JPH01133594A - 3-phase semiconductor motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate the assembling of the title motor, by a method wherein apparatuses, including a Hall element, are incorporated into one piece of integral circuit while only a capacitor, a variable resistor and the like are equipped as externally mounting members. CONSTITUTION:A Silicon steel disc 7, which becomes a magnetic path, is bonded on a base plate 2 while segment type armature coils 6 are bonded thereon. The coils 6 are arranged with an equal pitch as armature coils 10a-10c shown in a diagram. A cylinder 3 is planted on said base plate 2, a rotating shaft 1 is supported pivotably while the conduction control circuit 29a of the coils 10a-10c is integrated into an IC and is put on a protruding part 2a. An annular field magnet rotor 5 is bonded on a mild steel disc 4 and N-S magnetic poles 5a-5d are provided on the rotor 5 with an equal pitch. The outer periphery of the rotor 5 becomes a magnet rotor 8 for detecting a position. Hall element 11a is arranged at the intermediate position of the neighboring part of the neighboring coils 10a, 10c and is opposed to said rotor 8.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is used as a power source for industrial equipment and consumer equipment as a coreless or three-phase DC motor with a core.

[Conventional technology]

Tokuko Sho 5G-K6 YuAda No., Tokko Sho 3 by the applicant
There are issues such as 9-3/10. There are also well-known three-phase DC motors that have commutators, brushes, or utilize Hall elements.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Ninety-three phase DC electric motors equipped with commutator brushes have a long history and have therefore been extensively researched technically.

Therefore, there are almost no problems with its simple structure, ease of assembly, and price, and it has a wide range of uses even today.

However, the service life is short due to wear of commutators and brushes, and this causes a high failure rate and mechanical noise.
Disadvantages such as large electrical noise have not been resolved.

When used as a drive source for cassette recorders, compact desks, etc., it is necessary to perform constant speed control.

A bridge servo circuit is generally used for this purpose, but during use, the resistance changes due to the sliding between the brush and commutator, and this change is the same as the speed change signal, so it conversely causes speed fluctuations. However, there is a problem in that the reproduced sound quality deteriorates.

Second problem.

The angular phase of the magnet rotor is detected using a Hall element (one of the magnetoelectric conversion elements) as a position detection element, and the transistor circuit (three-phase bridge circuit) is energized to control the armature current and convert the three-phase There is a way to obtain a DC motor.

According to this means, all the drawbacks of the above-mentioned commutator type DC motor can be completely eliminated.

However, the disadvantage is that the assembly work is complicated and expensive. In particular, the smaller and flat the object, the more serious this problem becomes (
Become.

Since three Hall elements are used, the number of lead-out lines is /-. Since the space in which the Hall element is located is a narrow void, this should be understandable considering this process.

Third problem.

In order to simplify the configuration and create a small and flat electric motor (for example, the capstan motor of a small tape recorder called Walkman), a method has been adopted in which the Hall element is removed and the back electromotive force is used as the position detection signal. Since starting is performed using a stepping motor, starting often fails.

Furthermore, if a U-phase electric motor is used, the ripple torque will increase, and if a /-phase electric motor is used, the ripple torque will further increase, and there will be many problems in starting.

As mentioned above, the present situation is that when the structure is simplified and the device is made flat and inexpensive, problems arise in terms of characteristics and practicality is lost.

Fourth problem.

In a small semiconductor motor (brushless motor) with an output of about 10 watts or less, it is desired that its control circuit be housed within the motor housing.

To achieve this purpose, electronic circuits are integrated into integrated circuits (hereinafter referred to as I).
C).

Although some products for this purpose have been released, in all of them, only a part of the circuit is integrated into an IC, so that the above-mentioned purpose cannot be achieved. The problems that cannot be achieved are as follows.

That is, since all three Hall elements must be separately arranged at specific positions, it becomes difficult to integrate the entire device into an IC.

The fifth problem is that Hall elements have a small output and cannot be used at high temperatures, so they cannot be used in motors with large outputs.

The sixth problem is that the aforementioned
The technology described in the above issue generates a lot of vibration, makes it impossible to avoid impact noise (the sound of collision between the bearing and the rotating shaft) due to its structure, and has a service life of only a few hours, making it impractical. The reason why the service life is short is that the oil-impregnated bearing wears out due to impact.

[Means for solving problems]

Since the device of the present invention is a brushless motor (semiconductor motor) without a brush commutator, the first problem is solved.

Since a three-phase DC motor is constructed in which seven Hall elements or one to two coils are used as position detection elements, the problems λth to 6th can be solved.

Next, the details will be explained.

In order to use only one Hall element, a magnet rotor for position detection is provided separately from a field magnet rotor for torque generation.
A plurality of sets of magnetic poles are provided, and these are separated by /-0 degrees in electrical angle, and the output of the Hall element is set as l-0 degrees in electrical angle opposite the N and S poles (hereinafter, the electrical angle is 1-0 degrees). ), and a third position detection signal having a width of 120 degrees facing the non-magnetic field part are obtained.

A first conductor that conducts these position detection signals as a base input.
．． A transistor bridge circuit consisting of the second and third transistors and three other transistors is required.

The induced output (generating power) induced in the three armature coils included in the three-phase bridge circuit (Y-type connection) becomes a position detection signal, so from this signal, a well-known logic circuit is used to calculate 1.
By obtaining the required position detection signal with a width of 10 degrees and controlling the conduction of the other three transistors, exactly the same driving force as a three-phase Y-type motor can be obtained.

Since there is no inductive output at startup, only the first, second, and third transistors are controlled, and the other three transistors are kept non-conducting. At this time, the three-phase 111
A circuit is required to connect the connection point at one end of the machine coil to the positive or negative electrode for a set time. Also, a coil with a small diameter can be used instead of the Hall element. The details will be explained with reference to the examples.

No special magnetic rotor for position detection is required,
A part of the field magnet rotor can be used.

In the case of an axial gap type coreless electric motor, it is possible to make it smaller and flatter by using a special configuration.

That is, in order not to increase the thickness of the motor, the phase difference between the field magnetic pole and the position detection magnetic pole is adjusted so that the Hall element is provided in the adjacent part of the adjacent armature coil and in the air gap in the vicinity thereof. Also, in this state, the 120 degree energization of the armature coil causes the magnetic field to be strongest at the center of the field pole, thereby increasing efficiency.

The position detection magnet is provided in an annular shape within the same plane on the outer periphery of the field magnetic pole, and has a width approximately equal to the coil width in the middle of the winding on the outer periphery of the fan-shaped coil.

Since the outer peripheral part of the fan-shaped coil does not contribute to the output torque, the space in this part is used to provide the position detection magnet, so that the electric motor can have a small diameter.

Hall elements have a small output and poor temperature characteristics, so why not use a large output? Cannot be used for Ii motive.

The same position detection signal as the Hall element can be obtained using one coil or two coils by the means described later with reference to FIG.
A heat-resistant device is obtained. Therefore, the fifth problem is solved.

In the case of a small electric motor, it is desirable to house the entire control circuit inside the electric motor body.

The device of the present invention includes seven integrated circuits (I
C), the only external components are a capacitor, a variable resistor, etc., and the speed control circuit can also be integrated into an IC, making it ideal for the above-mentioned purpose.

When using a coil as a position sensing element, the coil becomes an external component. Since the diameter of the coil is several millimeters, there is no problem with miniaturization.

There are cases where one coil is used, but in this case,
There is no need to use the visiting output of the armature coil, and the electric circuit is simplified. Since the rotation mode is the same as that of the well-known three-phase Y-type DC motor, the sixth problem is solved. At the same time, the first to third problems are also solved.

[Effect]

The above-described configuration has the following effects.

First, since it is driven by one component (1-C), the configuration is simplified, assembly is easy, and mass production is possible.

Second, since the armature coil energization control is the same as a three-phase bridge circuit, the output torque is large and efficiency is increased.

Other functions are exactly the same as general brushless motors.

When applied to an axial gap type coreless electric motor, it can provide an effective technology for downsizing and flattening.

Third, Hall elements generally cannot be used at elevated temperatures. In this case, instead of the Hall element, a small-diameter coil is used as the position detection element, and it is energized with about /-, -j megacycles, and instead of the position detection magnet rotor, for example, 3 The above-mentioned coil is opposed to the step surface of a conductor rotor (rotating synchronously with the magnet rotor) having steps on its circumferential surface.

According to this means, the eddy current loss due to the magnetic flux of the coil changes, and the current flowing through the coil changes.

Since this change in the applied current can be used as a position detection signal, the present invention can also be applied to electric motors with high output and a large temperature rise.

At startup, three-phase, single-wave current is applied, but since the entire voltage is applied to the seven armature coils and a large startup torque is obtained, the above-mentioned disadvantages can be eliminated.

Fourthly, it is possible to use a single coil serving as a position detection element and dispose them at a distance of IgO degrees from each other, so that a three-phase bridge circuit can be driven by the position detection output from the single coil.

Therefore, the driving torque is exactly the same as that of the well-known three-phase Y-type motor '1', and its characteristics remain the same.

When integrated into an IC, the coil becomes an external component, but only three conductors (one wire for both coils is common) simplifies wiring.

〔Example〕

The detailed milk 1 of the apparatus of the present invention will be explained with reference to the embodiments shown in FIG. 1 and subsequent figures. Components with the same symbols in the drawings are the same members, so redundant explanation will be omitted.

In FIG. 1, a silicon steel disk 7 serving as a magnetic path is stuck on a substrate a, and a fan-shaped armature coil 6 is stuck thereon.

The details of the armature coil B are shown in Figure 2.The width of the conductor section effective for torque is 90 degrees in mechanical angle, and the width of the conductor part, which is effective for torque, is 90 degrees in mechanical angle. so that the armature coils 10 fL, 10 b.

There are 70 units. A substrate, 21C+soil, and a cylinder 3 are planted, and a rotating shaft 1 is rotatably supported by a shaft bearing ta (dot part) fitted inside the cylinder 3.

As a shaft bearing, the Oilless Spare IJ 7-G Wakashiku uses a ball bearing. An energization control circuit for the armature coils 104, 10b, 10/' is mounted as an IC and designated by the symbol -qα on the protrusion α of the substrate °.

Returning to FIG. 1, the rotating shaft/VC is fixed at the center of a mild steel disc, and a circular field magnet rotor is attached to the back surface of the disc.

The details are shown in Figure 2.

The field magnet rotor is composed of annular ferrite magnets with N, S magnetic poles Sα, 5b, 5, and d (width 90 degrees in mechanical angle) arranged at equal pitches along the circumferential surface. has been done.

The symbol D is an internal hole. This embodiment is an axial gap type coreless electric motor.

The outer periphery of the field magnet rotor 3 serves as an annular position detection magnet rotor t, and two sets of magnetic poles, /V and S, are provided as shown in the figure. 1 set of N
, the space between the S pole and the other seven pairs is a non-magnetic field area, and is indicated by O. Among these, 1i/V, which is the same as the width of the S pole.

The width of the N and S poles is 60 degrees in mechanical angle and 120 degrees in electrical angle.

The magnetic poles of the magnet rotor t for position detection are symbols gtt and g.
; b, . . . , and the zero magnetic field portion or the cutout portion of the magnet is shown as qrL, . A signal with a better signal-to-noise ratio can be obtained by using a notch.

Next, the effects of the above-mentioned configuration will be explained with reference to the developed view of FIG. 3.

In FIG. 3, the armature;
.

1017 is a well-known three-phase armature coil. The armature coil 10 indicated by the dotted line has been moved to the position of symbol 106, so the armature coils 10α, 101r, /θ
C also becomes a J-phase armature coil.

The width of each armature coil is 1 tro electrical degree, and the spacing is 60
degree. All angles shown below are in electrical angles.

As shown in FIG. There is.

The width of the position detection magnet rotor t in the radial direction is approximately equal to the coil width of the outer periphery of the fan-shaped armature coil, as shown in FIG.

The energization of the coil in this part has no effect on the output torque, so
Even if a field magnetic pole is present, it is ineffective.

The 7th feature of the device of the present invention is that the outer diameter of the motor is reduced by providing a magnet rotor t for position detection in such an ineffective portion.
It has two characteristics.

Further, since the Hall element //1 is placed and fixed in the above-mentioned space, it does not overlap with the armature coil, and therefore has the feature that it can be configured flat.

As shown by arrows B and C in Figure 3, each width is 1
When the field magnet rotor S rotates 10 degrees in the direction of arrow A, the magnetic field up to the Hall element ll enters the magnetic pole d, so an output is obtained, and this output causes the electric machine to Child coil io a is energized. When further rotated by iso degrees, the Hall element //LL comes under the magnetic field of the magnetic pole ga, and its output causes the armature coil /θC to pass.

The energization angle is 120 degrees, and the driving torque is obtained by Fleming's force at the part of the field magnetic poles a and zct where the magnetic field is strongest. Therefore, the efficiency is the same as that of the three-phase Y type. Another feature of the device of the present invention is that the magnetic poles of the field magnet rotor 5 and the position detecting magnet rotor g are arranged in phase as shown in the figure so as to satisfy the above conditions. When field magnet rotation +3 rotates in the direction of arrow A, Hall element //4 becomes magnetic pole td.

rP, zero magnetic field? 1, the armature coil 1
0α, /θQ, and 10b are each energized by 1.20 degrees and output torque is obtained, so the motor rotates as a −3-phase motor.

Next, the above-mentioned energization control will be explained using the energization control circuits shown in FIG.

In FIG. 7, the output of the Hall element //1 is amplified by operational amplifiers 27α and 27b and becomes a rectangular wave output. The symbol 3/4 is the positive pole of the DC power supply.

The operational amplifier 17fL provides an output when the Hall element //G faces the north pole, and the operational amplifier 27b provides an output when the south pole faces the hall element//G.

The output of the operational amplifier 271 should be a curve with a width of 1.20 degrees in the time chart of Fig.
Since there is a dead zone at the boundary point between the N and S magnetic poles, the angle is smaller than 120 degrees.

The output of the operational amplifier 27b also has a width smaller than that of bW for the same reason, and is shown as a curve Hb in Figure 2.The output of the operational amplifier 271 is curve Iv;llll-3α.

The curves qy a and ++ b are magnetic field distribution curves of the magnetic poles N and S around the position detection magnet rotor.

FIG. 7 (returning to α), the upper and lower inputs of the extal-sive OR circuit (mismatched circuit) sg are the inversions of the output of the operational amplifier RIb and the output of the operational amplifier core α, respectively.

Therefore, the curve qSb in Figure 1 and the curve i<zx.

The outputs of the mismatch circuit 2g are curves q7α and ti'yb.

Therefore, the terminal? θa, ,? ob, 3o a
The outputs of are shown in FIG. 9 1 (slope curve 41q c ,
G3b, Da7α, Gukub. symbol,? /a,
J/b is the power supply positive and negative terminals.

Figure 7 (-J circuit is shown in Figure 7(d) with symbol 7/
It is shown as a block diagram. Terminals 3θc with the same symbol, , ? The outputs of ob, 3o a are sent to transistors 3s a, J! via an inverting circuit. b,
3! ; It is input to the base of a to control conduction.

In FIG. 7(d), armature coils 10α and 10h.

10 C) Also connected in Y type, transistor 3S1゜, ? Power supply control is performed by a transistor bridge circuit constituted by j b , . . . , 3sf.

Terminal 2? θp1,? The outputs of θb, , 70/' cause the transistors 3A; 4 to pass through inverting circuits, respectively.
, 3A; b.

Since the base control of 3SP is performed, Fig. 9 (α
), each transistor is sequentially turned on by the width of the curve Qα, 97α, f7b.

Due to the above-mentioned energization, the armature coil /θ4.10b,
106 is energized in only one direction.

At this time, the transistors 3s cl , , tse
, , ys f are held non-conducting at °C.

However, since the transistor Jjy is conductive, the above-mentioned energization is performed. The conduction of transistor JSg is controlled as follows.

A symbol 72 shown as a block circuit performs arithmetic processing on the position detection signal obtained by the inductive output of the armature coil, and performs arithmetic processing on the position detection signal obtained by the inductive output of the armature coil, and performs arithmetic processing on the transistors 3Sα, 3! b.

. . . is a circuit for obtaining the base control signal of tsf.

The details will be described later.

Terminals 128, 72b, . . . of the block circuit 72
72f's output signal 1, the curve 7A II
, 7/, b, ? AC and curve 71! , 77b,
77'? becomes.

These electrical signals are input to monostable circuits ♂os and gob via OR circuits 7qφ and 79b, and their outputs are as follows:
It is integrated by capacitor g3.

Therefore, the operational amplifier, 7. ? The input to one terminal of d is a signal voltage proportional to the rotation speed.

The means for obtaining an electrical signal proportional to the rotational speed may be any other known means.

The + terminal input is the reference voltage terminal, 33g reference voltage.

As mentioned above, the output of the block circuit 71 causes the transistors 334, 3! b, 3! ; When O is turned on and the rotational speed is below the set value, the output of the operational amplifier Jjd becomes a low level, and the transistor J! r,! 7 is conductive.

Therefore, transistor J! ;rt, ,7! ; &
When , Ju;

The torque curve at this time is shown in FIG.
r LL , qg b , qg * are indicated by thick lines.

The dotted line portion is a torque curve when the armature coil is energized at ltO degrees.

Therefore, it starts and rotates. When the rotational speed increases and the input voltage at one terminal of the operational amplifier 33d exceeds the input voltage at the child terminal, the output of the operational amplifier 3k(t) changes to a low level and the transistor 3S!1 becomes non-conductive.

The resistor 361 controls the armature current at startup.
In the range IyJ in which armature coils io a , 10 b , and io e do not burn out, the smaller the resistance 3 O exposure, the greater the starting torque. The energization according to the curve g7b (FIG. 9(S)) results in a counter-torque and reverses at startup, but it can immediately rotate forward and start.

At this time, armature coils 101&, 10e,
An induced output (power generation output) is generated at 10b.

Such an inductive output is generated by the operational amplifier 334 in FIG. 7(d).
, 336, t? ,? 6K is input. That is, the common connection point of each armature coil is grounded via the resistor 36, and the voltage at the ground point is set to '/2 of the power supply voltage. The common connection point is operational amplifier 3. ? α, ,
? ,7 b, ,73'! The armature coil is input to one terminal of the
The other end of 0h is connected.

Because of the above-mentioned configuration, the inputs to the eleventh terminals of the operational amplifiers 33α, , 7J h , , 3J e, which are linear amplifier circuits, are as follows in the time chart of FIG. 7 (=):
Curve 341 @ , ! 'I b , - and the curve! rj
a, r! b ... and curved tool a, tA b
...becomes... The flat part in the center is the transistor, H1
m, , 3; b, jj 6 conduction section.

The phase difference between each curve is 720 degrees.

However, capacitors 317a, 39b, 3
The actual input waveform integrated for Q e is shown in Figure 9 (C
) is 7.5 Bsq. Note that the phase of each curve is delayed. The curve s7 is out of phase by 30 degrees with respect to the curves ru 6L and 5tIb.

The capacitance of the capacitor described above is selected so that there is a lag of 30 degrees. Curve 5g.

59 are also delayed in phase by 7Q degrees. The phase lag of 30 degrees may be small or may be 0 degrees. However, at 30 degrees, the torque is the largest and the efficiency is also good.

Curve';7. ! From the electric signal II, 59, only the positive part is extracted from the three rectangular wave rectifying and shaping circuits α, Ju b, 326 K, and the curve 73 g in FIG. 9(C) is obtained.
, 7J h, ... and curve Wrt, 7'Ab:.
・And curve 7S son, 7! ;b,...

The curves 73Φ, 7J b , . . . are between lzaO transformers.

The same applies to other curves. Furthermore, the phases of the curves 73 and 751 are delayed by l-0 degrees.

The block circuit indicated by symbol 7 connects terminal ')28.7:lb when the above-mentioned position detection signal is input.

...From tx f, curve 76 of the 9th (C), 76
b, 76'.

77 K, 77 B, ? 7e is a conventional logic circuit in which the position detection signal is generated.

The logic circuit 72 can be exactly the same as the conventional logic circuit for processing the position detection signal when three Hall elements are used.

For example, the logic circuit shown in FIG. In Figure g, °C,
Terminal 671! , All, Ale input signals are:
Curves 73α, 7j b, and 7j b in FIG. 7(C), respectively.
...and curve 744 eL, ? 4t h,...
・And the curves 754, 756, . . . are booming. The input of the AND circuit AJ LL is the inversion of the song IQ73'L and the curve 7QG, so its output is the curve 76
It becomes 4.

The outputs of the AND circuits 6za, 6zae, ..., 7gf are:
+4. Curves 76b, %gu, 77den, 77ei, 77 respectively
It becomes a fire.

Therefore, the terminals 6q c , t, q b , ..., bq
The output signal of f is output from terminal 72 of FIG. 7(d), ? !
b, . . . , 72f, and the purpose is achieved. The signal train of the curve 76α in FIG. 2(e) has a phase difference of 1 degree by 1 degree and a phase difference of 1 degree from each other. Another curve 76b.

76', 77α,? The same applies to 71S and 77/-.

Curve 7AG, 76 &, XZ- and Curve 7
Seven exhaustion? ? A.

? ? ” is obtained continuously over a width of 12a degrees, as shown in the figure.

Due to the electric signals of curves 76α, 76b, 77; e, the transistor 3 of FIG.
s, Jj e are respectively conductive, and the curve 7qa
, 77b, 77/? The electric signal causes the transistors 3d, 35a, . . . ysf to conduct.

The above transistor 3Sα, 3! ;b, 33
The conduction angle and phase of "
, 70 h, and 3θC, but it is not necessary to do so. Terminal 726L,? 2b, transistor by 72eVC,
5133G, 3! ;b, 33c There is no need to perform base control.

As can be understood from the above description, it is driven with exactly the same characteristics as a general three-phase Y-type electric motor, and has the feature that only one Hall element is required.

When the part surrounded by the dotted line 3- is made into an IC, it becomes a Hall element //
Since it includes α, it is Clause 0 in Figure 2.

The ICJ
It can be configured by connecting the power terminal and armature coil to the IC pin y3ta, 3/h and other required /C pins only on the hot water side, which simplifies the configuration. Commutator brush 1, like the motor, has the feature of producing an inexpensive electric motor that can be mass-produced.

When integrated into an IC, it is desirable that the peak value of the input current be about 0.degree. ampere or less, so that a small motor with sufficient output can be obtained, especially for use in audio equipment.

The Hall element //l& can be based on gallium arsenide or silicon.

In the case of a motor with a large output, transistor 3! of FIG. 7(d) is used. α,'Jj; The purpose is achieved by controlling the energization.

In FIG. 7 (dJ), without using the outputs of the upper three stages of the logic circuit 7, as mentioned above, only the outputs of the lower three stages, that is, the outputs of the terminals 72d, 7j d, ? rd, 3sa, ,yzf
The same objective can be achieved by controlling the

Also, by the three outputs of the electric circuit 7/, the transistor 3s
The same objective can be achieved by performing base control of d, 3s t, and 3s J'. At this time, the tiger 6
The resistor 3S9 is connected between the terminal 3/'L and the common connection point of the armature coils.

The conduction control of the transistor 38g uses a time constant circuit including a capacitor, and when it is set after starting, it is 1f4m.
It is also possible to conduct up to This is because the set rotation speed is reached after the set time.

Transistor, y3d, , ys t, sr f
When the conduction control is added, torques of 9α, 99b, and Q9e are added to the curve (bold line part) in FIG. 9(L).

The width between the dotted lines (M) is 60 degrees due to the phase difference between both torques.

For example, curve 9α is a torque curve when armature coil lOtL is energized in the opposite direction.

Fig. 7 (curve gku b of ri is a counter torque, but curve mt
Since there is a positive torque of qe, there is no doubt that the positive torque will prevail.

However, since it induces vibration,
1 and as a bypass filter, [ftl#4'
? ' It is good to eliminate the torque III line, since the position detection signal <7j 4 and the width of IIJ-h is a little smaller than 20 degrees, there is a slight gap between the thick lines.

However, since it is continuous due to the inductance of the armature coil, there will be no major disturbance.

In FIG. 7, the magnetic disc 7 is moved to the lower side of the board, the armature coil 6 is fixed on the board, the magnetic disc 7 is fixed to the lower end of the rotating shaft, and the field is The present invention can also be implemented as a configuration in which the magnet rotor 5 and the magnet rotor 5 rotate synchronously.

The armature shown in FIG. 2 (CJ) is an example in which the number of armature coils is doubled.

The overall configuration is the same as that shown in FIG. 1, with field magnet rotors having N and S magnetic poles.

There are 6 fan-shaped armature coils, symbol 101°/θb,
..., 10f, and the width of the conductor section effective for torque is <(j degrees (mechanical angle)).

The IC indicated by the symbol 291 is the same as in the previous embodiment, and is fixed on the protrusion 2b of the substrate.

Hall element //4 is armature coil IOA, 106
placed between. For this purpose armature coil iob.

The outer edge of 10. is deformed into a shape that is pulled inward.

It is clear that the present invention can also be practiced with the embodiment shown in FIG. 2(-), as shown in FIG.

In FIG. 2(b), the symbol 29b ('-) is an IC pin.

The 7th IQ (cL) IC3 includes the following constants and
A speed control means is added. The resistor/transistor 33h is connected in series to the armature circuit. resistance de/
The voltage drop is linearly amplified by an amplifying circuit &'/, and its output is input to one terminal of an operational amplifier, ya f.

A reference voltage for specifying the rotation speed is input to the ten terminals of the operational amplifier JJ m, and one terminal is inputted to the terminal JJM.
Rotation speed signal is input.

At startup, the op amp? Since the output of J m is high level, the operational amplifier 7. ? The output of f also becomes high level, and the transistor 33h becomes conductive.

Therefore, the entire voltage of the power supply positive terminal 3/a and the negative terminal Jlb is applied to the motor to start it.

When reaching near the set rotational speed, the output 17M pressure of the operational amplifier 3.7m that performs linear amplification drops, and the operational amplifier 3.7m output voltage decreases. ? When it becomes smaller than the input voltage at one terminal of f,
The outputs of the operational amplifiers J and jf are turned to low level, and the transistor 35h is turned non-conductive.

However, the armature current flows through the resistor/diode 2 due to the release of the stored magnetic energy in the armature coil.

This current decreases, op amp? ,? When the input terminal of one terminal of f falls below that of ten terminals, the operational amplifier,
7. ? The output of f changes to high level, and transistor 35h becomes conductive. The armature current therefore increases.

Increased operational amplifier 3. ? The input voltage at one terminal of f is
When the input voltage becomes higher than the input voltage of the 10th terminal, the operational amplifier 33f
The output of the transistor JSh changes to a low level, and the transistor JSh becomes non-conductive.

By repeating the ON/OFF cycle of the transistor 33, the armature current is maintained at a set value, so that current is supplied in accordance with the load and constant speed rotation is maintained.

In general constant speed control means, the transistor 33k operates in the active region, so the Joule loss is large, but in this embodiment, the transistor 33k operates in the saturation region, so the Joule loss is small. This is particularly effective when using dry batteries whose power supply voltage varies.

Also, even if the working voltage is changed, constant current control
There is an advantage that there is no need to change the winding of the armature coil.

When changing the constant rotation speed, when changing the resistance 9/, the resistance 9/ may be changed.

Therefore, it is preferable that the resistor 9/ be an external component.

IC bins to which other external components are connected are not marked a, z
p b,...jJ44 da.

The operational amplifier JJf needs to have hysteresis characteristics. The width of the armature current ripple value is specified by the hysteresis characteristic.

Next, a case will be described in which the present invention is implemented in an electric motor having a core (magnetic core).

In FIG. 4 CG), side plates (circular) /co α and /cob are fitted from the left and right on both sides of the external cylinder /2 made of mild steel. The moving water /, 74, /, 7b is fitted into the central protrusion of the side plate /L24, /b, and the rotation 1IIl/
is rotatably supported.

has been done.

The ends of the prongs (sg shown by the dotted line R at the right end in Figure φ) are magnetized to the poles, and the space between the N and S magnetic poles of each pair is a notch, the width of which is 720 degrees.

The N and S magnetic poles have the symbol 2'l I! , 2dab,,ZQd
, 2 old, and the notch is marked sy a, , 2tt f
and °C are shown.

Armature /S has a salient pole of 151m, /! ;b,
15 n are provided, and each salient pole has an armature coil 3α,
nb.

We are wrapped. The width of each salient pole is 180 degrees, and the magnetic pole/
It is equal to the width of lI'L, /41 b, .

Further, the salient poles lSα,/Riri,B;v are spaced apart from each other by 60 degrees.

Comparing the developed diagram in Figure 3 and the developed diagram in Figure 6 (rL), we find that the salient pole /! t'L, /jtb, /! ;The width of e and the armature coil 10G,'10b;10The number, width, and position of e are the same. Also field magnet rotor/l
The magnetic poles I and 5 have the same configuration.

Furthermore, the configurations of the magnetic poles 9.2gh, . . . and the magnetic poles LL, gb, . . . of the position detection magnet rotor are also the same.

The position of the Hall element //a (both have the same symbol) is also the same.

Therefore, in the circuits of FIGS. 7(α) and 7(d), the armature coil O conduction, Δb, 2! It is clear that by controlling the energization of e-, it can be operated as a three-phase DC motor.

In Fig. 7(d), the armature coil, 2j G, λ3b
, O- are shown. Armature coil 10α, 10Q
.

10b is armature coil J1. Two l! , it b
This is the result.

In this embodiment, since there is a core, the output torque is increased.The number of magnetic poles of the field magnet rotor is multiplied by λ, and 3
It can be doubled. At this time, the number of salient poles also increases correspondingly.

℃, number of salient poles is 3 for N, S @ pole/set of field magnet
The present invention can also be implemented with any of the well-known DC commutator motor configurations. Other effects are the same as in the example.

Figure 6 (deployment diagram of ri °C, Figure 7 (α) mentioned above,
Seven examples of energization using the circuit (d) will be explained.

When the field magnet rotor /l rotates 3θ degrees in the direction of arrow A, the Hall element //4 enters the magnetic field of magnetic pole, 2<Z e, and the armature coil Ua is energized and magnetized to the N pole. be done.

The field magnet rotor /q is driven in the direction of arrow A by the repulsion and attraction of the magnetic poles /lIα and /gd.

At this time, due to magnetic induction, both magnetic poles isb and isc become south poles, but due to these magnetic poles, the torque is positive,
Since the torque acts as a counter-torque and cancels each other out, there is no problem with starting.

When the Hall element //α comes under the magnetic field of the polarization yoke d, the armature coil ΔQ is energized, so that it is magnetized to the N pole. Therefore, the magnetic rotor is further rotated in the direction of arrow A due to the attraction and repulsion forces of the magnetic poles.

When transistor Jj 5 of FIG. 7<d) is turned non-conducting, the output of logic circuit 72 causes transistor 3!
a, 33b,..., 3; e is the same as in the previous embodiment (conduction control is performed and the motor is driven as a three-phase Y-type motor).

The effects are the same as in the previous embodiment except for the large output.

In the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-3/10 cited in the [Prior Art] section, three salient poles are sequentially excited one by one, so there are the following problems.

That is, this is the same developed view as the developed view shown in FIG. 6(α), so this will be used for explanation.

The salient poles/& 11 are excited, and the field S magnet rotor/
The rotor is driven in the direction of arrow A, and at this time, a magnetic attraction force is also generated, so the rotating shaft and the bearing collide, producing loud mechanical noise during rotation.

There is also a critical point where the same collision noise occurs when the salient poles /sb and /3a are excited. During this collision, if the Ql+ bearing is an oil-less bearing, the shaft pawl hole expands due to the impact, which also increases the impact energy, and this phenomenon is mutually reinforced. The most you can do is 2 to 3 hours. This is a fatal flaw. Furthermore, when the salient pole lS1 is excited to the N pole and is generating output torque, the salient poles 15 b ,
/! ; Both n are excited to the south pole. Therefore, during the subsequent 90 degree rotation, the salient pole is b has an anti-torque.

Salient pole/SP is positive torque, positive at next 90 degree rotation.

The counter torque is reversed. Even if the positive and negative torques cancel each other out, there is the disadvantage of inducing Joule loss and vibration.

According to the device of the present invention, as described above, the above-mentioned drawback exists only for a short period of time at startup, but the drawback is eliminated thereafter. This is because the generation of rotational torque is the same as that of the well-known three-phase Y-type commutator motor.

The developed view shown in Figure 6Cb) shows the field magnet rotor/
This figure shows a developed view of only the magnet rotor for position detection. Fig. 6 (The differences from the above are the magnetic pole depth α, 2 da h, and the magnetic pole rating d.

Review C is that the N and S magnetic poles are reversed.

Therefore, the magnetic pole /'l on the left side of the magnetic pole boundary indicated by the symbol P
G, , 29α becomes the same north pole, and the right side also becomes the same south pole. The situation is exactly the same for the magnetic poles 1, 2, and 2.

Therefore, the magnetic pole /<<α, /</</b>, ... and the magnetic pole evaluation α, 21b.

... can be done in one operation, and the magnetic flux interference between the field magnet rotor and the position detection magnet rotor is minimal.

The above-mentioned situation is exactly the same for the magnet rotation +5°t shown in FIG.

Next, another embodiment for controlling the energization of the armature coil will be described with reference to FIG. 7(b).

The output corresponding to the S and N magnetic poles of the Hall element/11 supplied with power from the positive voltage terminal J/G is the operational amplifier 31G,
31 b becomes a rectangular wave, and this electrical signal
In the time chart of Figure Cb), curves Ba, Hh
It is shown as ℃. The curved line α, p+ b is the fundamental field distribution curve of the S and N magnetic poles that the voice-rule Takako ll↓ faces.

During the output of the terminal q/α, the width of the terminal q/α becomes as shown in FIG.
g is the inverted output of a, and is shown in Figure 7 (phrase curve q6
becomes.

The output of the differentiating circuit 3 is curve 5. This signal pulse is input to the S terminal of the flip-flop circuit (hereinafter referred to as F circuit) %α, the output of the Q terminal becomes high level, and the output of terminal 'I/b also becomes high level.

Inverted output of operational amplifier 3gb (Figure 9(b)
The curve θ1. The differential pulse signal obtained by differentiating the signal Ob) by the differentiating circuit j9b is shown as a curved line in FIG. 9(b).

The signal of the curve 5- is input to the R terminal of the F circuit θα and is inverted, so that the width of the curve 3b is obtained during output from the terminal 'I/b. At the same time, the signal of the curved tacho is input to the S terminal of the F circuit and Qb, so the output of the Q terminal becomes 71 level.

During the output from terminal &/4, the curve Jφ (width 6 phase is the same as the curve Da Sα), and the terminal II/
During output of h, curve 33b becomes curve 531 and curve 5
．． 7 The time gap between b disappears. Next, when the output of the operational amplifier 31G is obtained again, the differential pulse is inputted to the R terminal of the F circuit uo b via the differentiating circuit 3912, and is inverted, and during the output of the terminal u/c, the differential pulse is input to the R terminal of the F circuit uo b. The curve!
rJ e.

song#;! Both sides of r, rc and curved line, 31! , ! ;3
b Which temporal gap is nothing (as explained above,
The outputs of the terminals 9/α, a/b, and pie have the effect of being performed sequentially and continuously.

In order to make the output from each terminal have a width of iao degrees, the widths of the N and S magnetic poles of the position detection magnet rotor may be adjusted.

Terminals J/LL, , 7/b are power supply positive and negative terminals.

Differential circuit 394, J? b, 39/! K requires a capacitor for differentiation, and these capacitors are external components of the IC. In order to avoid this, a well-known rainbow trigger circuit can be used.

The circuit shown in FIG. 7(C) is a differential circuit, 39G, J9b
.

This is a means to reduce the number of external parts when integrated into an IC by using one capacitor for the differentiation of J9e.

Rectangular wave electrical signals 601&, 60b, 60Q are input to the terminals 6/α, A/b, &/l-. Curve 60. is the inverse of curve 60α.

The electrical signals of the curves 60α, 606, 600 via the OR circuit O= are connected to the capacitor 63. Electricity is applied to the resistor 6t, and three differential pulses at the rising edge of the resistor 6t are sequentially obtained. Such differential pulses are processed by AND circuits bsfL, bsb.

This becomes the lower input of tSa. The upper input is terminal 6/1.
61b, A/I! Since this is the input, terminals 66@, 6Ab.

66'', the three differential pulses mentioned above are output separately.

The output of the terminal 66α is connected to the S terminal of the F circuit uo b in FIG.
The purpose is achieved by inputting it to the S terminal of the circuit aOa. That is, only one external capacitor 63 is required.

In the above case, terminals 6/4, 6/h, 4/
The input signal of e is the curve t43 of FIG. 9<b).
The a1 curve is Oa, and the 36 b0 curve is q6.

Since a speed signal is obtained by converting the electric pulses at the terminals AAa, 46b, 64n, . . . into an I)V conversion circuit, constant speed control can be performed by known means.

Next, the circuit of FIG. 7(b) is converted into the electric circuit 7 of FIG. 7(d).
I will explain the effects when used as /.

The terminal in Fig. 7(d), ? θ11, 30 b, ?
06 is the terminal of FIG. 7(b) <Z/4, 4'/b
, da//-.

As mentioned above, the terminal U/α, <7/ b, ta
Since the position detection signals that are the outputs of /c are continuous with each other and no counter-torque occurs, better torque characteristics can be obtained than when using the circuit shown in Figure 7 (L'L). The effect is the same.

Next, a description will be given of FIG. 7. Items with the same symbols as in FIG. 7 (dl) have the same functions, so the explanation will be omitted.

What differs from the previous embodiment is that it utilizes the principle of a bridge servo circuit to obtain a voltage proportional to the rotational speed.

The symbols of the IC shown by the dotted line are j, 2 d, and the IC pins are symbols rgΦ, gs:b, ·11. It has been changed to zazh.

A resistor g9 connected in parallel to a series connection body consisting of a resistor wire connected in series to the control circuit for the armature current of the motor.
α and 9h constitute a bridge circuit.

Armature current when the motor stops (maximum value)
When , the output to operational amplifiers 3 and 7 is zero and when they start rotating, the armature current decreases, so operational amplifiers 3 and 7
The positive output voltage of is increased proportionally.

Therefore, the output to the operational amplifier 3.7 becomes the speed signal.

The external capacitor ♂7 is for smoothing the speed signal mentioned above. The external capacitor g6 has its / pole connected to the positive pole (3/1L) of the power supply via the IC pin lr, and the other pole connected to the IC pin S, that is, the lower end of the resistor 9b and gqe.

The voltage between the IC bin gIg and the positive terminal of the power supply, 3/61, that is, the charging voltage of the capacitor r6, is the resistor 90α, ? It is divided by Ob and becomes an input to one terminal of an operational amplifier 311. The input of one terminal of the operational amplifier 33 is a capacitor t.
It is proportional to the voltage of 6.

At startup, since the output voltage of the operational amplifier JJk is low, the output of the operational amplifier 33A becomes maximum.

A standard voltage for specifying the rotational speed is input to the terminal 7.7n.

Therefore, the output of the operational amplifier 331 becomes high level,
Transistor JSA becomes conductive.

Therefore, the capacitor 6 is rapidly charged and this voltage is applied to the series circuit of the transistor bridge circuit and the resistor gqc, so that the motor is accelerated. As the rotational speed approaches the set value (and the output voltage of the operational amplifiers ?, ?A also decreases, the outputs of the operational amplifiers 3, ?A change to low level, and the transistor 35 becomes non-conductive).

Due to the discharge of the capacitor it, the armature current flows and the voltage across the capacitor 6 drops, so the transristor 33
, h are conductive.

By repeatedly turning on and off the transistor 33 described above,
The voltage across the capacitor g, that is, the voltage applied to the motor corresponds to the load, allowing constant speed control.

Since the transistor 3Sh operates in the saturation region, the Joule loss is small.

The operational amplifiers 3 and 7g need to have hysteresis characteristics.

Capacitor Zabu, resistor 90α 9Qb, $bearing 3,
? Remove the op amp,? ,? If the transistor JJtA is controlled in its active region by the output of A, it becomes a well-known bridge servo circuit, so the present invention can also be implemented by this means.

The constant speed control using the above-mentioned means has large speed fluctuations.

One of the reasons for this is that the back electromotive force changes depending on the temperature characteristics of the field magnet rotor, and the other seven reasons are that the resistance value changes depending on the temperature of the resistance curve 9C and the armature coil.

The former is compensated by a thermistor, and the latter can be completely compensated for by using a thin copper wire for the resistance difference 9e.

Since the 107 pieces shown in Fig. 1 (tL) can drive a three-phase electric motor, the configuration is simplified, the cost is low, and it is smaller than a commutator-brush type electric motor, yet the same It has the characteristics that it can be made at a price of about 100,000 yen, and also has excellent characteristics as a semiconductor motor.

If an I/c% bridge servo circuit is adopted as in this embodiment, in the case of a commutator motor, changes in resistance between the commutator and brushes will cause speed fluctuations, resulting in unstable constant speed control. .

The device of the present invention has the effect of eliminating such drawbacks.

Next, the motor reversing means shown in FIGS. 7<t) and (e) will be explained. Since both methods are the same, the method shown in FIG. 7 will be explained.

The condition for reversal is to add a means to energize the armature coil in the opposite direction under the same magnetic field.

Transistor 3k LL, , Hb, J! ;I
! conducts, the armature coil is energized to the right, and transistors 33 d , 33 e , , 3 ! ; When f is made conductive, current is passed to the left.

Therefore, according to the outputs of terminals 3θa, 3θb, and 30c, transistor 3! Control the bases of rct, 3 left t, and 3s f to make them conductive.

By such means, each armature coil is energized to the left and reversed under the same magnetic field.

At the time of startup, it is necessary to make the transistor 33g inactive and to conduct between the common connection point of the armature coil and the power supply positive terminal 371 for a set time using a separately provided transistor.

For this purpose, operational amplifier 3? The output of transistor J! is switched by an electronic changeover switch (a well-known means using two AND circuits may be used). ;、! It is only necessary to switch the base input of one of the other transistors.

1, when the position detection signal is obtained by the conductive output, that is, by the output of the logic circuit 72, the transistors 3, 3! b
,..., When performing conduction control of 3s f,
Since driving torque can be obtained in both forward and reverse directions, the terminals 72↓, 72b, . . . and the transistor JjTL.

J! There is no need to change the wiring of the base m+ of b, . Figure 4
1 scolding can be made from the Hall element //LLVC housed in a part of 7. /(:'/7 corresponds to IC3, 2, 3kod. The right side of the dotted line R in Fig. 4 (α) becomes the position detection magnet rotor, and the fc
In this case, the lower side of the field magnet rotor Yuko is end-face magnetized as a position detection magnet rotor.

Hall element // Instead of L't, a coil can be used. Next, I will explain about the evening map.

In FIG. 5, an aluminum conductor plate is attached to the right end of the field magnet rotor /q. Details thereof are shown in FIG. 5(b).

The shape shown in the figure is formed by press working, and the step part is 2t.

The widths of α, 26 b , . . . , 26 f are equal to each other in degrees.

The coil // is an air-core winding of 〃turns.

Since the coil /l faces the stepped portion, when the rotor rotates in the direction of the arrow, the eddy current loss changes sequentially. This is because the opposing conductor area changes.

Therefore, the inductance also changes. Danbe, 26α.

Yu6b, 21. The inductance increases stepwise as it faces C.

Coil 7 no/ has the same change in inductance with a ltO degree delay.

For the above purpose, a height difference may be provided instead of the notch.

Figure 0) is applied to the embodiment of Figure 2(b).

FIG. 5 (/-) is a view of FIG. φ (bl) viewed from the direction of arrow S.

On the end face of the field magnet rotor (dot point part), there is a stepped part 2/c and λlb on the aluminum conductor plate.

2//' and steps 2/ d-, 2/ e, 21 f
is attached as shown in the figure. The width of each step is 720 degrees, and the step has coils //, //-/
are facing each other. The coils // and //-/ have variable functions, and each coil is made into a chip component and fixed on the main body substrate.

When rotated in the direction of the arrow, the inductance of the coils //, //-/ changes stepwise.

Next, referring to FIG. 7(J), a means for obtaining a position detection signal from the coils //, //-/ will be explained.

In FIG. 701, the symbol GO is an alternating current oscillator of l-5 megacycles. This output is passed through the coil //, resistor //b, it ty, //d (constituting a bridge circuit).

The output of the bridge circuit described above is smoothed into direct current by a diode and a capacitor, and is input to the operational amplifier 70.

Step portion 26 with the largest opposing area between the coil // and the conductor portion
When facing the resistor, the inductance is the smallest, so the voltage drop across the resistor //b is the thickest.
b, the voltage drop decreases stepwise as it faces λ6/-. From the reference voltage positive terminal 3, resistor 1736L
, ! Since J h , . . . are energized, the operational amplifiers 70α, 70 b, 70'! The input of Ichizu is decreasing step by step.

Coil // is step part uA l? Since the voltage drop across the resistor μ3cL is set to be smaller than the output voltage of the operational amplifier 7h when facing the operational amplifier 7h, the voltage drop across the resistor μ3cL is set to the output cover-by level of the operational amplifier 7QC.

At this time, the output of the operational amplifier 70b is at a low level, so the output of the AND circuit 296 is at a high level.

When the coil // faces the stepped portion 2A b, the operational amplifier 7
Since the output voltage of 0 increases and the output of the operational amplifier 70h changes to high level, the output of the AND circuit 2qb becomes low level.

Since the output of the operational amplifier 70'L is at a low level, the output of the AND circuit sqa is converted to a signal.

When the stepped portion α faces the coil //, the operational amplifier 70α
Since the output of AND circuit 294 becomes high level, the output of AND circuit 294 becomes low level.

When the coil /l faces the stepped portion s6f, the operational amplifier 7'7
The outputs of 0LL and 70b go to low level, and the output of operational amplifier 7Qe goes to noise level, and 1 cycle ends. Step part A4, . Terminals 2a, '12b when the coil // faces 2A A,...
, continuous at 120 degrees during Guco C's high level output,
When the rotor 26 in FIG. 5(b) rotates in the direction of the arrow (clockwise), the above-mentioned position detection signal
-+tt is outputted cyclically.

As understood from the above explanation, the terminal value α y2
b, the output of ta2e is obtained as a position detection signal with a width of 720 degrees adjacent to it, so the output of ta2e is shown in Fig. 7<b>.
It has exactly the same effect as the circuit.

Therefore, the signal 7 of the electric circuit in FIGS. 7(d) and (g)
It can be used in place of the electric circuit shown with /.

The features of this embodiment are as follows.

Hall elements cannot be used at high temperatures and their output signals are small, so they are effective when used in small electric motors.

This is because the Hall element can be extremely miniaturized and can be housed inside an IC. However, motors with large outputs generate high temperatures and high electrical noise, making them difficult to use.

The use of the coil// has the effect of completely eliminating the above-mentioned disadvantages.

This is because the output from the coil l/ does not change much even at high temperatures, and by increasing the output current of the oscillator, a position detection signal with a large output can be obtained.

Figure 7 (ct) coil // (IC biygut, g+f
It is connected to the. ) is an example in which coil // is used as an external member.

Compared to Hall elements, the coil// can be made into a chip component at a low cost, and requires only two wiring terminals, making it an effective technology.

Therefore, even if two coils are used, only three IC bins are required, and a circuit for obtaining a position detection signal using inductive output is not required, resulting in a low-cost IC.

Therefore, the above-mentioned means are also effective techniques.

Next, the details of FIG. 7 σ will be explained.

In FIG. 7(f), those having the same symbols as those in the previous embodiment are the same members, so the explanation thereof will be omitted.

The IC is indicated by the dotted line JU (and the IC pin is indicated by the symbol 3/α,
q2α, 9kob,..., qyu! i, ,,? /
It is shown as b.

The armature coil is symbol 1! r 4 , Δb , , lu
e, which applies to the example of the phrase.

The electric circuit 71α shows the circuit of FIG. 7 (!1), and has the output curves 53a, 5J b, 5.7 /! of the outputs of the terminals +z, lIcob, and t (FIG. 7<b). It becomes a thing corresponding to Ic. ) from K, transistor 334, 3! ;
b 3! ;l! Base control is performed and conduction control is performed. Electric circuit 7/b is exactly the same circuit as FIG. 7 0), except that coil // is replaced by coil //-7.

Coils // and ii-/ are external members.

The output of the electric circuit 7/b is connected to the terminal 112 (L, guco e,
This output is obtained from Hiroko f, and the output is from terminal l121B,
'72 b.

The position detection signal is delayed in phase by /gθ degrees from the output of qsc.

The outputs of terminals 11.2 cL, '12 g, '%cof cause transistors 3s d, 3s g,
, ys f is controlled, so the armature coil, B 4 , x h , ΔC is energized like a general three-phase Y
When the mold is energized, it is driven and rotated with exactly the same characteristics.

One IC bin q2 d and one IC bin 92 f can be used in common.

To reverse the electric motor, use the following means. That is, the outputs of the terminals lIU4, 11.2b and Dako C cause the transistors 3s cL, 3s e,
3s f base control and conduction control, and at the same time, the outputs of terminals 2d, 2t, and 11.2f are used to control the transistor 3! ;4, ? ! ; b, 3! ;
If each base control of e is performed and conduction control is performed, the reverse will occur.

For this purpose, an electronic switching device is required. Terminal t2IZ,
A means for switching the outputs of i b and lI2 ff is shown in FIG. 7(A).

In FIG. 7(h), the outputs of the terminals with the same symbols in FIG. 7(7) are input to the terminal values α, GUKO b, HIROYU CL, and the like.

Terminal q4' LL, Seri, qdaC is transistor di, 3! of σ in FIG. ; The inverting circuit connected to the base of α 33 b and ysc has zero manual power.

Terminals 9, cl, qlIg, and qlIf are connected to transistors 3A; (t.

This is the base input for each of 3s a and 3s f.

When there is a high level input to terminal q5, AND circuit q3
4. De3 h, q, 7 I? Through the terminal da λα
, invasion b, 1I2c input is at terminal 94 (4, , 9'
l b , which is the output of Seri C. This state is the normal rotation mode shown in FIG. 7 σ]. When the input of the terminal 9j becomes low level, the AND circuit qJ cl , q3t , q, ?
Through f, terminals 4ua, lI2b, '1
The inputs of 2e are terminals 91IrL, 911t,
It becomes the output of 911f, and the transistor, 33 d,
33t and 33f are conduction controlled, and the motor is placed in a reverse rotation mode. Terminal value d in Fig. 7(f), g2
6. As for the output of 'Iλf, the energization mode is switched by an electronic changeover switch having exactly the same configuration.

Since the input signal of terminal 9S is common, terminal 95
When the input is at 71 high level, it rotates forward, and when it is at low level, it can be reversed.
It is clear that by adding a constant speed control circuit for the ICK of the embodiment shown in Figure (f) and the constant speed control circuit of Figure 7 (dJ), it is possible to control the electron current corresponding to the load, resulting in constant speed rotation ( 1
Therefore, it is clear that the applied voltage can be controlled in accordance with the unloading, resulting in constant speed rotation. Therefore, the explanation thereof will also be omitted.

Furthermore, as explained with reference to FIG. 7Ce), a well-known bridge servo circuit can be added to the IC circuit of FIG. 7 to perform constant speed control.

The separation angle t between the coils // and //-/ in Figure 5(b) and (6) is 1g0 degrees, but in general expression -(
601.20n) degrees, le is 0. It becomes l, ko,...

〔effect〕

First, since there is only one position detection element, the entire poison IJ control circuit can be integrated into an IC, and the JC can be housed within the motor body.

Second, since the position sensing element can be a coil, a J-phase motor with a large output can be constructed.

Thirdly, when driven by a coil coil serving as a position sensing element,
The circuit that obtains the position detection signal from the induction output can be omitted and the circuit is TI? It is accumulated. The coil is IC as a chip component.
Since it can be externally attached, it is possible to construct a motor with low cost and high productivity. There is also the effect of the second term.

Fourthly, when the electric circuit is converted into an IC, the number of ICs is Vc/piece, so the production cost is almost the same as that of a three-phase commutator motor due to the mass production effect, making it an effective means.

Fifth, when the position sensing element is a coil, when driving a three-phase electric power or machine, if the control circuit is outside the main body,
The line between the position sensing element and the control circuit is simplified.

Sixthly, since the constant speed control circuit performs constant current control or constant voltage control means, the same control IC can be used even if the power supply voltage is changed. Also, power loss during constant speed control is reduced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1C is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of the coreless type device of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the gunnet rotor and fixed armature of the device of Fig. 7, and Fig. 3 is the device of Fig. 1. An exploded view of the magnet rotor and armature coil, Fig. An explanatory diagram of the position detection device when used; FIG. 6 is a developed view of the magnet rotor and armature coil of the device in FIG. 9; and FIG. , Figure 5 is
FIG. 7(d) is a circuit diagram of the block logic circuit 72, and FIG. 9 is a time chart of the position detection signal and output torque of the inventive device, respectively. /...rotor, /α...bearing, co...
・Substrate, 3.79...Cylinder, Da...Mild steel plate 1.
S,t. /It, 2.2...Magui, rotor, Otsu, 1
0Φ, 10b100, ...α, 25b, C・
...'armature coil, de...hole, sa, rb,
..., zaα, gb. ..., na, i da b, ... I review α, review, ... foundation pole, 7... s body plate, // @... Hall element, Kojima 24'L, 2Ab ,..., 2/I
s, 21 b, ... rotor and its stepped portion,
////-/... coil, /'), 3 pieces, 3 pieces d, JJ 6... IC, ts, 23
...armature, no2, i2 a
, /2 b - outer casing, /J
c, /327 a, 2') b, M
a, 3! : b, J,? a, ,? ,?
b, ,7. ? c. ..., 7o, 7oa, 7ob, 7oe
,... operational amplifier. 3! ; 4, JA; b,..., 3s g
, n A ,...transistor, Ju a , 3
1 b, ju n... rectangular wave shaping circuit, 72...
・Logic circuit, ? / , ? / a, ? / b・
...Figure 7 (Electric circuit of R or (phrase or 0), 3/
a, 3/b...power supply positive and negative poles, qo...
Oscillator, rio rL, tio b...flip-flop circuit, 39 G, 3qb, , 7
9 ff... Differential circuit, 3.3 G, , 3.
j b , ..., , 3.3 t , J, 3j'. JJ m, ,7.7 A, j,? A, -・
Operational amplifier, Zaha... Width amplification circuit, DoOα, Zaoh...
... Monostable circuit, 2g... Mismatched circuit, 79G,
79b, l, λ...OR circuit, Guqα, qhirob・
...Magnetic field curve, ttsα, 4Isb, t&, +71
1, <77 b, riOα, left □ b, s3a
, ! ;,3 b, &j e...Position detection signal curve, "+"-differential hash/l/s curve, Il
, g i , +r b , rig/! , II9
α, 99 b, 99 ”...torque curve,
Tada 1゜S squirt, squirt Sl, tata b, look α, squirt, b
, ff7.3 &, ! ;9゜73a, 7Jb
, ? Hiro 1.7 Hirosu, -'73; α, 7j b,
? A a. 74 b, 74 c, ? ? L.L.? ? b
, 77 rr...Generating power (back electromotive force) curve and position detection signal curve.

Claims (8)

[Claims] (1) In a three-phase semiconductor motor, there is a fixed armature equipped with a three-phase armature coil, a rotating shaft rotatably supported by a bearing provided on the fixed armature, and a rotating shaft centered on the rotating shaft. A field magnet rotor with field magnetic poles whose parts are fixed and rotate synchronously and whose magnetic flux penetrates the armature coil to generate driving torque, and a position detection rotor which rotates synchronously with the magnet rotor. The rotor is opposed to the rotating surface of the rotor, detects the rotational position, and has a first
, a second and a third position detection device including one position detection element from which mutually adjacent position detection signals are obtained cyclically, and first and second PNP type position detection devices whose emitters are connected to the positive voltage side of the DC power supply. , the aforementioned three-phase armature coil connected in a Y-shape to a transistor bridge circuit consisting of a third transistor and fourth, fifth, and sixth transistors of NPN type whose emitters are connected to the negative voltage side; When the first, second, and third phase armature coils of the phase armature coils are energized in a predetermined direction, the voltage at both ends is detected, the detected voltage is shaped into a rectangular wave, and the voltage is applied to each phase. An electric circuit that obtains first, second, and third electrical signal trains each having a width of 180 degrees in electrical angle; , a fourth position detection signal having a phase difference of 180 degrees in electrical angle from each other, and a fifth position detection signal having the same width and the same phase difference with a phase difference of 120 degrees in electrical angle from this, and a fifth position detection signal having a phase difference of 120 degrees in electrical angle from this. The first, second, and
A first mode in which the pace of the third transistor is controlled and each transistor is made conductive; or a second mode in which each of the fourth, fifth, and sixth transistors is pace controlled and each transistor is made conductive. In the case of the first energization control circuit and the first mode,
The fourth, fifth, and sixth position detection signals cause the fourth, fifth, and sixth position detection signals to
The pace of the sixth transistor is controlled to make each transistor conductive, and the seventh transistor connected to the negative terminal of the power supply is connected to the common connection point of one end of the armature coil of each phase until the set rotation speed is reached. The armature coil is energized via the transistor, and in the case of the second mode, the pace of the first, second, and third transistors is controlled by the fourth, fifth, and sixth position detection signals. At the same time as each transistor becomes conductive, the common connection point of one end of the armature coil of each phase is connected until the rotation speed increases to the set rotation speed.
A second energization control circuit that energizes the armature coil via a seventh transistor connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, a rotation speed detection circuit, and an output signal of the detection circuit to maintain the set speed and rotate it. A three-phase semiconductor motor characterized by comprising a constant speed control circuit. (2) In the scope of the claims set forth in paragraph (1), the first
, the detection circuit that detects the armature current value from the voltage drop of a resistor connected in series with the second energization control circuit, and the output of the rotation speed detection circuit are input to the - terminal, and the reference voltage is input to the + terminal. an operational amplifier having a hysteresis characteristic in which the output of the operational amplifier is used as a + terminal input, and the output of the armature current detection circuit described above is used as a negative terminal input; and base control is performed by the output of the operational amplifier. and a transistor connected in series to the first and second energization control circuits.
Phase semiconductor motor. (3) In the scope of the claims set forth in paragraph (1), the first
, the output of the second energization control circuit and the parallel circuit of the capacitor, the transistor connected in series to the parallel circuit, the capacitor charging voltage detection circuit, and the rotation speed detection circuit causes the rotation speed to exceed the set value. A three-phase semiconductor motor comprising a constant speed control circuit that makes the above-described transistor non-conductive when the rotational speed is lower than a set rotational speed, and makes the transistor conductive when the rotational speed drops below a set rotational speed. (4) In the scope of the claim set forth in paragraph (1), one integrated circuit including a Hall element serving as a position detection element, first and second energization control circuits, a capacitor, a variable resistor, and an armature coil; A three-phase semiconductor motor characterized by comprising external members such as. (5) In a 3-phase semiconductor motor, a 3-phase armature coil is rotatably supported by a fixed armature made of a silicon steel plate laminate with salient poles attached and a bearing provided on the fixed armature. a rotating shaft, a field magnet rotor whose center portion is fixed to the rotating shaft and rotates synchronously, and whose magnetic flux penetrates the salient poles and the armature coil to generate driving torque; and the magnetic rotor. A conductor rotor that rotates coaxially and synchronously, and a first rotor that faces the rotating surface of the conductor rotor through a gap.
electrical angle from the coil and the coil (60+120n)
degree...n is a positive integer including zero...A second coil separated from the coil, an oscillator that energizes the first and second coils with high-frequency alternating current, and every time the conductor rotor rotates 120 degrees in electrical angle. Then, by sequentially changing the eddy current loss by the first and second coils and detecting the change in inductance of the first coil, a device is used to change the inductance by sequentially changing the eddy current loss by the first and second coils, and detecting the change in the inductance of the first coil. A first position detection signal with a phase difference of
An electrical circuit that obtains a third position detection signal with the same width and the same phase difference with a delay in phase, and a third position detection signal that detects a change in the inductance of the second coil and detects the change in the inductance of the second coil. An electrical circuit that obtains fourth, fifth, and sixth position detection signals of the same nature, each having a phase difference of 180 degrees in electrical angle, and a PNP type first position detection signal whose emitter is connected to the positive voltage side of the DC power supply.
, the aforementioned three-phase armature coil connected in a Y-shape to a transistor bridge circuit consisting of second and third transistors, and fourth, fifth, and sixth transistors of NPN type whose emitters are connected to the negative voltage side. a first energization control circuit that controls the bases of the first, second, and third transistors to make each transistor conductive based on the first, second, and third position detection signals; a second energization control circuit that performs pace control of the fourth, fifth, and sixth transistors to make each transistor conductive based on the fifth and sixth position detection signals, and a rotational speed detection circuit; 3 characterized in that it is comprised of a constant speed control circuit that maintains the set speed and rotates according to the output signal of the detection circuit.
Phase semiconductor motor. (6) In the scope of the claim set forth in paragraph (5), the first
, the detection circuit that detects the armature current value from the voltage drop of a resistor connected in series with the second energization control circuit, and the output of the rotation speed detection circuit are input to the - terminal, and the reference voltage is input to the + terminal. an operational amplifier having a hysteresis characteristic in which the output of the operational amplifier is used as a + terminal input, and the output of the armature current detection circuit described above is used as a negative terminal input; and pace control is performed by the output of the operational amplifier. and a transistor connected in series to the first and second energization control circuits.
Phase semiconductor motor. (7) In the scope of the claim set forth in paragraph (5), the first
, the output of the second energization control circuit and the parallel circuit of the capacitor, the transistor connected in series to the parallel circuit, the capacitor charging voltage detection circuit, and the rotation speed detection circuit causes the rotation speed to exceed the set value. A three-phase semiconductor motor comprising a constant speed control circuit that makes the above-described transistor non-conductive when the rotational speed is lower than a set rotational speed, and makes the transistor conductive when the rotational speed drops below a set rotational speed. (8) In the scope of the claim set forth in paragraph (5), the first
, one integrated circuit including a second energization control circuit;
A three-phase semiconductor motor characterized by comprising external members such as a second coil, a variable resistor, and a capacitor.