JPH01102145A - Opening and closing type roof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To enhance the numeral aperture of a roof and to facilitate the opening and closing operation the roof by providing an engaging member at the rear surface of a front end of a roof member which is tiltable about its proximal end, and which is foldable at its center part, and by engaging the engaging member to a beam in a building body. CONSTITUTION: Each of a plurality of roof members formed by dividing a room roof 1, radially from the center part thereof as viewed in a plan view, is journalled at its proximal end to an outer wall 3 by means of a hinge 12 so as to tiltable, and is foldable at its intermediate part by means of an universal hinge 13. An engaging member composed of running wheels 20 is provided to the rear surface of the front end of each roof member 4, and is engaged with a rail 8 on an arch beam 16 provided in a building body. With this arrangement, the numerical aperture of the doom roof 1 can be increased, and the roof members 4 can be surely supported during opening and closing operation while their positioning can be simplified.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a retractable roof suitable for an all-weather type building such as an athletic stadium where the roof can be opened and closed.

(Prior Art) All conventional retractable roofs have a laminated structure in which the roofs are stacked in several tiers, and the roofs are slid or run in a sliding manner to open and close the top of the building.

For example, the beams and girders that support the roof were configured to be expandable and retractable, or the girders were fitted with running wheels so that they could run on the beams.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, in conventional roofs, most of the space for storing the open roof portion remains, so when considering the aperture ratio in the horizontal projected area of the roof, the opening of the roof Rate 100
It was not possible to give a percentage.

Therefore, when the roof is opened, the roof member is positioned almost vertically, thereby minimizing the flat area required for storage, and the present invention has an opening/closing type with a 100% opening ratio that can sufficiently withstand the effects of cross winds. The purpose is to provide a roof.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the retractable roof of the present invention has a rectangular pyramid, square pyramid, conical, dome shape, etc. roof divided radially from the center of the plane, The roof member is configured to be able to move up and down using its base end as a rotation axis, and can be folded halfway in the height direction as appropriate, and an engaging member is provided on the back surface of the tip of each roof member after the split configuration, and The main body of the building is provided with a vertical beam that supports the roof, and the engaging member is engaged with the beam to guide the roof in its elevation and bending motions and in its bending and stretching movements.

(Function) When the roof moves from the closed state to the open state, it rotates from the middle part to the middle part while rotating in the elevation direction so that the central part when the roof is closed is lifted upwards, centering on the base end. It bends at the bend, opens in a dogleg shape, and stops in a nearly vertical position. When returning to the closed state, the distal end is guided by the beam and the bent part in the middle is also stretched, while the proximal end rotates in the direction of the depression angle and stops being closed.

The roof member in the open state is bent from the middle part, and if this middle part is about one-half in the height direction, the height in the fully opened position will also be about one-half.

(Embodiments) Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a building having a hemispherical dome roof 1, in which the dome roof 1 is placed on an outer wall 3 which is circularly erected on a ground surface 2.

The dome roof 1 has a structure in which it is cut down and divided radially at 60 degree intervals from the center point of the top of the roof, and each roof member 4-4a-
Consists of 4b4-4a-4b-4.

Each roof member 4 to 4e is a frame 6 made of lightweight steel frames assembled in a lattice manner.
The roof is covered with thin metal sheets and a membrane treated with fluororesin.

Furthermore, each midway section is a flexible hinge that bends toward the inside of the building.

There is a ground 8 in the center of the building, and stands 9 surround the outer periphery.

That is, the dome roof 1 has a hemispherical shape when closed, but when opened, each of the roof members 4 to 4e rotates around the base edge located on the outer wall 3 side in the elevation direction, that is, rises up. While opening in six directions from the top of the roof (Fig. 2), the roof members 4 to 4e bend inward from the middle part in the open height direction as shown in Fig. 3, increasing the aperture ratio and opening the roof members 4 to 4e. The area that the wind hits on 4e is made smaller.

Note that the frames of the roof members 4 to 4e are not limited to metal, and may be made of a composite material of plastic and metal, and it is desirable to reduce the weight.

Next, since the roof members 4 to 4e all have the same structure,
The details of one of them are illustrated below in FIG. All figures are side views of only the roof member 4, and the outside of the outer wall 3 is
A slope 10 is formed that descends inward from the top, and a base edge 11 of the roof member 4 is rotatably supported on the top of the slope 10 by a hinge 12.

The middle part of this roof member 4 is folded in the middle at the flexible 1st part 13, and the upper opening/closing roof 5. The base has a lower retractable roof 7. That is, the roof member 4 has an upper retractable roof 5.
The lower retractable roof 7 is formed by a frame 6, and the upper and lower retractable roofs 5 and 7 are connected by a swivel hinge 13.

Roof mutual connectors 14 are installed at the endportal of the upper retractable roof 5 and the lower retractable roof 7 and the endportal of the roof member 4, which are connected and connected by the flexible number 13, Consideration has been given to waterproof properties and safe bonding.

The connector 14 is a Utility Application filed in 1983 in the applicant's earlier application.
No. 0-161309 is good. This has a sickle-shaped lock on the - side,
A lock 6 is provided on the other side to engage with this, and the two are connected in a drawn state.

Furthermore, a guide rail 18 is laid on the outer peripheral surface of the arch beam 16 that supports each of the roof members 4 to 4e in a dome shape, and a rail 18 is installed on the back surface of the tip of each upper opening/closing roof 5 of each of the roof members 4 to 4e.
A running wheel 20 is mounted that is engaged with and guided by and runs on it.

The rotation movement at the proximal edge 11 of the roof member 4 and the bending and stretching movement from the swivel 13 are performed by the following structure.

In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 4, hydraulic cylinders 22, 23 are used for the drive power. One end of the first cylinder 22 is rotatably supported inside the top of the outer wall 3, and the tip of the cylinder rod 24 is pivoted at a position slightly upwardly away from the base edge 11 of the lower retractable roof 7.

By controlling the oil pressure of the first cylinder 22 and expanding and contracting the cylinder rod 24, the roof member 4 rotates back and forth in the elevation direction using the hinge 12 at the base end 11 as the rotation axis. When it moves in elevation, its proximal edge 11 escapes in the direction of inclination due to the inclined surface 10, so that the tip bent inward due to the curved curvature of the roof member 4 reliably moves to the outside of the stand 9, and an opening ratio of 100% is achieved. can get.

Further, in the middle part of the roof member 4, one end of the second cylinder 23 is pivoted slightly below the joint between the upper retractable roof 5 and the lower retractable roof 7, and the cylinder rod 25
A sickle-shaped bracket 26 is attached to the tip of the cylinder rod 25.
and the base of the upper retractable roof 5.

When the cylinder rod 25 is extended, the bracket 26 pivots forward about the swivel hinge 13, and as a result, the upper retractable roof 5 bends forward into the interior of the building. When the cylinder rod 25 is retracted, the operation is reversed and the upper retractable roof 5 returns to its original closed state.

The bracket 26 transmits the linear movement of the cylinder rod 25 to the upper opening/closing roof 5 and is interlocked therewith. That is, since the force of the second cylinder 23 is transmitted to the upper opening/closing roof 5, the shape of the bracket 26 is such that the center of the end shaft attachment part of the cylinder rod 25 is freely centered on the circumference with the axis 13 as the axis. Anything that involves exercise is fine.

With the above configuration, when opening the dome roof 1, the lower retractable roof 7 is rotated in the elevation direction using the hinge 12 as the rotation axis while extending the cylinder rods 24 and 25 of the first cylinder 22 and the second cylinder 23. At the same time as the movement, the tip of the upper retractable roof 7 is lowered along the arch beam 16 by the running wheels 20, and the roof members 4 to 4e are bent into a "C" shape around the swivel hinge 13 and opened. The movement is completed.When closing the dome roof 1, a completely opposite movement is performed.

Each of the roof members 4 to 4e is in contact with the top of the dome roof 1, and in order to ensure exceptional water-stopping properties, the roof members 4 to 4e are in contact with the top of the dome roof 1.
A top cover 28 (FIG. 5) is provided which rotates around a shaft-mounted portion pivoted on one of the dome parts as an eccentric shaft and covers the top of the dome roof.

In addition to this top cover 28, the running wheel 20 is also
The details are shown in the figure.

That is, the top cover 28 is rotatably pivoted by a pin 30 loosely fitted to the tip of the roof member 4, and when the dome roof 1 is opened, the pin 30 is rotated and moved toward the roof member 4, and the roof 1 After closing, the pin 30 is turned again to return it to the center point where the roof members 4 to 4e abut each other.

The pin 30 is equipped with an electric motor or the like so as to be rotatable.

Further, the running wheels 20 are pivotally supported at each end of a horizontal member of a cross-shaped truck frame 31 suspended from the tips of the roof members 4 to 4e.

The hanging end of the bogie frame 31 has a raised surface that touches the back surface of the upper flange of the rail 18 to hold the running wheels 20 on the rail 18 and, as a result, locks the roof members 4 to 4e to the arch beam 6. A prevention ring 32 is provided.

A pair of sheaves 33 are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the top of the arch beam 6 on the web side of the rail 18, and a traction row 134 is wound around the sheaves 33. This relates to the second embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6 and below.

In the second embodiment, the index row 134 and winch 35 are used as the driving force for opening and closing the roof, instead of using the hydraulic cylinders 22, 23 as in the first embodiment.

The traction rope 34 is connected to a winch 35 installed below the arch beam 16 and a sheave 3 installed near the apex of the arch beam 16.
It is endlessly wound between 3 and 3. When the winch 35 is operated, the index row 134 moves between the winch 35 and the sheave 33. The winding state of the traction row 134 is rail 1
Guide rollers 3 arranged at regular intervals along the web of 8.
It is carried and supported by 6. The truck frame 31 is engaged with the tow port 34 (FIG. 7). Further, a jack 37 is installed between the arch beam 16 and the frame 6 of the roof member 4, directly under the swivel 13 connecting the upper retractable roof 5 and the lower retractable roof 7.

With the above configuration, when opening the dome roof 1, the winch 35 is operated and the roof member 4 is pulled by the tow rope 34.
- Pull down the tip of 4e. At the initial stage, the frame 6 near the swivel hinge 13 is floated by the jack 37 in order to reduce the load on the winch 35 and the pulling rope 34.

When the tips of the roof members 4 to 4e are pulled down with the tow rope 34, the lower retractable roof 7 is moved in the elevation direction using the hinges 12 and the swivel hinge 13 as rotation axes, and at the same time the tips of the upper retractable roof 5 are pulled down. While descending along the arch beam 16 by the running wheels 20, it bends into a “dog” shape 9
The opening operation ends. When closing the dome roof, the direction of rotation of the winch 35 is reversed to obtain a movement completely opposite to the opening operation described above.

(Effects) As explained in detail above, according to the retractable roof of the present invention, since the base end of the roof is used as the pivot axis to open vertically to the outside of the building, the roof can be opened horizontally when fully opened. The projected area is minimized and the aperture ratio can be 100%. Therefore, the feeling of openness is not much different from that without a roof. Also, unlike a multi-layered structure, the roof does not have any steps, so when it is opened or closed, a flat surface with no steps is obtained, which is relatively advantageous in terms of rain protection. Naturally, regarding the problem of blowing, no special means for closing the stepped portion is required.

Furthermore, when the roof is open, the roof is folded in the middle, reducing the area exposed to crosswinds and lowering its height, which is advantageous in terms of wind resistance and aesthetics. This has a significant effect in reducing the design strength of the foundation that supports the roof.

Furthermore, since the opening and closing operations are performed while being guided and locked to the arch beam, supporting force and positioning during opening and closing can be easily and reliably performed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figures all relate to embodiments of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the dome roof, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing its operating state, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the opening/closing operation in side view. Fig. 4 is a side view of the first embodiment, Fig. 5 is a side view showing the top of the roof member, Fig. 6 is a side view of the second embodiment, and Fig. 7 is the bogie frame and traction rope. FIG. 1...Dome roof 2...Ground surface 3...
Outside wall 4...Roof member 5...Upper retractable roof 6...Frame 7...Lower retractable roof
8...Grand 9...Stand 1
0... Inclined surface 11... Base edge 12...
・Hinge 13...Free number 1 14...Connector 16...Arch beam 18...Rail 20
... Running wheel 22 ... First cylinder 2
3...Second cylinder 24...Cylinder rod 25...Cylinder rod 26...Bracket 2
8...Top cover 30...Pin 31...
・Bogie frame 32...Floating prevention wheel 33...
・Sheave 34... Towing port ~ 135...
Winch 36...Guide roller 37...Jackie patent applicant Obayashi Corporation

Claims (1)

[Claims] A roof in the shape of a right quadrangular pyramid, a square pyramid, a cone, a dome, etc. is divided radially from the central part of the plane, and the base end is used as a rotation axis to move up and down, and the roof can be bent in the middle from the middle part in the height direction as appropriate. In addition, an engaging member is provided on the back side of the tip of each roof member after the split configuration, and the building body is provided with a vertical beam that supports the roof, and the engaging member is engaged with the beam. 1. A retractable roof, characterized in that the roof is configured so that the beam guides the roof in its upward and downward movements and in its bending and stretching movements through mid-folding.