JPH01147598A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To optimize the tone of music to be sounded by providing a tone selection control means and selectively controlling the tone of music to be sounded based on a continuous change amount in the displayment of a play operator. CONSTITUTION: An operation displacement detecting means is composed of a keyboard 1 having keys as play elements and a displacement voltage transformer 2, and the continuous change amount in the displacement of keying is detected. The detecting signal of the transformer 2 is turned to a digital value by an A/D converter 3 and inputted to a sound source unit 6. Based on prescribed sounding tone selection control information stored in a ROM 5, the unit 6 is controlled by a CPU 4. Namely, the CPU 4 is the tone selection control means for selectively controlling the music of any specified tone as music to trigger sounding by keying the keyboard 1. Besides, a sound source memory 7 stores tone information, and a musical signal is generated by the unit 6 and discharged through an amplifier 8 and a speaker 9 as music. The CPU 4 controls the unit 6 and the music of the optimum tone corresponding to musical feelings expressed by play operations can be discharged.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is an electronic device that detects the displacement of a performance operator such as a keyboard and selects the timbre of a musical tone to be generated based on the displacement. Regarding musical instruments.

[Prior art and its problems] In conventional electronic musical instruments, when selecting the timbre of the musical sound to be generated, this is done by providing a touch sense function that detects the speed of pressing keys on a keyboard in a stepwise manner ( For example, the one described in Japanese Patent Application No. 61-285743)
That is, for example, when a key is pressed quickly (strongly), a normal musical tone is generated, and when a key is pressed slowly (weakly), a musical tone, for example, a pizzicato tone (playing method in which stringed instruments are played by plucking the strings with the fingers) is generated.

However, in the above-mentioned conventional electronic musical instruments, key press displacements such as 9IIX are detected only discontinuously in steps. In the case of natural instruments (acoustic instruments), which do not appear as musical tones with the desired timbre, the timbre of the musical tones to be generated changes depending on whether the key press speed is fast or slow. The timbre of the musical sound to be generated changes depending on the depth of the key pressing (depth of the key pressed) or the playing method. However, there is a problem in that the performance effect is far different from that of a natural musical instrument.

[Object of the Invention] The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to select and control the timbre of a musical tone to be generated based on the amount of continuous change in the displacement of the performance operator. To provide an electronic musical instrument that can produce musical tones with optimum timbres depending on the musical emotion contained in the operation of the electronic musical instrument.

[Summary of the Invention] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a performance operator that is operated during performance in an electronic musical instrument to instruct the start of generation of a musical tone, and an operation that detects continuous operational displacement of the performance operator. Displacement detecting means, and tone selection control means for selecting and controlling a musical tone of a specific tone based on a displacement detection signal corresponding to the operational displacement detected by the operational displacement detecting means and generating the musical tone of the specific tone. The key point is that musical tones of specific tones are selected and produced seven times according to the pattern of operational displacement of the performance controls.

[Function] In the electronic musical instrument configured as described above, when the performance operator is operated during performance, the continuous displacement thereof is detected by the detection means, and based on the displacement detection signal, a specific musical tone to be generated is detected. Since the timbre is selected by the timbre selection control means, musical tones with subtle differences in emotion based on the operating touch of the performance operator are selected as musical tones with different timbres, and are played richly.

[Embodiments] Electronic musical instruments according to embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. A key fi having a key as an example of a performance operator
t constitutes operation displacement detection means for detecting the continuous (analog) amount of change in the key depression displacement together with the displacement voltage converter 2 consisting of a matrix circuit configuration of variable resistors, and is a feature of this embodiment. It is. The detection signal, which is an analog voltage value from this displacement voltage conversion rA2, is converted into a digital value by the A/D converter 3 and can be digitally processed. CPU4 is a memory device ROM5
The sound source device 6 is controlled based on an algorithm as predetermined sounding timbre selection control information stored in , and a musical tone of a specific timbre is selected and controlled as a musical tone whose generation is to be triggered by pressing the ffffffll key. , which also characterizes this embodiment. Furthermore, sound source memory 7
stores timbre information, and is used to select which timbre of musical tone is to be produced. Further, the musical tone signal generated by the sound source device 6 is emitted as a musical tone through an amplifier 8 and a speaker 9.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing a change in key press displacement amount ΔX with respect to time t when a key is pressed in the electronic musical instrument of the above embodiment. Here, the time from when the key press displacement amount ΔX reaches the key press displacement amount xjL at which the sound generation process should start until the trigger signal that instructs to actually produce a musical tone is output is called the attack phase, and the time from when the key press displacement amount ΔX reaches the key press displacement amount xjL at which the generation process should start until the trigger signal that instructs to actually generate the musical tone is output is called the attack phase. The time until the displacement amount ΔX becomes xi again for the first time is called a sustain phase, and the time after the sustain phase until a trigger signal for instructing to mute the musical tone is output is called a release phase. Note that the resolution of the A/D converter 3 is 8
If it is bit, then ΔX has 256 stages from θ to 255. For example, it can be set as X sentence=20 and xh=200.

Next, the operation of the electronic musical instrument of the above embodiment will be explained with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 3 showing the processing operation in the attack phase of the CPU 4 as the operation displacement detection means and the timbre selection control means. In addition, at the stage before entering this flow, the one-hour counter ti-y (ti■er)
, the mode of whether it is the attack phase or not
The value (oldx) of the mode register that determines the previous key press displacement amount ΔX and the previous X register that is the register for the previous key press displacement amount ΔX are each 0.
shall be cleared.

First, in step 3-1, the voltage value from the A/D converter 3, that is, the digital voltage value obtained by digitally converting the analog amount of key press displacement, is read, and in step 3-2, the value of the key press displacement amount ΔX is set to a predetermined value. , for example, the CPU 4 determines whether the displacement is larger than the displacement l X l at which to start the sound generation process, and if YES, that is, it is assumed that a key has been pressed, and the process proceeds to step 3.
Proceed to -3, and if NO, proceed to step 3-4. In step 3-3, since a key has been pressed, the contents of the timer are incremented by 1. If NO, it means that no key was pressed, and since the mode is O, it is the attack phase, and the process proceeds from step 3-4 to step 3-5, where the previous key press displacement is stored in the X register. Amount Δ
Set the value of X and repeat the attack phase process.

In step 3-6, the value of the key press displacement amount ΔX is set to the predetermined value 1.
For example, it is determined whether or not the value xh is greater than the value xh for transition to the sustain phase, and if YES, it is assumed that an extremely strong key press has been made, and in step 3-7, as a predefined process by a separate subroutine, for example, an initial touch is performed. The sound source device 6 is controlled based on the predetermined timbre data that is the maximum, and the tone generation process of the corresponding timbre C is performed, and the sustain phase is entered. Thereafter, when ΔX becomes less than xi, it is assumed that the key has been released, and the process moves to a release phase, and while attenuating the sound generation envelope, an envelope is formed according to the displacement amount of ΔX, and when the attenuation is completed, the sound generation is stopped.

If it is determined in step 3-6 that ΔX is not greater than If so, step 3-9
Set the timer value to 0, set the mode register value to 1, and then set the current ΔX value to the previous X register value.
Set the value of and continue the attack phase again.

If the mode is determined to be 1 in step 3-8, it is the attack phase, and in step 3-10, the differential value of the change in key press displacement amount between the previous and current key presses, that is, ΔX-X-previous value, is set to a predetermined value DX. It is compared whether the count value of the timer is larger than a predetermined value DT, and if YES, it is determined in step 3-11 whether the count value of the timer is larger than a predetermined value DT. Here, the value of DX is when the resolution of A/D converter 3 is 8 bits (
If the maximum value is 255) 1 For example, if it is set to "IO" and the value of DT is incremented (sampled) every 1 m5ec of the timer count.

For example, assume that it is set to r5Jmsec.

If YES in step 3-11, the key is pressed slowly, and in step 3-12, as a predefined process, a predetermined tone B is selected and the tone generator 216 is controlled to produce a musical tone using that tone B. , and then enters the sustain phase. In addition, D set to “lO”
The value of X may be set separately for each tone color to be selected.

In addition, in step 3-4, if the mode is disconnected from 1 to 1, it is the attack phase and the sound should start, and in step 3-13, similarly, as a predefined process, It is assumed that a key is pressed, a predetermined timbre A is selected, a musical tone is generated using the timbre A, and the mode is shifted to a sustain phase.

Further, in the electronic musical instrument in the above embodiment, a key having a key mechanism as shown in FIG. 4 is used as an example of means for detecting the amount of key press displacement as a continuous (analog) voltage change value. . In the same figure, when a key 4-1 is pressed down about a fulcrum 4-2, the amount of continuous key press displacement is converted into rotational displacement by a rack 4-3 and a pinion 4-4, A variable resistor 4-5 attached coaxially with the rotating shaft 4-4a of -4 is rotated.

The CPU 4 of the microcomputer constituting the operation displacement detection means and the tone selection means of the performance operator has a ROM 5.
It performs processing operations based on the data.

When a key with a key mechanism as shown in the figure is pressed, the CPU 4 selects one voltage from a voltage source (not shown) and applies it to the variable resistor 4-5, The amount of key press displacement is detected as a continuous analog voltage value and input to a multiplexer (not shown). Then, the voltage value is selectively controlled by the CPU 4 and applied to the A/D converter 3. Based on the digital output value from the A/Il converter 3, the CPU 4 can read the amount of key press displacement of w14-1, and the CPU 4 performs this process in a time-sharing manner for all keys held by the key 911. It is processed accordingly.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the configuration of a variable resistor matrix circuit as an example of a means for detecting the operation displacement of the performance operator in the above embodiment, in which a number of variable resistors 6 corresponding to each key 4-1 are arranged in a matrix. It has a configuration in which it is placed at 1, for example, 11g! ! 114-1 each in 1. 11 can be integrated with a pressure source, multiplexer, etc.

According to the above embodiment, continuous key press displacement of the six keys 4-1 is detected, and a musical tone of a specific tone is selected and controlled based on the displacement detection signal corresponding to the detection. An electronic keyboard instrument can be obtained that can sufficiently express the musical emotion expressed by a person's key press touch by selecting a musical tone with a specific tone suitable for that emotion.

In the above-described embodiment, a matrix array of racks, pinions, and variable resistors is used as the operation displacement detection means for detecting the operation displacement of the performance controls. For example, a light amount detection element such as a piezoelectric element, a Hall element, or a CDS, whose output value changes depending on the
It is also possible to use an electromagnet or the like.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the electronic musical instrument is equipped with a built-in sound source device, an amplifier, a speaker, and the like.

The present invention is not necessarily limited to those having built-in sound source devices, etc., and the present invention can be applied to electronic musical instruments having various types of performance operators. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the values of Xlc (the amount of key press displacement at which the sound generation process should be started) and Xh (the amount of key press displacement at which the envelope of the musical tone should move to the sustain phase) may be changed depending on the type of instrument or tone, and more By providing steps, or by classifying changes in the amount of operational displacement of the operator into more modes (phases), it is possible to select and control the production of musical tones with more different tones. Further, in the above embodiment, keys are used as an example of the performance operator, but for example,
No. 5 and JP-A No. 51-120211,
In the case of this slow bow, which may be a bow used in an electronic violin, it is necessary to provide an operation displacement detection means for detecting continuous operation displacement of the bow.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the electronic musical instrument of the present invention includes a performance operator that is operated during performance to instruct the start of musical sound generation, and an operation displacement that detects continuous operational displacement of the performance operator. A performance operator is provided with a detection means and a timbre selection control means for selectively controlling which tone is to be produced based on a displacement detection signal corresponding to the operation displacement detected by the operation displacement detection means. The change in the operating displacement of
This is different from the case where the key press speed is detected using a contact method and the tone of the generated musical note is selected based on the detected initial touch data.

The musical emotion that the performer puts into the operation of the performance controls such as the W1 board is detected in detail and in real time, and musical tones of various tones are selected according to the operational displacement at that point, producing rich tones. It is possible to play with 1p,
There is an effect that

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a graph diagram showing changes in key press displacement amount, FIG. 3 is a flowchart diagram of attack phase processing operation, and FIG. Similarly, FIG. 5 is a diagram of a key mechanism, and FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a matrix arrangement of variable resistors. 1... W board, 2... Displacement voltage converter,
3...A/D converter, 4...CP
U, 4-1...Key, 4-3...Rack, 4-4...Pinion, 4-5...Variable resistor, 5. ...ROM, 6...Sound source device. Patent applicant: Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Figure 2! ＆V

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A performance operator that is operated during performance to instruct the start of musical tone generation; an operation displacement detection means that detects continuous operation displacement of the performance operator; detection by the operation displacement detection means. an electronic musical instrument comprising: tone selection control means for selectively controlling a musical tone of a specific tone based on a displacement detection signal corresponding to the operation displacement made; and for generating a musical tone of the selected and controlled tone. .