JPH01126132A - Current-limiting element - Google Patents
Current-limiting elementInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01126132A JPH01126132A JP62247198A JP24719887A JPH01126132A JP H01126132 A JPH01126132 A JP H01126132A JP 62247198 A JP62247198 A JP 62247198A JP 24719887 A JP24719887 A JP 24719887A JP H01126132 A JPH01126132 A JP H01126132A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- current
- superconductor
- short
- limiting
- state
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 28
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000801954 Karana Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N holmium atom Chemical compound [Ho] KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FRNOGLGSGLTDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N thulium atom Chemical compound [Tm] FRNOGLGSGLTDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
- H02H9/023—Current limitation using superconducting elements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は送電系統において発生する線路の短絡電流を抑
制する限流用エレメントに係り、特に高温酸化物ｆｆｉ
電導体と限流用抵抗体とを並列に接続した限流用エレメ
ントに関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a current-limiting element for suppressing line short-circuit current generated in a power transmission system, and in particular to
This invention relates to a current-limiting element in which a conductor and a current-limiting resistor are connected in parallel.
（従来技術の問題点）
短絡事故時に急速に抵抗を系統に投入して限流効果を持
たせるようにした事故電流限流装置なるものがすでに提
案されている。(Problems with the Prior Art) A fault current current limiting device has already been proposed which rapidly introduces a resistor into the system in the event of a short circuit fault to provide a current limiting effect.
これは第７図にあるようにバイパス用遮断器（ＢＳ）に
対し限流用抵抗（ｒ）を並列に接続し、そして−旦短絡
事故が発生した場合にはこの短絡電流をＣＴによって検
出し、そしてバイパス遮断器（ＢＳ）を急速Ｎ極して電
流を抵抗（ｒ）に移行させそれによって同電流を限流し
、その後事故を除去するのに所要の系統内の遮断器（Ｍ
Ｓ）で電流を遮断する装置である。As shown in Fig. 7, a current limiting resistor (r) is connected in parallel to a bypass circuit breaker (BS), and when a short circuit accident occurs, this short circuit current is detected by CT. Then, the bypass circuit breaker (BS) is rapidly N-poled to transfer the current to the resistor (r), thereby limiting the current, and then to the circuit breaker (M) in the system required to eliminate the fault.
S) is a device that cuts off the current.
しかしながら上記の限流装置においては限流抵抗への転
流が難しいこと、転流用のバイパス遮断器を限流用抵抗
に対し並列に設置しなければならないこと等の問題があ
った。However, the above current limiting device has problems such as difficulty in commutation to the current limiting resistor and the necessity to install a bypass circuit breaker for commutation in parallel to the current limiting resistor.
（問題点を解決するための具体的手段）本発明は上記の
問題点を解決するためのもので、送電系統において同系
統に流れる短絡電流を限流エレメントにより限流した後
、系統内に設置した遮断器により遮断するようにしたも
のにおいて、上記限流用エレメトが、短ｍ電流が流れた
場合に超電導体状態がら常電導体状態に変化する高温酸
化物超電導体と同導体に対し並列に接続した限流用抵抗
体とからなることを特徴とする限流用エレメントを提案
するものである。(Specific Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention is intended to solve the above problems.In a power transmission system, after limiting the short circuit current flowing in the same system using a current limiting element, the present invention is installed in the power transmission system. The current limiting element is connected in parallel to a high-temperature oxide superconductor that changes from a superconducting state to a normal conductor state when a short m current flows. The present invention proposes a current-limiting element characterized by comprising a current-limiting resistor.
Ｃ実施例） 以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づき説明する。Example C) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.
０１は、本発明の限流用エレメントであり、送電系統内
つまりは変電所内に設置した遮断器（２）に対し直列に
接続されるもので、同じく変電所内に設置される。Ａ、
αは送電系統において発生した故障点を示す。01 is a current limiting element of the present invention, which is connected in series to a circuit breaker (2) installed within the power transmission system, that is, within a substation, and is also installed within the substation. A,
α indicates a failure point that occurred in the power transmission system.
次に上記の限流層エレメントについて説明する。Next, the above-mentioned current-limiting layer element will be explained.
限流用ニレメン）ｌは酸化物超電導体（３）と同導体（
３）と並列に接続する限流用抵抗体（４）とからな９、
前者の超電導体（３）には臨界温度が液体窒素温度７７
Ｋを越える９０に〜９８にのものが使用され、なかでも
イツトリウム（Ｙ）−バリウム（Ｂａ）−銅（Ｃｕ）（
以下、Ｙ−Ｂａ−Ｃｕ系と言う）の高温酸化物超電導体
が使用に適している。Niremen for current limiting) l is the oxide superconductor (3) and the same conductor (
3) and the current limiting resistor (4) connected in parallel with Karana 9,
The critical temperature for the former superconductor (3) is liquid nitrogen temperature 77
Among them, yttrium (Y)-barium (Ba)-copper (Cu) (
High temperature oxide superconductors of the Y--Ba--Cu type are suitable for use.
上記のＹ Ｂａ−Ｃｕｂのｍ高温酸化物ｍ？！！導体、
は次のようにして作られる。The above Y Ba-Cub m high temperature oxide m? ! ! conductor,
is created as follows.
■まず、イツトリウム（Ｙ２Ｏ２）、バリウム（ＢａＣ
Ｏ２） −ｖｉｌ（Ｃｕｂ）の各材料が１：２：３の重
量比になるように秤量された後仮焼成される。■First, yttrium (Y2O2), barium (BaC
After each material of O2) -vil(Cub) is weighed to have a weight ratio of 1:2:3, it is pre-fired.
ｖｉ焼成には電気炉が使用され大気雰囲気下で行なわれ
る。An electric furnace is used for the VI firing in an atmospheric atmosphere.
つまり、９００〜１０００℃の温度範囲にて８時間焼成
された後それらは３〜４時間かけて室温まで下げられる
。That is, after being fired for 8 hours at a temperature range of 900-1000°C, they are cooled down to room temperature over a period of 3-4 hours.
■このようにしてｖｉ焼戊が終わった混合物は次にボー
ルミル等により粉砕混合されさらにフルイにかけられて
粒度分布の調整が行なわれる。(2) The mixture which has been subjected to vi-burning in this manner is then pulverized and mixed using a ball mill or the like, and then passed through a sieve to adjust the particle size distribution.
■粒度分布調整の終わった混合物は次にプレス磯の金型
に投入され０．５ｔ／ｃ＋ａ２−１．Ｏｔ／ｃａ＋２の
圧力で約１５分間加圧されて円柱状に成形される。■The mixture whose particle size distribution has been adjusted is then put into a press mold of 0.5t/c+a2-1. It is pressurized for about 15 minutes at a pressure of Ot/ca+2 and formed into a cylindrical shape.
０円柱状の成形体は次いで本焼成されて焼結される。The cylindrical molded body is then subjected to main firing and sintered.
本焼成は上記仮焼成と同様な焼成条件にて行なわれるも
ので、電気炉にて大気雰囲気下でもって９００〜１００
０℃の温度範囲にて６時間〜８時間焼成され、さらにそ
れらは３〜４時間かけて室温にまで下げられる。The main firing is carried out under the same firing conditions as the above-mentioned preliminary firing.
They are fired for 6 to 8 hours at a temperature range of 0° C. and then cooled down to room temperature over a period of 3 to 4 hours.
０本焼成された焼結体は最後に熱処理（アニーリング）
される。The fired sintered body is finally heat treated (annealed)
be done.
つまり、電気炉により８００℃〜９００℃の温度範囲に
て、酸素雰囲気下でもって３時間加熱された後、１〜２
時間かけて室温にまで除冷される。In other words, after being heated in an electric furnace at a temperature range of 800°C to 900°C in an oxygen atmosphere for 3 hours,
It is slowly cooled down to room temperature over time.
このような工程を経て作られる高温酸化物超電導体には
上記Ｙ−Ｂａ−Ｃｕ系の他、イツトリウム（Ｙ）に代え
てイッテルビウム（Ｙｂ）、エルビウム（Ｅｒ）、ホル
ミウム（Ｈｏ）、ツリウム（Ｔｍ）、ノスプロシウム（
Ｄｙ）等の稀土類元素を含んだＹｂ−Ｂａ−Ｃｕ系、Ｅ
ｒＢａ−Ｃｕ系、Ｈｏ−Ｂａ−Ｃｕ系、Ｔ＋５−Ｂａ
Ｃｕ系あるいはＤｙ−Ｂａ−Ｃｕ系の高温酸化物超電
導体があるが、これらの超電導体についても限流層エレ
メントとして同様に使用することが可能である。In addition to the above-mentioned Y-Ba-Cu system, the high-temperature oxide superconductor produced through such a process also contains ytterbium (Yb), erbium (Er), holmium (Ho), and thulium (Tm) in place of yttrium (Y). ), Nosprosium (
Yb-Ba-Cu system containing rare earth elements such as Dy), E
rBa-Cu system, Ho-Ba-Cu system, T+5-Ba
There are Cu-based and Dy-Ba-Cu-based high-temperature oxide superconductors, and these superconductors can be similarly used as current-limiting layer elements.
なお、上記超電導体（３）はその形状が円柱状、角柱状
等に成形され、またその断面積やあるいは使用個数は通
電容量つまり定格電流に応じて決定される。The superconductor (3) is formed into a cylindrical or prismatic shape, and its cross-sectional area or the number of superconductors used is determined depending on the current carrying capacity, that is, the rated current.
ｆ：ｌ＆ｓａはＹ Ｂ ａ −Ｃｕ ＄（ｎ高温酸化
物超電導体の温度−抵抗特性であり、該超電導体は臨界
温度９５にで電気抵抗が０となる状態を示す。f:l&sa is the temperature-resistance characteristic of YBa-Cu$(n) high-temperature oxide superconductor, and the superconductor exhibits a state in which the electrical resistance becomes 0 at a critical temperature of 95.
また、第６図は同じく同超電導体の電流−電圧特性であ
り、同電導体がある電流値（臨界電流値）以上となると
超電導体状態から常電導体状態に移行することを示すも
のである。Also, Figure 6 shows the current-voltage characteristics of the same superconductor, which shows that when the current value of the same conductor exceeds a certain current value (critical current value), it transitions from the superconductor state to the normal conductor state. .
次に後者の（４）は上記超電導体（３）と電気的に並列
接続される限流用抵抗体であり、例えば液体窒素温度７
７Ｋにおいては低抵抗（０，４１３Ω）となり、また常
温（３０℃）、つまり短絡電流が流れる転流後の温度上
昇時においては高抵抗（３，５１Ω）となるような抵抗
率の大きい細線化された純鉄線が束ねられて使用される
もので、同様に低温から高温（常温）に変化した場合に
大きな抵抗率を示すタングステン線も使用が可能である
。Next, the latter (4) is a current-limiting resistor that is electrically connected in parallel with the superconductor (3), and for example, the liquid nitrogen temperature is 7.
A thin wire with high resistivity that has a low resistance (0,413Ω) at 7K and a high resistance (3,51Ω) at room temperature (30℃), that is, when the temperature rises after commutation where a short circuit current flows. Tungsten wire, which exhibits high resistivity when changing from low temperature to high temperature (room temperature), can also be used.
なお、上記構成の限流用エレメントｕＪは全体が例えば
第４図にあるような極低温ケーブルの冷却用の液体窒素
（５）中に浸漬して使用されるものでこれによって超電
導体（３）は臨界温度に保持されまた限流用抵抗体（４
）は極低温に冷却される。The current limiting element uJ having the above structure is used by being immersed in liquid nitrogen (5) for cooling cryogenic cables as shown in FIG. The current limiting resistor (4
) is cooled to cryogenic temperatures.
次に限流用エレメントの動作について説明する。Next, the operation of the current limiting element will be explained.
今、限流用ニレメン３ｆｉｌは液体窒素によって冷却さ
れているため、常時は超電導体（３）の電気抵抗がＯと
なり、超電導体にのみ通電している。Currently, the current-limiting Niremen 3fil is cooled with liquid nitrogen, so the electrical resistance of the superconductor (3) is always O, and only the superconductor is energized.
かかる状態において系統故障が発生し短絡電流が流れそ
れがｍ電導体の臨界電流を越えるような場合には超電導
体はそれに伴って超電導状態から常電導状態になって同
導体の抵抗値が増加す°るため短絡電流は超電導体（３
）だけでなく限流用抵抗体（４）にも分流して流れる。In such a state, if a system failure occurs and a short-circuit current flows and exceeds the critical current of the m-conductor, the superconductor changes from a superconducting state to a normal-conducting state and the resistance value of the conductor increases. Therefore, the short-circuit current is
) as well as the current limiting resistor (4).
これにより限流用抵抗体の温度が上昇し同抵抗体の抵抗
値が増加する。つまり全体として限流用エレメントｑ）
は系統故障に対し直列抵抗として作用して短絡電流を限
流することになる。 次いでこの限流状！！！（遮断器
の負担を軽減した状！！りにおいて変電所内の遮断器（
２）が開極し事故を切り離す。This causes the temperature of the current limiting resistor to rise and the resistance value of the resistor to increase. In other words, as a whole, the current limiting element q)
acts as a series resistor against system faults and limits the short-circuit current. Next, this current limit situation! ! ! (The load on the circuit breaker has been reduced!!) The circuit breaker in the substation (
2) opens and isolates the accident.
（発明の効果）
本発明の限流用エレメントは以上の構成からなり、同エ
レメントの超電導体（３）が常時は超電導体状態に保持
されて電気抵抗がＯのため同電導体にのみに流れるが一
旦系統故障により短絡電流が流れた場合にはそれによっ
て臨界状態がくずれ超電導体状態から常電導体状態とな
って抵抗が増加し同電導体だけでなく同導体と並列の限
流用抵抗体にも自動的に分流して流れるようになりでい
る結果、従来の限流装置のようにわざわざ転流用のバイ
パス遮断器を限流用抵抗に対し並列設置する必要がない
ために、限流装置全体が簡略化されると同時に安価に製
作することができる。(Effects of the Invention) The current limiting element of the present invention has the above configuration, and the superconductor (3) of the element is normally maintained in a superconducting state and has an electrical resistance of O, so that the current only flows through the conductor. Once a short-circuit current flows due to a system failure, the critical state collapses and the state changes from a superconductor state to a normal conductor state, and the resistance increases not only in the same conductor but also in the current-limiting resistor in parallel with the same conductor. As a result of the current being automatically divided and flowing, there is no need to take the trouble to install a bypass breaker for commutation in parallel with the current limiting resistor as in conventional current limiting devices, which simplifies the entire current limiting device. It can be manufactured at low cost and at the same time.
＠ｉ図は限流用エレメントの（ｆｉ）正面図、（ｂ）側
面図、第２図は本発明の限流用エレメントを使用した送
電系統図、！＠３図は限流用エレメントの等価回路図、
第４図は限流用エレメントの使用状態図、Ｐｔ５５図は
高温酸化物超電導体の温度−抵抗特性のグラフ、第６図
は同じく高温酸化物ｍ電導体の電流−電圧特性のグラフ
、第７図は従来例における限流装置を設置した送電系統
図@Figure i is (fi) a front view of the current limiting element, (b) a side view, and Figure 2 is a power transmission system diagram using the current limiting element of the present invention. @Figure 3 is the equivalent circuit diagram of the current limiting element,
Fig. 4 is a usage state diagram of the current limiting element, Pt55 is a graph of temperature-resistance characteristics of a high-temperature oxide superconductor, Fig. 6 is a graph of current-voltage characteristics of a high-temperature oxide m conductor, and Fig. 7 This is a power transmission system diagram with a conventional current limiting device installed.
Claims (1)
メントにより限流した後、系統内に設置した遮断器によ
り遮断するようにしたものにおいて、上記限流用エレメ
トが、短絡電流が流れた場合に超電導体状態から常電導
体状態に変化する高温酸化物超電導体と同導体に対し並
列に接続した限流用抵抗体とからなることを特徴とする
限流用エレメントIn a power transmission system in which the short-circuit current flowing in the same system is limited by a current-limiting element and then broken by a circuit breaker installed in the system, the current-limiting element A current-limiting element comprising a high-temperature oxide superconductor that changes from a normal conductor state to a current-limiting resistor connected in parallel to the conductor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62247198A JPH01126132A (en) | 1987-09-30 | 1987-09-30 | Current-limiting element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62247198A JPH01126132A (en) | 1987-09-30 | 1987-09-30 | Current-limiting element |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01126132A true JPH01126132A (en) | 1989-05-18 |
Family
ID=17159907
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62247198A Pending JPH01126132A (en) | 1987-09-30 | 1987-09-30 | Current-limiting element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01126132A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2000070631A3 (en) * | 1999-05-17 | 2001-02-08 | Nkt Res As | A method for overcurrent protection in a superconducting cable |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5740216B2 (en) * | 1979-02-01 | 1982-08-26 | ||
| JPS5856546A (en) * | 1981-09-29 | 1983-04-04 | Fujitsu Ltd | Privacy communicating device |
| JPS6426331A (en) * | 1987-07-20 | 1989-01-27 | Hitachi Ltd | Short-circuit protecting device of superconductive switch |
-
1987
- 1987-09-30 JP JP62247198A patent/JPH01126132A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5740216B2 (en) * | 1979-02-01 | 1982-08-26 | ||
| JPS5856546A (en) * | 1981-09-29 | 1983-04-04 | Fujitsu Ltd | Privacy communicating device |
| JPS6426331A (en) * | 1987-07-20 | 1989-01-27 | Hitachi Ltd | Short-circuit protecting device of superconductive switch |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2000070631A3 (en) * | 1999-05-17 | 2001-02-08 | Nkt Res As | A method for overcurrent protection in a superconducting cable |
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