JPH01114856A - Production of electrophotographic sensitive body - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To elevate the treating efficiency and to improve the adhesion of a base material to a photosensitive layer by treating an electroconductive base material with a treating liquid contg. a silane coupling agent and a fleon solvent. CONSTITUTION:A photosensitive layer is formed after treating an electroconductive base material (A) with a treating liquid contg. a silane coupling agent (B) and a fleon solvent (C). The base material (A) is preferred a base material having an oxide surface, and Al treated to form alumite film is used. Preferred silane coupling agent (B) is an epoxy silane coupling agent, and preferred solvent (C) is fleon having 35-60cal/g latent heat of evaporation. Further, it is preferred to treat the base material (A) with the treating liquid at 35-60 deg.C, then to dry in fleon atmosphere.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an electrophotographic photoreceptor, and more particularly, to an electrophotographic photoreceptor suitable as a photoreceptor used in an image forming apparatus such as a copying machine. Concerning a method of manufacturing a body.

<Prior Art> Conventionally, in image forming apparatuses such as copying machines, various photoreceptors, for example, inorganic photoconductive layers such as selenium or amorphous silicon, electrostatic generating substances, charge transporting substances, etc., are coated on a conductive substrate. An electrophotographic photoreceptor is used in which an organic photoconductive layer or a photosensitive layer consisting of a combination of the above-mentioned inorganic photoconductive layer and an organic photoconductive layer are formed. On the other hand, in an electrophotographic process, steps such as corona charging, toner development, transfer, and cleaning are repeatedly performed, so the photosensitive layer is required to have durability.

However, when a photosensitive layer is directly formed on the conductive substrate, there arises a problem that the adhesion between the conductive substrate and the photosensitive layer is insufficient, the photosensitive layer peels off during use, and the durability is insufficient.

In view of the above points, a photoconductor (Japanese Patent Publication No. 53 Sho.
-43292), a photoreceptor in which a photosensitive layer made of amorphous silicon is formed after treating a conductive base material with a silane coupling agent (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 56-83748)
Also, a photoreceptor in which a charge generation layer containing a silane coupling agent is formed on a conductive substrate (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-18104)
9) has been proposed.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, the above photoreceptor in which the conductive base material is treated with a silane coupling agent uses methanol or the like as a solvent for the treatment liquid containing the silane coupling agent. Therefore, the silane coupling agent is easily hydrolyzed and deactivated before applying the processing solution to the conductive substrate, reducing processing efficiency and ensuring adhesion between the conductive substrate and the photosensitive layer. It is difficult to In addition, in a photoreceptor in which a charge generation layer containing a silane coupling agent is formed on a conductive substrate, in order to increase the adhesion between the conductive substrate and the charge generation layer,
In addition to requiring a large amount of silane coupling agent, the silane coupling agent is consumed by reacting with other materials contained in the charge generation layer, resulting in insufficient adhesion between the conductive substrate and the photosensitive layer. , there is a problem that not only the surface potential and residual potential are high but also the sensitivity is reduced. In addition, in the electrophotographic process whose basic steps include corona charging, development, transfer, and cleaning, electrical or mechanical forces act repeatedly, so if each of the above photoreceptors is used repeatedly, the adhesion may deteriorate due to repeated use. At the same time, carrier injection from the conductive base material becomes insufficient, and the surface potential and
This leads to fogging and a decrease in sensitivity due to an increase in residual potential. Furthermore, after applying the above treatment liquid to the conductive substrate,
When the solvent in the processing liquid such as methanol evaporates,
Water droplets adhere to the conductive substrate and leave drip-like marks.
There is a problem in that it is difficult to form a homogeneous photosensitive layer.

<Purpose of the Invention> The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and improves processing efficiency without hydrolyzing the silane coupling agent, and provides excellent adhesion between the conductive base material and the photosensitive layer. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an electrophotographic photoreceptor that is homogeneous without dripping marks, has stable electrical characteristics and photosensitive characteristics even after repeated use, and has excellent durability.

Means and operation for solving the above problems> In order to achieve the above object, the method for manufacturing an electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention includes the following steps:
In a method for manufacturing a photoreceptor by treating a conductive base material with a silane coupling agent and then forming a photosensitive layer, the conductive base material is treated with a treatment liquid containing a silane coupling agent and a fluorocarbon solvent. The present invention is characterized by treating the conductive base material.

According to the method for manufacturing an electrophotographic photoreceptor having the above configuration, since a processing liquid containing a silane coupling agent and a fluorocarbon solvent is used, the stability of the silane coupling agent in the processing liquid can be increased, and the silane coupling agent is Deactivation of the ring agent can be prevented. In addition, since the conductive substrate is treated with the above processing solution, the adhesion between the conductive substrate and the photosensitive layer is excellent, and even after repeated use, there is no increase in surface potential, residual potential, or decrease in sensitivity for electrophotography. A photoreceptor is obtained. Furthermore, since the solvent in the processing liquid is a chlorofluorocarbon solvent, water droplets do not adhere to the conductive substrate during volatilization of the fluorocarbon solvent and leave drip-like marks, thereby forming a homogeneous photosensitive layer.

The present invention will be explained in detail below.

The method for producing an electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention includes the steps of treating a conductive base material with a treatment liquid containing a silane coupling agent and a fluorocarbon solvent, and exposing the conductive base material treated with the silane coupling agent to a photoreceptor. It consists of a step of forming a layer.

The conductive base material may be in the form of a conductive sheet or drum, and may be made of various conductive materials such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper,
Alone metals such as tin, platinum, gold, silver, nadium, molybdenum, chromium, cadmium, titanium, nickel, palladium, indium, stainless steel, brass, etc., or the above metals, indium oxide, tin oxide, etc. by means such as vapor deposition. Examples include plastic materials and glass on which layers are formed. Among the above-mentioned conductive base materials, those having an oxide surface, such as base materials on which an oxide layer such as indium oxide or tin oxide is formed, in particular, alumite, in order to enhance the treatment effect with the silane force and bubbling agent Treated aluminum is preferred.

Further, as a treatment liquid for treating the conductive substrate, a treatment liquid containing a silane coupling agent and a fluorocarbon solvent is used.

The above-mentioned silane coupling agent is appropriately selected depending on the conductive base material, the type of material used in the photosensitive layer, etc.
For example, vinylsilanes such as trichlorovinylsilane, trimethoxyvinylsilane, triethoxyvinylsilane, tri(2-methoxyethoxy)vinylsilane, 3-acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, acryloxysilane or methacryloxysilane. ; Aminosilanes such as 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-2-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-ureidopropyltriethoxysilane; 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane, trimethoxy-3-mercaptopropylsilane chlorosilane or mercaptosilane; 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyltrimethoxysilane, 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyltriethoxysilane, 3-(2
Examples include epoxysilanes such as 3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane and 3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltriethoxysilane. One or more types of the above silane coupling agents may be used. Among the above-mentioned silane force/knobling agents, epoxy-based silane coupling agents are preferred because they have excellent adhesion between the conductive substrate and the photosensitive layer.

In addition, as a Freon solvent, trichloromonofluoromethane, dichlorodifluoromethane, monochlorotrifluoromethane, monopromotrifluoromethane, trifluoromethane, tetrafluoromethane, dichloromonofluoromethane, monochlorodifluoromethane, trifluoromethane, trichlorotrifluoroethane, dichlorofluorocarbon Examples include tetrafluoroethane, monochloropentafluoroethane, hexafluoroethane, and perfluorohexane. The above-mentioned fluorocarbon solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Appropriate fluorocarbon solvents can be used depending on the atmospheric temperature during coating and drying, but
In order to prevent water droplets from adhering during volatilization of the fluorocarbon solvent, one having a latent heat of vaporization of 35 to 60 cal/g is preferable.

The above-mentioned fluorocarbon solvent is inert to the silane coupling agent, and the silane coupling agent stably exists in the treatment liquid and does not become deactivated.

Therefore, the active ingredients in the treatment liquid do not decrease, and the treatment efficiency can be improved by using the active silane coupling agent. Furthermore, since the solvent in the processing liquid is a chlorofluorocarbon solvent, water droplets do not adhere to the fluorocarbon solvent during volatilization and leave drip-like traces, making it possible to form a homogeneous photosensitive layer.

In addition, the silane coupling agent can be used in an appropriate amount depending on the type of conductive substrate in the above treatment liquid, but usually 0.
．． 01-10% by weight is used.

Then, the conductive substrate is treated with the treatment liquid and dried.

The treatment conditions using the above-mentioned treatment liquid are not particularly limited, and the treatment can be carried out under any suitable conditions, but it is preferable to treat the conductive substrate with a treatment liquid at a temperature of 35 to 60°C. If the temperature of the treatment liquid is less than 35°C, the treatment efficiency will decrease, and if it exceeds 60°C, the workability will decrease.

Note that the above treatment may be performed depending on the shape of the conductive base material, etc.
Conventional coating methods such as dip coating, spray coating, spin coating,
Roller coating, blade coating, curtain coating, bar coating methods, etc. are used.

When using the dip coating method, it may be immersed in the above treatment liquid for a predetermined period of time. Further, when using another coating method, the heated treatment liquid may be coated, and after coating, it may be heated to the predetermined temperature.

In addition, the treatment liquid can be dried at an appropriate temperature depending on the type of fluorocarbon solvent used, but in order to increase drying efficiency, it is recommended to dry the treatment liquid at a temperature of about 30 to 70°C, especially around 50°C. is preferred.

Further, the above drying step can be carried out in an appropriate atmosphere such as the air, but in order to further prevent the adhesion of water droplets, it is preferable to dry in a fluorocarbon atmosphere.

The treated layer formed by the above treatment process can be formed to have an appropriate thickness, and is usually formed to have a thickness of 1 μm or less, preferably 0.5 μm or less.

Next, a photosensitive layer is formed on the conductive substrate treated with the silane coupling agent.

The photosensitive layer may be an inorganic photoconductive layer, an organic photoconductive layer, or a composite photoconductive layer consisting of a combination of the inorganic photoconductive layer and the organic photoconductive layer.

More specifically, examples of the material constituting the inorganic photoconductive layer include inorganic photoconductive substances such as selenium, selenium-tellurium, selenium-arsenic, cadmium sulfide, and amorphous silicon. The inorganic photoconductive layer comprises the above-mentioned inorganic photoconductive substance,
It can be formed by attaching it to a treated conductive substrate by a method such as vapor deposition, sputtering, or ion blasting.

In addition, the organic photoconductive layer may include a charge generating substance, a charge transporting substance,
Composed of binder resin and other materials. Examples of the charge generating substances include selenium, selenium-tellurium, amorphous silicon, pyrylium salts, azo compounds, disazo compounds, trisazo compounds, anthanthrone compounds, dibenzpyrenequinone compounds, phthalocyanine compounds, and indigo compounds. Examples include triphenylmethane compounds, threne compounds, toluidine compounds, pyrazoline compounds, perylene compounds, and quinacridone compounds. These charge generating substances may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Examples of the charge transport substance include electron-accepting substances having an electron-accepting group such as a nitro group, a nitroso group, and a cyano group, such as fluorenone compounds such as tetracyanoethylene and 2°4.7-dolinitro-9-fluorenone; Nitrated compounds such as dinitroanthracene, 2°4.8-trinidrothioxanthone; electron donating substances such as N, N
-Diethylaminobenzaldehyde N,N-diphenylhydrazone, N-methyl-3-carbazolylaldehyde N,N-diphenylhydrazone and other hydrazone compounds, 2.5-di(4-N,N-dimethylaminophenyl)-1 ,3,4-oxadiazole,2,5-di(4
-N,N-diethylaminophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole and other oxadiazole compounds, 9-(
Styryl compounds such as 4-diethylaminostyryl) anthracene, carbazole compounds such as N-ethylcarbazole, 1-phenyl-3-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)pyrazoline, 1-phenyl=3-(4-dimethylaminostyryl) -5-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)pyrazoline, 1-phenyl-3-(4-diethylaminostyryl)-5-(4-diethylaminophenyl)pyrazoline and other pyrazoline compounds, 2-(4-diethylaminophenyl) -4 Oxazole compounds such as -(4-dimethylaminophenyl)-5-(2-chlorophenyl)oxazole, isoxazole compounds, thiazole compounds such as 2-(4-diethylaminostyryl)-6-dinithylaminobenzothiazole, Amine derivatives such as triphenylamine, 4,4'-bis[N-(3-methylphenyl)-N-phenylaminocobiphenyl, stilbene compounds, thiadiazole compounds, imidazole compounds, pyrazole compounds, indole compounds , nitrogen-containing cyclic compounds such as triazole compounds, fused polycyclic compounds such as anthracene, pyrene, and phenanthrene, poly-N-vinylcarbazole, polyvinylpyrene, polyvinylanthracene, and ethylcarbazole-formaldehyde resin. One or more kinds of the above charge transport materials may be used.

Various binder resins can be used, such as styrene polymers, styrene-butadiene copolymers, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers, styrene-maleic acid copolymers, acrylic polymers, and styrene-acrylic copolymers. Copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyester, alkyd resin, polyamide, polyurethane, acrylic modified urethane resin, epoxy resin, polycarbonate, polyarylate, polysulfone, diallyl Examples include various polymers such as phthalate resin, silicone resin, ketone resin, polyvinyl butyral resin, polyether resin, and phenol resin. Furthermore, photocurable resins such as epoxy acrylate and urethane acrylate can also be used. Furthermore, a photoconductive polymer as the charge transport material,
For example, poly-N-vinylcarbazole or the like may be used as the binder resin.

In addition, other materials include various additives such as terphenyl, halonaphthoquinones, acenaphthylene, and conventionally known deterioration inhibitors such as sensitizers, plasticizers, antioxidants, and ultraviolet absorbers. .

The organic photoconductive layer may be a single-layer photosensitive layer containing the charge generating substance, a charge transporting substance, a binder resin, etc., or a charge generating layer containing at least a charge generating substance, a charge transporting layer, a binder resin, etc. It may be any functionally separated photosensitive layer laminated with a charge transport layer containing.

The proportions of the charge generating substance, the charge transporting substance, and the binder resin in the single-layer photosensitive layer can be appropriately selected depending on the desired characteristics of the organic photoreceptor. 2 to 25 parts by weight of charge generating material, preferably 5 to 10 parts by weight, and 25 to 25 parts by weight of charge transporting material based on parts by weight.
250 parts by weight are used, preferably 50-150 parts by weight. If the amount of the charge-generating substance and the charge-transporting substance used is less than the above-mentioned amount, not only the sensitivity of the photoreceptor will not be sufficient, but also the residual potential will become large. Moreover, when the above range is exceeded, the surface potential of the photoreceptor decreases. Further, the single-layer type photosensitive layer may have an appropriate thickness, but 3 to 50 μm, particularly 5 to 35 μm.
It is preferable to have a thickness of .

Further, the charge generation layer in the functionally separated photosensitive layer may be formed using the charge generation substance by vapor deposition, sputtering, or the like. In addition, when the charge generation layer is formed using a binder resin or the like, the ratio of the charge generation substance to the binder resin can be set as appropriate;
5 to 5000 parts by weight of a charge generating substance per 00 parts by weight;
In particular, it is preferable to use 10 to 2,500 parts by weight. If the amount of the charge-generating substance is less than 5 parts by weight, the charge-generating ability will be low;
If it exceeds 5,000 parts by weight, there are problems such as a decrease in the adhesion of the photosensitive layer. The charge generation layer may have an appropriate thickness, but is 0.01 to 30 μm, particularly 0.1 to 20 μm.
It is preferable to have a thickness on the order of μm.

In addition, when forming a charge transport layer in a functionally separated photosensitive layer, the ratio of charge transport material to binder resin can be set as appropriate; Preference is given to using 500 parts by weight, especially 25 to 200 parts by weight. If the amount of the charge transport material is less than 10 parts by weight, the charge transport ability will not be sufficient, and if it exceeds 500 parts by weight, the mechanical strength etc. of the charge transport layer will be reduced. The charge transport layer may have an appropriate thickness, but may have a thickness of 2 to 10
It is preferable to have a thickness of about 0 μm, especially about 5 to 30 μm.

Further, as a composite photosensitive layer consisting of a combination of the above-mentioned inorganic photoconductive layer and organic photoconductive layer, a charge transport layer containing the above-mentioned charge transport substance is formed on the photoconductive layer consisting of the above-mentioned inorganic photoconductive substance. Examples include a photosensitive layer of the structure.

The organic photoconductive layer is prepared by preparing a charge-generating layer coating solution containing a charge-generating substance, a binder resin, etc., and a charge-transporting layer coating solution containing a charge-transporting substance, a binder resin, etc., respectively. It can be manufactured by applying the silane coupling agent to a conductive substrate treated with the silane coupling agent and drying it.

When preparing the above-mentioned coating solution, an appropriate organic solvent is used depending on the type of binder resin, etc. Examples of the organic solvent include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as n-hexane, octane, and cyclohexane; Aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, dichloromethane, dichloroethane,
Halogenated hydrocarbons such as carbon tetrachloride and chlorobenzene,
Various solvents such as ethers such as dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and ethylene glycol diethyl ether, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and cyclohexanone, esters such as ethyl acetate and methyl acetate, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, etc. These are exemplified and used singly or in combination of two or more. The coating liquid may contain a surfactant, a leveling agent, etc. in order to improve the dispersibility of the charge generating substance, coatability, etc.

The above coating liquid can be prepared using conventional mixing and dispersion methods such as a mixer, ball mill, paint shaker, sand mill, attritor, ultrasonic disperser, etc. When applying the obtained coating liquid, Conventional coating methods such as dip coating, spray coating, spin coating, roller coating, blade coating, curtain coating, bar coating, etc. are employed.

In the electrophotographic photoreceptor formed as described above, a surface protective layer may be formed on the photosensitive layer in order to protect the photosensitive layer. The surface protective layer is usually made of the various binder resins or a mixed solution of the binder resin and additives such as anti-deterioration agents to a film thickness of 0.1 to 10 μm after drying, preferably 0.1 μm to 10 μm.
It is formed by coating to a thickness of about 2 to 5 μm.

As mentioned above, since the photosensitive layer is formed after the conductive substrate is treated with a highly active silane coupling agent without being deactivated by hydrolysis, the adhesion between the conductive substrate and the photosensitive layer is improved. A photoreceptor with excellent durability can be manufactured. Further, as described above, since there is no adhesion of water droplets and no dripping occurs, it is possible to obtain an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a homogeneous photosensitive layer with excellent charging characteristics, photosensitive characteristics, etc. Therefore, the method for manufacturing an electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention includes a copying machine,
It is useful in manufacturing photoreceptors such as laser printers.

<Examples> The present invention will be described in more detail below based on Examples.

Example 1 As a treatment liquid, a chlorofluorocarbon solvent containing 2% by weight of a silane coupling agent (manufactured by Japan Yujiriki Co., Ltd., trade name A-187) was used.
Using an alumite-treated aluminum drum (diameter 78 mm, length 230 mm, thickness 1.5 nvn) using Freon R113 (trade name, manufactured by DuPont), the treatment solution was applied to
immersed for minutes, dried in the above-mentioned chlorofluorocarbon atmosphere at 50°C,
The aluminum drum was treated.

Polyester (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., product name Byron 200) 1
00 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight of metal-free phthalocyanine,
N-'Methyl-3-carbazolyl aldehyde N,N-
75 parts by weight of diphenylhydrazone and 500 parts by weight of tetrahydrofuran were placed in a ball mill and mixed and dispersed for 8 hours to prepare a dispersion liquid for a single-layer type photosensitive layer.

Then, the dispersion liquid for the photosensitive layer was applied onto the aluminum drum treated with a silane coupling agent.
A film thickness of approximately 15μ can be obtained by drying at a temperature of 0℃ for 1 hour.
An electrophotographic photoreceptor having a photosensitive layer of Otori was prepared.

Example 2 An aluminum drum was treated in the same manner as in Example 1 using the treatment solution of Example 1 that had been left at room temperature for 10 days, and the photosensitive layer coating solution of Example 1 was applied.
It was dried to produce an electrophotographic photoreceptor.

Example 3 Silane coupling agent (manufactured by Nippon Unica Co., Ltd., trade name A-1)
100) in the same manner as in Example 1 above, and treated an alumite-treated aluminum drum with the obtained treatment liquid in the same manner as in Example 1. The photosensitive layer dispersion was applied and dried to produce an electrophotographic photoreceptor.

Example 4 A treatment liquid was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, using a Freon solvent (manufactured by DuPont, trade name Freon T-WD602) in place of the Freon solvent in Example 1. After treating an alumite-treated aluminum drum in the same manner as in Example 1, the photosensitive layer dispersion of Example 1 was applied and dried to produce an electrophotographic photoreceptor.

Comparative Example 1 A treatment liquid was prepared using methanol instead of the chlorofluorocarbon solvent in Example 1, and an aluminum drum subjected to alumite treatment was treated with the treatment liquid in the same manner as in Example 1. The photosensitive layer dispersion was applied and dried to prepare an electrophotographic photoreceptor.

Comparative Example 2 The treatment liquid prepared in Comparative Example 1 was left at room temperature for 10 days in the same manner as in Example 2, and then an aluminum drum that had been alumite-treated was treated with the treatment liquid in the same manner as in Example 1. The photosensitive layer dispersion of Example 1 was applied and dried to produce an electrophotographic photoreceptor.

Comparative Example 3 Example 1 was added to the single-layer photosensitive layer coating solution prepared in Example 1 so that the amount of the resin was 1% by weight based on the amount of resin in the coating solution.
The silane coupling agent used in step 1 was added and mixed to prepare a single-layer type photosensitive layer coating solution containing the silane coupling agent. Further, without treating the aluminum drum of Example 1 with the treatment liquid, the photosensitive layer coating liquid was applied to the aluminum drum and dried to produce an electrophotographic photoreceptor in the same manner as in Example 1.

The characteristics of the electrophotographic photoreceptors obtained in each of the Examples and Comparative Examples were investigated as follows.

Charging characteristics, photosensitive characteristics, and fog In order to investigate the charging characteristics and photosensitivity characteristics of the electrophotographic photoreceptor described above, an electrostatic copying paper tester (manufactured by Kawaguchi Denki Co., Ltd., 5P-42) was used.
The electrophotographic photoreceptors of each of the Examples and Comparative Examples were positively charged by performing corona discharge under the conditions of +6.0 KV (7). In addition, the surface potential Vs, p, (V) of each photoconductor was determined, and exposure was performed using a tungsten lamp with an illuminance of 10 lux until the surface potential Vs, p became 1/2. From the time, the half-decreased exposure ffi E 1/2 (Lux, ·see,) was determined.

In addition, each of the above photoconductors was used in a copying machine (manufactured by Sanda Kogyo Co., Ltd., DC-1).
After making 20,000 copies, the charging characteristics and photosensitive characteristics of the photoreceptor were examined in the same manner as above.

In addition, the original image formed using the above-mentioned copying machine and the 2
The degree of fog in the image after 0,000 copies was visually judged, and those with no fog were classified as 01, and those with some fog were classified as Δ.
, those with a large amount of fog were evaluated as ×.

Adhesion In the photosensitive layer of each photoreceptor obtained in each example and comparative example,
After forming 25 base stitches and adhering cellophane tape, peel off the tape and count the number of remaining base stitches,
It is shown as x/25.

Dripping marks When treated with the above silane coupling agent, water droplets adhere to the aluminum plate that is the base material, visually inspecting whether there are any dripping marks or not. Some items were rated as ×.

The results of the photosensitive characteristics, adhesion, etc. of each electrophotographic photoreceptor obtained in the above Examples and Comparative Examples are shown in the table.

(Hereinafter, blank space) As is clear from the table, the photoreceptors of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 leave traces of liquid dripping, and when an aluminum drum is treated with a treatment solution containing methanol at the initial stage of preparation, adhesion is not sufficient. If instead, the aluminum drum is treated with a treatment solution that has been stored for a predetermined period of time, the adhesion between the aluminum drum and the photosensitive layer will be significantly reduced.

Note that when the treatment liquid containing methanol was observed after being stored for 10 days, it was found that the treatment liquid had become cloudy, indicating that the storage stability of the treatment liquid was poor. Further, the photoreceptor of Comparative Example 3 containing a silane coupling agent in the photosensitive layer not only has an excessively high surface potential but also has a significantly reduced sensitivity. Furthermore, it was found that when the photoreceptors of the comparative examples above were used repeatedly, the sensitivity and adhesion decreased and fog increased.

On the other hand, the photoreceptors of Examples showed no traces of liquid dripping (no fogging even after repeated use, no reduction in adhesion between the substrate and the photosensitive layer, and no reduction in sensitivity, etc.). It turned out to be less.

After 20,000 copies were made, the condition of each of the photoreceptors of the above Examples and Comparative Examples was observed, and it was found that in the photoreceptor of Comparative Example 2, the photosensitive layer had partially peeled off from the aluminum drum. Furthermore, in the images formed using the photoreceptors of Comparative Examples 1 and 3 after 20,000 copies were made,
White streak-like image unevenness occurred in halftone image areas.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the method for manufacturing an electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention, after treating a conductive base material with a treatment liquid containing a silane coupling agent and a fluorocarbon solvent, the photosensitive layer is form. As a result, it increases processing efficiency, has excellent adhesion between the conductive substrate and the photosensitive layer, and has excellent durability with no dripping marks and stable electrical and photosensitive properties even after long-term use. It has the unique effect of being able to manufacture electrophotographic photoreceptors.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. After treating the conductive base material with a silane coupling agent,
A method for manufacturing a photoreceptor by forming a photosensitive layer, the method comprising treating the conductive base material with a treatment liquid containing a silane coupling agent and a fluorocarbon solvent. . 2. The method for producing an electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1, wherein the conductive substrate has an oxide surface. 3. The method for producing an electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1, wherein the silane coupling agent is an epoxy-based silane coupling agent. 4. The method for manufacturing an electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1, wherein the conductive substrate is treated with a treatment liquid at a temperature of 35 to 60°C. 5. The method for producing an electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1, wherein the fluorocarbon solvent has a latent heat of vaporization of 35 to 60 cal/g. 6. The method for producing an electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1, wherein the conductive substrate is treated with a treatment liquid and then dried in a fluorocarbon atmosphere.