JPH01141267A - Motion direction converting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the overall size and weight by projecting a rotary shaft having eccentric axis parallel with the axis of rotation of a rotary body such that it can rotate integrally with the rotary body and projecting the rotary shaft to the outside of a cylinder. CONSTITUTION:When rotary motion of a rotary shaft 23 is converted into linear motion of a piston 5, the rotary shaft 23 is rotated by a motor 30 so as to revolve an integral rotary body 20 around the rotary shaft 23 thus reciprocating the piston 5 linearly in a cylinder 2 with a sliding body 17 reciprocating along a guide section 16 if the piston 5. When fluid in the cylinder 2 is pressurized and depressurized repeatedly, the rotary body 20 revolves with the piston 5 continuing reciprocation thus rotary driving the rotary shaft 23. Since large space is not required between the rotary shaft 23 and the piston 5, overall size and weight of device can be reduced.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Field The present invention is designed to pressurize or depressurize a fluid in a cylinder by rotationally driving a rotary shaft by an electric motor or the like to generate a linear reciprocating motion in a piston. Linear reciprocating motion of a piston, such as a pump, a reciprocating engine, a hydraulic motor, etc. that rotates a rotating shaft by alternately pressurizing and depressurizing the fluid in the cylinder to generate linear reciprocating motion of the piston. The present invention relates to a device that can be widely applied as a motion direction converting device that mutually converts the rotational motion of a rotary shaft and a rotary shaft.

Conventional technology and problems to be solved by the invention Conventionally, a piston is reciprocated within a cylinder by continuously rotating a rotating shaft in one direction using an electric motor, an internal combustion engine, etc. as a drive source to control the fluid in the cylinder. In pumps that pressurize or depressurize the fluid in the cylinder, reciprocating engines and hydraulic motors that rotate the rotating shaft by causing the piston to reciprocate in a straight line by alternately pressurizing and depressurizing the fluid in the cylinder, etc. Since the rotating shaft was the crankshaft and the eccentric shaft and piston were connected by a connecting rod, a certain amount of space was required between the piston and the crankshaft for the connecting rod to rotate and reciprocate. , a large bending moment acts on the crankshaft, and a large buckling load acts on the connecting rod, so it needs to be made into a strong shape, which has the disadvantage of making the overall size significantly larger and heavier. .

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention, as a means for solving the above problems, forms a guide part in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the piston, which is slidably fitted into the cylinder. , a circular hole whose axis is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the sliding body and the sliding direction of the piston, respectively, is formed in the sliding body that is freely slidably fitted in the guide part, and the circular hole is freely rotatable. A rotary shaft inserted into the cylinder is provided with a rotating shaft whose central axis is an eccentric shaft parallel to the central axis of rotation of the rotary body so as to rotate integrally with the rotary body, and the rotary shaft is transparent through the side surface of the cylinder. It is configured so that it protrudes outside the cylinder through the provided bearing hole.

Functions and Effects The present invention has the above configuration, and when converting the rotational motion of the rotating shaft into linear reciprocating motion of the piston, when the rotating shaft is rotated by the drive of an electric motor, etc., the rotating body integrated with the rotating shaft rotates. By revolving around the central axis of the rotating shaft, the sliding body reciprocates along the piston's guide part, and the piston reciprocates in a straight line within the cylinder. When converting reciprocating motion into rotational motion of the rotary shaft, the piston is caused to reciprocate by repeating pressurization and depressurization of the fluid in the cylinder, and the sliding body reciprocates along the guide portion of the piston. The rotating shaft is rotationally driven by the rotating body revolving around the central axis of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft and piston can be connected without using a connecting rod that requires a certain space for reciprocating rotation. At the same time, the rotating shaft is supported by the cylinder into which the piston is inserted, so there is no need for a large space between the rotating shaft and the piston.
Since there are no components that are subject to large buckling loads like connecting rods or large bending moments like crankshafts, each component needs to be large and heavy in order to increase rigidity. This has the effect that the entire device can be made smaller and lighter.

Example Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 3 show a first embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a pump for pumping fluids such as oil, water, air, etc. O-rings 5a, 5 are placed in the sliding hole 3 of the block-shaped cylinder 2, which is transparent in the direction of the cylinder 2 and whose upper and lower ends are hermetically closed by covers 4.4.
circular recesses 5b, 5 on both upper and lower end surfaces.
The piston 5 having the shape b is fitted tightly and freely slidable in the vertical direction, and an upper chamber 6 and a lower chamber 7 are respectively formed on the upper surface side and the lower surface side of the piston 5 in the sliding hole 3, and the cylinder At the upper end of 2, a suction boat 8 is provided with a check valve 10 which is normally closed by the elasticity of a compression coil spring 10a, and a check valve 11 which is usually closed by the elasticity of a compression coil spring 11a. A check valve lO and a discharge boat 9 interposed in the opposite direction are respectively formed to communicate with the upper chamber 6, and when the upper chamber 6 is depressurized by the descent of the piston 5, the suction boat 8 is reversely opened. The stop valve 10 opens against the elasticity of the compression coil spring lO&, fluid flows into the upper chamber 6 from the opened suction boat 8, and the upper chamber 6 is pressurized by the rise of the piston 5. The check valve 11 of the discharge boat 9 opens against the elasticity of the compression coil spring lla,
The fluid in the upper chamber 6 is discharged from this opened discharge boat 9, and at the lower end of the cylinder 2, a suction boat 8 and a discharge boat 9 having the same configuration as above are connected to the lower chamber 7. It is formed in a continuous manner.

A guide portion 16 with a square cross section is formed by penetrating the piston 5 at its intermediate height in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the piston 5, and a block-shaped sliding body 17 slides on this guide portion 16. A circular hole I8 is fitted in the sliding body I7 so as to be freely movable, and has a horizontal axis O that is perpendicular to both the sliding direction of the sliding body 17 and the sliding direction of the piston 5.
is formed through the sliding body 17, and a rotary body 20 having a circular cross section is fitted concentrically and with relative freedom of rotation into this circular hole 18, and the eccentric axis parallel to the axis 0 of the rotary body 20 is an axis. The cylinder 2 is connected to the connecting hole 21 formed at the center P.
A rotating shaft 23 rotatably supported in a bearing hole 27 transparently provided in the peripheral wall of the piston 5 is fitted through a through hole 22 that reaches the guide portion 16 from the outer periphery of the piston 5, and a parallel shaft formed at the fitting end of the rotating shaft 23 The rotating shaft 23 and the rotating body 20 are integrally connected by the engagement between the two parallel surfaces 24.24 and two parallel surfaces 25.25 formed at the inner end of the connecting hole 21.
An end portion of the cylinder 2 of No. 3 that projects outside is connected to an output shaft (not shown) of an electric motor 30 fixed to the cylinder 2. Here, the rotating shaft 23 may be formed integrally with the rotating body 20.

The present embodiment has the above-described configuration, and when the rotating shaft 23 is rotated at high speed by the drive of the electric motor 30, the rotating body 20, which is integrated with the rotating shaft 23, rotates inside the circular hole 18 of the sliding body 17 while rotating the rotating shaft 23. The rotating body 2 revolves around the axis P as the rotation center.
0 rotates in the clockwise direction shown by the arrow in FIG. While moving from the center position in the figure to the right along the figure and returning to the center position, the piston 5 descends from the top dead center shown by the solid line in the figure and reaches the bottom dead center shown by the chain line in the figure. When the rotating body 20 further rotates, the piston 5 rises from the bottom dead center to the top dead center while the sliding body 17 reciprocates once in the left direction, and this is one cycle as the piston 5 moves inside the cylinder 2. By continuously reciprocating, one of the upper chamber 6 and lower chamber 7 is depressurized and fluid is sucked from the suction boat 8, while the other is pressurized and fluid is discharged from the discharge boat 9. is repeated, and fluid is pumped alternately from both discharge boats 9.9.

In addition, in this embodiment, the chambers 6 and 7 for sucking and discharging fluid
are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the piston 5, and
Since the volumes of both chambers 6.7 are increased by forming the recesses 5b, 5b on both the upper and lower end surfaces of the apparatus, there is an advantage that the discharge amount is large relative to the overall size of the apparatus.

Although the device of the above embodiment is applied to a pump for pumping fluid, this device can also be used as a vacuum pump, and in this case, the suction boat 8.8 of the cylinder 2 can be replaced with a container (not shown). The configuration may be such that the discharge boat 9.9 is connected to the atmosphere and the discharge boat 9.9 can communicate with the atmosphere. By applying pressure, the gas in the chamber 6.7 is discharged to the atmosphere through the discharge boat 9, and by repeating this process, the gas in the container is continuously discharged.

Next, a second embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an air motor will be described based on FIG. 4.

In the second embodiment, the inside of the cylinder 2 has the same structure as the first embodiment, and the upper and lower ends of the cylinder 2 have suction and exhaust boats 32 that communicate with the upper chamber 6 or the lower chamber 7, respectively.
is formed, and both suction and exhaust boats 32 and 32 act as electromagnetic switching valve 3.
3, a pressurized air supply source 34 is also connected to this switching valve 33, and the end of the rotating shaft 23 protruding from the cylinder 2 is connected to a driven member (not shown) as an output shaft. By switching the switching valve 33 at high speed, supplying and discharging pressurized air to the upper chamber 6 and lower chamber 7 is alternately performed, and the piston 5 reciprocates in the vertical direction within the cylinder 2. As the sliding body 17 reciprocates in the horizontal direction along the guide portion 16 of the piston 5, the rotating body 20 rotates within the circular hole 18 of the sliding body 17 while rotating the axis P of the rotating shaft 23. It revolves around
As a result, the rotating shaft 23 is rotationally driven.

In the second embodiment, the switching valve 33 is an electromagnetic type, but instead of this, a cam (not shown) is fitted onto the rotary shaft 23 and engaged with the switching valve 33, so that the switching valve 33 can be switched. may be performed in conjunction with the rotational movement of the rotating shaft 23.

Although the device of the second embodiment is applied to an air motor that uses pressurized air as the working fluid, this device can also be used as a hydraulic motor by using hydraulic oil as the working fluid. can.

In addition to the embodiments described above, the present invention can be applied to a reciprocating engine, and in this case, cams (not shown) fitted to the rotating shaft 23 are installed at both the upper and lower ends of the cylinder 2, respectively. The piston 5 is equipped with an intake valve and an exhaust valve that open and close in conjunction with the rotating shaft 23 when engaged with each other, and alternately repeat the intake, compression, explosion, and exhaust strokes in both the upper and lower chambers 6.7. When reciprocating, the rotary shaft 23 connected to a drive shaft (not shown) is rotationally driven by the same effect as in the second embodiment.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 3 of the accompanying drawings show a first embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway external perspective view, FIG. 2 is a sectional view, and FIG. 3 is taken along A-A in FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment. 2 Niji cylinder 5: Piston 16: Guide part 17: Sliding body 18: Circular hole 20: Rotating body 23: Rotating ring 27:
Ring receiving hole O: Axis center (of circular hole) P: Axis center (of rotating shaft)

Claims (1)

[Claims] A guide part is formed on the piston that is slidably fitted into the cylinder in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the piston, and a sliding body that is slidably fitted in the guide part is formed in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the piston. A circular hole is formed whose axis is in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the piston, and an eccentric shaft parallel to the central axis of rotation of the rotary body is formed as a central axis of a rotating body fitted in the circular hole so as to rotate freely. A rotating shaft is provided to protrude so as to rotate integrally with the rotating body, and the rotating shaft is projected outside the cylinder through a bearing hole provided in a side surface of the cylinder. Device