JPH01107860A - Injection nozzle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve vibration efficiency by tightly sticking an electrostrictive (magnetostrictive) material to an annular vibrating body for forming a nozzle, providing a high-frequency (polyphase AC) electric source having a phase difference for exciting it and generating ultrasonic traveling waves in the vibrating body. CONSTITUTION:An annular vibrating body 1 forms the tip part of a nozzle. Further an electrostrictive material 3 which is polarized in the thickness direction is tightly stuck to the bottom part of the vibrating body 1 and electrodes are arranged so that positive and negative electric fields can be alternately impressed in series and connected with high-frequency electric sources E1, E2. E1 and E2 timely have a phase difference of 90 deg. and two-set electrode groups are positionally deviated at 90 deg. and arranged. In this constitution, when alternately impressing positive and negative AC electric fields in series, standing wave vibration correspondent to the frequency of the electric fields is generated. The standing waves are positionally deviated at 90 deg. and timely have the phase difference of 90 deg. and therefore two traveling waves are overlapped and thereby traveling waves turning an annulus ring are generated. In the vibrating body 1, Such movement that waves are traveled so as to turn the annulus ring is performed by the traveling waves. Therefor liquid passed through the vibrating body 1 is energized with turning force due to ultrasonic traveling waves and rotatably injected through an injection port 1a.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a nozzle for cleaning by spraying fluid, a machining fluid spray supply nozzle, a cooling fluid spray nozzle, and the like.

[Prior art and problems]

Conventionally, for the injection supply of machining fluid in electrical discharge machines, an ultrasonic sensor was installed in the machining fluid storage tank at the base end of the nozzle, and the ultrasonic waves from the sensor were propagated into the machining fluid and then injected into the nozzle. However, it has the drawback that the ultrasonic imaging force is attenuated while flowing through the nozzle, and the vibration effect due to standing wave vibration is low, and the microscopic vibration between the electrode and the workpiece is There was a drawback that it was difficult to supply a sufficient amount of machining liquid to the machining gap.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention was invented in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, and includes a ring-shaped vibrating body forming a nozzle body or a part thereof, and an electrostrictive material or magnetostrictive material fixed to the side or bottom surface of the vibrating body. and providing a high frequency power source or a multiphase AC power source having a phase difference that excites the electrostrictive material or magnetostrictive material,
The present invention is characterized in that the annular vibrating body generates an ultrasonic traveling wave.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be explained below with reference to an embodiment of the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the nozzle of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a bottom view thereof. Reference numeral 1 denotes an umbrella-shaped annular vibrating body with a tapered tip, which forms the tip of the nozzle. A large number of notches 1a are formed vertically and vertically along the circumference of the vibrating body 1 to soften the vibrating body itself and increase the amplitude of the vibrating body. Also, since the annular tip 1b of the vibrating body forms a nozzle injection port,
A coating 112 made of synthetic resin or the like is formed on the outer periphery of the vibrating body 1 to prevent fluid from leaking from the notch 1a.

Figure 2 is a bottom view of the vibrating body. An electrostrictive material 3 fixed to the vibrating body and polarized in the thickness direction is provided, and electrodes are arranged so that positive and negative electric fields can be applied alternately in line as shown in the figure. Then, connect high frequency power source E+ and El.

El and El have a temporal phase difference of 90'', and El
The two sets of electrode groups excited by El and El are positioned at 90
°It is placed out of alignment.

When an electric field is applied to the electrostrictive material 3, it has the property of expanding in the thickness direction when the direction of the electric field is the same as the polarization direction, and shrinking when the direction is opposite to the polarization direction. Therefore, by arranging the electrodes as shown in the figure and applying positive and negative alternating current electric fields alternately, standing wave vibrations will be generated depending on the frequency of the electric field. The standing waves generated by the high frequency power sources E1 and El are arranged to be shifted by 90' in position, and since El and El have a phase difference of 90° in time, these two standing waves overlap and go around the ring. Occurs as a traveling wave.

The amplitude of the traveling wave moves, and the annular vibrating body 1 bends and vibrates due to the traveling wave, and performs a motion in which the wave travels around the ring. A large number of notches 1a are formed in the vibrating body 1 to make it soft, and the amplitude in the vertical direction and the circumferential direction is expanded.

This vibrating body 1 forms a nozzle tip, and is supplied through a pipe 4 from a fluid supply pump (not shown). The fluid is
When passing through the vibrating body 1, the fluid is applied with a rotational force by the ultrasonic traveling wave, and the fluid ejected from the injection port 1a rotates and is ejected. The propagation effect of this ultrasonic traveling wave acts on the fluid just before it is ejected from the nozzle, so it acts with extremely high efficiency.

For example, if this is used for machining fluid injection in electrical discharge machining equipment,
The jet liquid rotates in a spiral shape due to the jetting force and rotational force, increasing the flow rate into the micro machining gap where the electrode and the workpiece face each other, and into the machining groove, improving the gap cleaning effect and cooling effect. Stable electrical discharge machining increases machining speed. Furthermore, the cleaning and cooling effect of the wire electrode during wire cutting prevents wire breakage, allowing stable and efficient electrical discharge machining to continue. Furthermore, since the cleaning nozzle for the surface rotates and sprays in a spiral pattern, it is highly effective in removing dirt, improving the cleaning effect, and cleaning can be carried out efficiently.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which an electrostrictive material 6 is fixed to the outer wall surface of a vibrating body nozzle 5. Elements polarized in the direction of the arrow in the figure are arranged in the electrostrictive material, and adjacent High frequency power sources E1 and El are connected alternately to the elements. By using power sources having a temporal phase difference of 90 degrees, El and El generate two standing waves, and a traveling wave is generated by combining them.

The traveling wave generated in the vibrating body 5 is a bending vibration whose amplitude changes in the direction of the inner diameter of the annular ring, which imparts rotational vibration to the fluid flowing inside the annular vibrating body 5, and a fluid jet that rotates in a spiral shape from the injection port at the tip. can do.

In addition, the reversal control of the traveling direction of the ultrasonic traveling wave is performed by the high frequency power source E.
The reversal can be easily achieved by setting the phase difference between 1 and El to 270''.The vibration element is provided with a magnetostrictive material,
By applying a magnetic field generated by a high-frequency power source to vibrate this, it is possible to similarly generate an ultrasonic traveling wave. A multiphase AC power supply, a phase difference control power supply, etc. can be similarly used as the excitation power supply.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the present invention provides a fluid injection nozzle with an annular vibrating body forming a nozzle body or a part thereof, and is fixed to the side or bottom of the vibrating body to form an electrostrictive or a magnetostrictive material, and a high frequency power source or a multiphase AC power source having a phase difference that excites the electrostrictive material or magnetostrictive material,
Since the annular vibrating body is configured to generate ultrasonic traveling waves, rotational motion can be imparted to the fluid jetted from the nozzle jetting port while the vibrating body is flowing, and the fluid is jetted in a spiral shape. Can be sprayed. In addition, since the vibrating body forms the tip of the injection nozzle and applies rotational vibration due to ultrasonic traveling waves at the tip of the fluid injection, it is not necessary to place an ultrasonic vibrator on the side of the fluid pump that supplies fluid to the nozzle, as in the past. The ultrasonic waves are not attenuated by the supply vibrator as would be the case when ultrasonic waves propagate through the supply fluid, and the acting ultrasonic waves exert a rotating force of traveling waves compared to conventional standing waves. Therefore, a swirling flow can be ejected, and the jet flow supply effect can be significantly improved. Therefore, when this jet nozzle is used to supply a jet of machining fluid to the machining gap of an electric discharge machining device, a large amount of machining fluid can be flowed into the minute machining gap due to the swirling flow, and the machining debris present in the machining gap can be shaken. The effect of disturbing and eliminating is enhanced, and the cooling effect is also improved to stably generate pulsed discharge and increase machining speed.

Furthermore, the cleaning and cooling of the wire electrode during wire cutting reduces the number of wire breaks, allowing continuous and efficient wire cutting. Also, when used as a nozzle for surface cleaning, etc., the swirling flow provides an excellent peeling effect, and a high cleaning effect such as dirt removal can be obtained.

It is also effective as a cooling liquid or gas injection nozzle.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a detailed bottom view of a portion thereof, and FIG. 3 is a front view of another embodiment of the present invention. 1... Vibrating body 1a... Notch 1b... Tip injection port 2... Coating film 3......Electrostrictive material 4......Vibe E+, Ez......When using high frequency power supply
Applicant: Kiyoshi Inoue, Representative of Inoue Japax Institute Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a nozzle that injects fluid from a tip injection port, an annular vibrating body forming a nozzle body or a part thereof is provided, and an electrostrictive material or a magnetostrictive material is fixed to the side or bottom of the vibrating body, Providing a high frequency power source or a multiphase AC power source having a phase difference that excites the electrostrictive material or magnetostrictive material,
An injection nozzle characterized in that the annular vibrating body generates an ultrasonic traveling wave.