JPH01148861A - Production of stretched orthogonal nonwoven fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain the subject non-woven fabric having good strengths in the longitudinal and latitudinal directions by longitudinally drawing or rolling non-oriented filament random non-woven fabrics and then laminating and bonding the treated non-woven fabrics in a mutually orthogonal state. CONSTITUTION: This method for producing a drawn orthogonal non-woven fabric is produced by superposing latitudinal webs 2, 2' and so forth on a longitudinal web 1 so that the mutual overlaps of the latitudinal webs are minimized and then adhering the non-woven fabric 1 to the latitudinal webs 2, 2' and so forth. The longitudinally oriented non-woven fabric 1 is obtained by drawing a non-oriented filament non-woven fabric in the longitudinal direction. The latitudinal webs 2, 2' and so forth are obtained by cutting a non-woven fabric longitudinally drawn similarly to the non-woven fabric 1 in a length coincident to the width of the non-woven fabric 1. It is also preferable that the longitudinally drawn non-woven fabric is laminated and bonded to a latitudinally drawn non-woven fabric.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method for producing a nonwoven fabric that is strong in the vertical and horizontal directions, and more specifically, after vertically stretching an unoriented and stretchable long fiber random nonwoven fabric, The present invention relates to a method for producing a strong nonwoven fabric that is orthogonally laminated after being stretched, by laminating and bonding in warp and warp directions, or laminating and bonding a long fiber nonwoven fabric that has been stretched vertically and a long fiber nonwoven fabric that has been stretched horizontally.

[Prior art and problems to be solved by the present invention] Conventional random nonwoven fabrics have good bulk and feel, but cannot have the strength of woven fabrics. Random nonwoven fabrics also have good water permeability and filter properties. In recent years, nonwoven fabrics have been attracting attention as geotextiles (fiber materials for civil engineering), due to their water permeability and filter properties. However, the biggest problem with using random nonwoven fabrics as geotextiles is that they lack strength.

As a method for producing strong nonwoven fabrics, the present inventors have proposed a number of orthogonal nonwoven fabrics in which a web strong in the vertical direction and a nonwoven fabric strong in the horizontal direction are laminated and bonded. - As an example, there is a Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-6943 which uses a filament tow manufacturing device, and as a specific means for making the filament tow orthogonal, a lamination method using a weft/warp lamination machine was proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-38783. However, this method of using tow manufacturing equipment requires high-speed mass production type tow manufacturing equipment, and is not suitable for manufacturing nonwoven fabrics in high-mix, low-volume production. The present invention provides a specific means for producing an orthogonal nonwoven fabric by using a long fiber random nonwoven fabric such as a spunbond nonwoven fabric as a raw material and stretching it.

Those skilled in the art would easily think of simply stretching conventional nonwoven fabrics, but even if they were actually stretched, it would not be possible to stretch or orient the filaments or rearrange the filaments. It didn't happen. This may be due to inappropriate stretching means, but there has been insufficient research on stretching nonwoven fabrics.

The present invention aims to explain why conventional nonwoven fabrics cannot be stretched sufficiently.
As a result of research from both aspects of the stretching method, the following conclusions were reached. Ordinary random nonwoven fabrics are bonded by intertwining and adhesion of filaments, but since their bonding strength is weaker than the strength of the filaments, the drawing process simply destroys these bonds and the filaments Stretching and rearrangement could not be realized. In addition, the means of stretching is also poor, and when simply stretched, nonwoven fabrics made of entanglement and adhesive strength have uneven thickness, uneven entanglement, and uneven adhesive strength. Stress was concentrated at the weakest point over a wide area, causing the film to break at that point, making it impossible to achieve high-magnification stretching.

[Means for solving problems]

As a result of intensive research into these problems, we have arrived at the solution described below.

As for random nonwoven fabrics, which are raw materials, wet or dry nonwoven fabrics are aggregates of short fibers, but unless the short fibers are strongly bonded by entanglement or adhesive force, they cannot become strong nonwoven fabrics. , Even if such a nonwoven fabric is stretched, the bonded portions will get in the way, making stretching difficult. Further, even if a stretching force is applied to a nonwoven fabric made of such short fibers, it is difficult to uniformly transmit the stretching force to all the short fibers. In addition, nonwoven fabrics that are incompatible with stretching include nonwoven fabrics made of long fibers, those with a fine denier (less than 0.1 denier) that do not have too many stains, or those made of filaments that contain air bubbles or a large amount of foreign matter in the filaments. Non-woven fabrics also have poor stretchability.
Furthermore, in order to aim for high strength, conventional long-fiber nonwoven fabrics have a problem in that they are made into strong filaments in a process prior to making them into nonwoven fabrics, such as the spinning stage. In this case, the strength of the filament is stronger than the entanglement and adhesive force, and the drawing process simply destroys this bond, making it impossible to draw or rearrange the filament.One point of the present invention is that the filament as a raw material , in a state that has not yet been stretched (unstretched or unoriented filament),
It is processed into non-woven fabric. Unoriented filaments have the following properties: ■It has a low yield point strength and can be stretched with a small amount of force. ■Stretching If the temperature is suitable, it has sufficient elongation, showing an elongation of several hundred percent. ■Stretching Filaments stretched at an appropriate temperature exhibit strong strength at room temperature. Based on these characteristics, unoriented filaments can be made into sufficiently strong filaments by stretching at an appropriate temperature. The nonwoven fabric made from these unoriented filaments is
Stretching When stretched at an appropriate temperature, the nonwoven fabric as a whole is stretched with a tension that is lower than or not significantly different from the entanglement strength. Although the filaments themselves are stretched, it was confirmed through experiments that the filaments themselves are rearranged in the process of stretching the nonwoven fabric as a whole, and are aligned in the stretching direction as a whole. Through such stretching, the vertical/horizontal strength ratio is 7:3.
Even for non-woven fabrics, which were only about 5:1 to 10:1, the improvement was confirmed.

Of course, what is defined as an unoriented filament in the present invention does not mean that the degree of orientation is zero in a strict sense;
If stretched at an appropriate temperature, it will increase by several hundred percent (preferably 2
00% or more) means a filament that can be drawn. In order to spin filaments with good drawability, do not apply too much draft, but use air injection, etc. If draft is applied, it has been found that the orientation can be reduced by heating the air to a temperature above the melting point.

The long-fiber random nonwoven fabric of the present invention may be arranged somewhat vertically or horizontally, as in the case where it is produced by a normal nonwoven fabric manufacturing method, but it is usually arranged slightly in the vertical direction in many cases. When such a nonwoven fabric arranged vertically is subjected to horizontal stretching as described below, the stretching effect is small because there are few filament components arranged horizontally. Therefore, in order to manufacture a nonwoven fabric made of filaments that increase the horizontal content and have good stretchability, several air holes are provided around the spinneret for spinning the filaments, and air is ejected diagonally to scatter the filaments in a spiral shape. Furthermore, if two air holes are provided on the outside of the nonwoven fabric, and the two air jets are injected in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the nonwoven fabric and intersect on the extension line of the spinneret, the filaments of the nonwoven fabric become horizontally arranged components. It turned out that there were more. When the air is heated to a temperature higher than the melting point of the polymer to be spun, the filaments are easily scattered, and the resulting filaments have little orientation despite being drafted by the air.

Based on this concept, by expanding the outside air in the traveling direction of the nonwoven fabric, it is possible to produce a nonwoven fabric with filaments arranged vertically, and it is also suitable as a raw material for a nonwoven fabric that is vertically stretched or rolled.

When manufacturing a nonwoven fabric made of unoriented filaments, the bond between filaments can be mechanically bonded using two-way bonding, punching, etc., but it is also possible to make use of the good adhesion properties of unoriented filaments and bond them together in a nonwoven fabric by embossing alone. I can do it. Further, adhesives such as powdered adhesives and emulsion adhesives, which may be obtained by conjugating filaments with adhesive polymers, or by separately spinning and mixing adhesive polymers, can also be used. These types of adhesives often require adhesives when ultimately joining webs that are strong in the vertical direction and webs that are strong in the horizontal direction, so we make a comprehensive judgment based on these factors and the requirements of the application. It is determined.

There are many methods for stretching conventional fibers and films, but as a result of extensive research into the most suitable method for stretching the nonwoven fabric made of unoriented filaments of the present invention, we found that the following method is the most suitable. It turned out to be. For vertical stretching, proximity stretching and rolling stretching are most suitable. For horizontal stretching, methods using grooved rollers and horizontal stretching using pulleys are most suitable for the present invention. For these devices,
Since this will be explained in detail in the explanation section of the drawings, only the characteristics of each stretching means will be described here.

In general, nonwoven fabrics have uneven thickness and uneven entanglement of filaments, and even worse, if the thickness is thin and the entanglement is small, this becomes doubly bad. In order to stretch such a nonwoven fabric in the vertical direction, the conventional method of simply stretching it between nip rolls under heating results in unevenness in the nonwoven fabric and unevenness in the heat when heated. As a result of experiments, it was found that even if force is applied to a wide area of a sheet in this state, the stress is concentrated at the weakest point, making it impossible to achieve uniform and stable high-magnification stretching. Therefore, if we limit the area where stress is applied during stretching to a preheated nonwoven fabric to a narrow range, and then rapidly stretch it within that narrow range, the filaments may become tangled or adhere to each other in that narrow range. Experiments have revealed that even if there is uneven thickness or uneven entanglement of filaments, uniform stretching can be achieved. Specific means thereof include proximity stretching, rolling, and horizontal stretching using grooved rolls.

Proximity stretching and rolling as means for vertical stretching have already been used in films and nets, and the present inventors have already made prior inventions for these. Special Public Service 1981-5
5456 and JP-A No. 62-97829, and the present invention can be said to be an additional invention to those earlier inventions. Proximity stretching is roller stretching, where the distance between stretches is extremely narrow.
In normal film stretching, the width of the film after stretching is not much narrower than before stretching, the stretched film has good transparency, and even though it is a vertically stretched film, the tear strength in the vertical direction is low. This technique is used for the purpose of not weakening too much. The use of proximity stretching in the present invention is completely different and is used as a means for uniformly stretching the nonwoven fabric. Considering the principle behind uniform stretching, if the stretching zone is set below the range where the filaments are randomly reciprocated, many filaments cross between the stretched filament and the before stretching. Therefore, even if drawing stress is applied, the filament will be drawn, and the stress will not be concentrated on uneven thickness or the like and the drawing will not break.

Rolling is performed by making the stretching zone of this close-stretching less than the thickness of the nonwoven fabric and applying stress vertically while crushing the heated nonwoven fabric, and in principle it can be said that it is superior to close-stretching. , equipment costs are high for wide-width equipment;
There are also problems such as the narrow range of operating conditions and the tendency for wrinkles to form in the nonwoven fabric after rolling.

Next, the horizontal stretching method will be described.

The tenter method, which is normally used as a method for horizontally stretching webs such as films and ropes, has problems such as high equipment costs, large floor space requirements, and poor heating energy efficiency. Although there are many drawbacks, especially like non-woven fabrics,
It cannot be said to be an appropriate stretching method when there is a lot of high-mix, low-volume production. As a prior invention, the present inventors have proposed a simple but reliable stretching method that utilizes a pulley as a means for horizontally stretching a film or net-like body, and also allows for easily changing the stretching ratio and degree of heat treatment. (Special Public Interest Publication 1973-3)
0368 and JP-A-62-97825), a number of advantages were found when this method was applied to the drawing of the long-fiber random nonwoven fabric made of unoriented filaments of the present invention. In addition to the advantages of simple equipment, low equipment costs, small floor space, and good energy efficiency, nonwoven fabrics have the advantage of being able to freely change the content of the product depending on the application, and the ability to stretch depending on the thickness of the raw materials and the degree of entanglement. Since the magnification must be slightly changed, this simple stretching method allows the width and stretching magnification to be easily changed during operation. Due to these advantages, it has been found that transverse stretching using pulleys is very suitable for the present invention. To specifically explain the horizontal stretching means using pulleys, a pair of left and right pulleys having the same circumferential speed are arranged symmetrically across the center line so that their outer peripheries have a trajectory that widens toward the end, and a pulley is formed on the outer periphery of the left and right pulleys. The belt under tension, which is fitted into the belt groove of the It is held between belts and stretched horizontally on a widening track created by a pair of pulleys. In the case of hot water drawing, heating is done by immersing the widening raceway part of the pulley in hot water.
Taking advantage of the good thermal conductivity of hot water, it is possible to create a compact stretching device, and in the case of hot air heating, it is possible to make the stretching device more compact by allowing the hot air to penetrate through the nonwoven fabric. It has the advantage of being compact and convenient. However, if the nonwoven fabric is thick and hot air cannot pass through, it is necessary to heat the nonwoven fabric from the front and back sides. When the nonwoven fabric first enters the pulley, there is a parallel section where it is not stretched too rapidly, and this section can be used as a preheating zone. There is also a part at the end of the stretching where the stretching is not very rapid, but this part can be used as a heat treatment zone. Therefore, depending on the position where the nonwoven fabric is separated from the pulley, it is possible to take out the nonwoven fabric in an almost unheated state, and it is possible to create various heat treatment conditions from fixed length heat treatment to contraction heat treatment.

Another method for horizontal stretching is to use a grooved roller whose diameter has many peaks and troughs in the axial direction, and by combining the pair of grooved rolls, The nonwoven fabric of the present invention is stretched horizontally by nipping the nonwoven fabric of the present invention between the troughs of the other grooved roll and the troughs of the other grooved roll. The horizontally stretched nonwoven fabric is then passed through a grooved roll and stretched horizontally.By performing this operation in multiple stages, the stretching ratio is increased, and in the - stage, the elongation is non-uniform. By passing the film through multiple stages, it became possible to stretch the film uniformly in the lateral direction as a whole. The advantage of this method is that the equipment is very simple and that the nonwoven fabric can be divided into many pieces in the horizontal direction and stretched little by little. This is ideal for stretching materials with non-uniform thickness and entanglement, such as non-woven fabrics. Stretching using a grooved roll is a method that has already been used for films (Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-32307), but the present invention is a nonwoven fabric made of unoriented filaments, and most of the filaments are arranged horizontally. It is characterized in that it is used as a means for stretching a nonwoven fabric, and is further characterized in that the horizontally stretched nonwoven fabric and the vertically stretched nonwoven fabric are laminated and bonded.

Next, we will discuss the warp and warp stacking means.

The means for laminating nonwoven fabrics stretched in the vertical direction is as follows:
The above-mentioned Patent Publication No. 53-38783 is valid, and in addition to this, the Patent Publication No. 55-38783, which was also an earlier invention by the present inventors, is valid.
51058 and Special Publication No. 49-48580 can also be used.

To explain the method in detail, the horizontal web fed from the direction perpendicular to the running direction of the vertical web is cut according to the width of the horizontal web, and the overlapping of the horizontal web is adjusted to the minimum while continuous cutting is performed. In this method, the vertical web is overlapped with the vertical web, and then the vertical web and the horizontal web are bonded to form a weft/warp orthogonal nonwoven fabric.

The biggest feature of this method is that it is an extremely productive device, with even wide machines of 3 m or more capable of producing 40 to 50 m/m.
It is possible to stack warp and warp layers at a speed of in. Further, by adhering the vertically oriented nonwoven fabric and the horizontally oriented nonwoven fabric by orthogonal lamination, the bonding force between filaments that have come off or broken during the stretching process can also be repaired.

This orthogonal lamination creates a non-woven fabric that is strong both vertically and horizontally, and has more than three times the tensile strength compared to ordinary random non-woven fabrics with the same basis weight, as well as impact strength, tear strength, hole strength, perforation strength, etc. Improve twice. Furthermore, since the Young's modulus is 5 times or more and the elongation is also reduced, the dimensional stability against external forces, which has been a drawback of conventional nonwoven fabrics, can be significantly improved.

In addition, laminating and adhering a vertically stretched web and a horizontally stretched web was an earlier invention of the present inventors, which was based on a horizontally stretched web made from a film (Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-282
28) and the case where centrifugally spun filaments were horizontally stretched (Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-35301), and can be said to be an additional invention to those inventions. However, the present invention uses unoriented long fiber random nonwoven fabric as a raw material. It is characterized by the presence of

When vertically stretched webs and horizontally stretched webs are laminated and bonded together in this way, they become extremely strong in terms of physical properties, similar to the case of orthogonal weft and weft lamination, as described above. In the case of laminated adhesion of vertically stretched webs and horizontally stretched webs, there are no such irregular areas and the border between the horizontally stretched webs is somewhat shaped, which stands out as an uneven part. It becomes a non-woven fabric.

The present invention uses ■ (unoriented) ■ (long fibers) ■ (random nonwoven fabric) as a raw material, and stretches or rolls it vertically.
This is a method of manufacturing a strong nonwoven fabric by making a strong nonwoven fabric in the vertical direction and bonding it by ■ (orthogonal lamination bonding). Another method of the present invention is
Using (long fiber) ■ (random nonwoven fabric) as a raw material, a nonwoven fabric that is strong in the vertical direction (stretched or rolled vertically) and a nonwoven fabric that is strong in the horizontal direction (stretched horizontally ↓) and ■ (laminate bonded) ) to produce a strong nonwoven fabric. Each numbered item in parentheses is already known, and many of them were invented by the present inventors in other fields, but in order to make a strong nonwoven fabric, we combined them.
We have invented the most effective means of producing high-quality products at high speed and stably.

Raw materials for the nonwoven fabric used in the present invention include polyolefins such as HDPE and PP, polyesters, polyamides, vinyl chloride systems, acrylonitrile systems, polyvinyl alcohol systems, polyurethanes, and any other polymer that is stretchable and increases in strength by stretching. is also available.

[Explanation with drawings]

The mode of implementation will be specifically explained below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a weft/warp orthogonal nonwoven fabric that is the object of the present invention, in which a horizontal web 2 ( Similar to 1, a nonwoven fabric stretched in the length direction and having filaments oriented in the length direction is cut to match the width of the vertical web, and a horizontal web (2°, 2", .
) are continuously stacked on the vertical web while adjusting the overlap to the minimum, and then the vertical web and the horizontal web are bonded to form a weft/warp orthogonal nonwoven fabric. The details of this orthogonal lamination apparatus are shown in the previously mentioned Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-38783, and so will not be described here.

The adhesion between the vertical nonwoven fabric and the horizontal nonwoven fabric after orthogonal to the weft and weft can be achieved by using an adhesive component contained in both or one of the vertical nonwoven fabric and the horizontal nonwoven fabric (filament coextruded with the main component polymer, separately spun filament, staple fiber, powder, You can heat the adhesive using foam), or spread it in a liquid adhesive such as an adhesive emulsion after laminating, and then squeeze out the excess adhesive.
If necessary, it is dried through a heat drum (or hot air chamber, infrared oven, etc.) and then processed into a product. Of course, mechanical joining such as needle punching may be advantageous for joining the vertical web and the horizontal web.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention in which a vertically stretched nonwoven fabric and a horizontally stretched nonwoven fabric are laminated and bonded. The non-woven fabrics 3 are laminated, and pinch rolls 4.
4', a heating cylinder 5, and a thermocompression roll 6.
is pressed to form a laminated nonwoven fabric 7. The adhesive for lamination is the same as that shown in FIG. 1, and in the case of emulsion, the pinch roll 4 is provided with a glue bath, and the adhesive is supplied by dipping into the glue.

FIG. 3 shows an example of manufacturing a long i4I fiber nonwoven fabric made of filaments that are not oriented but are vertically oriented, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the spinning nozzle thereof, and FIG. 3 is a side view of the spinning device. The filament melt constituting the desired nonwoven fabric is discharged from the spinneret 8, and air holes (10-L) are formed around the spinneret 8.
10-2, 10-3, . . . usually 3 to 8) are provided. These air holes are spaced slightly diagonally, and the air that comes out produces spun polymer'#j! The melt 9 intersects within several centimeters from the spinneret 8, and the molten fl+9 is rotated in a spiral. The rotated filaments are now scattered in the traveling direction of the nonwoven fabric by air holes 10-1, 10-2, and another air hole 11.11° provided on the outside of the filament. Components arranged vertically are accumulated on the screen mesh 12 running downward in a form with a large number of components, forming a nonwoven fabric 13 mainly composed of vertically arranged components. A single nozzle normally has a spraying distance of 30 to 50 mm, and a lengthwise range of 100 to 300 mm, so a number of these nozzles are placed horizontally to determine the width of the product.

Additionally, if you want to increase both the density of the filament and the speed of the line, it is necessary to install the filament in multiple stages in the direction of line movement. Air holes (10-1, 10-2, ..., 11.11
As a result of experiments, it was found that the air ejected from (2) needs to be heated to several tens of degrees above its melting point. Depending on the type of polymer, it may be sufficient to heat only one of the two types of air. A nozzle like the one shown in Figure 3 is used as a nozzle for applying hot melt adhesive.
Although it is commercially available (for example, Nordson Corp. Spray Gun HMS-20), the present invention is characterized in that it uses such a nozzle and utilizes it in a method for manufacturing nonwoven fabric from unoriented, vertically arranged filaments. It is further characterized in that it is stretched vertically and laminated orthogonally to the warp and warp, or laminated and bonded to a nonwoven fabric that has been stretched horizontally. The nozzle shown in Figure 3 is rotated 90 degrees so that the 11°11' air spread pattern spreads horizontally (perpendicular to the direction in which the nonwoven fabric travels), and many of these nozzles are installed horizontally for horizontal stretching. It can also be used to produce nonwoven fabrics made of horizontally aligned filaments.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a means for vertical stretching, in which a long fiber nonwoven fabric 14 made of unoriented filaments is rolled on a pinch roll 15.15.
°, then preheated in the heating cylinder 16, and the small diameter roll 1
7. It will lead you to 17゛. 17. It is vertically stretched at a narrow distance of 17 degrees, heat treated in cylinder 18, and then stretched in cylinder 19.
It is cooled, nipped with pinch rolls 20, and taken off as a wide vertically stretched nonwoven fabric 21. This process is 17.
By reducing the roll diameter of 17', 17.17
The key is to make the distance between ' as narrow as possible.

FIG. 5 shows an example of a rolling apparatus, in which a long 1a fiber nonwoven fabric 14 made of unoriented filaments is guided from pinch rolls 22.22', through turn rolls 23, to rolling rolls 24.24". Rolling rolls 24.24゛ is heated,
Preheated at 24 and adjusted to below the thickness of the nonwoven fabric 24
．． It is stretched (rolled) vertically at a speed difference between 24° and 24° while being crushed between 24° and 24°. Then, it is heat-treated at 24° and nipped with pressure rolls 25, and taken off as a rolled nonwoven fabric 26. The feature of this rolling method is that even if the raw nonwoven fabric has some unevenness, it can be stretched to a high magnification.Furthermore, the rolled nonwoven fabric as a whole can have a pearl-like luster, which is completely different. It is also possible to provide the performance of

Next, an example of the horizontal stretching means will be shown.

FIG. 6 shows a nonwoven fabric 27 made of unoriented filaments with many components arranged in the horizontal direction, passed through a turn roll 28, and then passed through a turn roll 28. You will be led to the narrowest part. A belt (or lobe) 30.30'' circulates under tension on the trailing path of the stretching pulley, and the ends of the nonwoven fabric 270 are gripped between the belt and the pulley at the narrowest part, and the stretching pulley 29. The non-woven fabric 27 is stretched horizontally on a trajectory that widens at 29 degrees, and at the widest point of the trajectory, the belt 30.
After that, it is taken off as a horizontally stretched nonwoven fabric 33. The extending portion that widens toward the end is covered with a chamber 32, and is heated with hot air, a hot bath, infrared rays, or the like. In the case of hot air, thermal efficiency is good if it is heated so as to penetrate the nonwoven fabric.

Figure 7 shows an example of horizontal stretching using grooved rolls.
4. Arrange the 34° so that the peaks of 34 and the troughs of 34° mesh with each other, and introduce a nonwoven fabric 35 made of unoriented filaments (preferably arranged horizontally) between them.
The nonwoven fabric 35 is stretched horizontally using the unevenness of the peaks and valleys. The stretched nonwoven fabric is widened and this step is repeated in multiple stages to increase the stretching ratio. In this method, the stretching efficiency at both ends becomes poor, but as a countermeasure, the grooved roll
4. Make both ends of 34' a low elastic material such as foam or super soft rubber into a roll with the same height as the 34° peak of the grooved roll, and grip both ends of the nonwoven fabric 350. By doing so, it is possible to improve the stretching efficiency of the ends of both ears. Another method is to carry out this stretching process with a thread or thin tape (for example, polyolefin stretched tape) attached under tension to both ends of the nonwoven fabric 35.
It is possible to improve the stretching efficiency of the ends of both ears. Alternatively, the groove circulating in the belt or lobe may be cut at both ends of the groove roll at 34.34°, and the belt or lobe may grip both ends of the nonwoven fabric and stretch it horizontally.

〔Effect of the invention〕

In addition to the water permeability, filter properties, drapability, etc. that random nonwoven fabrics have, if it can be made to have tensile strength, tear strength, and impact strength like woven fabrics, the uses of nonwoven fabrics will be expanded dramatically. I can do it. The present invention has made it possible to have such strength by using random nonwoven fabric as a raw material. Moreover, there is little variation in thickness or strength, and it is possible to achieve stable quality.

Another important property of nonwoven fabrics is that they must be low cost. Since the present invention includes an additional process after the normal nonwoven fabric production line, it is thought that this will lead to an increase in costs, but this is not necessarily the case. The reason is: ■ If the basis weight is the same, compared to random nonwoven fabric, 3
Since it has more than twice the strength, the required performance can be fully satisfied even if the basis weight is reduced.

- Since the raw material nonwoven fabric is stretched in the longitudinal direction, the line speed is increased by the stretching ratio, and the production speed of the nonwoven fabric becomes extremely fast.

■ Since the B-place used in the present invention is all simple, the equipment cost is low, the floor space is small, and the number of workers is small. Therefore, the fixed cost of the process can be reduced.

- The process of the present invention is fast, and the equipment is compact, so there is little energy loss in heating and driving, and proportional costs do not increase.

In this way, high performance quality can be produced at low cost, opening up new fields such as nonwoven fabrics for civil engineering such as geotextiles, and nonwoven fabrics for reinforcing PVC and rubber sheets that utilize their strength and drape properties. Therefore, non-woven fabrics, which until now could only be used for limited purposes in terms of performance, have the same strength as woven fabrics, and have the drape, texture, water permeability, and
Depending on the filter characteristics, completely new applications can be developed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows a method of laminating vertically stretched nonwoven fabrics at right angles to the warp and warp, and FIG. 2 shows a method of laminating vertically stretched nonwoven fabrics and horizontally stretched nonwoven fabrics. FIG. 3A shows a nozzle for spinning filaments arranged vertically, and FIG. 3B shows a method for producing a nonwoven fabric made of filaments arranged vertically. FIG. 4 shows an outline of a close longitudinal stretching apparatus for a nonwoven fabric, and FIG. 5 shows an outline of a rolling apparatus for a nonwoven fabric. FIG. 6 shows a device for horizontally stretching a nonwoven fabric using pulleys, and FIG. 7 shows a device for horizontally stretching a nonwoven fabric using grooved rolls. Explanation of main symbols 1.2 is the vertically stretched nonwoven fabric 3 is the horizontally stretched nonwoven fabric 5 is the heating cylinder 8 is the spinning nozzle 10-1, 10-2...11.11゛ is the air hole 16
．． 18 is a heating cylinder 17. 17° is a small diameter roll and vertical stretching is performed between these 24.2
4' is a rolling roll, and 29.29° is a stretching pulley, and 34.34° is a grooved roll, and is a horizontal stretching.Applicant: Polymer Processing Research Institute, Ltd. ITi! I 岑3 fig./Z 4th me 5 fig. Name Manufacturing method for stretched orthogonal nonwoven fabric 3, Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Applicant Address 1-9-2 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173 September 22, 1986 (Shipping mortar) 6. Increase due to the amendment Number of inventions: None Contents of amendment to the description (1) Page 10, line 5, "in the right angle direction" is deleted,
Insert "Tama ndan" in that place. (2) On page 10, lines 5 and 6, after ``if they intersect,'' insert ``the r air will be turned into quasi-a, and the air will be held in the mouth.'' (3) Delete the explanation of Figure 3 from the 9th line from the bottom of page 21 to the 13th line of page 23, and insert the following explanation of Figure 3 in its place. The air flowed into the polymer melt 9 and the spinneret 8, which were used for automobiles, was carried out. Depending on the polymer, this air 12'' (4) Page 28, line 144 from the bottom, Figure 3 A...
” Line 111 from the bottom shows the manufacturing method. ”
Delete up to and insert the following sentence. rm is the fabric L
jL position from the positive side of the run, -+
1 啼 5 2Cyu, 1-shape (5) 2
Delete “8 is the spinning nozzle” in the second line from the bottom of page 8, and add rJJ.
Insert. Amended drawings Figures 3A and B of the drawings have been deleted, and Figures 3A, B, and C of the attached drawings have been added.
Replace with a diagram. Applicant: Polymer Processing Research Institute Co., Ltd.

Claims (11)

[Claims] (1) A long-fiber random nonwoven fabric made by spinning unoriented filaments is stretched or rolled in the vertical direction so that the constituent filaments are substantially stretched and molecular orientation occurs, and the stretched nonwoven fabric is orthogonally stretched. A method for producing a stretched orthogonal nonwoven fabric characterized by lamination and bonding. (2) In a long fiber random nonwoven fabric made by spinning unoriented filaments, a nonwoven fabric stretched or rolled in the vertical direction and unoriented filaments are spun so that the constituent filaments are substantially stretched and molecular orientation occurs. A method for producing a stretched orthogonally stretched nonwoven fabric, which comprises laminating and bonding a nonwoven fabric that has been stretched in the transverse direction so that the filaments constituting the long fiber random nonwoven fabric are substantially stretched and molecular orientation occurs. (3) A method for producing a stretched orthogonally stretched nonwoven fabric according to claims (1) and (2), characterized in that the longitudinal/width tensile strength ratio of the nonwoven fabric stretched or rolled in the longitudinal direction is 5 times or more. (4) In the vertical stretching method according to claims (1) and (2), the stretching zone during stretching of the nonwoven fabric heated to an appropriate temperature for stretching is within 1/10 of the width of the nonwoven fabric, and the stretching ratio is 2 times or more. A method for producing a stretched orthogonal nonwoven fabric characterized by stretching it in the vertical direction. (5) In the vertical rolling/stretching method according to claims (1) and (2), the nonwoven fabric is crushed and A method for producing a stretched orthogonal nonwoven fabric characterized by rolling it. (6) A method for producing a stretched orthogonally nonwoven fabric, characterized in that the unoriented filaments according to claims (1) and (2) have an elongation of 200% or more at an appropriate stretching temperature. (7) Orthogonal drawing characterized in that in spinning the unoriented filaments in claims (1) and (2), air heated above the melting point of the polymer to be spun is used to scatter the filaments. Manufacturing method of non-woven fabric. (8) In the method for manufacturing a nonwoven fabric for vertical stretching or rolling by spinning unoriented filaments according to claims (1) and (2), the filaments extruded from a nozzle are heated by spirally swirling heated air. A method for producing a stretched orthogonal nonwoven fabric, which is characterized by increasing the number of filament components arranged in the vertical direction by scattering and then further injecting air parallel to the traveling direction so that the air intersects with each other. (9) In the method for producing a horizontally stretched nonwoven fabric by spinning unoriented filaments according to claim (2), the filaments extruded from a nozzle are dispersed with heated air swirling in a spiral shape, and then further progressed. A method for producing a stretched orthogonal nonwoven fabric, characterized by increasing the number of filament components arranged in the horizontal direction by injecting air so as to cross each other in a direction perpendicular to the direction. (10) In the horizontal stretching method according to claim (2), a pair of left and right pulleys having the same peripheral speed are arranged symmetrically across a center line so that their outer peripheries have a trajectory that widens toward the end, and the outer periphery of the left and right pulleys is The belt under tension, which is fitted into the belt groove formed above, is circulated on the track where the pulleys almost widen at the ends, and the nonwoven fabric is introduced into the narrow area between the left and right pulleys, and the ends of the nonwoven fabric are inserted into the pulley. A method for producing a stretched orthogonal nonwoven fabric, which is gripped between a belt groove and a belt and stretched horizontally on a divergent track formed by a pair of pulleys. (11) In the horizontal stretching method according to claim (2), a pair of grooved rolls having a large number of grooves are combined, and the grooves of one roll and the peaks of the other roll are arranged so as to mesh with each other, and the nonwoven fabric is A method for producing a stretched orthogonal nonwoven fabric, which comprises passing the nonwoven fabric between the pair of grooved rolls, stretching the nonwoven fabric, and repeating this process in multiple stages to horizontally stretch the nonwoven fabric.