studies have shown that a 0.5 m length of tube is sufficient to remove small ions from the negatively charged air. Positively charged oxygen molecules are obtained from plumbing equipment. Human alveoli have a structure that allows air to be inhaled more easily when the oxygen molecules have a negative charge.

- This equipment cannot control the flow of air even if the room is occupied or re-entered (restaurant, home, office, etc.). Individual air control in each room creates the troublesome problem of simultaneously considering the amount of inlet air and exhaust air.

- Due to the small amount of air introduced by this equipment,
Ventilation through windows is normally used, and during the winter, energy
cause loss. At subcommittee meetings, be sure to avoid impure air and noise from outside.

- The equipment is not suitable for use in situations requiring protection against e.g. radioactive dust. Air filtration is not always possible due to the high velocity air flow.

- This equipment is expensive and requires competent maintenance technicians.

- Ventilation is always insufficient due to the small and uneven surface of the ventilation system.

- Due to the small filtration area of wall vents, the filters become clogged in a short period of time, requiring frequent replacement.

- This conventional installation generally creates sub-atmospheric pressure conditions that, in radon-infested areas, result in radon gas moving through the room.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention and Means for Solving the Problems] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned defects.

To achieve that objective, the method provided by the present invention step-by-step sets air conditioning limits to meet the air ventilation requirements of each room based on the number of people, number of animals, amount of gas or dust. , characterized in that the air velocity normally does not exceed approximately 0.1 m/s, i.e. the draft limit.

〔effect〕

According to the method of the present invention, the following advantages can be obtained.

Trouble with ventilation adjustment.

The amount of air in one room is effectively improved.

- No growth of mold or bacteria.

- The particle passage blocking of the filtration material is several tens of thousands due to the low air flow rate.
We can expect an increase of as much as %.

Protection against radioactive dust is achieved in this way.

There is no noise transmission from room to room.

- The properties of air in terms of charge properties are improved (by neutralization with ionic charges in the air).

- ventilation can be easily controlled in relation to the number and behavior of occupants in the room, e.g. physical or administrative work;

No need for ventilation through a single window.

One piece of equipment becomes cheaper, and it can be applied uniformly regardless of whether the building is old or new.

There is no need to train specialized engineers to install and maintain the equipment.

〔Example〕

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, air conditioning control is provided in a single control center by separate controllers or control switches in response to the air conditioning needs of multiple rooms. This makes it possible, for example, to control multiple rooms in a restaurant at one location, with each roof ventilation system being controlled separately from a control center. Control is also directed to controllable exhaust valves according to the ventilation needs of each room.

Another embodiment is characterized in that the surface area of the filter is dimensioned by a maximum air volume such that the maximum air flow velocity is always kept below a predetermined draft limit.

Referring to the drawings, FIG. 1 shows four separate chambers through which inlet air flows through the filter 1 as indicated by the arrows. The air is mechanically discharged by the roof venting device 3 as indicated by the arrow 2.
This is done using the method shown below.

If room A has a maximum ventilation requirement for air conditioning for, say, five people, then:

Room A 5 people (71 per second per person) = 351 per second = 126d per hour room 8 4 people = 28It per second = 101nf per hour room 0 2 people = 141! per second = 502 rooms per hour D 4 people = 281 per second = 10 In? Maximum ventilation for all rooms A, B, C, and D per hour is 1
051 per second = 378n? per hour, and the maximum amount of air required is 105β per hour. Therefore, the roof ventilation system is 13
Select one with a capacity of 01 per second.

To avoid drafts, the air velocity is set to 0.
The speed must be 1 m/s or less. Determining the dimensions of the filter aperture: In chamber A, for example, if the maximum dimension of the aperture is approximately 0.4 r/. Therefore, the maximum air velocity is 0.1 m/s,
That is, it is below the draft limit.

In chamber B, if the maximum dimension of the opening is approximately 0.32 rrr, then. Each room is ventilated below draft limits.

As the ventilation requirements of negative air changes decrease, this is regulated by stepless control of the exhaust vent or roof vent.

The low velocity air flow air conditioning and venting system establishes a starting point such that the filter surface area of the inlet air opening is large enough to not exceed the desired air flow rate even at maximum air output. Ventilation windows fitted with filters are used almost exclusively for this purpose.

FIG. 2 shows a restaurant divided into three sections with windows as shown. Control center 4 in Figure 4
is located in section E of the restaurant.

This restaurant seats 120 people. Section E.

It is divided into F and G, and each section has 40 seats.

With a 300 m height filter and an air volume of up to 9001 m/s, the maximum air flow velocity is less than 0.1 m/s. For example, at a filter area of 9d, the maximum airflow velocity is 0.1 m/s.

The amount of air is adjusted by the control center depending on the number of people in each compartment. In a crowded restaurant, each control is at its maximum, and when there are no customers, it is adjusted to the zero position.

An example of ventilation control settings is shown.

Example: E residence, E section, 12 people, location 12, F section, 5
Person position 5, G section 22 people Position 22, total 39 people As a result, ventilation volume 3g x 7J = 27:l! It can be seen that every second corresponds to the number of people.

For example, in schools, similar ventilation is required! and the number of students in the classroom.

In conference rooms, the number of people can be calculated using an electronic computer that counts the number of people entering the room, and at the same time controls the amount of air discharged based on this, and also monitors and counts the number of people leaving the room. Reduces exhaust air volume.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a floor plan of an interior according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a floor plan of an interior of another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a window provided with a filter, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a drawing showing a control device in the case shown in FIG. 2; 1...filter, 2...air discharge direction, 3...
Ventilation "AIL 4...Control Center. Patent Applicant: Ilmasti Owy Procedural Amendment (Voluntary) April 11, 1988 Director General of Western Agency IJI JIT Ub Huo Acid 1 2 Cow Patent Application No. 303434 of 1988 Name of invention Name of person who corrects air conditioning method for indoor facilities Relationship with 19 cattle

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) In an air conditioning method for indoor facilities in which inlet air is taken in through a filter (1) and air is mechanically discharged, air conditioning control is performed in each room based on the number of people or animals, and the amount of gas or dust. Step-by-step to meet air ventilation requirements, with air velocity of approximately 0.1 m under normal conditions.
The air conditioning method is characterized in that the draft limit is not exceeded per second. (2) The air adjustment control according to the air adjustment demand existing in a plurality of rooms is performed in a single control center using separate control devices, that is, control switches, according to the air adjustment demands of a plurality of rooms. Method. (3) A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the surface area of the filter (3) is dimensioned by a maximum air volume, and the maximum air velocity is always below a predetermined draft limit. .