JPH01127463A - Automobile capable of climbing stairs - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to climb stairs with a simple structure by cranking a wheel frame so as to secure a wheel attached to this frame at a 90 deg. turn angle position. CONSTITUTION:Front wheels 6 are arranged to be directed perpendicular to the running direction in association with a manipulation of a steering wheel 4. Wheel frames 12 are coupled to both sides of a vehicle body through cranks 11 in its front section and through driven shafts 13 in its rear section. Accordingly, during climbing stairs, the front wheels 6 are directed in a direction perpendicular to the running direction so as to allow the front wheels to make into frictional contact with the upper surface of a stair 20. Then, the crank 11 is rotated, a circular track rotating motion is effected in the front end parts 14 of the cranks 11, and the front wheels similarly carry out a circular track rotating motion. Since the front end parts 14, 14 of the right and left cranks 11 are shifted by an angle of 180 deg. in phase, the right and left wheels 6 advance alternately so as to make into frictional contact with the upper surface of the stair 20, thereby is is possible to allow the vehicle body to climb stairs.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an automobile driven by a power source such as an electric motor, and particularly to an automobile capable of climbing stairs.

[Conventional technology]

Electric vehicles are propelled by a motor driven by a power source such as a battery mounted on the vehicle body, so compared to vehicles driven by an internal combustion engine, they are easier to start and stop, do not require warm-up, and It has various advantages such as not having to worry about exhaust gas, and is highly convenient not only for normal driving but also for driving newspapers, milk deliveries, and cleaning services that require repeated starting and stopping. , various types have been developed in the past.

[Problem that the invention aims to solve]

However, the above-mentioned conventional electric vehicles are designed with the premise of running on flat ground, and when running on slopes,
It was impossible to do anything other than drive on hills, and if the vehicle had to be climbed up stairs, the vehicle had to be parked at the bottom of the stairs and the driver had to walk.

However, as mentioned above, electric cars are often used for delivering newspapers, milk, and cleaning services, and are often used in towns with slopes such as Nagasaki-fu and emerging residential areas on the outskirts of large cities. When driving in an area with many stairs,
Every time I went to my house, which was located at the top of a staircase, I had to walk, which reduced the efficiency of my car.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide an electric vehicle that has a simple configuration and can climb stairs.

[Means for solving problems]

To this end, the automobile of the present invention includes a vehicle body having a power source for rotating the crank in the front portion and a guide groove in the rear portion, and a vehicle body having a power source for rotating the crank located at both sides of the vehicle body and connected to the power source for rotating the crank via the crank. a wheel frame provided on the wheel frame, a front wheel and a rear wheel provided on the wheel frame, a power source for driving on flat ground that drives at least one of the front wheels and the rear wheels, and a follower provided at the rear of the wheel frame that slides in the guide groove. The front wheel is mounted so that the axle can be fixed at a position rotated by 90 degrees, and the wheel frame can be moved forward alternately.

[Action and effect of the invention]

In the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, when an electric vehicle climbs stairs, the steering motor 5 is driven by the driver's operation of the steering wheel 4, and the front wheels 6 are rotated at right angles to the traveling direction. directed towards. As a result, the front wheels 6 and the upper surface of the stairs 20 are frictionally engaged when going up the stairs. Subsequently, when the power source 8 for crank rotation is driven and the crank 11 is rotated,
Circular orbital rotational movement occurs in the tip 14 of the crank 11,
The front wheel 6 performs a circular orbital rotation movement similar to that of the tip 14 while being oriented perpendicular to the running direction.

At this time, the tips 14 and 14' of the left and right cranks 11 are
Since the phases are shifted by 180 degrees, the left and right front wheels 6 alternately move forward and frictionally engage with the upper surface of the stairs 20, so that the electric vehicle can climb the stairs one step at a time.

Note that while climbing stairs, the rear wheel 19 on the side of the wheel frame 12 that is moving forward (for example, the left rear wheel in FIG. 1) rotates forward, and the rear wheel 19 on the side of the wheel frame 12 that is stationary rotates forward. (
For example, the rear wheel on the right side in FIG. 1) has a roller 21 and a rear wheel suspension 2 as shown in FIGS.
2 prevents backward rotation.

Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to ascend and descend stairs with a simple structure, and since the rear wheels are braked, the vehicle body can safely ascend stairs without moving backward.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1st
The figure is a perspective view showing a state in which the electric vehicle capable of going up and down stairs according to the present invention is going up the stairs, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the electric vehicle, and FIG. 3 is a side view of the same.

In FIG. 1, a seat 2 on which a driver sits is provided in the center of a vehicle body 1, and a battery 3 is provided behind the seat 2.
is installed to supply current to drive motors installed in various parts of the vehicle body.

A steering wheel 4 is provided at the front of the seat 2, and by rotating the steering wheel 4, a steering motor 5 is driven, and the direction of the left and right front wheels 6 can be changed.

Further in front of the steering wheel 4, there is a control device t7, a power source a for a crank rotation motor, etc. X8
is provided. The control device 7 controls the steering motor 5, crank rotation power 'a8, level running motor 10, etc. by operating the steering wheel 4, accelerator pedal 9, crank rotation control pedal 9' (Fig. 2), etc. It is used for driving/stopping or accelerating/decelerating.

Further, the crank rotation power source 8 is used to rotationally drive a crank 11 that is especially provided for climbing stairs. Note that the motor 5.8.10 is not limited to an electric motor, but may be a power source such as an engine.

Left and right wheel frames 12 are connected to both sides of the vehicle body 1 via a crank 11 at the front and via a driven shaft 13 at the rear. As shown in the figure, the crank 11 is of a general type having two right-angled parts, the left and right parts are coupled together, and are rotationally driven by the power source 8 for rotating the crank. The tip 14 of the crank 11 is
Due to this rotation, it moves in a circular orbit (like
The left and right cranks 11 are connected such that their tips 14, 14' are out of phase by 180 degrees in the circular orbit. Note that the tip portion 14.14' of the crank 11 is as follows:
It is rotatably supported by a bearing 15 of a wheel frame 12.

Here, when the tip end 14, 14' of the crank 11 rotates in a circular orbit as described above, the front end of the wheel frame 12 also rotates in a circular orbit along with the movement. , the entire wheel frame 12 performs a rocking motion centering on the driven wheel 13.

On the other hand, one end of the driven shaft 13 is slidably supported in a guide groove 17 of a guide member 16 fixedly installed at the rear of the vehicle body 1, and the other end is supported at the rear of the wheel frame 12. It is fixed to a bearing 18 formed at the end. In this way, when the front end of the wheel frame 12 rotates in a circular orbit, the driven shaft 13 at the rear end slides back and forth in the guide groove 17.

This wheel frame 12, which is capable of sliding motion as described above, maintains both the left and right frames parallel to the running ground during normal running on flat ground. That is,
Front wheel 6 and rear wheel 1 supported under both axle frames 12
9 are all located on the same plane, and the vehicle body is supported by the four wheels. The front wheels 6 are rotationally driven by a motor 1O for flat ground running provided at the inner end of the vehicle body of the shaft of the front wheels 6, and the direction of the front wheels is changed by driving and controlling the steering motor 5 to propel the electric vehicle. be done.

Next, when the electric vehicle ascends the stairs, the steering motor 5 is driven by the driver's operation of the steering wheel 4, and the front wheels 6 are directed perpendicularly to the direction of travel. As a result, when ascending the stairs, the front wheels 6 are kept stationary by friction on the surface of the stairs 20 without slipping. Subsequently, the power source 8 for crank rotation is driven, and when the crank 11 is rotated, a circular orbit rotational movement occurs at the tip 14 of the crank 11, and the front wheels 6 remain oriented at right angles to the running direction. It will perform a circular orbital rotation movement similar to that of the tip portion 14 described above. At this time, since the tips 14 and 14' of the left and right cranks 11 are out of phase by 180 degrees, the left and right front wheels 6 alternately move forward, and the front wheels 6 reach the top of the stairs 20 at 1! ! Because electric cars are held still by friction,
You can go up the stairs one step at a time.

At this time, while climbing the stairs, the rear wheel 19 on the side of the wheel frame 12 that is moving forward (for example, the rear wheel on the left side in FIG. 1) rotates forward, and the rear wheel on the side of the wheel frame 12 that is stationary rotates forward. 1
9 (for example, the right rear wheel in Figure 1) is the rear wheel on the right side in Figures 4 and 5.
Backward rotation is prevented by rollers 21 and rear wheel suspension 22 as shown in the figure.

That is, FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of the roller 21 provided at the rear end of the wheel frame 12.

A plurality of rollers 2'1 are provided in parallel at the rear end of the wheel frame 12 as shown in FIG. Inside the roller 21 are a toothed rotating body 23 and a planetary cylindrical member.

A one-way clutch consisting of 24 is provided,
When the roller 21 tries to move in the direction of arrow A as shown in the figure, the planetary cylinder member 24 moves in the forward direction of the teeth 25 of the toothed rotating body 23, so movement in the direction of arrow A is possible. However, when the roller 21 attempts to move clockwise, the planetary cylinder member 24 moves toward the tooth 25 of the toothed rotating body 23.
Since it attempts to move in the opposite direction, it engages with the teeth 25 and is prevented from moving.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing suspension of the rear wheels 19.

(A) is a diagram showing a normal load state, and (B) is a diagram showing a normal load state.
5 is a diagram showing a state where a load is applied to the rear wheel 19. FIG.

The rear wheel suspension sun 22 has a space 26 formed therein, and a spring 27 and a piston 28 are accommodated in the space 26, and the piston 28 is pushed downward by the spring 27.

The upper end of the rear wheel suspension 22 is connected to the wheel frame 12.
The piston 28 in the space 26 is connected to the shaft 29 of the rear wheel 19. Therefore, the rear wheel 19 is held in a downwardly pressed state by the action of the spring 27.

That is, during normal running when no load is applied to the rear wheels 19, the rear wheels 19 and the rollers 21 are maintained at a distance from each other.

Next, when a load is applied to the rear of the vehicle body 1, such as when climbing stairs, the rear wheel suspension 22 is compressed against the pressure of the spring 27, as shown in FIG.
and the rear wheel 19 are brought into contact and frictionally engaged. Here, when the vehicle tries to move forward, the rear wheels 19 try to rotate in the direction of arrow B and the rollers 21 try to rotate in the direction of arrow A, so that the rear wheels 19 do not rotate forward. However, if the vehicle tries to return backwards due to the slope of the stairs, the rear wheels 19 will try to rotate in the opposite direction to arrow B, and the rollers 21 will try to rotate in the opposite direction to arrow A. The one-way clutch in 21 is locked, the rear wheels 19 cannot roll backwards, and the vehicle will not slide down the stairs.

In addition, in the figure, four rollers 21 are provided in parallel, but
The number may be increased or decreased by increasing or decreasing the contact area between the rollers 21 and the rear wheel 19, which is determined by the magnitude of the load.

Furthermore, when descending stairs, the drive mechanism for traveling on flat ground or the drive mechanism for ascending stairs is selected depending on the inclination of the stairs.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various modifications can be made.

For example, in the above embodiment, the motor for running on flat ground is provided on the front wheel, but it may be provided on the rear wheel side, or may be provided on both the front wheel and the rear wheel.

Further, in the above embodiment, a roller and a rear wheel suspension 22 are provided at the rear of the vehicle body frame to prevent the vehicle from moving backward, but a brake mechanism that is linked to a crank is provided so that when one of the vehicle body frames moves forward. , the rear wheel on the opposite side may be braked.

Further, a power source such as an engine may be used as the electric motor, or the front wheels may be manually rotated 90 degrees without using the steering motor 5.

As explained above, according to the present invention, it is possible to go up and down stairs with a simple structure, and since the rear wheels are braked, the vehicle body can safely go up stairs without moving backwards. Can be done.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the stair-climbing electric vehicle of the present invention going up stairs, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the electric vehicle, FIG. 3 is a side view of the same, and FIG. 4 is a wheel frame. Figure 5, which is a cross-sectional view of the roller provided at the rear end, shows the suspension of the rear wheel. FIG. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Vehicle body, 2... Seat, 3... Battery, 4... Steering wheel, 5... Steering motor, 6... Front wheel, 7... Control device, 8... ... Power source for crank rotation, 9... Accelerator pedal, 9'... Petal for crank rotation control, 10
...Motor for flat ground running, 11...Crank, 12.
... Wheel frame, 13 ... Driven shaft, 16 ... Guide member, 17 ... Guide groove, 19 ... Rear wheel, 20 ...
Stairs, 21... Roller, 22... Rear wheel suspension, 23... Toothed rotating body, 24... Planetary cylinder member,
27...Spring. Applicant Aisin Warner Co., Ltd. (1 other person) Representative Patent Attorney Hiroki Shirai (3 others) Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A vehicle body having a power source for crank rotation at the front and a guide groove at the rear, and wheel frames arranged on both sides of the vehicle body and connected to the power source for crank rotation via the crank; comprising a front wheel and a rear wheel provided on the wheel frame, a power source for driving on flat ground that drives at least one of the front wheel and the rear wheel, and a driven shaft provided at the rear of the wheel frame and sliding in the guide groove, The front wheel has its axle at 90
It is mounted so that the axle can be fixed in a rotated position,
An automobile capable of going up and down stairs, characterized in that wheel frames can be moved forward alternately. (2) An automobile capable of going up and down stairs according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear part of the body frame has a built-in one-way clutch and rollers that can come into contact with and separate from the rear wheels.